新概念英語第三冊Lesson53知識點課件

1、Lesson 53 In the public interestevolve v.1)逐漸形成（develop gradually） a system for doing 形成了一套的體系-He has a new system for running the school.2）使進(jìn)化，發(fā)展 from into-The human being from the ape.-The ape into man.evolution n.發(fā)展，演變（revolution 革命）evolutionism n.進(jìn)化論（theory of evolution）evolutionist 進(jìn)化論者h(yuǎn)igh-han

2、ded adj.高壓的，專橫的-She is a high-handed wife In her family.妻管嚴(yán) hen-peck hen-pecked husband“high-”high-blooded 血統(tǒng)純正（高血壓 high blood pressure/ hypertension）high-hat 自命不凡（高帽子with flattery）incompetent adj.不夠格的-competentbe competent to do/ for sth.=be qualified to do/ for sth.=have competence to do/ for=have

3、 qualification to do/ for-He is competent to do the job.safeguard v.保護(hù)品牌英語：Safeguard 舒膚佳（健康衛(wèi)士）Nice 納愛斯（美好）Rejoice 飄柔（精力充沛）Head and Shoulder 海飛絲Tide 汰漬（潮流）Clean and Clear 可伶可俐Nestle 雀巢（鳥窩）Robust 樂百氏（精力充沛）Sprite 雪碧（小妖精，調(diào)皮鬼）必勝客PizzaHut（披薩餅小屋）Dove 德芙（鴿子）Giant 捷安特(自行車)Sharp 夏普（尖銳的 ，突然的）Jeanswest 真維斯（西部牛仔

4、）Pampers 幫寶適（溺愛）grievance n.不平，冤屈grieve v.使悲傷-It s me to see this tragic movie. for / about/ over 為而悲傷grief n. in -I have to comfort my best friend in grief who had dumped by her boyfriend.5、correspondence n.1）來往信件 shool 函授學(xué)校 coursekeep with sb. 保持通信聯(lián)系=keep in touch / contact with sb. by writing let

5、terscorrespondent n.通訊員，通信者2)一致，符合in with sb.與相一致；與有通信bring sth. into with sth. 使一致-He always brings my ideas into with his.correspond v.alter vt.改變【辨】1)alter：change in character, appearance etc. partly-The kids clothes should be altered after a year older.2)change v.完全，徹底改變，往往指以舊換新- This city chang

6、ed a lot especially recent years.3)vary v.（強(qiáng)調(diào)在事物在不同時間/條件/狀況下的變化，強(qiáng)調(diào)多樣性）-Custom with the times.-風(fēng)俗隨時代而變化。4)convert v.改變（態(tài)度/信仰等）-She converted to Christianism.accusation n.譴責(zé)，指控 against 譴責(zé)-The public should make against those who sell fakes. of 關(guān)于的指控 (accuse sb. of) of robberyanonymous 匿名指控ascertain v.

7、查出，查明=make certain/ make sure=find out / get to know-Lets ascertain who will attend the meeting.prejudiced adj.有偏見的，不公平的be against 對有偏見-Many employers are against women enployees.prejudice n.racial pride and Prejudice簡.奧斯汀prompt adj.即時的 response 快速的反應(yīng)action 敏捷的動作v.促進(jìn)，激起 to do sth.-His unclear reply

8、to this question me to ask him one more question.Text：（L1）The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies. （L2）enlighten v.啟發(fā)，啟迪 wisdom An enlightening experience 有啟迪作用的經(jīng)歷 on-The leader believes he has duty to enlighten the public on these matters

9、.enlightenment n.enlightened adj.開明的，進(jìn)步的 policy/ management(L2) Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too.(L5)adopt v.1)采納 a suggestion/

10、ones idea-Mike finally my suggestion about the plan.2) 收養(yǎng)adopted son 養(yǎng)子（foster son）-養(yǎng)父母adoptive father/ mother/ parentsn. adoption(L6)The Swedes were the first to recognize that public officials like civil servants, collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are servi

11、ng the public.3、civil adj.1)公民的，民用的，民事的 rights 公民權(quán) servant lawcriminal law case 民事案件2)國內(nèi)的 war 內(nèi)戰(zhàn)3)文明的-As visitors, the least we can do is be civil to the people in their own land.Civilize v. civilization n.（L8）As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest

12、of the individual. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State.（L10）appoint v.1)任命，委派 sb. as /to be managerappointee n.被任命者【律】指定的遺產(chǎn)2)指定（時間、地點），約定-The date for the sport meet is still to b

13、e ed.尚未確定（有待確定）appointment n.指定，約會make 約會；預(yù)約（電話）first 第一次約會（L11）The official title of the person is Justiteombudsman, but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the J.O. or Ombudsman. The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. （L12）subject 1) n.主題，題目a book on the of sailing主題為航海的書chage the 改變話

14、題2）n.主語object subject clause 主從subjective主觀的objective3）-Chemistry is not my favourite subject.學(xué)科n.3）-Chemistry is not my favourite subject.學(xué)科n.4)adj.受支配的，易遭受 to -Smokers are ed to heart attack.pressure n.壓力v.強(qiáng)制，壓迫air 大氣壓力psychological exert/ put on under the of 在的壓力下-We are ed into making a difficul

15、t decision.-我們被迫做出一個艱難的決定。（L15）There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsmans work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection. If a citizens complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint. （L17）He may gentl

16、y reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law be altered. The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsmans work. （L18）the following case is a typical example of 寫作舉例（L20）A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treate

17、d by the police, simply because he was a foreigner. The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case.（L22）There was nothing in the record to show that the foreigners complaint was justified and the Chief of Police stoutly denied the accus

18、ation. It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his lawyers to investigate the matter. （L25）The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on s

19、everal occasions. The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in he official files. （L27）It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find this out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts. （L28）The policeman in question was severely reprimanded a

20、nd was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would be prosecuted. The Ombudsmans prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed. （L31）The Ombudsmans prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have g

21、one unnoticed.may/ might +have done用法1）都可用于對過去事物的懷疑和推測，might 比may可能性小-It may / might have rained yesterday.2）may不能用疑問句，通常用might/can 代替-Might you have met him somewhere?-你是否可能在其他地方見過他呢？3)might have done“本來可以/有可能”表感嘆或遺憾- might not have done-You might not have told us about it.-你本來可以不告訴我們這件事的。（might not have done比should not have done委婉）總結(jié)：表示推測，感嘆，遺憾，埋怨（此類結(jié)構(gòu)有5類）should have donemust have doneneed have donecan/could have done斯堪的納維亞半島各國實行開明的社會政策，受到全世界的推崇。在瑞典，已逐漸形成了一種完善的制度以保護(hù)每個公民不受專橫的和不稱職的政府官員的欺壓。由于這種制度行之有效，已被其他國