高中英語必修二 Unit 4 Period Three　Discovering Useful Structures-Past participles(1) as the attribute and the object complement

1、Unit 4History and Traditions語法導(dǎo)學(xué)達(dá)標(biāo)檢測Period ThreeDiscovering Useful StructuresPast participles(1) as the attribute and the object complementPART 1語法導(dǎo)學(xué)感悟規(guī)律 重點難點剖析感知以下句子，完成方框下的小題語法感知1.Most people just use the shortened name：“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.2.They use the same flag，known as the Union Ja

2、ck，as well as share the same currency and military defence.3.They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.1.句1和2中加顏色詞匯在句中作定語。句1中為 ，句2中為 。2.句3、4、5和6中加顏色詞匯在句中作 。3.過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時與賓語構(gòu)成 。4.The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true fe

3、ast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.5.Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged.6.When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides，we heard it announced that there w

4、ere no audio guides left.前置定語后置定語賓語補(bǔ)足語被動關(guān)系一、過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.過去分詞用在表狀態(tài)的動詞keep，leave等詞的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。He got up late and hurried to his office，leaving the breakfast untouched.他起床晚了，沒吃早飯就匆忙去上班了。2.過去分詞用在使役動詞have/get和make的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。(1)“have/get賓語過去分詞”可以表示兩種含義：“讓別人做某事”或“遭遇到某種不幸”。Claire had her luggage checked an hou

5、r before her plane left.在飛機(jī)起飛前一個小時克萊兒對行李進(jìn)行了安檢。While they were on holiday，they had their car broken into.他們在度假時，汽車被撬開了。語法精析(2)在“make賓語過去分詞”這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞表示結(jié)果。They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.他們用很淺易的英語來設(shè)法使自己被理解。3.感官動詞see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后，可用過去分詞作賓

6、語補(bǔ)足語。When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.當(dāng)我們看到道路被雪封住后，我們決定在家過假期。The next morning people found the world outside their houses completely changed.第二天早上，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們房子外面的世界全變了樣。4.表示“意愿；命令”的動詞，如like，want，wish，expect，order等可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。The manager ordered the work fin

7、ished at the end of this week.經(jīng)理要求在本周末完成這項工作。5.過去分詞用在“with賓語賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關(guān)系。The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.客廳既干凈又整潔，已擺好了餐桌準(zhǔn)備盛放待煮的飯菜。John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it.約翰收到一份宴請函而且他的

8、工作也做完了，他就欣然接受了邀請。6.非謂語動詞(短語)作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別(1)感官動詞(短語)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel等的賓語補(bǔ)足語主要有三種形式，試比較(以hear為例)：hear賓語doing sth. 聽到正在做(主動、進(jìn)行)do sth. 聽到做了(主動、完成)done聽到被做(被動、完成或無時間性I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.昨天經(jīng)過她房間時，我聽見她正在唱英文歌。(主動、正在進(jìn)行)I he

9、ard her sing an English song just now.剛才我聽見她唱了一首英文歌。(主動、完成)To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.為了學(xué)好英語，我們應(yīng)該盡可能多地聽英語。(被動、無時間性)(2)使役動詞make，have，get，keep后加復(fù)合賓語的比較make賓語do sth. 讓做某事(主動)done讓被做(被動)The shocking news made me realize what terrible pro

10、blems we would face.這令人震驚的消息使我意識到我們將面臨多么可怕的問題。I made myself known to them first and then we talked about our hobbies.我先向他們作了自我介紹，然后我們談?wù)摿俗约旱膼酆?。have賓語do sth. 使做某事(主動)doing sth. 使持續(xù)做某事(主動、進(jìn)行)done使被做(被動)Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.媽媽讓我去商店買些食鹽。He had us laughing all through the meal.整頓

11、飯下來他讓我們笑個不停。My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.上個月，我姐姐的錢包在公共汽車上被偷了。get賓語to do sth. 使做某事(主動)doing sth. 使開始做某事(主動)done使被做(被動)He got me to post the letter for him.他讓我替他寄信。The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開始朝前線行進(jìn)。Ill get my cell

12、phone repaired tomorrow.我明天要(請人)修一下我的手機(jī)。keep賓語doing sth. 使一直做某事(主動、進(jìn)行)done使被做(被動)Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long.對不起，讓你久等了。She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was.她緊閉雙眼，待在原地未動。withsb./sth.doing(主動、進(jìn)行)sth.done(被動、完成)sth.to do(表示將來)WeChat is like a public network，with people sharing

13、information publicly；whatever they say or publish can be seen by everybody.微信像是一個公開網(wǎng)絡(luò)，人們公開分享信息，不管他們說什么、發(fā)布什么，大家都可以看到。(3)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中賓語補(bǔ)足語的比較With a great weight taken off her mind，she passed all the tests successfully.由于放下了極大的思想包袱，她成功地通過了所有考試。With a lot of work to do，she wasnt allowed to leave her office

14、.由于有許多工作要做，她不被允許離開辦公室。二、過去分詞作定語1.過去分詞作定語時的位置(1)前置定語一般情況下，單個過去分詞作前置定語，即放在所修飾詞之前。The polluted water was to blame for the spread of cholera.被污染的水造成了霍亂的傳播。The cured animals will be released soon.痊愈的動物會很快被釋放。名師點津有些過去分詞表示特定含義時，單獨(dú)作定語放在所修飾的名詞之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所給的)，concerned(有關(guān)的)等。There are few tigers left

15、.It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.剩余的老虎不多了，是相關(guān)當(dāng)局采取措施保護(hù)它們免遭滅絕的時候了。如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no與thing/body/one所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等，單個分詞放在被修飾詞的后面。Is there anything unsolved?還有什么沒解決的嗎？(2)后置定語過去分詞短語作定語時往往作后置定語，即放在所修飾詞之后，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。Last Tuesday in a

16、mountainous area，there were a total of 173 sheep killed almost immediately(which were killed almost immediately) when lightning struck.上周二在一個山區(qū)，當(dāng)雷擊發(fā)生時有173只羊即刻被雷電擊死。2.過去分詞作定語時的意義(1)及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，在語態(tài)上表示被動；在時間上，常表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，有時也不表示時間性。Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof.

17、(表示被動)卡車與公共汽車皆燒煤氣，煤氣裝在車頂上的大袋中。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.(表示被動和完成) 會上提出的計劃將很快被執(zhí)行。(2)不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，它不表示被動意義，只強(qiáng)調(diào)動作完成。Our retired soccer coach went to watch us play a game last week.上周我們已退休的足球教練去看我們打了一場比賽。The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.早上已升起的太陽正明亮地閃耀。

18、3.過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別 意義 形式語態(tài) 時態(tài)過去分詞被動完成現(xiàn)在分詞主動進(jìn)行As we all know，China is a developing country.眾所周知，中國是一個發(fā)展中國家。The visitor came from a developed country.這位游客來自一個發(fā)達(dá)國家。4.過去分詞(done)、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動語態(tài)(being done)與動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)(to be done)作定語的區(qū)別 意義 形式語態(tài)時態(tài)done被動完成being done被動進(jìn)行to be done被動尚未發(fā)生The building built last year

19、is our classroom building.去年建造的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。The building being built now is our classroom building.現(xiàn)在正在建造的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。The building to be built next month is our classroom building.下個月將要建造的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。PART 2達(dá)標(biāo)檢測當(dāng)堂檢測 基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)演練1.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially (design) to help them su

20、cceed academically and personally.(2019天津)2.He walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself (notice).3.Chinas image is improving steadily，with more countries its role in international affairs.(2019江蘇)4.One study in America found that students grades (improve) a little after the school i

21、ntroduced uniforms.(2019浙江).單句語法填空designednoticedrecognizingimproved5.The villagers saw the fire brightly in the distance.When they hurried there，they found some houses to the ground already.(burn)6.On the bank of the river，we found him (lie) on a bench，with his eyes (fix) on a kite in the sky.7.Dat

22、a (collect) from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed，with very low error rates.(2019全國)8.There are still many problems (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.burningburned/burntlyingfixedcollectedtobesolved9.Earth Day， (mark)on 22 April，is an annu