高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法精品教案：專題8情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要用來表示說話人的情感、態(tài)度等,是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的 重點(diǎn),也是高考的熱點(diǎn),是單項(xiàng)填空必考的一個(gè)學(xué)問點(diǎn)；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 在近五年高考中主要考查四點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示估計(jì)和可能性的用 法；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)“情感、態(tài)度、語(yǔ)氣等”；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示“必要性 ”等方面的用法；虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考點(diǎn)主要集中在 名詞性從句、條件句中的用法,以及錯(cuò)綜條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的應(yīng) 用；一、 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表估計(jì)的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意語(yǔ)氣句式語(yǔ)例句備注must 義可能肯定境A：對(duì)現(xiàn)在的行為或狀態(tài)的推一對(duì)Look,測(cè)：定性最句具may/mightmight大體someone is must/may/might/can/couldco

2、ming. do 對(duì)過去的行為或狀態(tài)可可能肯定事可能性小于 may實(shí)Who can it 的推測(cè)：能性較句、1 / 39 can/could could可小,否定的be. B: It must/may/might/can/could may be our have done 尤其句 可判mightheadmaster. 能不 斷A: It can t 最不be him. He 確定疑問has gone to Shanghai. B: 可能性小于 can能It must be 句、有否定Mr. Wang. He looks 句 不like our 可headmaster. That may 能

3、、not be true. couldHe 有時(shí)couldnt 也用have 于肯discovered 定句 the truth. 肯定時(shí)句會(huì)2 / 39 情 態(tài) 動(dòng)意義 語(yǔ)氣句式 語(yǔ)境 例句備注詞should 應(yīng)理 論Its 8 常表示在一段/ought 該 ,oclock now. 時(shí)間內(nèi)可能發(fā)上to 理應(yīng)He should be 生的事或某人in the office now. 的期望；一般Hi, Mum. 句末有時(shí)間狀I(lǐng)m on the 語(yǔ),或有語(yǔ)境bus. I should 示意；所表示be home in about ten 的推測(cè)發(fā)生的minutes. 可能性很大；留意： sho

4、uld ought to表示估計(jì)是高考考查的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)；如：When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon.They _ be ready by 12：00. Acan Bshould C might D need 【解讀】 B A 項(xiàng)表示估計(jì)常常用于否定句和疑問句中；C 項(xiàng) 表示估計(jì)語(yǔ)氣不太確定；should 意為 “按理說,理應(yīng) ”,既回答了顧客的詢問,不失禮貌,又為照片有可能尚未洗好,顧客到時(shí)取不到留下了回旋的余地,表達(dá)了店主的精明與用詞經(jīng)過認(rèn)真推敲；3 / 39 二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的其他用法 1can, could,

5、 may, might 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義例句備注can/could 才能I can see could表示泛指過去的某some birds 一才能；表示過去有才能flying in the 并且勝利地做了某事,通sky. Could the 常用was/were able to girl read do,相當(dāng)于managed to before she do/succeeded in went to doing ；如： Because he school. practised hard, he was able to pass the driving test. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義例句備注can/cou

6、ld 允許Can/May I have can與could 、 may與 有 時(shí)a look at your might不表時(shí)態(tài)差異,只可與photos ？是 語(yǔ) 氣 上 的 差 別 ,may 互could/might比 can/may換 更委婉；留意在回答時(shí)不4 / 39 懇求Can/Could you 能用 could/ might；lend me a hand ？ Yes, I can. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義例句備注與could 、 may與may/might 答應(yīng)或You may take can懇求this if you like. might不表時(shí)態(tài)差異,只May/Might I ask

7、for a photo 是 語(yǔ) 氣 上 的 差 別 ,of your baby？could/might比 can/may更委婉；留意在回答時(shí)不能用 could/ might；2.must, should 情 態(tài)意義 例句備注動(dòng)詞must 必需 We must help each other must 表示主觀to overcome the 意志, have to 表difficulties. Must I finish the work today ？No, you neednt/you dont have to./Yes, you must. 5 / 39 示 客 觀 ； 如 ：They h

8、ad to speed up, for the weather turned You mustnt take photos terrible. Must here, and it is forbidden. I/we？的否定回答 不 能 用mustnt ；偏要 硬要 非要Why must you always 表示與說話人愿望interrupt me？相反及不耐煩；Can I borrow your car, Mum？If you must. 情態(tài)意義例句備注動(dòng)詞should 應(yīng)當(dāng) 常 You should be polite to ought to 的 否 定與 the old. 式 ： o

9、ught not oughtto tooughtnt to ；通用 疑 問 式：Ought to 竟然 It is strange that he 表示驚奇、意外等should react in this way. 語(yǔ)氣；萬一 Should anyone phone, 用于 if 從句中強(qiáng)調(diào)tell them I will call back 6 / 39 “萬一 ”,或用于虛later. If anyone 擬語(yǔ)氣；should phone If I should go there tomorrow, I would go to see her. 3. need, dare 情 態(tài)例句留意事

10、項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞need I neednt go at need 可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,用于once. 各種句式；如： I need to go at Need you go once.I dont need to go at at once？Yes,I once. Do you need to go at must. /No, I once ？ Yes , I do.need 作neednt. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞常用于否定、疑問或條件句中；dare He darent dare 和 need 一樣,既可以作情 態(tài)動(dòng)詞,也可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞；用 作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),主要用于否定 句、疑問句和條件句；用作實(shí)義cross the r

11、iver. How dare you say that to me？動(dòng)詞時(shí),可用于各種句式；如：7 / 39 He didnt dare to go out alone at night. 在否定句中 to 有時(shí)可省略 4.shall/will/would 情 態(tài)意義例句備注動(dòng)詞shall 表 示征詢意Shall I help you？用 于 第見；一 、 第三 人 稱疑 問 句中；表示說話人 的意愿,有“ 命 令 , 允 諾,警告,決 心 ” 等 意You shall do as I say. 命令 用 于 第You shall have the book 二 、 第tomorrow. 承諾

12、 三人If you dont get out, I shall 稱；knock you down. 警告 思；4.shall/will/would 8 / 39 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 意義 例句 備注will/would 表示 I will do everything 意愿 for you. None is so blind as those who wont see. 表請(qǐng)Will/ Would you 用 于 疑 問 句 中 ；求please close the would 更委婉window ？表示Fish will die without used to 表示與現(xiàn)在某種water. Every t

13、ime 的情形相反,表示傾向she was in trouble ,“過去如此而現(xiàn)在不或習(xí)she would turn to him 再這樣 ”；其后既可for help. would指過慣性去某一段時(shí)間的情形,接表動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)作常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀也可接表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)語(yǔ)連用,意為“ 總是,詞 ； 如 ： There 總會(huì) ” ,后面只能接動(dòng)used to be an apple tree in front 作性的動(dòng)詞； of the house. 4.shall/will/would 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義例句備注9 / 39 will/would 表 示 功 能 能 ,行 表 示 推 測(cè) 可 能 、

14、大 概 If you dont have a 與否定詞連用常pen, a pencil will 表示“拒絕”；do.We tried the door again , but it wouldnt open. This will be the house you are looking for. I would be about ten when my father left home. 二、 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 have done 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義例句備注must have 一 定 肯 定You 對(duì) 過 去 的 事 情cant/couldnt 的估計(jì)done；句 ； 可 能have met my may

15、/might 肯 定 句 和grandmother. have done ；否 定 句 ；She died can/could have done 可 能 疑 問before you were born. 句 和 否 定句 10 / 39 might have 本 來 可 能He might 與 過 去 事 實(shí) 相done; 做 而 未have given you 反的虛擬表達(dá)more help, even couldhave 做；本可以though he was done ； would have done 做 而 未very busy.We 做；原來會(huì) 做 而 未 做could have

16、walked there, and it was so 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義near. 例句備注should/ought 本應(yīng)該Your brother 表示批評(píng)to have done 做 而 未has failed 做English exam again. You ought to have given him more help. neednt have 本 不 需 要You neednt done 做 但 卻have wakened 做了me up; I dont have to go to work today. 四、虛擬語(yǔ)氣11 / 39 虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示說話人所說的話不是事實(shí),而是一種假設(shè)、

17、愿 望、懷疑或估計(jì)；1虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相if 從句主句主語(yǔ)if 主 語(yǔ) 動(dòng)反詞過去式should/would/could/might動(dòng)詞原形主語(yǔ)與過去事實(shí)相If 主 語(yǔ) 反had過去分詞should/would/could/might have 過去分詞1 if 主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過去式2if 主 語(yǔ) 與將來事實(shí)相were to 動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)反原形should/would/could/ might 動(dòng)詞原形3 if 主語(yǔ)should 動(dòng) 詞 原形If it were to rain tomorrow, I should not drive my car. 假如明天下雨的話,我就不開車了；明

18、天的情形仍不知道 12 / 39 If I had done it in time, I should have had a good time. 如果我準(zhǔn)時(shí)做的話,日子就好過多了；留意：惋惜當(dāng)時(shí)沒能準(zhǔn)時(shí)做 1 主句中的should通常用于第一人稱,would 可用于任何人稱；2 條件句中假如動(dòng)詞是be ,其過去式全部人稱的單復(fù)數(shù)都可用were ；在第一、三人稱單數(shù)的口語(yǔ)中,可用was 代替 were ；但在if I were you 中,不能說成 if I was you；3 當(dāng)條件從句的行為與主句所表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一樣時(shí),主從句中動(dòng)詞的形式要依據(jù)它所標(biāo)示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整,這就是

19、所謂的 “錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣 ”；如：If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.假如他們以前努力學(xué)習(xí)的話,現(xiàn)在干得就會(huì)簡(jiǎn)單些了；If he had not taken my advice, he wouldnt do it much better like this.假如他不聽我的建議,他就不會(huì)干得這么好了；4 在條件句中,假如有were, had, should 等,就可省略 if ,但應(yīng)留意把 were, had, should等提到從句主語(yǔ)之前；如：If he were to come, I would join him i

20、n the discussion. Were he to come, I would join him in the discussion. 假如他來,我將和他一道參與爭(zhēng)論；5 有些虛擬條件句沒有從句,虛擬條件句是通過上下文或介詞短13 / 39 語(yǔ)表示出來的；如：But for air and water, there would be no life on the earth. 要是沒有空氣和水,地球上就沒有生命；介詞短語(yǔ) but for供應(yīng)了虛擬條件 With your help, we might finish the plan earlier. 要是有你的幫忙,我們就可以早些完成任務(wù)

21、；介詞短語(yǔ) with your help 充當(dāng)虛擬條件句 2虛擬語(yǔ)氣在 wish 從句中的用法專題八 正面解讀賓語(yǔ)從句 愿望現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過去式望I wish 主語(yǔ) had過去分詞過去不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望將來不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿主語(yǔ) would/might動(dòng)詞原形現(xiàn)在 望I wish I were a doctor. 我期望我是個(gè)醫(yī)生就好了；I wish that the rain would stop. 我期望雨能停下來； 將來 I wish that he had not made so much fuss about it. 我期望他不要把事情搞大了；過去 3虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的使用14

22、 / 39 1 在 insist； command , order； demand , request,require ,desire ；advise, propose, suggest ,recommend 等表示“命令、要求、建議”的動(dòng)詞后接的賓語(yǔ)從句中要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；如：He suggests that she should leave the house at once.他要她立刻離開這所房子；He proposed that we should deal with the problem by the view of development. 他建議我們應(yīng)當(dāng)用進(jìn)展的眼光處理這個(gè)問題；

23、2 與 上 述 動(dòng) 詞 相 對(duì) 應(yīng) 的 名 詞 suggestion, order, demand , proposal 等后的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 should可省略 ；如：My proposal is that we should set a deadline for handing in the plan.我的建議是為這個(gè)方案設(shè)定一個(gè)上交的期限；3 在It be suggested ordered, demanded, proposed, that 結(jié)構(gòu)中,主語(yǔ)從句中也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；如：Its required that every student be on tim

24、e for school. 要求每個(gè)同學(xué)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到校；4 在 do you suggest/recommend“用在特殊疑問句中作插入語(yǔ)should動(dòng)詞原形 ”的形式,時(shí),句子的動(dòng)詞也使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即其中 should 可以省略；如：15 / 39 What type of computer do you recommend/ suggest we should buy.你建議我們買什么類型的電腦呢？5 在 Its necessary , essential, important, strange, natural 等形容詞that 從句或 Its a pity ,a shame 等名詞that

25、從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以使用should do ；如：It is necessary that the badly wounded man should be treated immediately. 這位重傷員必需立刻治療；Its a pity that you should be so careless. 你竟然如此馬虎,真是惋惜；4虛擬語(yǔ)氣在狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法在 as if/though引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去式表示與現(xiàn)在相反的情形；用過去完成式,表示與過去相反的情形等；其 變化與 wish 后的賓語(yǔ)從句的變化相同；如：Ive loved you as if you were my r

26、elative. 我始終愛你似乎你是我的親人；5虛擬語(yǔ)氣在其他一些句型中的用法 1 Its high time that- 從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以使用過去式,也 should 動(dòng)詞原形；表示 “早該 了”,其中 should 不行省 可使用 略；如：Its high time we got up/should get up. 我們?cè)缭撈鸫擦耍? would rather 從句中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去式表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?6 / 39 的情形相反；用過去完成式,表示與過去的情形相反；如：3 I would rather you came tomorrow. 我寧愿你明天來；if only 要是 多好啊；如

27、：If only you hadnt offended him. 你當(dāng)時(shí)不惹他就好了；If only he could come tomorrow. 他明天能來就好了；4 其他一些表示希望的句型；如：May you succeed ！祝你勝利！Long live the Peoples Republic of China. 中華人民共和國(guó)萬歲！1. 【誤】 The streets are all dry; it mustnt have rained last night. night. 【正】 The streets are all dry; it cant have rained last

28、【解讀】 對(duì)某一事實(shí)的否定估計(jì)不能用 must ,而要用 cant 或 couldnt 表示“不行能 ”；2【誤】 I didnt see Mary at the meeting yesterday. She might be ill, I guess. 【正】 I didnt see Mary at the meeting yesterday. She might have been ill, I guess. 【解讀】猜的事情發(fā)生在昨天,因此要用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have 17 / 39 done 形式,當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是 意；be 時(shí),很簡(jiǎn)單忽視它的時(shí)態(tài)意義,要特殊留3【誤】 He must be very

29、 friendly at times. 【正】 He can be very friendly at times. 【解讀】句意為：他有時(shí)會(huì)很友好；可知此處并非對(duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行估計(jì),而是一種理論上的可能性,因此用 can；4【誤】 I cant find my keys. I may/might forget them on the playground yesterday. 【正】 I cant find my keys. I may/might have left them on the playground yesterday. 【解讀】表示對(duì)過去情形的估計(jì),通常用must/may/mi

30、ght have done sth. 另外,表示 “把 遺忘在某地 ”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞 leave；5【誤】The fire spread through the hotel quickly, but everyone could get out. 【正】The fire spread through the hotel quickly, but everyone was able to get out. 【解讀】表示在過去勝利地做到了某事,確定句中通常用was/were able to do sth.；6【誤】 Will I open the window for you. 【正】 Shall I

31、open the window for you. 【解讀】shall 與第一、第三人稱連用,表示征求看法或懇求指示,這時(shí)不行用 will ；will 通常與其次人稱連用,即 Will you？18 / 39 7【誤】 The plant is dead. Maybe I should give more water. 【正】 The plant is dead. Maybe I should have given more water. 【解讀】依據(jù)第一句可知,植物已經(jīng)死亡,所以應(yīng)當(dāng)是自責(zé)：本應(yīng)當(dāng)多澆些水的；要用 做 而未做 ”；should have done 形式表示 “本應(yīng)當(dāng)8【誤】 H

32、adnt they saved us, we would have been drowned in the stormy river. 【 正 】Had they not saved us, we would have been drowned in the stormy river. 【正】If they had not saved us, we would have been drowned in the stormy river. 【解讀】 當(dāng)條件中含有 were, had, should 等時(shí),可省略 if ,從而把 were, had, should提到主語(yǔ)之前；如條件句為否定句,就

33、只把 were, had, should 提前, not 仍放在主語(yǔ)之后；9【誤】 If only I saw the film yesterday. 【正】 If only I had seen the film yesterday. 【解讀】if only 后句子如表示過去的一種愿望,其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過去完成式,即 if only sb. had done sth. ；1Everyone in my class passed the exam. 19 / 39 Oh,really ？It _ difficult. Acant have been Bneednt have been Cmust

34、 be Dmightnt be 【解讀】A 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；對(duì)過去進(jìn)行估計(jì),表示“肯定不 ”應(yīng)使用 cant have done ；句意為： “ 我們班上每個(gè)人都通過了考試；” “哦,真的嗎？那題目肯定不難；”22022安徽卷 Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they _ just be quiet people.Amust B may Cshould D would 【解讀】 B 句意為：有些人不喜愛講話不肯定是害羞,他們可能是寂靜的人；此處用may 表示“可能”之意；3Why didnt you a

35、nswer the phone last night. I _ when you called. Ahad to have slept Bhad to be sleeping Cmust have been sleeping Dmust have slept 【解讀】C 由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和結(jié)合語(yǔ)境來看,這是對(duì)過去某個(gè)時(shí) 間點(diǎn)正在發(fā)生事情的確定估計(jì),再結(jié)合題意,應(yīng)當(dāng)是 must have been doing 結(jié)構(gòu),選 C；4When I lived with my roommates in the university, we _ often talk into the night. 20 / 39

36、 Amight B must C should D would 【解讀】D這里描述的是過去常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過去常常做的事情 ；5This is the first time I _ my first picture with my own hands. It is time that you _ a picture for me. Atook; took Bhave taken; took Ctook; will take Dwill take; have taken 【解讀】 BThis/It is the first time that中,從句的謂中,從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用現(xiàn)在完成式；It

37、s high time that詞通常用一般過去式 即虛擬語(yǔ)氣 ,意為 “該是做 的時(shí)候了 ”；6Why hasnt Jack come back yet ？ _anything have happened to him.Im not sure, but I guess something_. AMay ；must have B Can；may have CMust ；may D Dare ；might have 【解讀】 B 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；在一般疑問句或特殊疑問句中表 估計(jì)常常用 can 或 could ,估計(jì)發(fā)生過的事情時(shí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后要接完 成式,只能選 B；7 It is usually

38、warm in my hometown in March, but 21 / 39 it_ be rather cold sometimes. Amust B can Cshould D would 【解讀】Bcan 用在確定句中可以指 “有時(shí)會(huì),可能會(huì) ”,表示客觀情形或規(guī)律上的可能性；句意為：三月份在我們家鄉(xiāng)通常比較溫和,但有時(shí)也會(huì)特別冷；8Liza_ well not want to go on the tripshe hates traveling. Awill B can Cmust D may 【解讀】Dmay well not do sth. 意為 “很可能 不 干某事,完全 沒

39、有可能干某事 ”；9Look at the floor, Tom ！_you watch TV while having a meal.AShould BCould “非得、偏CWould DMust 【解讀】 Dmust 表示與說話人愿望相反或不耐煩要”；如：Must you make so much noise？你就非得弄出這么大聲嗎？10The soccer team has been doing well this season,so they _win the championship. Ashould B might C would D must 【解讀】 A 此題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；句

40、意為：這個(gè)足球隊(duì)在這個(gè)季度訓(xùn)練得很好,因此,他們應(yīng)當(dāng)會(huì)贏得冠軍；依據(jù)常理進(jìn)行估計(jì)22 / 39 表示“應(yīng)當(dāng) ”時(shí)用 should ；11When the ship sailed out from Thailand, the 16 sailors on board _ that only half of them would return again. Awill never think Bcan never think Cneednt have thought Dcouldnt have thought 【解讀】D考查 “情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成式”的用法；依據(jù)句意“當(dāng)這艘輪船從泰國(guó)駛出的時(shí)候,船上的16

41、 名船員不會(huì)想到他們當(dāng)中只有一半的人會(huì)返回 ”可知,這里表示對(duì)過去事情的否定估計(jì),選 D；12What does the sign over there read. No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette in this area. Awill B shall C may D must 【解讀】 B 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法；答句句意為：任何人在這里都不能吸煙或者是攜帶點(diǎn)燃的香煙；shall 在這里表示強(qiáng)制,用于法令、條約、規(guī)章中,意為“必需,應(yīng)當(dāng) ”；專題八 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練13 Its hard to believe that such a gr

42、eedy man_ donate so much to Project Hope. Amay B need Ccan D shall 【解讀】C考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法；句意為：這么貪婪的23 / 39 人竟能為期望工程捐出這么多錢,真是難以置信！can 在這里表示 驚奇、不信任,意為 “竟然會(huì),竟能 ”；14 For environmental reasons , we _ as well take these waste products and have them recycled. Ashould B would C might D could 【解讀】C考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；所填詞與as we

43、ll 構(gòu)成固定搭might ,選 C；配,意思是不妨,用15We _ here at lunch time; we were delayed at the airport, though. Acould be Bshould be Cmust have been Dwould have been 【解讀】 Dwould have done sth.表示與已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事實(shí)相反,意思是 “原來會(huì) 但實(shí)際沒有 ”；句意為：我們?cè)瓉砟茉谖绮蜁r(shí)到達(dá),但我們?cè)跈C(jī)場(chǎng)被延誤了；16Jenny took the 8：00 bus to Guangzhou this morning. Really ？He _ th

44、e 9：00 train. Its much more comfortable and safer to travel by train. Acould have taken B should take Cmust have taken Dcan take 【解讀】A 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法；上句表示珍妮已乘坐 8點(diǎn)的汽車去了廣州；答句句意為：她本可以坐9 點(diǎn)的火車去的,坐火車舒適得多,安全得多；“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could 完成式 ”表示 “原來可24 / 39 以,而實(shí)際上并沒有那么做”；172022四川卷 _ I take the book out. Im afraid not. AWill B M

45、ay C Must D Need 【解讀】 B 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析； may 用于一般疑問句,表示懇求；182022安徽卷 Jack described his father ,who _ a brave boy many years ago,as a strong-willed man. Awould be Bwould have been Cmust be Dmust have been 【解讀】 D 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；句意為：杰克把他父親描寫成一個(gè)有頑強(qiáng)意志的人,他許多年前就肯定是一個(gè)英勇的男孩；依據(jù)many years ago 可知,是對(duì)過去事情的估計(jì)；用于條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣中；would

46、 have been 多192022浙江卷 Had I known about this computer program,a huge amount of time and energy_. Awould have been saved Bhad been saved Cwill be saved Dwas saved 【解讀】 A 此題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣；依據(jù) Had I known 提示,可知此句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣,且與過去事實(shí)相反,故主句謂語(yǔ)用 would 25 / 39 have done 的形式；此外本句仍是被動(dòng),選 A；20 2022 湖南卷 You _ buy a gift ,but you

47、 can if you want to. Amust Bmustnt Chave to Ddont have to 【解讀】D 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；dont have to 意為 “ 沒有必要”,符合語(yǔ)境；句意為：你沒有必要買禮物,但假如你想買的話,你也可以買；212022陜西卷 May I take this book out of the reading room.No ,you_. You read it in here. Amightnt Bwont C neednt D mustnt 【解讀】D此題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法；表示“禁止；千萬別做某事 ”時(shí),要用 mustnt ；22 2022 江

48、西卷 I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it.AMust B Can CMay D Will 【解讀】 A 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法；句意為：我已經(jīng)告知你真相了；要我一再重復(fù)嗎？must 在此用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,意為“必需 嗎？非得 嗎？ ”23 2022江蘇卷 I havent got the reference book yet,but Ill have a test on the subject next month. 26 / 39 Dont worry. You _have it by Friday. Acould Bshall Cmus

49、t Dmay 【解讀】B 此題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為其次、三人稱時(shí),情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 shall 表示說話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、承諾或威逼,本句表示允諾；24 2022 江蘇卷 George is going to talk about the geography of his country , but Id rather he _ more on its culture. Afocus Bfocused Cwould focus Dhad focused 【解讀】 B此題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣； would rather從句表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)硖摂M時(shí)應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)；25 2022全國(guó)卷 Just be pati

50、ent. You _ expect the world to change so soon. Acant Bneednt cant表示“不能”,語(yǔ)氣Cmay not Dwill not 【解讀】A考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法；劇烈；26 2022福建卷 Teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. Anot allow 27 / 39 Bdo not allow Cmustnt allow Dcouldnt allow 【解讀】 A 考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣；句意為：老師們建議：

51、為了孩子們 的 安 全 , 父 母 不 應(yīng) 讓12 歲 以 下 的 孩 子 騎 自 行 車 去 學(xué) 校 ；recommend 意為 “建議”,其后接的賓語(yǔ)從句采納虛擬語(yǔ)氣,從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 “should動(dòng)詞原形 ”的形式, should 可以省略；27 2022 天津卷 Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed ,he arrived half an hour early. Aneednt Bwouldnt Cmustnt Dcouldnt 【解讀】 A neednt have done 本沒有必要做某事,實(shí)際上做了；28 2022重 慶

52、卷 You _ park here. Its an emergency exit. Awouldnt Bneednt Ccouldnt Dmustnt 【解讀】D 考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析；由句意“這里是緊急出口”,可知此處不答應(yīng)停車,所以用 mustnt 表示“禁止,不許 ”；29 2022北京卷 Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.Ah ,good morning. You _be Mrs. Peters. 28 / 39 Amight B must C would D

53、 can 【解讀】B 此題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；依據(jù)句子意思“你確定是Mrs. Peters 可知用 must 來表示確定估計(jì)；30 2022 山東卷 I _ have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams. Ashouldnt B neednt C couldnt D mustnt 【解讀】 Ashouldnt have done意為“本不應(yīng)當(dāng)做但實(shí)際已經(jīng)做了 表達(dá)懊悔的心情 ” 1 2022濰坊第一次模擬 Why didnAlex attend the party yesterday evening.He_not have wanted to

54、 see me. Ashould Bmight Ccould Dwould 解讀：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；語(yǔ)意：他可能不想來見我；might have done 表示對(duì)過去一種不太確定的估計(jì)；答案：B 22022 青島市模擬 May I tell this to my close friend. No ,you_.Never let anybody else know about it.Aneednt Bshouldnt29 / 39 Cmustnt Dcan t表 t ”可知選 C,mustn 解讀：由“決不行以讓其他任何人知道示“不答應(yīng),不行以 ”,語(yǔ)氣劇烈；答案：C Mum,I am feelin

55、g tired and 3 2022杭州市教學(xué)檢測(cè)sleepy now.You_so late last night. Acouldnt have stayed upBmustnt have stayed upCshouldnt have stayed upDneednt have stayed up解讀：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞； shouldnt have stayed up 原來不該熬夜；couldnt have stayed up 不行能熬夜； needn t have stayed up本沒有必要熬夜；依據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知本句是母親批評(píng)孩子昨晚熬夜了,應(yīng)選 C項(xiàng)；答案：C 42022 南通一模 Shop

56、ping online can save much time as you_go to a shop or walk around crowded shopping centers.Adon t have to Boughtnt to30 / 39 Cwon t Dmustnt解讀：此題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；句意為：由于不必去商店或者擁擠的購(gòu)物中心,網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物能夠節(jié)約大量時(shí)間；依據(jù)句意,應(yīng)選 A；答案：A 52022 青島市聯(lián)合模擬 Everyone in my class passed the exam.Oh,really ？It _difficult. Acan t have been Bneedn

57、t have beenCmust be Dmightnt be解讀：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；對(duì)過去進(jìn)行估計(jì),表示“肯定不 ”應(yīng)使用 can have done；語(yǔ)意： 我們班上每個(gè)人都通過了考試；哦,真的嗎？那題目肯定不難；答案：A 62022 濟(jì)寧市第一次聯(lián)考 Did you punish him for losing your digital camera.Yes,but I dont think I_.Ashould do that Cought have done that Bneed to have done so Dshould have done so 解讀：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法；句意為：他

58、把你的數(shù)碼相機(jī)弄丟了,你懲罰他了嗎？是的；但我現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為當(dāng)時(shí)我不應(yīng)當(dāng) 31 / 39 這樣做； shouldnt have done sth.意為“ 過去不應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事,但實(shí)際上已做了 ”；此處否定發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)移；答案：D 72022 合肥其次次教學(xué)檢測(cè) It _be really cold in Novermber in Hefei though we usually have warm and sunny days.Ashould Bwill Cmust Dcan 解讀：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞； can 可表示常有的行為和情形,意為“有時(shí)會(huì),時(shí)而可能”；句意為：盡管合肥十一月的時(shí)候常常很暖和,但有時(shí)候可能會(huì)

59、很冷；依據(jù)語(yǔ)意選 D 項(xiàng)；答案：D 8 2022陜 西 西 安 分 科 質(zhì) 檢 The well-dressed lady was caught stealing in the fashion shop.Strangely enough , she _have done such a thing.Awould Bmust Cshould Dmight 解讀：依據(jù)題干中的 Strangely enough 可知,這里應(yīng)當(dāng)用should ,表示驚奇,可譯為 “竟然”；答案：C 32 / 39 9 2022浙江嘉興摸底 Mary score on the test is the highest in

60、 her class.Really ？She _have studied very hard. Amay Bought to 本Cmust Dshould 解讀：may have done 可能已經(jīng) ；ought to have done 應(yīng)當(dāng) ；must have done 肯定曾 ,肯定已經(jīng) ；should have done 本應(yīng)當(dāng) ；句意為： 瑪麗的考試成果是全班最高的；真的嗎？她肯定很努力了；答案：C 安徽皖南八校其次次聯(lián)考When shall we meet 102022your cousin at the station.His plane took off 2 hours ag