2022-2023學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit3Gettingalongwithothers語(yǔ)法精講3關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句課件牛津譯林版必修第一冊(cè)

1、語(yǔ)法精講關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句1.限制性定語(yǔ)從句概述：在復(fù)合句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾主句或主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句是定語(yǔ)從句的分支。限制性定語(yǔ)從句表現(xiàn)為在意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，若省略，所修飾主句的內(nèi)容就不完整或失去意義，和主句的關(guān)系十分密切，不可用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。先行詞是被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的名詞或代詞；關(guān)系詞是引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞，并代替先行詞在從句中作一定的句子成分。構(gòu)成：2定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞及關(guān)系代詞先行詞是定語(yǔ)從句修飾和限定的成分，從構(gòu)成上而言，它可以是名詞、代詞、名詞性短語(yǔ)和整個(gè)主句；從句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和整個(gè)主句。關(guān)系代詞及其具體功

2、用：關(guān)系代詞指代的先行詞在從句中所作的成分who指人主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)whom指人賓語(yǔ)whose指人或物定語(yǔ)which指物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)that指人或物主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)God helps those who/that help themselves.上帝幫助自強(qiáng)的人。This is the factory which/that we once visited.這是我們?cè)?jīng)參觀過(guò)的工廠。There came a lot of children, most of whom I didnt know.來(lái)了許多孩子，大多數(shù)我都不認(rèn)識(shí)。Thats the man whose house has burn

3、ed down.那就是那個(gè)房屋被燒毀的人。誤區(qū)警示(1)在定語(yǔ)從句中作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)或介詞后用whom，不用who，口語(yǔ)中whom前無(wú)介詞時(shí)可用that或who代替。(2)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通?？梢允÷?。The man (whom/who/that) you saw just now is our manager.你剛才看見(jiàn)的男子是我們的經(jīng)理。(3)whose既可以指人也可以指物，既可以說(shuō)“某人的”，也可以說(shuō)“某物的”。I dont want to pay for the book whose cover is lost.我不想為這本沒(méi)有封面的書(shū)付款。即學(xué)即練1觀察定語(yǔ)從句體會(huì)其作用1Do

4、 you know the man that/who is waiting outside?2He showed me the photos (that/which he took on his trip to Xian3Simon is the poor man whose car has been stolen例句1中的黑體詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作_，不可省略。例句2中的黑體詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作_，可以省略。例句3中的黑體詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作_。找出下列定語(yǔ)從句中的先行詞Is this the book which your father bought for you？_Who is the man th

5、at is speaking to your mother？_They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down._主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)the bookthe manthe man用定語(yǔ)從句合并句子This is the house. Lu Xun once lived in the house.This is the house _The boy is Tom. The boy is studying in the classroom.The boy _ is Tom.單句語(yǔ)法填空Do you know everyone _ came

6、 to the party?No, I dont know the one _ you had a long talk with.I admire my classmates _ English is good.The report _ will be given tomorrow is important to us.that/which Lu Xun once lived inthat/who is studying in the classroomwho/thatwhom/who/thatwhosewhich/that3關(guān)系代詞that與which的區(qū)別用that而不用which的情況(

7、1)先行詞是不定代詞或被不定代詞修飾。(2)先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或被其修飾。(3)先行詞前有the very, the only等修飾。(4)先行詞既有人也有物。(5)先行詞前有疑問(wèn)代詞which時(shí)。(6)there be句型中，句子的主語(yǔ)是先行詞而且又是指物的名詞。(7)先行詞為主句的表語(yǔ)或關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)。用which的情況(1)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。(先行詞和后面的定語(yǔ)從句被逗號(hào)隔開(kāi))Paper-cutting, which is a traditional art form in our country, dates from the Han Dynasty.剪紙可追溯到

8、漢朝，它是我們國(guó)家的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式。(2)在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，且介詞位于關(guān)系代詞前時(shí)。This is the book for which I paid five dollars.這就是我花5美元買(mǎi)的那本書(shū)。學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法(定語(yǔ)從句)時(shí)，我們不要為太多的規(guī)則所累，要學(xué)會(huì)抓住其核心知識(shí)，如關(guān)系代詞that和which的區(qū)別，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，that的用法多于which，因此我們只要謹(jǐn)記which的特殊用法，自然就不會(huì)用錯(cuò)。即學(xué)即練2單句語(yǔ)法填空Is there anything _ I can do for you?I like the very method _ she uses to l

9、earn English.Who was the woman _ you were talking with?Maybe you have a habit _ is driving your family crazy.In the end, she decided to sell the house _ windows were almost all broken.This is the most interesting story _ I have ever read.thatthatthatthat/whichwhosethatIm really interested in all _ y

10、ou have said.Here is the book about _ I told you yesterday.When people talk about the cities of China, the first _ comes into their mind is Beijing.Tom has the good qualities of kindness and honesty, _ is what his parents expect.thatwhichthatwhich【隨堂自測(cè)】語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練1There are species (物種) _ are disappearing

11、every day.2They also had a small pond in _ they raised fish.3On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _ gives off light in the dark.4They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.5And Ive found that the possibilities _ lie within books are l

12、imitless.thatwhichthat/whichwho/thatthat6With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid _ would enjoy public speaking.7For example, there are huge amounts of reference books _ I am often confused to choose from.8. Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl _ mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.9Kate,