2022年考研考博-考博英語-大連理工大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號56

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-大連理工大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題The direction were so（ ） that it was impossible to complete the assignment.問題1選項(xiàng)A.ingeniousB.ambitiousC.notoriousD.ambiguous【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ingenious “有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的”；ambitious “有野心的”；notorious “臭名昭著的”；ambiguous “模糊不清的”。句

2、意：指示太模糊了，不可能完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。2.單選題Out of （ ）revenge, he did his worst to blacken her character and ruin her reputation.問題1選項(xiàng)A.perfectB.totalC.sheerD.integral【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。Perfect “完美的”；total “全部的”；sheer “絕對的；純粹的”；integral “完整的”。句意：純粹是出于報復(fù)，他拼命詆毀她的人品，毀壞她的名譽(yù)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。3.單選題It only takes a （ ） of a sec

3、ond for the computer to do the calculation which a humanwill spend days to do.問題1選項(xiàng)A.fictionB.reductionC.functionD.fraction【答案】D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fiction “小說”；reduction “減少，下降”；function “功能”；fraction “小部分”。句意：電腦只需要一會就完成了人類需要幾天才能完成的運(yùn)算。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。4.單選題Many tourist were （ ） by the citys complicated tra

4、ffic system.問題1選項(xiàng)A.degradedB.bewilderedC.evokedD.diverted【答案】B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。degrade “貶低”；bewilder “使迷惑”；evoke “引起，喚起”；divert “轉(zhuǎn)移”。句意：許多游客被這復(fù)雜的交通難住了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。5.單選題The New Testament was not only written in the Greek language, but ideas derived from Greek philosophy were （ ） in many parts of it.問題1選項(xiàng)A.cr

5、iticizedB.incorporatedC.summonedD.translated【答案】B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。criticize “批評”；incorporate “包含；合并”；summon “召喚，召集”；translate “翻譯，轉(zhuǎn)化”。句意：新約不僅是用希臘文寫的，而且它其中許多部分吸收了源于希臘哲學(xué)的思想。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。6.單選題There is no easy solution to Japans labour （ ）問題1選項(xiàng)A.declineB.rarityC.vacancyD.shortage【答案】D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。decline “下降”；ra

6、rity “罕見”；vacancy “空缺，空白”； shortage “短缺”。句意：日本勞動力短缺的問題不容易解決。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。7.單選題The television（ ） between the two candidates will be held on Sunday.問題1選項(xiàng)A.argumentB.debateC.discussionD.dispute【答案】B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。argument “論證，論據(jù)”；debate “辯論，爭論”；discussion “討論”；dispute “爭吵”。句意：兩位候選人的電視辯論將在周日舉行。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。8.單選題The

7、 directions were so （ ）that it was impossible to complete the assignment.問題1選項(xiàng)A.ingeniousB.ambitiousC.notoriousD.ambiguous【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ingenious “機(jī)靈的”；ambitious “有野心的”；notorious “臭名昭著的”；ambiguous “模糊不清的”。句意：說明內(nèi)容模糊不清，因此無法完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。9.單選題People who live in small towns often seem more friendl

8、y than those who living in（ ）populated areas.問題1選項(xiàng)A.thicklyB.denselyC.heavilyD.keenly【答案】B【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。thickly “厚地，濃地”；densely “濃密地，密集地”；heavily “沉重地，猛烈地”；keenly “敏銳地，強(qiáng)烈地”。句意：生活在小城鎮(zhèn)的人往往看起來比生活在人口密集地區(qū)的人友善。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。10.單選題The police arrested the wrong man mainly because they （ ） the names they had been g

9、iven by the witness.問題1選項(xiàng)A.perplexedB.bewilderedC.confusedD.puzzled【答案】C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A、B、D的賓語都是人，所以均不符合題意。confuse the names “把名字弄混”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。11.單選題The word conservation has a thrifty （節(jié)儉）meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others

10、 may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “l(fā)imitless” and “inexhaustible”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations

11、 knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific for

12、estry was a new idea; timber was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands, soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-terms climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of

13、 the meaning that it has for us today.For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyones daily life. To know about the water table （水位）in the ground is just as import

14、ant to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds （上游源頭森林地帶集水區(qū)）need to the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be

15、taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of mans fellow creatures on this planet is figured out only in square measure of surface but also in cubit volume above the earth. In brief, it should be o

16、ur goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.1.The authors attitude towards the current situation in the exploitation of natural resources is（ ） .2.According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that（ ） .3.It can be inferred from the third paragraph tha

17、t earlier generations didnt realize（ ） .4.To avoid correcting the mistake of our forefathers, the author suggests that （ ）.5.Whats the best title for the passage?問題1選項(xiàng)A.positiveB.neutralC.suspiciousD.critical問題2選項(xiàng)A.they had no idea about scientific forestryB.they had little or no sense of environmen

18、tal protectionC.they were not aware of the significance of nature studyD.they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials問題3選項(xiàng)A.the interdependence of water, soil, and living thingsB.the importance of the proper use of landC.the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floodsD.the value of

19、 the beauty of nature問題4選項(xiàng)A.we plant more treesB.natural science be taught to everybodyC.environmental education be directed toward everyoneD.we return to nature問題5選項(xiàng)A.Our Forefathers Big MistakeB.Improve the Living ConditionsC.Protection of Our ResourcesD.Lead a Simple Life【答案】第1題:D第2題:B第3題:D第4題:B第

20、5題:C【解析】1.文章第一段第三句most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “l(fā)imitless” and “inexhaustible” 提到很多人直到現(xiàn)在還愚蠢地以為那些資源是取之不盡用之不竭的，從 foolish這個單詞可知作者對此持批判態(tài)度。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。2.文章第二段主要講述由于幾十年前林業(yè)科學(xué)還是一門沒有普及的學(xué)科，使得我們的祖先們沒有好好保護(hù)環(huán)境。四個選項(xiàng)中，A, C, D三個選項(xiàng)可以歸納為當(dāng)時的人還沒有環(huán)保意識，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。3.文章第三段最

21、后一句話In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can 提到我們應(yīng)該把保存自然原始的美作為目標(biāo)，由此推斷我們的祖先當(dāng)時沒有把這個當(dāng)成目標(biāo)，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。4.文章最后一段使用了多次 we need to know, we need to be taught 等，可知作者提倡使用教育的方法來提高人們的科學(xué)知識。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。5.文章反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào) conserve, conservation 這兩個詞，可知作者所要表達(dá)的中心思想便是保護(hù)環(huán)境資源。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

22、12.單選題The long years of food shortage in this country have suddenly given way to apparent abundance. Stores and shops are choked with food. Rationing (定量供應(yīng))is virtually suspended, and overseas suppliers have been asked to hold back deliveries. Yet, instead of joy, there is widespread uneasiness and

23、confusion. Why do food prices keep on rising, when there seems to be so much more food about? Is the abundance only temporary, or has it come to stay? Does it mean that we need to think less now about producing more food at home? No one knows what to expect.The recent growth of export surpluses on t

24、he world food market has certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests. North America is now being followed by a third. Most of Britains overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this year and home production has also risen.But the eff

25、ect of all this on the food situation in this country has been made worse by a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frighte

26、ned by high prices, are buying less of it.Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices have begun to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than the home-produced variety. And now grain prices, too, are falling. Consumers

27、 are beginning to ask why they should not be enabled to benefit from this trend.The significance of these developments is not lost on farmers. The older generation has seen it all happen before. Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap

28、 food imports and a shrinking home market. Present production is running at 51 percent above pre-war levels, and the government has called for an expansion to 60 percent by 1956; but repeated Ministerial advice is carrying little weight and the expansion program is not working very well.1.Why is the

29、re “wide-spread uneasiness and confusion about the food situation in Britain?”2.The main reason for the rise in food prices is that（ ） .3. Why didnt the governments expansion program work very well?4.The decrease in world food price was a result of （ ）.5.What did the future look like for Britains fo

30、od production at the time this article was written?問題1選項(xiàng)A.The abundant food supply is not expected to last.B.Britain is importing less food.C.Despite the abundance, food prices keep rising.D.Britain will cut back on its production of food.問題2選項(xiàng)A.people are buying less foodB.the government is providi

31、ng less financial support for agricultureC.domestic food production has decreasedD.imported food is driving prices higher問題3選項(xiàng)A.Because the farmers were uncertain about the financial support the government guaranteedB.Because the farmers were uncertain about the benefits of expanding production.C.Be

32、cause the farmers were uncertain about whether foreign markets could be found for their produceD.Because the older generation of farmer were strongly against the programmer.問題4選項(xiàng)A.a sharp fall in the purchasing power of the consumers.B.a sharp fall in the cost of food productionC.the overproduction

33、of food in the food-importing countriesD.the overproduction on the part of the main food-exporting countries問題5選項(xiàng)A.The fall in world food prices would benefit British food producers.B.An expansion of food production was at hand.C.British food producers would receive more government financial support

34、.D.It looks depressing despite government guarantees.【答案】第1題:C第2題:B第3題:A第4題:D第5題:D【解析】1.文章第一段Why do food prices keep on rising, when there seems to be so much more food about? 提到人們對于為什么糧食多了價格卻依然持續(xù)上漲表示擔(dān)憂，所以可以看出人們感到不安和困惑的原因是食物充足但是價格卻在上漲，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。2.文章第三段a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to

35、 the gradual cutting down of government support for food提到食物價格增長的主要原因是政府逐漸減少了對食物的支持。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。3.文章最后一段Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be squeezed between cheap food imports and a shrinking home market 提到盡管目前的價格還有市場保證，但是農(nóng)民依舊擔(dān)心他們將被擠壓在廉價的進(jìn)口食品和一個萎縮的國內(nèi)市場中，所以可

36、以推斷農(nóng)民對于這樣的保證是不信任的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。4.文章第二段The recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests 提到國際食物市場貿(mào)易順差的增加非常大，貿(mào)易順差說明出口多余進(jìn)口，由此可知是國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)增加使得出口加大，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。5.文章最后一句but repeated Ministerial advice

37、is carrying little weight and the expansion program is not working very well 提到部長重復(fù)的建議沒有什么作用，擴(kuò)張計(jì)劃進(jìn)行的不怎么好，由此可知，這個前景是令人擔(dān)憂的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。13.單選題The Prime Minister refused to （ ）on the rumor that he had planned to resign.問題1選項(xiàng)A.explainB.commentC.remarkD.talk【答案】B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。explain “說明，解釋”；comment “評論”；remar

38、k “評論”； talk “談話”。句意：首相拒絕就關(guān)于他計(jì)劃辭職的傳言發(fā)表看法。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。14.單選題The presidential candidate（ ） his position by winning several primary elections.問題1選項(xiàng)A.consolidatedB.intensifiedC.enforcedD.enriched【答案】A【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。consolidate “鞏固；intensify “使加強(qiáng)”；enforce “實(shí)施”；enrich “使充實(shí)”。句意：這位總統(tǒng)候選人贏得了最初的機(jī)場選舉從而鞏固了自己的地位。15.單選題

39、We were pleased to note that the early delivery didnt （ ） to the traffic jam of thebusy city.問題1選項(xiàng)A.aidB.amountC.addD.attribute【答案】C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。aid “援助，幫助”；amount “總計(jì)，合計(jì)”；add “增加”；attribute “歸屬，把歸于”。句意：我們很高興發(fā)現(xiàn)早發(fā)貨并沒有給繁忙的城市增添交通擁堵。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。16.單選題Ours is a society that tries to keep the world sharply di

40、vided into masculine and feminine, not because that is the way the world is, but because that is the way we believe it should be. It takes unwavering belief and considerable effort to keep this division. It also leads us to make some fairly foolish judgments, particularly about language.Because we t

41、hink that language also should be divided into masculine and feminine we have become very skilled at ignoring anything that will not fit our preconceptions. We would rather change what we hear than change our ideas about the gender division of the world. We will call assertive girls unfeminine, and

42、supportive boys effeminate, and try to change them while still retaining our stereotypes of masculine and feminine talk.This is why some research on sex differences and language has been so interesting. It is an illustration of how wrong we can be. Of the many investigators who set out to find the s

43、tereotyped sex differences in language, few have had any positive results. It deems that our images of serious taciturn （沉默的）male speakers and gossipy garrulous （饒舌的）female speakers are just that: images.Many myths associated with masculine and feminine talk have had to be discarded as more has been

44、 undertaken. If females do use more trivial words than males, stop talking in d-sentence, or talk about the same things over and over again, they do not do it when investigators are around.None of these characteristics of female speech have been found. And even when sex differences have been found,

45、the question arises as to whether the difference is in the eye-or ear-of the beholder, rather than in the language.Pitch provides one example. We believe that males were meant to talk in low pitched voices while females in high pitched voices. We also believe that low pitch is more desirable. Well,

46、it has been found that this difference cannot be explained by anatomy.If males do not speak in high pitched voices, it is not usually because they are unable to do is more likely to be that there are penalties. Males with high pitched voices are the object of ridicule. But pitch is not an absolute,

47、for what is considered the right pitch for males varies from country to country.1.The passage implies that the authors attitude towards the division of feminine talk andmasculine talk is（ ） .2.What does the word “effeminate” (Para 2) mean?3.The author uses pitch as an example in order to indicate（ ）

48、 .4.Which of the following does NOT belong to the stereotype of feminine talk?5.Males do not speak loudly because （ ）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.assertiveB.snobbishC.approvingD.critical問題2選項(xiàng)A.UnfeminineB.PowerfulC.ObedientD.Unmasculine問題3選項(xiàng)A.that pitch is not a good example to explain the sex difference in languageB.th

49、at males should talk in low pitched voices and females in high pitched voicesC.that sex differences in language cannot be well illustratedD.that sex differences lies in eye of ear of the beholder, rather than in the language問題4選項(xiàng)A.Always using trivial wordsB.Repeat the same thing over and overC.Stop

50、 talking when the sentence is not finishedD.None of the above問題5選項(xiàng)A.males are unable to do soB.males are afraid of being laughed atC.high pitch is a characteristic of female speech rather than male speechD.anatomy has proved that males tend to have lower pitches than females【答案】第1題:D第2題:D第3題:C第4題:D第

51、5題:B【解析】1.文章第一段最后一句話It also leads us to make some fairly foolish judgments, particularly about language，作者認(rèn)為男性化與女性化的區(qū)分會導(dǎo)致我們做一些愚蠢的判斷，所以可知作者對這種男性化談話與女性化談話的區(qū)分是持批判態(tài)度的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。2.題干中的 effeminate意思是“柔弱的；沒有男子漢氣概的”，四個選項(xiàng)中選項(xiàng)D符合題意。unfeminine “不溫柔的”；powerful “有力量的”；obedient “順從的”。3.文章最后一段最后一句話but pitch is not an

52、 absolute, for what is considered the right pitch for males varies from country to country 提到每個國家男性的音調(diào)都是不同的，因此音調(diào)并不能用來判斷性別之間的語言區(qū)別。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。4.文章第四段If females do use more trivial words than males, stop talking in d-sentence, or talk about the same things over and over again, they do not do it when inves

53、tigators are around提到了女性的一些行為，由此可知選項(xiàng)A、B、C都屬于人們對女性的刻板印象，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。5.文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話Males with high pitched voices are the object of ridicule提到如果男性用高音調(diào)說話會成為人家的笑柄，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。17.翻譯題E-mail is now one the fastest ways to gain or lose potential customers because of the ability to deliver information fast to an

54、 enormous amount of people. After sending a small you are no longer in control of the effects of the message and can only wait in suspense.An employee of your company started off his/her day in a bad mood. A potential customer emails them with a trivial question and they reply with a brash （無禮的）tone

55、. Do you think the recipient will use your company? On the Internet word travels fast. It takes me 3 minutes to send email to 50-100 people. Therefore your company can lose 100 current or potential customers with the brash email sent out by your employee. This can happen in a matter of minutes. Spea

56、king from personal experience I sent out what I considered a helpful message concerning a version the Internet. One person thought it was quite annoying because they knew that some of these messages are merely hoaxes （惡作?。? The message I received, without a doubt, shot lightning ballistic me. What d

57、id I do? I apologized. I visited their site to see what kind of business they were in all. I knew that if someone had ever asked me to give them information about products relating to what they sold, I would most likely say, do not use “this company”.I find that it is most helpful to search newsgrou

58、ps for my company name to see if good or bad things are being said about me. Try searching for Microsoft or Netscape and see what results are presented to you. Remember newsgroups are simply meeting places on the Internet where people exchange information. Most people know that the best business com

59、es from word of mouth or “word of email.”Back to the story. After I sent my apology I received a reply the next day stating that they were sorry for what they had said. Problem solved. I now do not have a problem recommending that company to a friend. On some occasion a brash answer is responded to

60、with a blush reply. Those are the lucky ones. Be careful, there are many vindictive (報復(fù)性的) people will reply to brashness by breaking into your entire site and demonstrating how angry they are with you. I cannot and will not try to break into someones website but people who are more knowledgeable ca