2022年考研考博-考博英語-燕山大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號2

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-燕山大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題Peter had his piano _ yesterday and the result is excellent.問題1選項A.tunedB.turnedC.tiedD.wound【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項tuned“（為樂器）調(diào)音，校音”；B選項turned“（使）轉(zhuǎn)動，旋轉(zhuǎn)”；C選項tied“（用線、繩等）系，拴”；D選項wound“使（身體）受傷，（用武器）傷害”。句意：彼得昨天請人給鋼琴_，結(jié)

2、果很好。根據(jù)語境，這里A選項tuned“（為樂器）調(diào)音”搭配鋼琴比較合理，意思是請人給鋼琴調(diào)音以后，鋼琴彈出來的效果就很好了，符合題意。因此A選項正確。2.單選題Calculations which are astronomically exact have been made _ with the use of computers.問題1選項A.possibleB.it possibleC.possiblyD.to be possible【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查句子成分。句意：計算機的使用使天文學上精確的計算成為可能。句子主干是Calculations have been made

3、 _，根據(jù)短語make sth.+adj.還原短語為made calculations +adj.，確定橫線處填形容詞作calculations的賓補，A選項possible符合題意。B選項it possible中it多余，C選項possibly是副詞，D選項to be possible是不定式。因此A選項正確。3.單選題Yesterday was such a _ day we decided to go for a drive.問題1選項A.gloriousB.dynamicalC.avenueD.invitation【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項glorious“（天

4、氣）熱的，晴朗的”；B選項dynamical“有生氣的”；C選項avenue“（城鎮(zhèn)的）大街”；D選項invitation“邀請”。句意：昨天天氣_，我們決定開車去玩。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是天氣適宜出門玩耍，A選項glorious“（天氣）熱的，晴朗的”符合題意。因此A選項正確。4.單選題She can speak French and German, to _ nothing of English.問題1選項A.sayB.speakC.talkD.tell【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項say nothing of“更不用說”；其余選項非固定搭配。句意：她會說法語和德語，英語

5、就_。因此A選項正確。5.單選題He _ to his roommate for being so rude yesterday.問題1選項A.apologizedB.dissolvedC.worriedD.doubted【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項apologized“道歉”；B選項dissolved“溶解；解散（(組織或機構(gòu))”；C選項worried“擔心”；D選項doubted“懷疑”。句意：他昨天太粗魯了，所以向室友_。根據(jù)語境，因為粗魯而道歉比較合理，A選項apologized“道歉”符合題意。因此A選項正確。6.單選題Rock music usually _

6、the young people in most countries.問題1選項A.applies toB.appeals toC.amazesD.actress【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項applies to“適用于；向提出申請”；B選項appeals to“呼吁；要求；對有吸引力”；C選項amazes“使吃驚”；D選項actress“女演員”。句意：搖滾樂通常_大多數(shù)國家的年輕人。根據(jù)語境，這里B選項appeals to“對有吸引力”搭配young people比較合理，意思指年輕人喜歡搖滾樂。因此B選項正確。7.單選題Until the 1980s, the Ame

7、rican homeless population comprised mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U.S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children g

8、ather in inner cities; this transient (變化無常的) and frequently frightened student population creates additional problemsboth legal and educationalfor already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewis

9、e, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis. But the National Coalition for the Homele

10、ss estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway” youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School Ce

11、nter in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that address

12、es the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.1. It is implied in the first paragraph that _.2. The National Coalition for the Homeless believes that the

13、 number of homeless children is _.3. One part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate. The reason might well be _.4. The McKinney Act is mentioned in this passage in order to show that _.5. The passage mainly deals with _.問題1選項A.there is a serious shortage of academic facilities.B.homele

14、ss children are denied the opportunity of receiving free education.C.the writer himself is homeless, even in his eighties.D.many older homeless residents are going on strike in 25 cities.問題2選項A.440,000B.110,000C.350,000D.1,500,000問題3選項A.the homeless children usually stay outside schoolB.some homeles

15、s children are deserted by their familiesC.the homeless children are too young be counted as childrenD.the homeless population is growing rapidly問題4選項A.the address of grade school children should be locatedB.all homeless people are entitled to free educationC.the educational problems of homeless chi

16、ldren are being recognizedD.the estimates on homeless children are hard to determine問題5選項A.the social status of older malesB.estimates on the homeless populationC.the legal problems of the homeless childrenD.the educational problems of homeless children【答案】第1題:A第2題:A第3題:B第4題:C第5題:D【解析】1.【試題答案】A【試題解析

17、】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句this transient and frequently frightened student population creates additional problemsboth legal and educationalfor already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.（這些四處流浪、飽受驚嚇的學生群體給已經(jīng)不堪重負的城市教學和教學管理帶來了法律和教育方面的額外麻煩。），可知第一段表達的是城市教學負擔不起那么多學生，A選項“教學設(shè)施嚴重短缺”正確。B選項“無家可歸的孩子被剝奪

18、了接受免費教育的機會”，C選項“即使到了八十多歲，作者自己依然無家可歸”和D選項“許多無家可歸的老人正在25個城市舉行罷工”文中沒有提到，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。2.【試題答案】A【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第三、四句there are 220,000 homeless school-age childrenBut the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children（美國有22萬無家可歸的學齡兒童但全國無家可歸者援助聯(lián)盟估

19、計,至少有兩倍的無家可歸的孩子），可知A選項“44萬”正確；B選項“11萬”，C選項“35萬”和D選項“150萬”錯誤。因此A選項正確。3.【試題答案】B【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway” youths who have been cast of their homesmany of whom are not counted as children because they do not s

20、tay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.（在無家可歸的人口中，有一部分特別難以統(tǒng)計，那就是被拋棄的青少年其中許多人沒有被算作兒童，因為他們沒有住在家庭庇護所，往往自己在街上生活。），所以B選項“有的無家可歸的孩子被他們的家人遺棄”正確。A選項“無家可歸的孩子通常呆在學校外面”，C選項“無家可歸的孩子還太小，不能算孩子”和D選項“無家可歸的人口正在迅速增長”文中沒有提到。因此B選項正確。4.【試題答案】C【試題解析】語義推測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Federal law, the Stewart B.

21、McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.（1987年的聯(lián)邦法律斯圖爾特B麥金尼無家可歸者救助法案中有一部分專

22、門針對無家可歸兒童的教育需求。麥金尼法案的教育條款是基于這樣一種信念，即所有無家可歸的兒童都有權(quán)利接受免費、合適的教育。），可知無家可歸兒童的教育問題受到社會關(guān)注，C選項“越來越多人意識到無家可歸兒童的教育問題”正確；A選項“小學兒童應(yīng)該被安置下來”和B選項“所有無家可歸的人都有權(quán)接受免費教育”是法案的部分內(nèi)容，不是表達的重點。D選項“無家可歸兒童的估計數(shù)量很難確定”：在這一段沒有體現(xiàn)。因此C選項正確。5.【試題答案】D【試題解析】主旨大意題。文章第一段提出無家可歸的兒童沒有足夠的教育資源，第二、三段講無家可歸的兒童的教育和生活狀況，第四段講法律幫助這些兒童，所以整篇文章在講無家可歸的兒童的教

23、育問題，D選項“無家可歸兒童的教育問題”正確。A選項“年長男性的社會地位”：只有在文章第一句出現(xiàn)以引出下文。B選項“對無家可歸人口數(shù)量的估計”和C選項“無家可歸兒童的法律問題”：是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不足以概括全文。因此D選項正確。8.單選題He was completely _ by her story of hardship.問題1選項A.taken awayB.taken downC.taken upD.taken in【答案】D【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項taken away“拿走”；B選項taken down“（從高處）取下；拆除；記下”；C選項taken up“開始從事；著

24、手處理；接受（建議或挑戰(zhàn)）”；D選項taken in“收留；欺騙”。句意：他完全被她艱難困苦的故事_。根據(jù)語境，這里表達的是他被她欺騙了，D選項taken in“收留；欺騙”符合題意。因此D選項正確。9.單選題He is _ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics.問題1選項A.optimisticB.optionalC.outstandingD.obvious【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項optimistic“樂觀的”；B選項optional“可選擇的”；C選項outstanding“優(yōu)秀的；重

25、要的”；D選項obvious“明顯的”。句意：他對自己在奧運會上贏得金牌的機率持_態(tài)度。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是對能否贏得金牌的預(yù)測，A選項optimistic“樂觀的”符合題意。因此A選項正確。10.單選題The computer revolution may well change society as _ as did the Industrial Revolution.問題1選項A.fundamentallyB.comparativelyC.certainlyD.insignificantly【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項fundamentally“根本地”；B選項co

26、mparatively“相對地”；C選項certainly“無疑地”；D選項insignificantly“無關(guān)緊要地”。句意：計算機革命很可能像工業(yè)革命一樣_改變社會。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是計算機革命和工業(yè)革命一樣對社會的影響重大，A選項fundamentally“根本地”符合題意。題干中提到計算機革命很可能會改變社會，C選項certainly“無疑地”錯誤。因此A選項正確。11.單選題His _ has changed but he has kept the fine qualities of a scientific researcher.問題1選項A.stateB.statusC.sta

27、tionD.statue【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查定語從句。A選項state“情形，狀態(tài)”；B選項status“社會地位；（進展的）狀況，情形”；C選項station“（舊時）（正式）社會地位；站，所”；D選項statue“雕像”。句意：他的_改變了，但仍保持著科研人員的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。根據(jù)語境，這里指他的外在的社會地位變了，但內(nèi)在品質(zhì)沒有改變，加上這是非常生活化的一句話，可知B選項status“社會地位”符合題意。因此B選項正確。12.單選題Dont lose heart! You should _ your courage and overcome the difficult.問題1選項

28、A.pull upB.pluck upC.hold upD.set up【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查短語辨析。A選項pull up“停車；停下；（將椅子）挪近然后坐下”；B選項pluck up“振作；鼓起勇氣；發(fā)動”，pluck up the courage (to do sth.)；C選項hold up“舉起；耽擱；（在逆境中）保持良好狀況”；D選項set up“設(shè)置；成立；創(chuàng)建”。句意：別灰心！你應(yīng)該_勇氣克服困難。根據(jù)語境，這里指要勇敢面對困難，B選項pluck up“振作；鼓起勇氣；發(fā)動”符合題意。因此B選項正確。13.單選題There are _ approaches to E

29、nglish teaching Hut not all of them are equally efficient for our Chinese students.問題1選項A.originateB.diverseC.doubleD.joint【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項originate“起源；創(chuàng)建”；B選項diverse“多種多樣的”；C選項double“兩倍的；成雙的；雙人的”；D選項joint“聯(lián)合的”。句意：英語教學的方法_，但并不是所有的方法對我們的中國學生都同樣有效。根據(jù)不是所有的方法都有效，可知有很多種方法，B選項diverse“多種多樣的”符合題意。因

30、此B選項正確。14.單選題When you take a picture, you should _ carefully to get a sharp picture.問題1選項A.preserveB.fixC.focusD.object【答案】C【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項preserve“保存；維持”；B選項fix“維修；安排”；C選項focus“（使）調(diào)節(jié)焦距；聚焦（于）”；D選項object“反對”。句意：當你拍照時，應(yīng)該仔細_，才能拍出清晰的照片。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是在拍照時要調(diào)整焦距，C選項focus“（使）調(diào)節(jié)焦距”符合題意。因此C選項正確。15.單選題With sc

31、hool leavers and graduates in China now mainly free to _ in the world of work, the number of young people starting up their own business has increased rapidly.問題1選項A.make their own wayB.follow their own pathC.lead a happy lifeD.learn a good lesson【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項make their own way“走出自己的路”；B

32、選項follow their own path“跟隨自己的路”；C選項lead a happy life“通往幸福的生活”；D選項learn a good lesson“功課學得好，好好上一課”。句意：隨著中國的輟學生和畢業(yè)生在工作中基本上可以自由_，自主創(chuàng)業(yè)的年輕人數(shù)量迅速增加。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是這些學生可以自己開創(chuàng)自己的道路，A選項make their own way“走出自己的路”符合題意。因此A選項正確。16.單選題The wreckage of the exploded car _ the traffic.問題1選項A.interferedB.interpretedC.disrup

33、tedD.corrupted【答案】C【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項interfered“妨礙（有損害）”；B選項interpreted“解釋；作口譯”；C選項disrupted“妨礙，擾亂（使維持正常狀態(tài)有難度）”；D選項corrupted“腐化”。句意：汽車爆炸的殘骸_交通。根據(jù)語境，這里指汽車爆炸擾亂了正常交通，C選項disrupted“妨礙，擾亂（使維持正常狀態(tài)有難度）”符合題意。因此C選項正確。17.單選題Everybody _ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.問題1選項A.assembledB.a

34、ccumulatedC.piledD.joined【答案】A【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項assemble“集合”；B選項accumulated“積累”；C選項piled“擁擠”；D選項joined“加入”。句意：大家都_在大廳，接受秘書的歡迎。根據(jù)語境，這里指大家有序地聚集在大廳，A選項assemble“集合”符合題意。因此A選項正確。18.單選題The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _ his arguments in favor of the new theory.問題1選項A.which to base onB.

35、on which to baseC.to be based onD.to base on【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查定語從句。句意：這位教授幾乎找不到足夠的根據(jù)來支持他的新理論。根據(jù)橫線到句尾是對sufficient grounds進行修飾的定語從句，確定用引導(dǎo)詞which；根據(jù)短語base his arguments on these sufficient，確定用介詞on，B選項on which to base正確。A選項which to base on介詞和語序錯誤；C選項to be based on和D選項to base on介詞使用錯誤。因此B選項正確。19.單選題There a

36、re two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has op

37、portunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual-the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The

38、importance of environment in determining an individuals intelligence can be demonstrated by the casehistory of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parent

39、s died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given e

40、very opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identica

41、l brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.1. This selection can best be titled _.2. The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that _.3. According to the passage, the average I.Q. is _.4. The case history of the

42、twins appears to support the conclusion that _.5. This passage suggests that an individuals I.Q. _.問題1選項A.the Case of Peter and MarkB.How the brain influences IntelligenceC.Measuring Your IntelligenceD.Intelligence and Environment問題2選項A.environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligenceB.p

43、ersons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligenceC.human brains differ considerablyD.the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligence問題3選項A.110B.125C.85D.100問題4選項A.lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenceB.changes of environment produce c

44、hanges in the structure of the brainC.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelD.an individuals intelligence is determined only by his environment問題5選項A.can be increased by educationB.is determined by his childhoodC.can be predicted at birthD.stays the same throughout his life【答案】第1

45、題:D第2題:A第3題:D第4題:A第5題:A【解析】1.【試題答案】D【試題解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第四句But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn.（但是，不管一個人的大腦有多好，除非他有機會學習，否則他的智力水平就會很低。），文章第一段提出天生的大腦和成長的環(huán)境決定智力高低，并且后天環(huán)境的影響比天生的因素更重要，隨后在第二段舉出彼得和馬克的案例來證

46、明天生大腦一樣，后天環(huán)境對智力有很大影響，文章表達的重點在于環(huán)境對智力的影響，D選項“智力與環(huán)境”正確。A選項“彼得和馬克的案例”：不足以概括全文。B選項“大腦如何影響智力”和C選項“測量你的智力”：文中沒有具體提到。因此D選項正確。2.【試題答案】A【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第四句But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn.（但是，不管一個人的大腦

47、有多好，除非他有機會學習，否則他的智力水平就會很低。），可知相比于天生的大腦，環(huán)境對個人智力影響更大，A選項“環(huán)境在決定個人智力方面至關(guān)重要”正確，B選項“有相同大腦的人有大致相同的智力”和D選項“大腦天生的因素在決定他的智力方面很重要”錯誤。C選項“人類的大腦差別很大”：文中沒有提到。因此A選項正確。3.【試題答案】D【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brothe

48、r.（馬克的智商是125，比平均水平高25分，比他的同卵兄弟整整高40分。），可知平均智商是100，D選項“100”正確。A選項“110”，B選項“125”和C選項“85”錯誤。因此D選項正確。4.【試題答案】A【試題解析】語義推測題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.（如果機會均等，擁有相同大腦的雙胞胎的測試水平大致相同。），結(jié)合雙胞胎因為環(huán)境不同而智力不同的案例，可知機會的多和少影響他們各自的智力

49、，A選項“缺乏機會阻礙智力的增長”正確。B選項“環(huán)境的變化產(chǎn)生大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的變化”：文中沒有講到環(huán)境對大腦結(jié)構(gòu)的具體改變。C選項“具有相同大腦的個體很少在相同水平上測試”：文中只講了一個案例，不足以得出此結(jié)論。D選項“一個人的智力只由他所處的環(huán)境決定”：文中還提到天生的大腦影響智力。因此A選項正確。5.【試題答案】A【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三句This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure th

50、eir intelligence.（這種環(huán)境差異一直持續(xù)到雙胞胎十八九歲的時候，那時他們接受了測試，以衡量他們的智力。），這種環(huán)境差異指的是受教育的機會和程度，可知教育可以提高智力，A選項“可以通過教育提高”正確。B選項“由童年決定”：這里兩個雙胞胎童年的差距就是教育，A選項更符合題意，而且教育可以在除了童年以外的時期進行。C選項“可以在出生時預(yù)測”和D選項“一生保持不變”：環(huán)境中教育的因素會影響智力，所以智力會因為教育而改變。因此A選項正確。20.單選題This is the military _. Nobody is allowed to get in without permission

51、.問題1選項A.bondB.zoneC.butterD.zoo【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項bond“紐帶”；B選項zone“（有某特色或作用的）地區(qū)”；C選項butter“黃油”；D選項zoo“動物園”。句意：這是軍事_。未經(jīng)允許，任何人不得入內(nèi)。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是不得進入一個區(qū)域，B選項zone“有某特色或作用的）地區(qū)”符合題意。因此B選項正確。21.單選題That is a _ point of view. I dont agree with you.問題1選項A.crystalB.proteinC.unionD.conservative【答案】D【解析】【試題解析

52、】考查詞義辨析。A選項crystal“水晶”；B選項protein“蛋白質(zhì)的”；C選項union“聯(lián)合”；D選項conservative“保守的”。句意：這觀點很_。我不同意你的看法。根據(jù)語境，D選項conservative“保守的”搭配point of view比較合理，意思指這個觀點非常保守，符合題意。因此D選項正確。22.單選題It was a close boxing game, but the boxer in blue was _ to be the winner by three of the four referees.問題1選項A.destinedB.deemedC.doom

53、edD.adapted【答案】B【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項destined“指定”；B選項deemed“認為”；C選項doomed“注定”；D選項adapted“適應(yīng)；改裝”。句意：這是一場勢均力敵的拳擊比賽，但4名裁判中有3名_穿藍衣服的拳擊手獲勝。根據(jù)語境，這里指有三位裁判判穿藍衣服的拳擊手獲勝，B選項deemed“認為”符合題意。因此B選項正確。23.單選題The larger a machine and the more numerous its parts, the greater likelihood of a breakdown and the more expen

54、sive to repair. What has been said about market forces and management was necessarily oversimplified. The economies of modern industrial nations are large and very complex. To be sure, there is management, and there are market forces at work, but there are also many other factors that help or hinder

55、 economic function.In modern industrial societies governments play a large role. There is a great amount of regulation, most of it meant for the protection of the public. All regulations affect the way businesses operate, often increasing their costs and reducing their profits. Lower profits, in tur

56、n, reduce the amount of money which is known as working capital that a company can use for expansion. Auto emission standards, for instance, have had a significant impact on the manufacture and pricing of automobiles. Other government policies such as taxation, budget deficits, and regulation of the

57、 money supply have an effect on how much money is available for people to spend on goods and services.International crises and other conditions also affect the working of an economy. A severe frost in Brazil can ruin a coffee crop and raise the price of that commodity. War can cut off the supply of

58、such resources as petroleum, chromium, or copper. In the United States environmental protests have slowed the development of nuclear energy capacity and the mining of vast tracts of protected land. Weather affects agriculture, a hot, dry summer can damage the wheat crop; floods can destroy thousands

59、 of acres of crops suddenly, and insect pests can devastate cropland with a rapid onslaught.Peoples attitudes also have an impact on the marketing of goods. Health-conscious individuals, for example, may stop smoking, curtail their intake of alcohol, and eat less of certain kinds of food. Advertisin

60、g affects what people buy, and it can create a market where none existed. Style and fashion are significant for many consumers.There are other economic problems that are more difficult to understand. For centuries economies have been subject to periods of prosperity followed by periods of decline. A