最新建筑滅火器配置設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范

1、NATIONAL STANDARDOF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Code for design of extinguisher distribution in buildings建筑滅火器配置設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范GBJ14090NEW WORLD PRESSBeijing 1997NATIONAL STANDARE OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA CODE FOR DESIGN OF EXTINGUISHERDISTRIBUTION IN BUILDINGSGBJ140-90Chief Editorial Depar

2、tment: Ministry of Pubiic Security of the P.R.ChinaApproved Department: Ministry of Construction of the P.R.ChinaDate of Enforcement: August 1, 1991NEW WORLD PRESSBeijing 1997 National Standard of the Peoples Republic of ChinaCODE FOR DESIGN OF EXTINGUISHERDISTRIBUTION IN BUILDINGS =GBJ 140-90 Chief

3、 Formulator: The Ministry of Public Security of PRC Approver: The Ministry of Construction of PRC Effective Date: August 1, 1991China Planning Publishing House1991 BeijingNational Standard of the Peoples Republic of China CODE FOR DESIGN OFEXTINGUISHER DISTRIBUTION IN BUILDINGSGBJ 140-90Formulated b

4、y the Ministry of PublicSecurity of PRCPublished by China Planning Publishing HousePrefaceThis book is the English translation of Code for design of extinguisher distribution in buildings GBJ140-90. It is the official translation of the original in Chinese for general use as examined and approved by

5、 the Department of standards and Norms, Ministry of Construction of the Peoples Republic of China.In the event of any inconsistency between the Chinese-language text of the Code and the present English-language text of the Code, the Chinese-language text shall be taken as ruling .Department of Stand

6、ards and Norms,Ministry ofConstuction of the Peoples Republic of Chinac COPYRIGHT Department of Standards and Norms, Ministry of Construction, the Peoples Republic of China 1997All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any for

7、m or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Ministry of Construction, the Peoples Republic of China. Notice on the Issue of the National StandardCode for Design of Extinguisher Disrtibution in Buildings (90) Jian Biao No. 666 C

8、ode for Design of Extinguisher Distribution in Buildings formulated by the Ministry of Public Security in co-operation with relevant departments in accordance with the requirements of the Notice Ji Zong (1986) No. 2630 of former State Planning Commission has been examined jointly by relevant departm

9、ents. Design Code for Distribution of Fire Extinguishers in Buildings GBJ 140-90 is hereby approved as a national standard, and shall come into effect on the date of August 1, 1991. The Ministry of Public Security is responsible for the management of the Code, Shanghai Fire Research Institute of the

10、 Ministry of Public Security is responsible for the interpretation in detail, and Standard Quotas Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction is responsible for arranging the publication and distribution.December 20, 1990 The Ministry of Construction, P.R.C Note on the Formulation of the Code

11、 The Code was formulated by the Code Formulation Group jointly established by Shanghai Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security and relevant designing organizations, public security departments and production factories, etc. in accordance with the requirements of the Notice Ji Zong

12、 (1986) No. 2630 of former State Planning Commission. During the course of formulation of the Code, in accordance with relevant policies on national capital construction as well as the fire protection principle of putting prevention in the first place and combining prevention with suppression, exten

13、sive investigations were made into the current situation of distribution of fire extinguishers in industrial and civil buildings, the experience of practice in recent years in China was summed up, the esults of extinguishing tests for verifying the ratings of various fire extinguishers, including ha

14、logenated hydrocarbon, dry chemical, carbon dioxide and foam fire extinguishers, were adopted, relevant standards and codes of the United State, England and Australia, etc. were used for reference, and comments from various designing or-ganizations, research institutes, colleges and universities and

15、 end-users in certain provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and those under certain ministries and State commissions were collected. The draft of the Code was discusse and revised several times, and was examined and finalized jointly by departments concerned. The Code consists of six chap

16、ters and six appendices. Its main content includes: general provisions, types of hazards in fire extinguisher distribution areas and ratings of fire extinguishers, selection of fire extinguishers, distribution of fire extinguishers, location and mounting of ire extinguishers, and design calculation

17、of distribution of fire extinguishers, etc. Since the Code is formulated for the first time, it is hoped that various organizations will, in the course of implementation of the Code, seriously sum up their experience in the light of information and data, and make comments and suggestions on the Code

18、. Please send your comments and suggestions together with your information and data by mail to Shanghai Fire Research Institute (address: 601 Zhongshan Road S.2, Shanghai, postal Code: 200032) for reference when the Code is revised.October 1990 The Ministry of Public Security,P.R.CPartial revision p

19、rovisionsPartial revision of the National standards forengineering constructionNotice No.10Parts of the national standard, Code for design of extinguisher distribution in buildings GBJ140-90, have been revised by Shanghai Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security of P.R.China working in

20、 conjunction with other related organizations. This partial revision has been examined by the relevant deartments.Now, aprove the partial revision provisions,and it will be enforcement from sep.1, 1997. Provisions in the unrevised code corresponding to those amended in the revised code are invalid.

21、Now, issue the proclaimation. Ministry of Construction, Peoples Republic of ChinaJUN.24,1997C o n t e n t sChapter I General ProvisionsChapter II Types of Hazards in Fire Extinguisher Distribution Areas and Ratings of Fire Extinguishers Chapter III Selection of Fire Extinguishers Chapter IV Distribu

22、tion of Fire Extinguishers Chapter V Location and Mounting of Fire Extinguishers Section 1 Requirements for Location and Mounting of Fire ExtinguishersSection 2 Travel Distances to Fire Extinguishers Chapter VI Design Calculation of Distribution of Fire Extinguishers Appendix A Explanation Terms App

23、endix B Examples of Types of Hazards in Fire Extinguisher Distribution Areas in Industrial Buildings Appendix C Examples of Types of Hazards in Fire Extinguisher Distribution Areas in Civil BuildingsAppendix D Incompatible Extinguishing Agents Appendix E Service Extinguishers Appendix F Explanation

24、of Words Used in the Code Appendix G Examples of sites where Halon Extinguishers is unnecessarily distributedAppendix H Examples of Equivalent Substitution of Halon ExtinguisherAppended Note Chapter I General Provisions Article 1.0.1 For the purpose of reasonably distributingfire extinguishers, effe

25、ctively suppressing initial fires in industrial and civil buildings, minimizing fire damage and protecting the safety of persons and property, the Code is hereby formulated.Article 1.0.2 The Code applies to new, extended and renovated industrial and civil buildings where combustibles are manufacture

26、d, used or stored. The Code does not apply to factory buildings (warehouses) where gunpowder, explosives, ammunition, priming systems and fireworks are manufactured and stored, and nine-and-less-storey ordinary dwelling houses.Article 1.0.3 The type, size, number and location of fire extinguishers d

27、istributed in a building shall be deemed as the content of building design, and shall be marked on the project designing drawings.Article 1.0.4the design of distribution of fire extinguishers in a building shall also meet the requirements of relevant current standards and codes of China.Chapter II T

28、ypes of Hazards in Fire Extinguisher Distribution Areas and Ratings of Fire ExtinguishersArticle 2.0.1 The types of hazards in fire extinguisher distribution areas in industrial buildings shall be determined according to such factors as the fire harzards of the goods manufactured, used and stored, t

29、he amount of combustibles contained, the speed of fire spread and the degree of difficulty in fire suppression in case of fire, etc. There are three types of hazards:1) Severe hazard: Areas in which high fire hazards exist,combustibles are contained in large amounts, and fire may spread quickly or i

30、s liable to cause heavy damage in case of fire;2) Moderate hazard: Areas in which relatively high fire azards exist, combustibles are contained in relatively large amounts, and fire may spread relatively quickly in case of fire; and3) Light hazard: Areas in which relatively low fire hazards exist, c

31、ombustibles are contained in relatively small amounts, and fire may spread relatively slowly in case of fire.For examples of types of hazards in fire extinguisher dis-tribution areas in industrial buildings see Appendix B of the Code.Article 2.0.2 The types of hazards in fire extinguisherdistributio

32、n areas in civil buildings shall be determined according to such factors as the nature of occupancy, the fire hazards present, the amount of combustibles contained, the speed of fire spread and the degree of difficulty in fire suppression in case of fire, etc. There are three types of hazards:1) Sev

33、er hazard: Areas in which functions are complicated, power and fire are used in large quantities, equipment is valuable, high fire hazards exist, combustibles are contained in large amounts, and fire may spread quickly or is liable to cause heavy damage in case of fire;2) Moderate hazard: Areas in w

34、hich power and fire are used in relatively large quantities, relatively high fire hazards exist, combustibles are contained in relatively large amounts, and fire may spread relatively quickly in case of fire; and3) Light hazard: Areas in which power and fire are used in relatively small quantities,

35、relatively low fire hazards exist, combustibles are contained in relatively small amounts, and fire may spread relatively slowly in case of fire. For examples of types of hazards in fire extinguisher distribution areas in civil building see Appendix C of the Code.Article 2.0.3 Fires shall be classif

36、ied according to the kinds of materials involved and their characteristics of combustion into the following:1) Class A fires: Refer to fires in carbonaceous solid state combustibles, such as wood, cotton, wool,flax and paper, etc.;2) Class B fires: Refer to the fires in kinds A, B and Cliquids, such

37、 as gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, methanol, ether and acetone, etc.;3) Class C fires: Refer to the fires in combustible gases,such as coal gas, natural gas, methane, propane, acetylene and hydrogen, etc.;4) Class D fires: Refer to the fires in combustible metals, such as potassium, sodium, magnesi

38、um, titanium, zirconium, lithinium and aluminium-magnesium alloy, etc.; and5) Electrified fires: Refer to the fires in electrified objects.Article 2.0.4 The expression of rating of a fire extinguisher shall consist of a number and a letter. The number shall denote the magnitude of rating, while the

39、letter (A or B) shall denote the unit of rating and the class of fire for which it is rated.Chapter III Selection of Fire ExtinguishersArticle 3.0.1 Fire extinguishers shall be selected according to the following factors:1) The class of fire expected in the fire extinguisher distribution area;2) Eff

40、ectiveness of fire suppression;3) Degree of contamination of goods to be protected;4) Ambient temperature in the places where fire extinguishers are mounted; and5) Capability of the people who will use the extinguisher.Article 3.0.2 Selection of types of fire extinguishers shall meet the following s

41、tipulations:1) For class A fires, water, foam, ammonium phosphate base dry chemical or halogenated hydrocarbon fire extinguishers shall be selected;2) For class B fires, dry chemical, foam, halogenated hydrocarbon or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers shall be selected;3) For class C fires, dry chemi

42、cal, halogenated hydrocarbon or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers shall be selected;4) For electrified fires, halogenated hydrocarbon, carbon dioxide or dry chemical fire extinguishers shall be selected;5) For class A, class B, class C and electrified fires, ammonium phosphate base dry chemical or h

43、alogenated hydrocarbon fire extinguishers shall be selected; and6) For class D fires, the selection of fire extinguishers and equipment shall be made by the designing organization through consultations with local public security and fire protection supervisory departments.Article 3.0.3 When fire ext

44、inguishers of the same type are selected for use in one fire extinguisher distribution area, it is advisable to select fire extinguishers with the same method of operation.Article 3.0.4 When two or more types of fire extinguishers are selected for use in one fire extinguisher distributionarea, fire

45、extinguishers with compatible extinguishing agentsshall be used. For incompatible extinguishing agents see Appendix D of the Code.Article 3.0.5 It is prohibited to distribute Halon extinguishers in where are unnecessary to use, ABC powder extinguishers and AFFF extinguishers, etc.,shall be distribut

46、ed.The determination for where is unnecessary to use Halon extinguishers should be according to the regulations issued by NFPB and NEPA.The examples for where is unnecessary to use Halon extinguishers, see Appendix G.Note:Halon extinguishers indicate Halon 1211 and 1301 extinguishers,the same below.

47、Chapter IV Distribution of Fire ExtinguishersArticle 4.0.1 The distribution criteria of fire extinguisher in areas to be provided with extinguishers for class A fires shall conform to the stipulations in Table 4.0.1. Distribution criteria of fire extinguisher in areas to be provided with extinguishe

48、rs for class A fires Table 4.0.1 Hazard typeSevereModerateLightMinimun rating of each extinguisher provided 5A5A3AMaximum protection area (m2 /A)101520Article 4.0.2 The distribution criteria of fire extinguisher in areas to be provided with extinguishers for class B fires shall conform to the stipul

49、ations in Table 4.0.2.Distribution criteria of fire extinguisher in areas to be provided with extinguishers for class B fires Table 4.0.2 Hazard typeSevereModerateLightMinimun rating of eachextinguisher provided 8B4B1BMaximum protection area (m2 /B)57.510Article 4.0.3 The distribution criteria of fi

50、re extinguisher in areas to be provided with extinguishers for class C fires shall be that specified for areas to be provided with extinguishters for class B fires.Article 4.0.4 The number of fire extinguishers to be provided in an underground building shall be increased by 30% on the basis of the n

51、umber specified for corresponding aboveground building.Article 4.0.5 The number of fire extinguishers to be provided in areas where hydrants and/or fire extinguishing systems are installed may be decreased according to the following stipulations:1) The number may be decreased by 30% accordingly wher

52、e hydrants are installed;2) The number may be decreased by 50% accordingly where fire extinguishing systems are installed; and3) The number may be decreased by 70% accordingly where hydrants and fire extinguishing systems are installed.Article 4.0.6 The number of fire extinguishers to be provided in

53、 areas where combustibles are stacked outdoors or kinds A, B and C liquids and combustible gases are stored in tanks may be decreased by 70% accordingly.Article 4.0.7 The fire extinguishers in one fire extinguisher distribution area shall not be less than two in number. It is unadvisable to mount mo

54、re than five fire extinguishers in one place.Article 4.0.8 Halon extinguishers already distributed in industrial, civil buildings and civil air defence works shall not be emitted to the air casually except for extinguishing.Article 4.0.9 When Halon extinguishers are in condition of periode maintance

55、, hydraulic pressure test, or scrap disposion, shall use the approved Halon recovery equipment to recover Halon.Article 4.0.10 Halon extinguishers distributed in where is unnecessary to use, when they are over the service life, or not meet the requirements of related quality standards, should be rep

56、laced and scrap disposed.Article 4.0.11 The determined places where Halon extinguishers are unnecessary and should be replaced, other types of extinguishers should be distributed according to equivalent substitution principle and the regulations in Chapter 4 and 6 to make distribution design and cal

57、culation.The examples of equivalent subtitution of Halon extingushers, see Appendix H.Chapter V Location and Mounting of Fire ExtinguishersSection 1 Requirements for Location and Mountingof Fire ExtinguishersArticle 5.1.1 Fire extinguishers shall be located in obvious and easily accessible places, a

58、nd safe evacuation must not be hampered.Article 5.1.2 Fire extinguishers shall be mounted steadily, and the nameplate of the extinguisher must face outward.Article 5.1.3 Portable fire extinguishers should be mounted on hangers, brackets or in cabinets. The top of the extinguisher shall be less than

59、1.50 m above the floor, and the bottom of the extin-guisher should not be less than 0.15 mArticle 5.1.4 Fire extinguishers shall not be located in places with moist or strongly corrosive atmosphere; when it is necessary to do so, appropriate protection measures shall be taken.Protection shall be pro

60、vided for fire extinguishers mounted outdoors.Article 5.1.5 Fire extinguishers must not be located in places with temperatures exceeding the service temperature range.The service temperature ranges of fire extinguishers shall conform to the stipulations in Appendix E of the Code.Section 2 Travel Dis