山西專《金新學(xué)案》高三英語一輪課件 新人教選修82

Ⅰ.重要單詞聚焦1．

vi.不同；相異2．

vt.著手；從事；承擔(dān)3．

n.突破4．

vi.反對(duì)；不贊成5．

vt.獲得；贏得6．

vt.獲得；到達(dá)(水平、年齡、狀況等)7．

vt.禁止；不準(zhǔn)differundertakebreakthroughobjectobtainattainforbid8．

vt.積累；聚積9．

vt.欠(賬、錢、人情等)；歸功于……10．

adv.立刻；不久11．

vi.退休；離開12．

vt.&vi.打擾；操心13．

n.假定；設(shè)想14．

n.規(guī)則；規(guī)章；法規(guī)15．

vi.&vt.打；撞擊；罷工16．

adj.虛榮的；自負(fù)的；徒勞的

Accumulateoweshortlyretirebotherassumptionregulationstrikevain17．

vt.抵抗；對(duì)抗18．

adv.僅；只；不過19．

n.裝飾20．

vt.崇拜；愛慕；喜愛21．

adj.合情理的；講道理的；公道的resistmerelydecorationadorereasonableⅡ.重要短語掃描1．pay

得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清2．cast

沮喪；不愉快3．in

of贊成；支持4．(be)

to(do)．..一定或注定(做)……5．

...intoone’sheart使……刻骨銘心6．

timetotime不時(shí)；偶爾7．bringbackto

使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活8．in

白費(fèi)力氣；枉費(fèi)心機(jī)offdownfavourboundstrikefromlifevain9．ingood/poor

狀況很好(壞)；情況很好(壞)10．haveagreat

on對(duì)……有很大影響conditionimpactⅢ.課文原句突破1．ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.CloningscientistswerecastdowntofindthatDolly’sillnessesweremoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal.[信息提取]

beappropriateto(for)sth.適合于……的；適當(dāng)?shù)摹例句仿寫]你應(yīng)當(dāng)用一種適合你的文章主題的寫作風(fēng)格。Youshouldwriteitinastylewhich________________________________________.【答案】

isappropriatetoyoursubject2．Isitinfavourofcloningoragainstit?[信息提取]

infavourof贊成，支持。[例句仿寫]我對(duì)她講了我們的計(jì)劃，她表示贊同。Ihavetoldheraboutourplan，andshe________________________________________.【答案】

isinfavourofit3．Dolly’sdeath，likeherbirth，wasboundtoraiseworries.[信息提取]

beboundto肯定會(huì)。[例句仿寫]看看天，今天下午一定會(huì)下雨。Lookatthesky，________________________________thisafternoon.【答案】

it’sboundtorain4．Scientistsbelievehumancloningisjustamatteroftimebuttheassumptionthathumancloneshavealreadybeenbornhasn’tbeenprovedyet.[信息提取]

amatterof……的問題。[例句仿寫]你應(yīng)該把這當(dāng)成一回事，這是一個(gè)生死攸關(guān)的問題。Youshouldtakeitseriously.It’s________________________________________________.【答案】

amatteroflifeanddeathundertake(undertook，undertaken)vt.著手；從事；承擔(dān)①Theyundertookadangeroustask.他們承擔(dān)了一項(xiàng)危險(xiǎn)任務(wù)。②HeundertooktofinishthejobbyFriday.他答應(yīng)在星期五以前完成那工作。③Icanundertakethatyouwillenjoythetrip.我保證你會(huì)喜歡這次旅行。1．Whodoyouthinkistherightpersonto______thetask?A．undergo B．undertakeC．understand D．underline【解析】

undertakethetask表示“承擔(dān)任務(wù)”為固定搭配，A、C、D均不與thetask構(gòu)成有意義的詞組?！敬鸢浮?/p>

Bforbid(forbade/forbad；forbidden)vt.禁止(1)forbidsb./sth.Ifyouwanttomarryher，Iwon’tforbidyou.如果你要娶她，我不會(huì)禁止你。(2)forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事Thenewlawforbidssmokinginoffices.新法律禁止在辦公室內(nèi)抽煙。(3)forbidsb.todosth.禁止做某事Herfatherforbadehertogooutalone.她父親不許她單獨(dú)外出。MyfatherforbademetowatchTV，whichmademeunhappy.我父親禁止我看電視，這使我不高興。2．(2007年江蘇卷)—CanIsmokehere?—Sorry.Wedon’tallow________here.A．peoplesmoking B．peoplesmokeC．tosmoke D．smoking【解析】句意為：——這里允許吸煙嗎？——抱歉，這里不允許吸煙。allow允許，這個(gè)詞的用法如下：allowsb.todosth.；allowdoingsth.。如：Wedon’tallowtalkingloudlyinthehall.由此可知allow后有賓語時(shí)應(yīng)用todo，而沒有時(shí)用doing?！敬鸢浮?/p>

D3．Hewasinpoorhealth，sothedoctor________himtodrinkwine.A．hoped B．demandedC．forbade D．prevented【解析】由于身體差，醫(yī)生禁止他喝酒，用forbid?！敬鸢浮?/p>

Cobject(1)vi.不贊成，反對(duì)Weobjecttobeingtreatedlikethis.我們抗議這種待遇。Iobjectedthathewastooyoungfortheposition.我提出反對(duì)意見他太年輕不適合這個(gè)職位。(2)n.物體，目標(biāo)HisobjectofstudyingEnglishistoknowmoreaboutEnglandandtheEnglishpeople.他學(xué)習(xí)英語的目的是更多地了解英國和英國人民。objectionn．反對(duì)；不贊成have/take/makeanobjectionto(doing)sth.對(duì)……表示反對(duì)raiseanobjectiontosth.對(duì)……提出異議Mymainobjectiontotheplanisthatitcoststoomuch.我反對(duì)該計(jì)劃的主要理由是它費(fèi)用太高。4．We________topunishingawholegroupforoneperson’sfault.A．complain B．objectC．oppose D．resist【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意為：我們反對(duì)因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)人的過失而去懲罰所有的人。complain抱怨，悲嘆，控訴；object反對(duì)；objecttodoing反對(duì)做……；oppose反對(duì)，使對(duì)立，使對(duì)抗；resist抵抗，反抗，忍得住。【答案】

Bowevt.(1)欠(錢、物、債等)，后面通常跟直接賓語和間接賓語，即：owesb.sth.或owesth.tosb.。Don’tforgetyoustillowe150yuantothewineshop.別忘了，你還欠酒店150元錢呢。(2)owe...to...把……歸功于……Heoweshissuccesstohardworkandpractice.他把他的成功歸功于努力工作和實(shí)踐。IfIhaveimprovedinanyway，Ioweitalltomyteacher.如果說我有一些進(jìn)步，這應(yīng)該全部歸功于我的老師。(3)owe亦可解釋為“應(yīng)當(dāng)給予……”。Youowemeanapology.你得向我道歉。Weshoulddothedutywhichweowetoourcountry.我們應(yīng)對(duì)國家盡我們應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)。(1)owingto＝becauseof因?yàn)?，由于，后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞作賓語，構(gòu)成介詞短語，表原因。Owingtotherain，theycouldnotcome.由于下雨，他們不能來了。(2)oweittosb.that...IoweittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.多虧你幫忙，我才及時(shí)完成了工作。5．Sheoweshersuccess________goodluckmorethan________ability.A．to；and B．of；toC．to；to D．to；in【解析】

本題意中owe的含義是“歸功于”的意思，應(yīng)與介詞to連用。句中morethan的意思是“而不是”，用做連詞連接兩個(gè)介詞短語，句意為“她的成功是由于幸運(yùn)，而不是由于有才干”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

Cbother(1)vt.打擾；vi.操心

Idon’twanttobotheryouwithmyproblems.我不想讓你因?yàn)槲业膯栴}而擔(dān)心。Don’tbotherMarywhileshe’sreading.瑪麗讀書的時(shí)候不要打擾她。Itbothersmethathehasn’tbeentellingmethetruth.他一直沒有對(duì)我講真話，這讓我很苦惱。(2)n.煩擾；令人煩惱的事或人Ihatetobeabother，butcouldIuseyourphone?給您添麻煩了，我可以用一下電話嗎？6．I’mverysorrytohave________youwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.A．a(chǎn)ttracted B．a(chǎn)bstractedC．impressed D．bothered【解析】對(duì)不起，有這么多問題麻煩你。bother打擾，麻煩。【答案】

Dpayoff還清(債務(wù)等)，付清，回報(bào)Ipaidoffallthedebtsafteryearsofhardwork.經(jīng)過幾年的艱苦勞動(dòng)我還清了所有的債務(wù)。Allhiseffortspaidoffatlast.他所有努力最終有了回報(bào)。辨析：payfor，payback與payoff(1)payfor表示“付……的錢”“因……而受懲罰”。Shepaid200dollarsforthatring.她買那個(gè)戒指花了兩百美元。(2)payback償還；報(bào)復(fù)Canyoulendme￡10？I’llpayyoubackonFriday.你能借給我10英鎊嗎？我星期五就還你。Hepaidmebackbynotcoming.他不來，以此來報(bào)復(fù)我。

(3)payoff意為“還清(債務(wù))”“結(jié)算清薪水解雇”“成功”等。Ittookthemthreeyearstopayofftheirdebts.他們用了3年才還清了債務(wù)。7．—LiFengwonthefirstprizeinthenationalEnglishcompetition.—Oh，really？I’mgladthathereffortsatlast________.A．workedout B．gotbackC．paidoff D．turnedout【解析】

下句意為“我很高興她的努力最后獲得回報(bào)”。payoff(指冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的政策、做法等)帶來好結(jié)果，成功，行得通。又如：Thegamblepaidoff.賭贏了?！敬鸢浮?/p>

Cinfavourof贊成，支持Areyouinfavourofcloningoragainstcloning?你贊成克隆行為還是反對(duì)克隆行為？Ispokeinfavouroftheplan.我發(fā)言贊同這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃

Couldyoudomeafavourandturnoffthelight?請(qǐng)幫忙把燈關(guān)掉好嗎？CouldyoudomethefavourtopickupSamfromschooltoday?今天你能幫我個(gè)忙去學(xué)校接薩姆嗎？8．(2006年陜西卷)Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas________it.A．infavourof B．inmemoryofC．inhonourof D．insearchof【解析】本題考查介詞短語的辨析。此處while表示轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比，against表示反對(duì)。故選用infavourof表示“贊成”。B表示“為紀(jì)念”；C表示“為了向……表示敬意”；D表示“尋找”，均不合題意?！敬鸢浮?/p>

AThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.接著傳來了令人煩惱的消息——多莉得了重病。(1)表示方位、時(shí)間或方式的副詞或介詞短語，如：here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，intheroom，onthewall等置于句首時(shí)，句子倒裝。Look，herecomesthebus.看，公共汽車來了。Outrushedthechildren.孩子們沖了出去。Theregoesthebell.鈴響了。(2)本句中的news與thatDollybadbecomeseriouslyill是同位語關(guān)系。常見的后接同位語從句的抽象名詞有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，order，problem，belief，fear等。Hehadnoideawhenshewouldcomeback.他不知道她何時(shí)會(huì)回來。ThethoughtthatLaoLiwouldopenarestaurantinNewYorksurprisedhiswife.老李要在紐約開飯店的想法讓他的妻子非常吃驚。HegotamessagefromMrJohnsonthatthemanagercouldnotseehimthatafternoon.他從約翰遜先生那里得到消息，經(jīng)理那天下午不能同他會(huì)面了。9．(2010屆安徽合肥168中學(xué)月考)________alloverthehillsandaroundthelakearewildflowersofdifferentkinds.A．Togrow B．GrowingC．Grown D．Grow【解析】考查倒裝句。為保持句子平衡，或使上下文銜接更緊，可把介詞短語、形容詞、副詞或分詞提到句首，引起完全倒裝。本題中把分詞提到了句首。正常語序?yàn)椋篧ildflowersofdifferentkindsaregrowingalloverthehillsandaroundthelake.【答案】

B10．(2010屆南京金陵中學(xué)月考)Awarmthoughtsuddenlycametome________Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother’sbirthday.A．if B．whenC．that D．which【解析】

that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋awarmthought的具體內(nèi)容。that只起連接作用，但不能省略。【答案】

CⅠ.單詞拼寫1．Olympicbasketballrules________(不同)slightlyfromtheNBArules.Insteadoffourperiods，lasting12minuteseach，therearetwoperiods，lasting20minuteseach.【答案】

differ2．The36-storiedbuildingisoneofthemostchallengingprojectstheconstructioncompanyhaveever________(承擔(dān))．【答案】

undertaken3．Mymother________(禁止)metoplaycomputergamesforalongtimebecauseshethinkstheywillruinmystudyandfuture.【答案】

forbids4．—Wouldit________(麻煩)youifIaskyouafewquestions?—Notatall.【答案】

bother5．Somescientistsputforwarda(n)________(設(shè)想)thathumanbeingscanmovetoanotherplanetincasetheearthisnotfittoliveonsomeday.【答案】

assumptionⅡ.巧思妙解1．Onemoreday，________I’llgeteverythingready.A．or B．whileC．a(chǎn)nd D．but【解析】考查特殊句式。此句是“祈使句/名詞短語＋and＋簡單句”句型，相當(dāng)于“IfIhaveonemoreday，I’llgeteverythingready.”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C2．Sharesomeofyourswiththoseingreatneedandyou________adifference.A．willmake B．makeC．made D．havemade【解析】本句是“祈使句/名詞短語＋and＋簡單句”句型，根據(jù)所給語境可知簡單句中的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，因此用一般將來時(shí)?！敬鸢浮?/p>

A3．Followyourdoctor’sadvice，________yourcoughwillgetworse.A．or B．a(chǎn)ndC．then D．so【解析】

“祈使句＋or＋簡單句”是一個(gè)常見的基本句式，意思是“干某事，否則就會(huì)……”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

A4．Startoutrightaway，________you’llmissthefirsttrain.A．a(chǎn)nd B．butC．or D．while【解析】此題考查“祈使句/名詞短語＋and/or＋句子”這一句型。這一句型在高考中經(jīng)?？疾?，要特別注意祈使句省略動(dòng)詞的情況：(Walk)onemorestep，andthelittleboywillfallintothewell.【答案】

C5．________andI’llgettheworkfinished.A．Haveonemorehour B．OnemorehourC．GivenonemorehourD．IfIhaveonemorehour【解析】句意為：“再有一小時(shí)，我將完成工作”。此題考查“祈使句＋and句式”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

BⅢ.情景交際1．(2010屆重慶一中期中測試)—Canyouaccompanyyourlittlebrothertothepostofficenow?—________，ifheisready.A．Byallmeans B．NowayC．Mypleasure D．Innocase【解析】考查交際用語。byallmeans可以，當(dāng)然可以。noway決不；mypleasure不客氣，很榮幸，回答他人道謝時(shí)的用語；innocase決不，無論如何不?！敬鸢浮?/p>

A2．(2010屆山西實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)月考)—Youmusthavehadagoodtimeatthepartylastnight，didn’tyou?—________.Actually，itwasabitboring.A．Oh，great B．IsupposesoC．Notreally D．That’sOK【解析】考查交際用語。依據(jù)下文的“事實(shí)上，晚會(huì)有點(diǎn)乏味”可知，C選項(xiàng)符合題意?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C3．(2010屆淄博檢測)—I’vegottheinvitationtoyourschool，MrJohnson.—Oh，good.________.A．Howdoyoulikeit?B．Haveyoureadit?C．Canyoucome?D．MayIhelpyou?【解析】考查交際用語。根據(jù)“I’vegottheinvitationtoyourschool”

可知，答語應(yīng)該為“你來嗎？”【答案】

C4．(2010屆綿陽中學(xué)月考)—Tom，I’msorrytosaythatIcan’tgotowatchtonight’smatchwithyou，forIhavetoprepareforthecomingexam.—________Havesomefun!A．Don’thavetoomanyironsinthefire.B．Don’tbeawetblanket.C．Don’tputthecartbeforethehorse.D．Don’tpullmyleg.【解析】

Don’tbeawetblanket意思是：別這么讓人掃興。句意為：——湯姆，對(duì)不起，我今天晚上不能和你一起去看比賽了，因?yàn)槲乙獮榧磳⒌絹淼目荚囎鰷?zhǔn)備?！?jiǎng)e這么令人掃興，玩吧！A項(xiàng)意為“別攬?zhí)嗍隆保籆項(xiàng)意為“本末倒置”；D項(xiàng)意為“別開我玩笑了”?！敬鸢浮?/p>

B5．(2010屆濟(jì)寧檢測)—HowdoyoufindthenewbookbyJ．K.Rowling?—________.Iguesssheisoutofhertalent.A．WiththehelpofmymotherB．ByaccidentC．VeryboringD．Inthelibrary【解析】

“Howdoyoufind...”表示“你認(rèn)為……怎么樣”，因此只有veryboring符合題意?！敬鸢浮?/p>

CⅣ.語法專練本單元語法—同位語從句1．(2010屆南昌二中月考)Afewyearsagothebeliefbecamegeneral________orangejuiceandmilkshouldneverbedrunkatthesamemeal.A．which B．thatC．a(chǎn)ndthat D．what【解析】

that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋說明先行詞thebelief。這句話把同位語從句放在了謂語動(dòng)詞之后，是為了平衡句子，免得頭重腳輕?！敬鸢浮?/p>

B2．(2010屆江蘇常州教學(xué)質(zhì)量調(diào)研)Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars________roadconditionsneed________.A．that；tobeimprovedB．which；tobeimprovedC．where；improvingD．when；improving【解析】第一空處為that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句；need后面要接tobedone或doing表示被動(dòng)。因此A項(xiàng)正確?！敬鸢浮?/p>

A3．(2009年濰坊市高三第二次質(zhì)檢)Therearesigns________readingclassicsisbecomingmorepopularwithstudents.A．which B．thatC．whether D．when【解析】考查同位語從句的判斷及用法。readingclassicsisbecomingmorepopularwithstudents是敘述的一件事情，作signs的同位語，用以解釋它的內(nèi)容，故選that?！敬鸢浮?/p>

B4．(2009年南通市高三第一次調(diào)研測試)Nobodywouldstandoutadmittingthefact，forsomereason，________theylostthegame.A．that B．whichC．what D．why【解析】同位語從句。theylostthegame作thefact的同位語，用以解釋thefact的內(nèi)容，故用that引導(dǎo)?！敬鸢浮?/p>

A5．(2009年南京市高三年級(jí)質(zhì)量調(diào)研)Thenewscame，asexpected，________mycousinwaschosentobeaforeignaiddoctortogotoAfricawherepeoplearesufferingalotfromAIDS.A．it B．thatC．what D．which【解析】本題考查同位語。that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句解釋news的內(nèi)容。【答案】

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