pscad包-學(xué)習(xí)筆記如前所述SD部分主要目是為用戶提供直接插入自己代碼到EMTD

SystemDSDYNandDSOUTAsmentionedearlier,theprimarypurposeoftheSystemDynamicssectionistoprovidetheuserwiththeabilitytoinserthisorhercodedirectlyintotheEMTDCmainprogram. Atthesametime,theSystemDynamicssectionofferstheadditionaladvantageinthatelectricalelementsneednotbepresentinasimulation. Thatis,EMTDCcanberunwithoutthepresenceofanyelectricalcomponentsor就是說EMTDC可以在沒有任何電力組件和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的情況下運行。Forexample,alinearcontrolsystemcanbeyzedbyusingclassiccontroltheory. Ifnon-linearitiessuchaslimits,dead-bands,saturationfunctions,switches,etc.arepartofthecontroller,thentimeysisofsuchamodelcanbebuiltintotheSystemDynamics,providingapracticalsolutionmethodwithorwithoutelectriccircuits.SystemDynamic，SystemdynamicDSDYNandDSOUTTheSystemsDynamicssectionissplit-upintotwosub-sections, passing（包含）thenetworksolution(seeFigure2-1):ThesearetheDSDYNandDSOUTsubroutines. ThefactthatSystemsDynamicscanbeutilisedbothbeforeandaftertheelectricnetworkissolved,offersagreatadvantageinprogram Ifjudiciallyselected,theusercanavoidtimestepdelaysbetweencontrolandelectricalsystems,forinstance.SD部分可以分割成兩個子模塊，(實際上包含了網(wǎng)絡(luò)求解)，它們DSDYNDSOUT子程序。在求解網(wǎng)絡(luò)前后兩次利用SD為程序的靈活性提供了很大的優(yōu)勢。AlthoughtherearenomajordifferencesbetweenDSDYNandDSOUT(i.e.theycanbecalledinterchangeably),therearespecificusesforeach.Ingeneral,mostcontroldynamicscodeshouldbeplacedin DSOUTisprimarilyusedtooutputtiesafterthenetworksolutioniscalculated. Thecombinationofthesetwosubroutinesallowstheusertodecidewhethercertaincontroldynamicsshouldbecalculatedusingpreorpostsolution盡管在DSDYNDSOUT之間沒有重大的不同（i.e.它們可以交替的被調(diào)用），DSDYNDSOUTTimeDelaysandCodeInsomeinstances,itisimportanttoestablishtheproperuseofDSDYNandDSOUTtoavoidunnecessarytimestepdelaysinthecontrol在有些例子中，在控制動態(tài)中合適的使用DSDYNDSOUT避免不必要的時間步Metersusedforthemeasurementofvoltageandcurrentsforexample,areprimarilydefinedinDSOUT: Thisisthelogicalsubroutinetochoose,asDSOUTwillsupplythemeasuredtiesdirectlyfollowingthenetworksolution. However,measuredtiesareoftenusedasinputstocontrolsystems,wheretheindividualcontrolcomponentsaredefinedinDSDYN. Therefore,thecontrolsystemmaybebasingoutputsontiesdefinedintheprevioustimestep.序，如果選在DSOUT中，提供求解網(wǎng)絡(luò)之后的工程量測量值。EXAMPLE2-Figure2-2-SimpleComparatorCircuitcreatedinConsiderthesimplecircuitinFigure2-2.Acomparatorisbeingusedtocomparearealconstantwithasignal'Ea',whichisameasuredvoltagefromavoltmeter. Thecomparatorisadjustedsoastogiveahighoutputwhen'Ea' esgreaterthan0.0,andalowoutput ThecomparatordynamicsaredefinedbydefaultinDSDYN,whereasthemeasuredvoltage'Ea'isdefinedinDSOUTasanoutputEa01，00.默認(rèn)的比較器動態(tài)定義在DSDYN中，然Ea作為一個輸出值定義在DSOUT中。Withtheaboveconfigure-tion,thecomparatoroutputsignalwillcontainasingletimestepdelay. ThisisduetothefactthatthecomparatordynamicsinDSDYNareusingameasuredvoltage'Ea',definedinDSOUTfromthepreviousstep(seeFigure2-1).ThistimestepdelaycanberemovedbysimplymovingthecomparatordynamicscodefromDSDYNtoDSOUT. Thiswillforcethecomparatortousethemeasuredvoltagefromthepresenttimestep,beforedeterminingitsoutput.這個時間步長延遲可以簡單地通過移動比較器動態(tài)代碼從DSDYNDSOUT來清AssemblyofSystemDynamicsCode(FortranSD部分代碼的集成（FORTRAN文件inthetheDSDYNand/orDSOUTsegmentsofeachComponentDefinitionWhenaCaseProjectiscompiledinPSCAD,theSystemDynamicsisautomaticallyassembledintoformattedFortrancode. informationrequiredtoconstructtheFortraninthetheDSDYNand/orDSOUTsegmentsofeachComponentDefinition,whetherdefinedintheMasterLibraryorinauserdefinedlibrary.PSCAD編譯一個工程時，SD部分被自動的集成到格式化的fortran代碼中。構(gòu)造FORTRAN代碼的信息從工程中存在的組件對應(yīng)的DSDYN和DSOUT代碼段Figure2-3illustrateshowPSCreparesandconstructstheFortrancodeforEMTDC. ThePSCADCaseProjectshowncontainsadefaultmainpagewithaComponentInstanceandaPageModule. Whenthecaseiscompiled,anequivalentFortranfilecalled'main.f'iscreated,whichactsasthemainroutineforthecase. WithinitareplacedtheDSDYNandDSOUTsubroutines(SystemDynamics),whichcontaincomponentcodeand/orcallstouser-definedsubroutines,specifiedintheComponentDefinitions.2-3PSCADEMTDCfortran代碼的。PSCAD工程包含EachsubistreatedasasubroutineandreceivesitsownFortran AsshowninFigure2-3,thesubcalled'abc'receivesacorrespondingfilecalled'abc.f'.WithinthisfileareplacedlocalDSDYNandDSOUTsubroutines,whicharerenamedtoabcDYNandabcOUT(i.e.PageModulenamereplacesDS). abcDYNandabcOUTarethencalledfromDSDYNandDSOUTin'main.f'.DSOUTabcDYNabcOUT.這兩個文件接著被main.fDSDYN和DSOUT調(diào)用。Figure2-3-AssemblyofDSDYNandDSOUTThismethodof'nested'routinescontinuesoniffurtherlevelsofsubsexist. Forinstance,ifanothersubexistswithin'abc',thentheDSDYNandDSOUTsubroutines,localtothisnewsub-page,willbecalledfromabcDYNandabcOUTin'abc.f'.NOTE:Subs(orPageModules)shouldnotbeconfusedwithasubsystem.FormoreonsubsystemsinEMTDC,seeSubsystemsinElectricNetworks.EXAMPLE2-AsanillustrationastohowthecomponentcodeisinsertedintoDSDYN,considerthesimpleMultipliercomponent,showninFigure2-4:Figure2-4-MultiplierComponentinThecodeforthisdeviceexistsasPSCADScriptintheDSDYNsectionoftheComponent Itisshownbelowforeasy!$OUT=$IN1*!WhenthePSCrojectiscompiled,theabovescriptisextractedfromtheMultiplierComponentDefin