讀書筆記 FBI教你破解身體語言（英文版）

FBIWHATEVERYBODYISSAYINGONEMasteringtheSecretsofNonverbalCommunicationTWOLivingOurLimbicLegacyTHREEGettingaLegUponBodyLanguage:NonverbalsoftheFeetandLegsFOURTorsoTips:NonverbaloftheTorso,Hips,Chest,andShouldersFIVEKnowledgeWithinReach:NonverbaloftheArms109SIXGettingaGrip:NonverbaloftheHandsandFingersSEVENTheMind’sCanvas:NonverbaloftheFaceEIGHTDetectingDeception:ProceedwithCaution!NINESomeFinalThoughtsFOREWORDTELLINGLIES:Drawingfromthelatestdiscoveriesinpsychology,neurobiology,medicine,sociology,criminology,communicationstudies,andanthropology.THEORETICALBASIS:scientificfactsandfield-testedfindingsMASTER:JoeKulis,PaulEkman,MaureenO’Sullivan,MarkFrank,BellaM.DePaulo,AldertVrij,ReidMeloy,andJudyBur,DavidGivens.He,whoteaches,learns.ONE:MasteringtheSecretsofNonverbalCommunicationNOVERBALCOMMUNICATIONS:facialexpressions,gestures,touching(haptics),physicalmovements(kinesics),posture,bodyadorn-ment(clothes,jewelry,hairstyle,tattoos,etc.),andeventhetone,timbre,andvolumeofanindividual’svoice(ratherthanspokencontent).WAYS:1.acuteobserverin2.contextwhichis3.universaland4.personallyspecificandhis5.baseline,thenmakea6.judgmentbetweenfalseandmisleadingnonverbalsignals,categorizetheminto7fortanddiscomfortonesTWO:LivingOurLimbicLegacyneocrotexcorpuscallosumthalumshippocampuscerebellumreptilianamygdalahypothalamusneocortexResponsetodistressorthreats,hastakenthreeforms:1.freeze,2.flight,and3.fight.Freezingyourmovementcanoftenmakeyounearlyinvisibletoothers.Thatmomentarystopisenoughforthebraintodosomequickassessing.FreezeManifestations:1.Breath,2.positionofsecurity,3.diminishyourexposure.TurtleeffectshouldersrisetowardtheearsHumbledorsuddenlyloseconfidence.

Flightmanifestation:1.Blockingbehaviorsmaymanifestintheformofclosingtheeyes,rubbingtheeyes,orplacingthehandsinfrontoftheface;2.Thepersonmayalsodistanceherselffromsomeonebyleaningaway,placingobjects(apurse)onherlap,orturningherfeettowardthenearestexit.;3.shiftawayfromhiscounterpartifhehearsanunattractiveofferorfeelsthreatenedasbargainingcontinues.Peopleleanawayfromeachothersubconsciouslywhentheydisagreeorfeeluncomfortablearoundeachother.Eyeblockingisaverypowerfuldisplayofconsternation,disbelief,ordisagreement.Fightmanifestation:usingyourposture,youreyes,bypuffingoutyourchest,orbyviolatinganother’spersonalspace.小結所有行為分為三種Freeze呼吸、動作、形象靜止Flight阻止、遠離的行為Fight擴張的行為HIGH/LOWCONFIDENCE:Ingeneral,whenthelimbicbrainisinastateofcomfort,thismentalandphysiologicalwell-beingisreflectedinnonverbaldisplaysofcontentmentandhighconfidence.When,however,thelimbicbrainisexperiencingdiscomfort,thecorrespondingbodylanguageischaracterizedbybehaviorsemblematicofstressorlowconfidence.Knowledgeofthese“behavioralmarkers”.心理狀態(tài)分類HighconfidenceLowconfidence》》》Pacifyingbehaviors》》》》Pacifying行為的分類觸碰、撫摸（額、前后側脖、鼻、下巴、領帶等；手放在大腿）呼氣吹口哨Pacifyingbehaviorsrevealsomuchaboutaperson’scurrentstateofmind,andtheydosowithuncannyaccuracy.PacifyingManifestation:1.Whenstressed,wemightsootheourneckswithagentlemassage,strokeourfaces,orplaywithourhair;Coveringoftheneckdimplepacifiesinsecurities,emotionaldiscomfort,fear,orconcernsinrealtime.Playingwithanecklaceoftenservesthesamepurpose.Rubbingoftheforeheadisusuallyagoodindicatorthatapersonisstrugglingwithsomethingorisundergoingslighttoseverediscomfort.Necktouchingtakesplacewhenthereisemotionaldiscomfort,doubt,orinsecurity.Thisventilatingactionisoftenareactiontostressandisagoodindicatorthatthepersonisunhappywithsomethingheisthinkingaboutorexperiencinginhisenvironment.Awomanmayperformthisnonverbalactivitymoresubtlybymerelyventilatingthefrontofherblouseorbytossingthebackofherhairupintheairtoventilateherneck.Cheekorfacetouchingisawaytopacifywhennervous,irritated,orconcerned.Menadjusttheirtiestodealwithinsecuritiesordiscomfort.Italsocoversthesuprasternalnotch.Mentendtomassageorstroketheirneckstopacifydistress.Thisareaisrichwithnerves,includingthevagusnerve,whichwhenmassagedwillslowdowntheheartrate.Mentypicallycovertheirnecksmorerobustlythanwomenasawaytodealwithdiscomfortorinsecurity.Evenabrieftouchoftheneckwillservetoassuageanxietyordiscomfort.Necktouchingormassagingisapowerfulanduniversalstressrelieverandpacifier.Exhalingwithpuffedoutcheeksisagreatwaytoreleasestressandtopacify.Noticehowoftenpeopledothisafteranearmishap.Whenstressedornervous,peoplewill“cleanse”theirpalmsontheirlapsinordertopacifythemselves.Oftenmissedundertables,itisaveryaccurateindicatorofdiscomfortoranxiety.Iftheyaredoinglegcleansing,youwillnormallyseetheupperarmandshouldermovinginconjunctionwiththehandasitrubsalongtheirleg.Soundpacifier1.Whistling;2,thetappingofapencilorthedrummingoffingers;3.ExcessiveYawningWhenfacingstressfulcircumstances,someindividualswillpacifybycrossingtheirarmsandrubbingtheirhandsagainsttheirshoulders,asifexperiencingachill.Ifyouseeapersonwithhisarmscrossedinfront,leaningforward,andgivingyouadefiantlook,thisisnotapacifyingbehavior!Anytouchingoftheface,head,neck,shoulder,arm,hand,orleginresponsetoanegativestimulus(e.g.,adifficultquestion,anembarrassingsituation,orstressasaresultofsomethingheard,seen,orthought)isapacifyingbehavior.Thesestrokingbehaviorsdon’thelpustosolveproblems;rather,theyhelpustoremaincalmwhilewedo.Inotherwords,theysootheus.Menprefertotouchtheirfaces.Womenprefertotouchtheirnecks,clothing,jewelry,arms,andhair.Touchingorstrokingthefaceisafrequenthumanpacifyingresponsetostress.Motionssuchasrubbingtheforehead;touching,rubbing,orlickingthelip(s);pullingormassagingtheearlobewiththumbandforefinger;strokingthefaceorbeard;andplayingwiththehairallcanservetopacifyanindividualwhenconfrontingastressfulsituation.Asmentionedbefore,someindividualswillpacifybypuffingouttheircheeksandthenslowlyexhaling.Whyisthispersonpacifying?USINGPACIFIERSTOREADPEOPLEMOREEFFECTIVELY:1.recognize;2.setbaseline;3.“Whatcausedhimtodothat?”;4.ifanindividualisengagedinpacifyingbehavior,somestressfuleventorstimulushasprecededitandcausedittohappen;5.Thespecificstressorthatcausedit;6.howstrongthestressis.辨別原則Fortellingalie,thelimbicsystemismoreimportantbecauseitisthemosthonestbrain.小結負面感受會引起pacifying行為；類型為觸碰、呼氣和口哨三大類；辨別原則主要步驟有哪些非習慣性行為的觸碰呼吸和口哨行為；什么引起的；強度多大THREE:GettingaLegUponBodyLanguageHappyfeet腿抖動可以表示開心～全身配合一般～僅大腿配合離開～腳指向偏離越劇烈越開心Ifhisfeetarewigglingorbouncing,hisshirtandshoulderswillbevibratingormovingupanddown.Feetmoving~~impatienceIftheymovetheirfeet—alongwiththeirtorsos—toadmityou,thenthewelcomeisfullandgenuine.;onlyswivelatthehipstosayhello,thenthey’dratherbeleftalone.FEETWAVEGOODBYE:oneoftheindividualsturnshisfeetslightlyawayorrepeatedlymovesonefootinanoutwarddirection.Ifyouobserveaperson’sfeetgoingfrombeingtogethertobeingspreadapart,youcanbefairlyconfidentthattheindividualisbecomingincreasinglyunhappy.動作：不開心～合攏到分開Legcrossingisaparticularlyaccuratebarometerofhowcomfortablewefeelaround雙腳交叉～自信Wealsocrossourlegsinthepresenceofotherswhenweareconfident.WhenIseetwocolleaguestalkingtoeachotherandtheybothhavetheirlegscrossed,Iknowtheyarecomfortablewitheachother.Iftheyareongoodterms,thetoplegcrossedoverwillpointtowardtheotherperson.Ifapersondoesn’tlikeatopichiscompanionbringsup,hewillswitchthepositionofthelegssothatthethighbecomesabarrier.翹腿的指向自己～正面對方～負面(a)thepersonwillremaininplace,whichletsmeknowheorsheiscomfortableatthatdistance;(b)theindividualwilltakeastepbackorturnslightlyaway,whichletsmeknowheorsheneedsmorespaceorwantstobeelsewhere;or(c)thepersonwillactuallytakeastepclosertome,whichmeansheorshefeelscomfortableand/orfavorabletowardme.接近動作～正面Ifyouaredealingwithapersonwhoissocializingorcooperativewithyou,hisorherfeetshouldmirroryourown.If,however,someone’sfeetarepointedawayfromyouwhilehisbodyfacestowardyou,youshouldaskyourselfwhy.身體與腳的指向一致～正面不一致～負面翹腿+踢腿動作～負面Ifapersonconstantlywigglesorbounceshisorherfeetorleg(s)andsuddenlystops,youneedtotakenotice.腿部動作突然靜止～負面突然鎖/c藏腿（腳）～負面Thefootfreezeisanotherexampleofalimbic-controlledresponse,thetendencyofanindividualtostopactivitywhenfacedwithdanger.Whenanindividualsuddenlyturnshistoesinwardorinterlockshisfeet,itisasignthatheisinsecure,anxious,and/orfeelsthreatened.However,tolocktheanklesinthisway,especiallyoveraprolongedperiod,isunnaturalandshouldbeconsideredsuspect,particularlywhendonebymales.Ierlocktheirfeetthatlackofmovementisnotinitselfindicativeofdeception;itisindicativeofself-restraintandcaution,whichbothnervousandlyingindividualsutilizetoassuagetheirconcerns.arestraining(freeze)behaviorthattellsus,onceagain,thatsomethingistroublingtheperson.hidethefeetaltogether.ourfeetandlegsarethemosthonestpartsofthebody.小結腳/腿步動作可以分為靜止動作交叉自信突然鎖/c藏腿（腳）負面指向對方正面偏離負面與身體一致正面與身體不一致負面突然靜止負面踢腿負面接近正面合攏到分開負面抖動全身配合正面僅大腿配合中性腳腿不協(xié)調(diào)負面FOURTorsoTipstorsohousesmanyvitalinternalorgans,suchastheheart,lungs,liver,anddigestivetract,wecananticipatethatthebrainwillseektodiligentlyprotectthisareawhenthreatenedorchallenged.整體偏離～負面距離~負面接近～正面moveawayinstantlyfromthatthreat.whenone’storsodoesleanawayfromsomething,itisbecausethebraindemandsit;sowecancountonthehonestyofthesereactions.wemayalsobladeaway(turnslightly)bydegreesfromthatwhichdoesnotappealtousorwegrowtodislike.Thehumanspecieshasevolvedtothepointthatnotonlyphysicalproximitytoapersonwedislikecancauseustoleanaway,butevenimagesofun-amereshiftingofbodyangleofjustafewdegreesisenoughtoexpressnegativesentiment.Whenonepersoninarelationshipfeelsthatsomethingiswrongwiththewaythingsaregoing,heorsheismostlikelysensingasubtledegreeofphysicaldistancinginhisorherpartner.Ourventral(front)side,whereoureyes,mouth,chest,breasts,genitals,etc.arelocated,isverysensitivetothingswelikeanddislike.ventraldenialventralfronting.useourarmsorobjectstoactasbarriers遮擋～負面越緊越嚴實，程度越深ClothingornearbyobjectsButtoningajacket,ofcourse,isnotalwaysanindicationofdiscomfort;oftenmenwillbuttontheirjacketstoformalizeasettingortoshowdeferencetotheirboss.Awomanmaycrossherarmsoverherstomach,justunderthebreasts,inanefforttoshieldhertorsoandcomfortherself.Shemaycrossonearmacrossherfrontandgrabtheoppositearmattheelbow,formingabarriertoherchest.Woman:chest-shieldingbehaviorMan:playwithhiswatch,playwithhiscufflinks;fixhistieknot;allowsforthearmtocovertheventralareaofthechestandneck.armsintertwinedacrossthefrontisaverycomfortableposeformanypeople.BowingatthewaistthetorsobowisanonverbalgestureofregardforothersButrightorwrong,allotherthingsbeingequal,itistheirclothingthatoftengreatlyinfluenceswhatwethinkofindividuals.Splayingoutonacouchorachairisnormallyasignofcomfort.躺臥～正面Teenagers,inparticular,oftenwillsitsplayedoutonachairorbench,asanonverbalwayofdominatingtheirenvironmentwhilebeingchastisedbytheirparents.Thissplaybehaviorisdisrespectfulandshowsindifferencetothoseinauthority.Itisaterritorialdisplaythatshouldnotbeencouragedortolerated.胸挺胸～正面胸部收縮～壓力puffuptheirchestswhentryingtoestablishterritorialdominance.Whenapersonisunderstress,thechestmaybeseentoheaveorexpandandcontractrapidly.Fullandslightshouldershrugscanmeanalotincontext.肩雙肩平～懷疑信息（就事論事）雙肩不平～懷疑人烏龜肩～負面halfshrug,Anhonestandtrueresponsewillcausebothshoulderstorisesharplyandequally.Expectpeopletogivefull(high)shouldershrugswhentheyconfidentlysupportwhattheyaresaying.beawareofthepersonwho,whileconversingorinreactiontoanegativeevent,moveshisorherbodysotheshouldersbegintoslowlyrisetowardtheearsinamannerthatmakestheneckseemtodisappearlackingconfidenceandishighlyuncomfortable.hurtmyfeelings小結整體局部指向偏離負面胸距離距離~負面挺胸正面接近正面胸部收縮負面遮擋越緊越嚴實負面肩雙肩平懷疑信息（就事論事）躺臥正面雙肩不平懷疑人烏龜肩負面FIVEKnowledgeWithinReach手、臂defensewounds向上～正面向下～負面靜止～負面緊握～負面手臂動作因人而異，需要建立baselineThesemovementscanrangefromsubdued(restrainedandconstricted)toexuberant(unrestrainedandexpansive).Whenexcited,wedon’trestrictourarmmovements;infactournaturaltendencyistodefygravityandraiseourarmshighaboveourheadsgravity-defyingbehaviorsareassociatedwithpositivefeelings.NegativeemotionsbringusdownphysicallyWhenweareupsetorfearful,wewithdrawourarms.armwithdrawalbehaviorSelf-restraintcanassistusnotonlyindealingwithothersbutalsoindealingwithourselveswhenweneedtobecomforted.Restrictionofarmmovements,armfreeze,particularlywhenitoccursinchildren,cansometimeshavemoresinisterimplications.Cessationofarmmovementispartofthelimbicsystem’sfreezeresponse.tendedtoholdontothebagtighter,especiallyasshenearedthecustomsdesk.Notonlydoimportantitemstendtobebetterprotectedwiththearms,butalsothosethingswedonotwantnoticed.Ifyouestablishanadequatebaselinebyobservingaspecificindividual’sarmbehaviorsoveraperiodoftime,youcandetecthowheisfeelingbyhisarmmovements.touchisveryimportantforthewell-beingofhumans.揮動與接觸～正面Thisarm-distancingphenomenonoccursnotonlywhenweencounterobjectswedon’tlike,butalsowhenwearearoundpeoplewedon’tenjoy.Claimingterritorycanhaveverypowerfulandnegativeconsequences—bothshort-livedandlong-term—andtheresultingbattlescanrangefromsmalltogreat.Noticehowconfidentorhigh-statusindividualswillclaimmoreterritorywiththeirarmsthanlessconfident,lower-statuspersons.placetheirarmsbehindtheirbacks放置位置后～負面Thisbehaviorisoftenmisunderstoodasmerelyapensiveorthinkingpose,butunlessseeninsomeonestudyingapaintingatamuseum,forexample,itisnot.手方后腦勺～正面partoftheirauthoritativetraining,itdoesn’tresonatewellintheprivatesector.前雙手叉腰～負面看得到大拇指～好奇（中性）看不到大拇指～權威（負面）Forwomen,arms,akimbomayhaveparticularutility.itisapowerfulnonverbaldisplaythattheycanemploywhenconfrontingmalesintheboardroom.thehandsareplacedonthehips,butthethumbsfaceforwardinquisitive,yetconcernedOften,individualswillusetheirarmstosimultaneouslyemphasizeapointandclaimterritory.雙手前置～正面（自信、權威）雙手搭放棄他物體～正面armspreadbehaviorInbusinessmeetings,aspeakerwhotakes(andmaintains)alargeterritorialfootprintislikelyveryconfidentaboutwhatisbeingdiscussedtoputhisarmaroundhisdatetrytoencroachonhiswomanAnotherexampleofcourtshipbehaviorsofthearmsinvolveshowcloselyacouplewill(orwillnot)placetheirarmsnexttooneanotherwhentheyareseatedtogetheratatable.borderlinepersonalityNevertheless,evenwithoutgivingahug,peoplecanusetheirarmstodemonstratewarmthand,insodoing,increasetheirchancesofbeingviewedfavorablybyothers.oneofthebestwaystoestablishrapportwithsomeoneistotouchthatpersononthearm,somewherebetweentheelbowandtheshoulder.小結整體動作具體動作向上正面揮動、接觸正面向下負面放置位置靜止負面前叉腰負面緊握負面看得到大拇指好奇（中性）手臂動作因人而異，需要建立baseline看不到大拇指權威（負面）雙手前置正面（自信、權威）雙手搭放其他物體正面后負面后腦勺后正面SIXGettingaGrip手動作Peoplerespondpositivelytoeffectivehandmovements.keepyourhandsvisibleduringface-to-facecommunicationwithothers.howhandgreetingsareperformed,forhowlong,andhowstrong.變量：距離、強度指向～負面fingerpointingissodistastefulSnappingyourfingersatsomeoneisalsoconsideredrude小動作響指～不禮貌行為Itisfarbettertogesturewithanopenhand(palmup)atthedefendantthanwithafinger.Preening,however,canalsocreatenegativeperceptions.手指整理妝容～負面Standingwithhandsatthesidewithfingerscurledmayindicatepriormilitaryexperience.Handsalsoindicatehowmuchwecareforourselvesandhowweviewsocialconvention.咬手指～負面sweatyhands,youcanassumeheorsheisunderstress(sincelimbicarousalcausessweating).出汗～負面Sweatypalmsarenotindicativeofdeception.Theyareonlyindicativeofstressor,insomecases,ageneticdisorder.握手shakeinexcitement.Theymayrestraintheirhandsbygrabbingandholdingsomeoneelse’shand,orbytuckingtheirhandsintheirunderarmsorclaspingthemandholdingthematchestlevel.determinewhethershakyhandsareduetofearorjoybyputtingthebehaviorincontextIftheshakyhandsareaccompaniedbypacifyingactions,liketouchingtheneckorpressingthelipstogether,I’dbemorelikelytosuspectthattheshakingwasrelatedtostress(somethingnegative)ratherthansomethingpositive.Itshouldbenotedthattremblinghandsareonlyrelevantasanonverbalcommunicationwhentheyrepresentachangefromsomeone’snormalhandmovements.ifsuchapersonsuddenlyceasestotrembleforamoment,itmayindicateadeliberateattempttofocusmoredeeplyontheparticularsubjectjustmentioned突然的動作停止～注意力集中changeinbehaviorthatismostsignificant.Ahigh-confidencedisplayreflectsahighdegreeofbraincomfortandself-assurance.手呈尖塔～自信（正面）位置越高程度越深Handsteeplingmaywellbethemostpowerfulhigh-confidencewomentendtosteeplelow(perhapsatthewaist),whichsome-timesmakesthebehaviormoredifficulttoobserve.Mentendtosteeplehigher,atchestlevel,whichmakestheirsteeplingmorevisibleandpowerful.Steeplingsignifiesthatyouareconfidentofyourthoughtsorposition.Whenourconfidenceisshakenordoubthasenteredourminds,oursteepledfingersmayinterlaceasinprayer手指交叉～負面手指交叉但拇指向上～正面Itisrecommendedthatwhentestifying,individualsshouldeithersteepleorcuptheirhandstogetherwithoutinterlacingtheirfingers,asthesearegesturesthatareperceivedasbeingmoreauthoritative,moreconfident,andmoregenuine.Whenindividualscarrytheirthumbshigh,itisasignthattheythinkhighlyofthemselvesand/orareconfidentintheirthoughtsorpresentcircumstancesThumbsupisanotherexampleofagravity-defyinggesture,atypeofnonverbalbehaviornormallyassociatedwithcomfortandhighconfidence.手放到口袋僅拇指露出～自信（正面）手放到口袋僅拇指放入～負面手放到口袋僅拇指放入但牛仔姿勢～攻擊型（正面）ThumbsupFeelingsoflowconfidencecanbeevidencedwhenaperson(usuallyamale)putshisthumbsinhispocketandletsthefingershangoutonthesideGenitalframingisapowerfuldominancedisplay.Researchtellsusliarstendtogestureless,touchless,andmovetheirarmsandlegslessthanhonestpeople解釋性手部動作過少或隱藏～負面Whenpeoplewringtheirhandsorinterlacetheirfingers,particularlyinresponsetoasignificantcomment,event,orchangeintheirenvironment,itisnormallyindicativeofstressorlowconfidenceWhenpeopletellthetruth,theymakeeveryefforttoensurethatyouunderstandthem.Theygesticulatewiththeirarmsandfaceandareemphaticallyexpressive.gentlefinger-to-palmstrokingtransitionstomoredramaticrubbingofinterlacedfingersmovetheirhandsawayhandwithdrawalsWhenthehandsstopillustratingandemphasizing,itisusuallyacluetoachangeinbrainactivity(perhapsbecauseofalackofcommitment)andiscauseforheightenedawarenessandassessment.Theinterlacingoffingersisaveryaccurateindicatorofhighdistress手指摩擦/手摩擦其他部位～自我安慰（負面）Peoplewhotouchtheirnecks(anywhere)whilespeakingare,infact,reflectinglower-than-normalconfidenceorarerelievingstress.Thecoveringoftheneckarea,throat,and/orthesuprasternalnotchduringtimesofstressisauniversalandstrongindicatorthatthebrainisactivelyprocessingsomethingthatisthreatening,objectionable,unsettling,questionable,oremotional.Necktouchingisoneofthosebehaviorsthatissoreliableandaccuratethatittrulymeritsourcloseattention.MicrogestureInthesecircumstances,themorereflexiveandshortlivedthebehavioris,themoretruthfulittendstobe.小結基本動作手指動作出汗負面指向負面握手手指整理妝容負面突然的動作停止注意力集中咬手指負面響指不禮貌行為解釋性手部動作過少或隱藏負面手呈尖塔位置越高程度越深自信（正面）手指交叉負面手指交叉但拇指向上正面手放到口袋僅拇指露出自信（正面）手放到口袋僅拇指放入負面手放到口袋僅拇指放入但牛仔姿勢攻擊型（正面）手指摩擦/手摩擦其他部位自我安慰（負面）SEVENTheMind’sCanvas表情universallanguagewecan,toadegree,controlourfacialexpressionsand,thus,putonafalsefront.Negativeemotions—displeasure,disgust,antipathy,fear,andanger—makeustense.額頭皺起～負面howitisbeingsaid.表情代表的正負面情緒不是關鍵，關鍵是為什么？Positiveemotionsarerevealedbythelooseningofthefurrowedlinesontheforehead,relaxationofmusclesaroundthemouth,emergenceoffulllips(theyarenotcompressedortightlipped),andwideningoftheeyeareaassurroundingmusclesrelax.正面前額放松嘴部放松眼部肌肉放松完整唇Whenwearetrulyrelaxedandcomfortable,facialmusclesrelaxandtheheadwilltilttotheside,exposingourmostvulnerablearea,theneck頭部傾斜～正面Remember,lookforclustersofbehaviortosolidifyyourobservations.眼瞳孔放大～正面瞳孔收縮～負面eyesaveryhonestpartofourfaceWehavenoconsciouscontroloverourpupils,andtheyrespondtobothexternalstimuli(forexample,changesinlight)andinternalstimuli(suchasthoughts)infractionsofasecond.Whenwebecomearoused,aresurprised,oraresuddenlyconfronted,oureyesopenup—notonlydotheywiden,butthepupilsalsoquicklydilatetoletinthemaximumamountofavailablelight,cesstheinformationandifitisperceivednegatively(itisanunpleasantsurpriseoranactualthreat),inafractionofasecondthepupilswillconstrict瞇眼～負面（瞬間、長時間）Inadditiontosquintingwhenillatease,someindividualswilllowertheireyebrowsafterobservingsomethingunsettlingintheirenvironment.Archedeyebrowssignifyhighconfidenceandpositivefeelings(agravity-defyingbehavior),whereasloweredeyebrowsareusuallyasignoflowconfidenceandnegativefeelings,abehaviorthatindicatesweaknessandinsecurityinaperson眉毛下》》眼睛變小～負面眉毛上》》眼睛變大～正面wesometimesloweroureyebrowsandsquintwhenbeingaggressiveorconfrontational.welowertheeyebrowsinthefaceofrealorimagineddangerorthreats.Wealsodothiswhenweareannoyed,feeldispleasure,orareangry.wedroptheeyebrowstoolow,itisauniversalsignofweaknessandinsecurity.Itisabehaviorofobsequiousness,fawning,orsubmissivenesseyeblocking任何形式的眼部遮擋～負面強度時間越大，程度越深Whileeye-blockingbehaviorsareusuallyassociatedwithseeingorhearingsomethingnegativethatcausesusdiscomfort,theycanalsobeanindicationoflowconfidence.mostreliableandvaluablewhenithappensimmediatelyafterasignificanteventthatyoucanidentify.contentmentandpositiveemotionsareindicatedbypupildilation.eyebrowsrise(arch),wideningtheireyeareaandmakingtheireyeslooklargerflashbulbeyesgravity-defyingbehaviors眉毛放松～放松（中性）眉毛抬起～正面raisetheireyebrowsandflashtheireyescomfortdisplaydownwardgazemaydemonstratethatweareprocessingasentimentorafeeling,conductinganinternaldialogue,orperhapsdemonstratingsubmissiveness.向下看～思考eyeaversionNeverassumethatadownwardgazeisasignofdeception.thosewhoaredominanthavemorefreedominusingeye-gazebehavior.rovingeyesmakeapersonlookdisinterestedorsuperior眼珠轉動～不感興趣，自負（負面）Ourblinkrateincreaseswhenwearearoused,troubled,nervous,orconcerned,anditreturnstonormalwhenwearerelaxed.Aseriesofrapideyeblinksmayreflectaninnerstruggle.眨眼頻率↑～（內(nèi)心活動）負面Eyelidflutterisverymuchindicativeofastruggleeitherwithourperformanceorwiththedeliveryoracceptanceofinformation.Thoughit’stemptingtodoso,Iwouldbeveryreluctanttolabelanyonealiarjustbecausetheirblinkrateincreases,sinceanystress,includingbeingaskedquestionsinpublic,cancausetheblinkratetoincrease.askance斜視～懷疑（負面）Itcantaketheformofasidewaysortiltedheadmotionaccompaniedbyasideglanceorabriefrolloftheeyes.wearesuspiciousofothersorquestionthevalidityofwhattheyaresaying.Arealsmileappearsprimarilybecauseoftheactionoftwomuscles:thezygomaticusmajor,orbicularisoculi,eye.workingtogetherbilaterally,thesedrawthecornersofthemouthupandcrinkletheouteredgesoftheeyes,causingthecrow’sfeetofafamiliarwarmandhonestsmile微笑嘴角指向眼睛～真實微笑嘴角指向耳朵～社交微笑RisoriusRealsmilesaredifficulttofakewhenwehaveasincerelackofemotion.唇壓縮～負面唇形越少，程度越深反U嘴～壓力（負面）噘嘴～不同意（負面）Whenwearestressed,wetendtomakeourlipsdisappearsubconsciously.Lipcompressionisveryindicativeoftruenegativesentimentthatmanifestsquitevividlyinrealtimeupside-downU.Thisbehaviorisindicativeofhighdistress(discomfort).Thisisaformidablecueorsignalthatthepersonisexperiencinganextremeamountofstress.theturned-downcornersofthemouthisanormalbehaviorandassuchisnotanaccuratesignofdistress.However,forthelargemajorityofus,thisisaveryaccuratetellofnegativethoughtsorsentiments.Thisbehaviorusuallymeanstheydisagreewithwhatisbeingsaidortheyareconsideringanalternativethoughtoridea.auniversalactofcontempt.Itisdisrespectfulandreflectsalackofcaringorempathyonthepartofthepersondoingthesneering.單邊唇抬