非謂語動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)課件

非謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)

主動語態(tài)

時態(tài)．不定式動名詞分詞

一般時tododoingdoing

進行時tobedoing

完成時tohavedonehavingdonehavingdone

被動語態(tài)

一般時tobedonebeingdonedone

進行時beingdone

完成時tohavebeendonehavingbeendonehavingbeendone非謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)1動名詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法1.動名詞的一般形式表示一般性動作，（即是不明確過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膭幼鳎┗蚴桥c謂語動詞同時發(fā)生的動作WeareinterestedinclimbingmountainsIprefersingingtodancing2如果強調(diào)動名詞的完成時，要用完成形式Iregrethavingtakenheradvice.Hewaspraisedforhavingpassedtheexam.3當(dāng)一個動名詞邏輯上的主語是該動名詞的承受者，這個動名詞要用被動形式HeenteredtheroomwithoutbeingseenHerememberedbeingtakentoBeijingwhenhewasachild4如果動名詞表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，要用完成形式HeisproudofhavingbeensenttoworkinTibet.Tomregrettednothavingbeeninvitedtotheparty.動名詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法1.動名詞的一般形式表示一般性動作，2不定式時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法1.不定式的動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生時，用一般時態(tài)Hewantedtoseeyou2.強調(diào)不定式的動作正在進行時，用進行時態(tài)WhenIcamein,hepretendedtobereadingabookHeissaidtobewritinganovel3.強調(diào)不定式的動作在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生時，用不定式完成時Heissaidtohavewrittenanovel.I’msogladtohaveseenyou.Thegroundissowet,Itmusthaverainedlastnight

不定式被動語態(tài)的用法.A,當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是不定式的承受者時，用被動語態(tài)SheaskedtobesenttoworkinTibet(賓語)ThebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoEnglish(或叫合Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere(主語)不定式時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法1.不定式的動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生時3句子的主語是不定式的邏輯主語，盡管不定式與被修飾詞是被動關(guān)系，也還要用主動語態(tài)1,Givehimsomebooktoread\Doyouhaveanyclothestowash?“Doyouhaveanyclothestobewashed?”askedthemaid2,S+be+easy\difficult\hard\pleasant\interesting\exciting\comfortable+todoThisquestioniseasytoanswerTheboyisdifficulttoteach3,Thehouseistolet\Themanageristoblame.\Thereasonisnotfartoseek.4Therebe句型中，主動形式或被動形式均可但有時含意不同Thereisnothingtodonow(wehavenothingtodonow)現(xiàn)在沒事干Thereisnothingtobedonenow(wecandonothingnow)現(xiàn)在沒什么辦法Thereisnothingtosee(nothingisworthseeing)沒有東西值得看Thereisnothingtobeseen看不見有什么東西句子的主語是不定式的邏輯主語，盡管不定式與被修飾詞是被4分詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法

如果強調(diào)分詞表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，要用完成形式。Nothavingfinishedhishomework,Tomwasmadetostayatschool.Havingclosedallthewindows,IwenthomeHavingbeeninvitedtotheparty,Tomwasveryhappy.

分詞所表示的動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生。分詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系時被動的，要用被動語態(tài)1.Lookingoutofthewindow,Icanseemanycarsandbuses.2.SeenfromthetopofDragonTower,Harbinlooksmorebeautiful.3.Theteachercamein,_______manystudents.(follow)4.Theteachercamein,_______bymanystudents.(follow)followingfollowed

如果強調(diào)分詞表示的動作正在進行時，要用分詞的進行時態(tài)。1.Beingrepaired,thebuildingisforbiddentoenter.2.ThehousebeingbuiltnowisaHopeProjectSchool.3.Passingbytheaccidentscene,Isawthemanbadlyhurt

beingcarriedontoanambulance.分詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法如果強調(diào)分詞表示的動作5Task:

completethefollowingsentences1.“＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿（你有衣服要洗嗎）?themaidasked.2.________________(沒有完成作業(yè)),TomwasforbiddentowatchTV.3.________________(正在刷油漆),thehousewasnotallowedtoenter.4.________________(被邀請參加舞會),Maryfeltexcited.5.Thedifficultmathsproblem____________________(很難算出）.6.Shewasangryfor__________________(沒有被邀請）totheball.7.Thethiefstoleintothestore_________________(沒人看到）8.Theflat_________________(出租）9.Themanwhowasondutythatday_________________(應(yīng)受譴責(zé)）10.Theywereproudof____________________(被派往西藏去工作）11.Whentheteachercamein,Tom_________________(假裝再看書）12.NiPingissaid____________________(寫了一本名叫“日子”的書）13.SongDandanissaid_______________(在寫一本叫“月子”的書）14._________________(從窗戶往外看),Icanseemanytallbuildings.15._________________(從山頂往下看),thecitylooksmorebeautiful.16._________________(他有很多活要干）.Don’tbotherhim.17._________________(他有很多活要干)andyoucango,too.DoyouhaveanyclothestobewashedNothavingfinishedhishomework,BeingpaintedNothavingbeeninvitedtotheball,isdifficulttoworkoutnothavingbeeninvitedwithoutbeingseenistoletistoblamehavingbeensenttoworkinTibetpretendedtobereadingtohavewrittenabookcalled“TheDays”tobewritingabooknamed“TheMonths”Lookingoutofthewindow,Seenfromtopofthehill,HehasalotofworktodoHehasalotofworktobedoneTask:completethefollowing6二、不省“to”的情況(1)在usedto\begoingto\meanto\oughtto\planto\tryto\wouldliketo\wouldloveto\hopeto\wantto下列句子中，to通常都得留Eg:Hedoesn’tgetupearly,butheusedto–canyouworkoutthismathsproblem?--I’lltryto(2)在be+adj(如：glad,happy,pleased,anxious,willing,ready）等此后保留toEg：---Wouldyouliketojoinusinthegame?---I’dloveto3.在ask,advise,allow,permit,persuade,tell,wish等詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中to通常保留Eg:Dotheexperimentasyourteachertellsyouto4.不定式的否定形式后保留toEg:HewantedtoquizschoolandIadvisedhimnotto注：to后若是主動詞have或be時，必須保留。Eg:---Sorry,Ididn’tfinisheddoingmyhomework.---YououghttohaveOurschoolisnolongerwhatitusedtobe二、不省“to”的情況7

Wh-+todo結(jié)構(gòu)

1作主語Whentostart\Howtogothere\Wheretogo\Whotodoithasnotbeendecided.2賓語。在discover,findout,know,see,show,understand等動詞后，不直接用不定式作賓語，必須用wh--+to結(jié)構(gòu)，在下列詞中也帶這種結(jié)構(gòu),decide,learn,remember,forget,wonderIdon’tknowwhentostartwhotodoit\howtodoit\wheretogo\whethertodoit3表語Theproblemiswhentostartit\whotodoit\howtogothere\wheretogo4狀語。Shewasataloss(asto)whattodo她不知如何是好5同位語：Ihavenoideawhichonetotake我不知道該拿哪個注：why(not)do…Wh-+todo結(jié)構(gòu)1作主語Whentosta8Task:

completethefollowingsentences1.__________________(什么時候動身）isstillundecided.2.Theproblemis________________________(去哪）？3.Idon’tknow_________________________(選擇哪一個）4.Doyouunderstand____________________(如何操縱這臺電腦）?5.______________________(誰適合這項工作)isstillunknown.6.Ihavenoidea____________________________(為什么不去北京）7.You’d

better_______________________(不要忘記過去）8.Iwouldratherstarvetodeath___________________(也不去乞討）9._____________(我寧愿考試不及格）ratherthancheatintheexam10.Noonesupportedmeatthemeeting,so_________(我只得放棄）11.WhatIwanttodois____________________(幫你提高英語）12.Icoulddonothingintheworld_________（只能在詞在等一小時）13.------Wouldyouliketocometomybirthdayparty?------________________(我很想去），butI’mtoobusy.14.Ourschool_______________________(已不是以前的老樣子了）15.Myhometown_____________________(還是以前的老樣子）16.Heattemptedtoquizhisjoband___________(我們都勸他不要）WhentostartoffwheretogowhichonetochoosehowtorunthecomputerWhotobefitforthejobwhynotgotoBeijing.notforgetthepastratherthangobeggingI’dratherfailtopassIcannotbutgiveuphelpyouimproveyourEnglishbutwaithereforanotherhourI’dlovetoisnolongerwhatitusedtobeiswhatiswasbeforewealladvisedhimnottoTask:completethefollowing9非謂語動詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

一．不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)forsbtodosth1作主語:It’seasyforustorememberafewnewwords2作賓語:IfinditimpossibleforTomtopasstheexam.3作表語:Thisisforyoutodecide4定語:Ihavealotofworkforyoutodo5狀語:Theboxistooheavyformetotake

二、分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(詞/代詞（主格）+分詞)在句中多用來作狀語Hefelltotheground,nosebleedingHecameintotheroom,hairtiedback.

三、動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)（名詞或代詞的所有格+doing)1作主語:Mary’scominglatemadeherteacherangryIt’snouseyourtellingmenottoworry2作賓語:Motherinsistedonmybrother’sgoingtocollegeWouldyoumindmyopeningthedoor?注：在口語中，動名詞前的代詞可用賓格，名詞也可不用所有格3作表語:Whatistroublingusistheirnothavingenoughmoney非謂語動詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)10With結(jié)構(gòu)With+名詞或代詞（賓格）+名詞（短語）+不定式（短語）+現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）+過去分詞（短語）+介詞短語+形容詞（短語）+副詞（短語）HecameintotheroomwithTomandJanehisclassmateswithalotofworktodowithhisnosebleeding.withhishairtiedattheback.withapairofsunglassesonhisnose.withhisfaceredwithcoldwithnothingon.Doyouknowtheboy……?With結(jié)構(gòu)With+名詞或代詞（賓格）+名詞11分詞和不定式的獨立成分

分詞或分詞短語作獨立成份（作狀語或插入語）strictlyspeaking,generallyspeaking,franklyspeaking,judgingbyFrom，broadlyspeakingtalkingof,considering,supposingTaking…intoconsideration,Strictlyspeaking，thissentenceiswrong.Judgingbythefacts,Tomtoldusthetruth.Thehousecosthim,roughlyspeaking,200,000dollars

不定式或不定式短語作獨立成份（狀語或插入語）totell(you)thetruth,tobe,honest,tobefrank,tobeexact,tobebrieftobeginwith,tostartwith,todohimjustice(說句對他公道的話）Totellyouthetruth,IdowanttolearnEnglishwell.Tobefrank,youhaveprobablydonewrongtoher.Todohimjustice,heisquitefitforthejob.分詞和不定式的獨立成分分詞或分12Task:

completethefollowingsentences1.___________________(馬麗遲到了）madeherteacherquiteangry.2.___________________(時間允許）,I’llgowithyoutothepark.3.It’seasy_____________________(我們學(xué)好英語）4.

Ifinditimpossible____________________(湯姆按時完成作業(yè)）.5.Thisis_____________________(有你來告訴湯姆）6.Ihavemanyletters______________(要珍妮來寫）7.Theboxistooheavy______________(我抬不起來）8.________________(跟你說實話吧）,Idon’tlikeEnglish9.________________(嚴(yán)格地講）,thissentenceiswrong.10._______________(說句對他公道的話）,heisnottoblame11._______________(考慮到他的能力），hedidtheworkfairlywell.12._____________(綠色信號燈給過后),carsandbusesbegantomove.13.Heclimbedoverthefence,___________________(手里拿著刀）.14.Hewenttothepostoffice____________________(要買幾張郵票）15.Hewentoutofthepostoffice________________(買了幾張郵票）16.Tomcameintotheroom,____________________(手被綁在背后）Mary’scominglatetoschoolTimepermitting,forustolearnEnglishwellforTomtocompletehishomeworkintim.foryoutotellTomforJanetowriteformetocarryTotellyouthetruthStrictlyspeaking,TodohimjusticeTakehisabilityintoconsideration,Greensignalsgiven,swordinhandwithafewstampstobuywithafewstampsboughthandstiedatthebackTask:completethefollowing13非謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)

主動語態(tài)

時態(tài)．不定式動名詞分詞

一般時tododoingdoing

進行時tobedoing

完成時tohavedonehavingdonehavingdone

被動語態(tài)

一般時tobedonebeingdonedone

進行時beingdone

完成時tohavebeendonehavingbeendonehavingbeendone非謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)14動名詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法1.動名詞的一般形式表示一般性動作，（即是不明確過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膭幼鳎┗蚴桥c謂語動詞同時發(fā)生的動作WeareinterestedinclimbingmountainsIprefersingingtodancing2如果強調(diào)動名詞的完成時，要用完成形式Iregrethavingtakenheradvice.Hewaspraisedforhavingpassedtheexam.3當(dāng)一個動名詞邏輯上的主語是該動名詞的承受者，這個動名詞要用被動形式HeenteredtheroomwithoutbeingseenHerememberedbeingtakentoBeijingwhenhewasachild4如果動名詞表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，要用完成形式HeisproudofhavingbeensenttoworkinTibet.Tomregrettednothavingbeeninvitedtotheparty.動名詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法1.動名詞的一般形式表示一般性動作，15不定式時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法1.不定式的動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生時，用一般時態(tài)Hewantedtoseeyou2.強調(diào)不定式的動作正在進行時，用進行時態(tài)WhenIcamein,hepretendedtobereadingabookHeissaidtobewritinganovel3.強調(diào)不定式的動作在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生時，用不定式完成時Heissaidtohavewrittenanovel.I’msogladtohaveseenyou.Thegroundissowet,Itmusthaverainedlastnight

不定式被動語態(tài)的用法.A,當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是不定式的承受者時，用被動語態(tài)SheaskedtobesenttoworkinTibet(賓語)ThebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoEnglish(或叫合Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere(主語)不定式時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法1.不定式的動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生時16句子的主語是不定式的邏輯主語，盡管不定式與被修飾詞是被動關(guān)系，也還要用主動語態(tài)1,Givehimsomebooktoread\Doyouhaveanyclothestowash?“Doyouhaveanyclothestobewashed?”askedthemaid2,S+be+easy\difficult\hard\pleasant\interesting\exciting\comfortable+todoThisquestioniseasytoanswerTheboyisdifficulttoteach3,Thehouseistolet\Themanageristoblame.\Thereasonisnotfartoseek.4Therebe句型中，主動形式或被動形式均可但有時含意不同Thereisnothingtodonow(wehavenothingtodonow)現(xiàn)在沒事干Thereisnothingtobedonenow(wecandonothingnow)現(xiàn)在沒什么辦法Thereisnothingtosee(nothingisworthseeing)沒有東西值得看Thereisnothingtobeseen看不見有什么東西句子的主語是不定式的邏輯主語，盡管不定式與被修飾詞是被17分詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法

如果強調(diào)分詞表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，要用完成形式。Nothavingfinishedhishomework,Tomwasmadetostayatschool.Havingclosedallthewindows,IwenthomeHavingbeeninvitedtotheparty,Tomwasveryhappy.

分詞所表示的動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生。分詞與其邏輯主語的關(guān)系時被動的，要用被動語態(tài)1.Lookingoutofthewindow,Icanseemanycarsandbuses.2.SeenfromthetopofDragonTower,Harbinlooksmorebeautiful.3.Theteachercamein,_______manystudents.(follow)4.Theteachercamein,_______bymanystudents.(follow)followingfollowed

如果強調(diào)分詞表示的動作正在進行時，要用分詞的進行時態(tài)。1.Beingrepaired,thebuildingisforbiddentoenter.2.ThehousebeingbuiltnowisaHopeProjectSchool.3.Passingbytheaccidentscene,Isawthemanbadlyhurt

beingcarriedontoanambulance.分詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法如果強調(diào)分詞表示的動作18Task:

completethefollowingsentences1.“＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿（你有衣服要洗嗎）?themaidasked.2.________________(沒有完成作業(yè)),TomwasforbiddentowatchTV.3.________________(正在刷油漆),thehousewasnotallowedtoenter.4.________________(被邀請參加舞會),Maryfeltexcited.5.Thedifficultmathsproblem____________________(很難算出）.6.Shewasangryfor__________________(沒有被邀請）totheball.7.Thethiefstoleintothestore_________________(沒人看到）8.Theflat_________________(出租）9.Themanwhowasondutythatday_________________(應(yīng)受譴責(zé)）10.Theywereproudof____________________(被派往西藏去工作）11.Whentheteachercamein,Tom_________________(假裝再看書）12.NiPingissaid____________________(寫了一本名叫“日子”的書）13.SongDandanissaid_______________(在寫一本叫“月子”的書）14._________________(從窗戶往外看),Icanseemanytallbuildings.15._________________(從山頂往下看),thecitylooksmorebeautiful.16._________________(他有很多活要干）.Don’tbotherhim.17._________________(他有很多活要干)andyoucango,too.DoyouhaveanyclothestobewashedNothavingfinishedhishomework,BeingpaintedNothavingbeeninvitedtotheball,isdifficulttoworkoutnothavingbeeninvitedwithoutbeingseenistoletistoblamehavingbeensenttoworkinTibetpretendedtobereadingtohavewrittenabookcalled“TheDays”tobewritingabooknamed“TheMonths”Lookingoutofthewindow,Seenfromtopofthehill,HehasalotofworktodoHehasalotofworktobedoneTask:completethefollowing19二、不省“to”的情況(1)在usedto\begoingto\meanto\oughtto\planto\tryto\wouldliketo\wouldloveto\hopeto\wantto下列句子中，to通常都得留Eg:Hedoesn’tgetupearly,butheusedto–canyouworkoutthismathsproblem?--I’lltryto(2)在be+adj(如：glad,happy,pleased,anxious,willing,ready）等此后保留toEg：---Wouldyouliketojoinusinthegame?---I’dloveto3.在ask,advise,allow,permit,persuade,tell,wish等詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中to通常保留Eg:Dotheexperimentasyourteachertellsyouto4.不定式的否定形式后保留toEg:HewantedtoquizschoolandIadvisedhimnotto注：to后若是主動詞have或be時，必須保留。Eg:---Sorry,Ididn’tfinisheddoingmyhomework.---YououghttohaveOurschoolisnolongerwhatitusedtobe二、不省“to”的情況20

Wh-+todo結(jié)構(gòu)

1作主語Whentostart\Howtogothere\Wheretogo\Whotodoithasnotbeendecided.2賓語。在discover,findout,know,see,show,understand等動詞后，不直接用不定式作賓語，必須用wh--+to結(jié)構(gòu)，在下列詞中也帶這種結(jié)構(gòu),decide,learn,remember,forget,wonderIdon’tknowwhentostartwhotodoit\howtodoit\wheretogo\whethertodoit3表語Theproblemiswhentostartit\whotodoit\howtogothere\wheretogo4狀語。Shewasataloss(asto)whattodo她不知如何是好5同位語：Ihavenoideawhichonetotake我不知道該拿哪個注：why(not)do…Wh-+todo結(jié)構(gòu)1作主語Whentosta21Task:

completethefollowingsentences1.__________________(什么時候動身）isstillundecided.2.Theproblemis________________________(去哪）？3.Idon’tknow_________________________(選擇哪一個）4.Doyouunderstand____________________(如何操縱這臺電腦）?5.______________________(誰適合這項工作)isstillunknown.6.Ihavenoidea____________________________(為什么不去北京）7.You’d

better_______________________(不要忘記過去）8.Iwouldratherstarvetodeath___________________(也不去乞討）9._____________(我寧愿考試不及格）ratherthancheatintheexam10.Noonesupportedmeatthemeeting,so_________(我只得放棄）11.WhatIwanttodois____________________(幫你提高英語）12.Icoulddonothingintheworld_________（只能在詞在等一小時）13.------Wouldyouliketocometomybirthdayparty?------________________(我很想去），butI’mtoobusy.14.Ourschool_______________________(已不是以前的老樣子了）15.Myhometown_____________________(還是以前的老樣子）16.Heattemptedtoquizhisjoband___________(我們都勸他不要）WhentostartoffwheretogowhichonetochoosehowtorunthecomputerWhotobefitforthejobwhynotgotoBeijing.notforgetthepastratherthangobeggingI’dratherfailtopassIcannotbutgiveuphelpyouimproveyourEnglishbutwaithereforanotherhourI’dlovetoisnolongerwhatitusedtobeiswhatiswasbeforewealladvisedhimnottoTask:completethefollowing22非謂語動詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

一．不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)forsbtodosth1作主語:It’seasyforustorememberafewnewwords2作賓語:IfinditimpossibleforTomtopasstheexam.3作表語:Thisisforyoutodecide4定語:Ihavealotofworkforyoutodo5狀語:Theboxistooheavyformetotake

二、分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(詞/代詞（主格）+分詞)在句中多用來作狀語Hefelltotheground,nosebleedingHecameintotheroom,hairtiedback.

三、動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)（名詞或代詞的所有格+doing)1作主語:Mary’scominglatemadeherteacherangryIt’snouseyourtellingmenottoworry2作賓語:Motherinsistedonmybrother’sgoingtocollegeWouldyoumindmyopeningthedoor?注：在口語中，動名詞前的代詞可用賓格，名詞也可不用所有格3作表語:Whatistroublingusistheirnothavingenoughmoney非謂語動詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)23With結(jié)構(gòu)With+名詞或代詞（賓格）+名詞（短語）+不定式（短語）+現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）+過去分詞（短語）+介詞短語+形容詞（短語）+副詞（短語）HecameintotheroomwithTomandJanehisclassmateswithalotofworktodowithhisnosebleeding.withhishairtiedattheback.with