新編劍橋商務(wù)英語unit-1課件1

BusinessEnglishVocabularyListeningSpeakingDifferentwaysofworkingAmini-presentation1.1WaysofworkingReadingHowtojob-shareWorkingfromhome1.1Waysofworking相關(guān)背景知識(shí)

為了降低員工在工作、家庭、休閑或教育方面不同要求的沖突，減少交通費(fèi)用，兼顧工作和生活，使員工更加安心工作，降低員工流動(dòng)率，同時(shí)也為了更好地利用辦公設(shè)備，提供24小時(shí)服務(wù)，許多公司釆用了靈活多樣的彈性工作方式。其中主要有以下幾類：彈性工作地點(diǎn)（flexiplace),指員工通過電腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)和其他通訊方法在家工作(homeworking)員工可節(jié)省往返公司的時(shí)間，但此方法只適用于某些動(dòng)腦和IT專業(yè)的員工，例如文字秘書、軟件編程員、報(bào)刊編輯、作家等。壓縮工作周（compressedworkweeks),就是以每天較長工作時(shí)間的工作日，換取每周較少的工作日。例如員工每周需要工作40小時(shí)，在壓縮工作周安排下，員工不一定要工作5天，每天8小時(shí)，他們可選擇每天工作10小時(shí)，每周工作4天。長期兼職（permanentpart-time),即雇用一些不愿全天候完整時(shí)間工作，而僅利用部分時(shí)間工作的員工，其工作時(shí)間雖不是整天整周，工作時(shí)間卻定期不變（例如某私人企業(yè)定期雇用會(huì)計(jì)師在每個(gè)工作日下班后為其處理財(cái)務(wù)賬目）。分擔(dān)工作（job-sharing),即一份全職工作由兩人分擔(dān)，兩人均為長期兼職員工，按需要分?jǐn)偣ぷ鲿r(shí)間、工資、假期及福利。regularhours正常工作時(shí)間flexiblehours彈性工作時(shí)間freelance自由職業(yè)job-share分擔(dān)工作shift-work輪班工作，倒班制part-time兼職teleworking電子化辦公方式，電子辦公Vocabularytemping當(dāng)臨時(shí)工specialistadvice專業(yè)咨詢hot-desking辦公桌輪用officegossip辦公室小道消息consultancy咨詢公司，顧問公司Vocabulary3.Matchtheninewaysofworkinginexercise2totheircomments.

It’sgreatbecauseI’mmyownboss,butIstillworkwithlotsofdifferentpeople.freelance;temping;consultancy

Ilikeitbecauseit’sonlyforacoupleofmonthsandI’msavinguptogoroundtheworld.tempingItcangetabitlonelyattimes.AndImissmycolleaguesandalltheofficegossip.teleworkingMychildrenareatschoolsoitletsmespendmoretimewiththem.part-time;teleworkingWhenoneofuswantsaweekoff,theotherpersondoesafewextradayssoitsfairlyflexible.job-sharingReadingcreditn.贊揚(yáng)，功勞managingdirectorn.總裁，總經(jīng)理（美國也稱chiefexecutiveorpresident）brainpowern.智能worst-caseadj.做最壞打算的scenariosn.事態(tài)，局面delegatevt.授權(quán)，分派工作availability

n.利用（或獲得）可能性，可以利用的人（物），人員，物資保證parentalleave父母假，育兒假，照顧新生兒女假4.Readaboutjob-sharing.Writetheseheadingsintoeachparagraph.GetorganizedSetyourlimitsPutpentopaperTwobecomeoneOpenyourmindPlanfordisasterFindtheperfectpartnerDon’tfeelguiltyHowtojob-shareWouldn’titbeniceiftheworkingweekfinishedonWednesday?Withajob-shareitcan.Here’stheessentialguidetomakingitwork.(0)Findtheperfectpartner.

Findsomeoneyoulike.‘Bepreparedtocommunicateandsharecreditandblame,’saysCarolSavage,themanagingdirectorofFlexecutive,aflexibleworkingconsultancy.(1)____________________Bossesshouldconsiderrequestsforflexibleworkingfromemployeeswithchildrenundersix.Soembracethebenefits:‘Twiceasmuchexperience,skills,brainpowerandenergy,’Savagesays.(2)____________________Alwaysdiscusstheworst-casescenarios.WhenMargaretMills,ateacher,lostherjob-sharepartnerbecauseofafamilyillness,areturntofull-timeworkseemedinevitable.‘Wehadbeenover-optimistic.Ididmanagetofindsomeoneelsewhofittedinwithme,butIwasverylucky.ReadingOpenyourmindPlanfordisasterListening1.YouwillhearawomancalledMichelatalkingaboutworkingfromhome.

1)Whatdoesshesayisimportantwhenworkingfromhome?2)Whatdoesshethinkaresomeoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthiswayofworking?Haveatimetableandsticktoit.Advantages:-youspendmoretimewiththechildren-moreflexibility-thecompanysavesmoneyonofficespacenocommutingDisadvantages:sometimesyouworkintheeveningyoumisspeopleandofficenews2Listenagainandanswerthefollowing.

1)CompletethenotesaboutMichela’stypicalday.7:00–getup,getthekidsready8:30–9:00–12:00–14:30–takekidstoschoolstartworkhavelunchfinishwork2)Howlonghasshebeenwithhercurrentemployer?Howlonghasshebeenhome-working?She’sbeenwithhercurrentemployersincesheleftschool,butshe’sbeenhome-workingforfiveyears.3)Isshedoinganythingdifferentfromnormalthisweek?She’sgoingtotheofficeeverydaytomeetvisitors.BACKM:No.ItmeansthecompanysavesmoneyonofficespaceandaslongasIgettheworkdone,they’rehappy.SometimesIstillgointoworktomeetclientsandsoon.Forexample,I’mgoinginnearlyeverydaythisweekbecausewehavevisitorsfromanothercompanyandIcan’treallyinvitethemovertomyhouse.Besides,it’snicetogoineverysooften.Iliketoseepeopleandcatchuponthegossipandthenewswithmycolleagues.Imissthatsideofgoingintoworkeveryday.I:Isthereanythingelseyoumiss?M:Ermm.No,notreally.AndI’lltellyouwhatIreallydon’tmissandthat’shavingtospendtwohourscommutingonthebusandtraineveryday…Grammar:presenttensespresentcontinuous現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)presentperfectcontinuous

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)presentsimple

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)presentperfectsimple

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(2)用于表示變化的趨勢或局勢：Interest

inournewrangeisgrowingfasterthanevenweanticipated.用戶對(duì)我們新產(chǎn)品系列的興趣增長快，甚至超過我們的預(yù)想。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

(1)用于談?wù)搹倪^去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的工作：I'vesentoffhalfthepackages.我已經(jīng)寄出一半的包裹了。

(2)用于談?wù)搫?dòng)作的結(jié)果：I've doneeverything!我把一切都搞定了！現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：(1)著眼現(xiàn)在，用于談?wù)搹倪^去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的作：Michaelhasbeenworkingfromhomeforquiteafewmonths.麥克爾在家工作已經(jīng)有好幾個(gè)了。

(2)常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)動(dòng)作或它的持續(xù)時(shí)間長：I’vebeenopeningboxesforoverthreehoursnow!我一直在開箱，做了有三個(gè)多小時(shí)了！現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)（動(dòng)作結(jié)束）而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作（動(dòng)作持續(xù)）例如：Ihavewrittenabook.我已經(jīng)寫了一本書。

Ihavebeenwritingabook.我一直在寫一本書。VocabularyJobresponsibilities?Tellyourpartneraboutyourjob.Usetheseexpressionsandchoosethecorrectpreposition.Iworkof/for/about…I’minvolvedin/of/for…I’mresponsiblefor/of/about…Idealfor/with/of…Iusuallyreportup/at/to…I’minchargefor/of/to…Ispecializeabout/in/forHomeVocabularyHometradefairevent商品交易會(huì)coffeebreak工間咖啡休息時(shí)間drinksevening晚間酒會(huì)coachingevent專項(xiàng)體驗(yàn)訓(xùn)練活動(dòng)usefulcontacts有用的人際關(guān)系co-chair聯(lián)合總裁，主席Internalcommunication

內(nèi)部交流VocabularyHomepost-itnote便條network建立關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)networking建立人際網(wǎng)，關(guān)系網(wǎng)maximise最大限度的使用，發(fā)揮（maximize美式）socializing參加社交，交際VocabularyHomecorporateworld

商界networkingevent（為職場人士建立人脈專門舉行的）聯(lián)誼活動(dòng)locals當(dāng)?shù)厝薭espreadout分散在各地文章相關(guān)背景知識(shí)：PricewaterhouseCoopers普華永道會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所，英文縮寫為PWC，香港稱作羅兵咸永道，俗稱水記或水房，臺(tái)灣稱為資誠，是世界最大的跨國專業(yè)服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)。coffeebreak工作間歇休閑時(shí)間，通常喝咖啡或吃小點(diǎn)心。也譯工間咖啡休息時(shí)間。喝茶的工間休息時(shí)間可稱teabreak。TheCityGirls‘Network年輕職業(yè)女性網(wǎng)絡(luò)，簡稱CGN，是倫敦一家專門為剛走上職場的年輕職業(yè)女性提供人脈資源的公司。ABNAMRO荷蘭銀行，成立于1824年,總部設(shè)在荷蘭首都阿姆斯特丹，是當(dāng)今全球最大的跨國銀行之一。ReadingLife’sallaboutmakingconnectionsReadthearticlebelowaboutsomenewnetworkinggroupsspecificallyforbusinesswomen.ChoosethebestwordA,BorCtofillthegaps1-10.1.A.attendingB.goingC.meeting2.A.ideasB.sugarC.money3.A.departmentB.companyC.group4.A.workB.chargeC.responsible5.A.toB.inC.aboutToyou,networkingmightmean(1)___aconferenceortradefaireventtomeetnewclientsorpartners.Oritcouldbethecoffeebreakatworkwhereyoushare(2)_____withcolleaguesinotherdepartments.Butnowadaysnetworkinghasbecomeaneventinitself.Forexample,PricewaterhouseCoopersofferitsfemalestaffaformalnetworking(3)_____calledPwCwomen.With900members,itorganizeseventsrangingfrominformaldrinkseveningstocoachingevents.TinaHallet,whois(4)_______forthegroup,saysthatshegotinvolved(5)________networking6.A.runB.controlC.produce7.A.speakB.knowC.be8.A.doB.seeC.make9.A.socializingB.workC.extra10.A.talkB.withC.successBecause‘I’dgottoareasonablyseniorlevelandIwantedtohelpotherpeopletomaximizetheirpotential.’Youdon’thavetobeseniorto(6)_____anetworkthough.VickyWoodandSallyHopkinshadtheideafortheCityGirlsNetworkwhentheyfirstmovedintoLondon’scorporateworldandwonderedhowtogetto(7)______otherwomen.‘Wecouldn’tfindanythingforpeoplewithnoexperience.Sowethoughtwe’dstartourown.’Fromtwelvefriendsmeetingregularly,itrapidlygrewto250membersfrommanydifferentorganizations.It’sagreatwayto(8)_____usefulcontactsandbringinpotentialbusiness.FionaClutterbuckisco-chairofanetworkforthebankABNAMRO.‘Womentendtothinkofnetworkingas(9)_______andgiveitlowpriority.’butgiventhechance,womenwillnetwork–asthebank’slast‘speednetworking’eventdemonstrated.‘Withover100womenandmen,itwasagreat(10)_____.Itisamazinghowmanypeopleyougettomeetfromdifferentpartsoftheorganization.’ListeningStartingaconversationListentofourpeoplestartingconversations.Ineachconversationdecidewherethespeakersaremakingcontact.Conversation1:__________A.AtaconferenceConversation2:__________B.OverdinnerConversation3:__________C.Insomeone’sofficeConversation4:__________D.OnatrainingcourseCADBMatchtheexpressionsonthelefttotheresponsesontheright.0.I’dliketointroduceyoutoMark.1.Nicetomeetyouatlast.2.Doyoutwoknoweachotheralready?3.Wouldyoulikeacoffee?4.Sohaveyouenjoyedthismorning?5.Isthisyourfirsttimeatoneoftheseevents?6.MayIjoinyou?7.You’reacolleagueofMartinObach,aren’tyou?8.Howdoyouknowhim?9.Howmanychildrendoyouhave?10.HaveyoualwayslivedinLille?11.IknowyourcompanyislookingforapartneronthisThaiproject.A.Yes,itis.Andyou?B.Hello,Marek.Howdoyoudo?C.Thanks.D.Pleasedtomeetyoutoo.E.Sure.F.Two.Twins.G.Yes,mostofmylife.H.Yes.Isthatsomethingyoumightbeinterestedin…?I.Well,we’vespokenonthephoneafewtimes.J.Yes,itwasveryinteresting.K.That’sright.HeworksinourBarcelonaoffice.L.WewerebothatElcotiltogether.ListeningscriptConversation1R=RichardW=WomanM=MarekR:Hello?W:Hello,Richard.I’dliketointroduceyoutoMarek.R:Ohyes.Hello,Marek.Howdoyoudo?Nicetomeetyouatlast.M:Hello,Richard.Pleasetomeetyoutoo.W:Oh,doyoutwoknoweachotheralready?M:Well,we’vespokenonthephoneafewtimes.R:Butwe’veneveractuallymet.Anyway,takeaseat.WouldyoubothLikeacoffee?ListeningscriptConversation2A:Wouldyoulikeacoffee?B:Ohthanks.A:Milk?B:Yes,please,andasugar…thanks.A:Sohaveyouenjoyedthismorning?B:Yes,itwasveryinteresting.Thefirstspeakerwasparticularlygood.A:Isthisyourfirsttimeatoneoftheseevents?B:Yes,itis.Andyou?A:No.I’vebeencomingforyears.ThecompanypaysandifthelocationisgoodthenIcome.Irememberthebestyearwehadwas…ListeningscriptConversation3M=MarieW=WomanM:MayIjoinyou?W:Sure.M:You’reacolleagueofMartinObach,aren’tyou?W:That’sright.HeworksinourBarcelonaoffice.Howdoyouknowhim?M:WewerebothatElcotiltogether.Heleftaboutayearbeforeme.W:Oh,areyouMandy?M:Marie.W:Marie.That’sright.Sorry,IknewitbeganwithanM.Yes,MartinsaidyouweredoingthiscourseandthatIshouldsayhello…ListeningscriptConversation4A:Well,thisisnice.B:Well,it’squitesimplebutthefoodisverytraditionalandit’spopularwiththelocals.OnSundaysIoftenbringthefamilyhere.A:That’snice.Howmanychildrendoyouhave?B:Two.Twins.Aboyandagirl.They’vejuststartedschool.A:Wow.Twins.B:Andyou?A:No,notyet.AndhaveyoualwayslivedinLille?B:Yes,mostofmylife.IworkedinPairsforawhileandinyourcountry,ofcourse.Butallmyrelativesarehere.Whataboutyourfamily?

A:Oh,they’respreadout.IseemyparentsfromtimetotimebutmysisterlivesinNorwaywithherhusbandsowedon’tgettogethermuch.Anyway,IknowyourcompanyislookingforapartneronthisThaiproject.B:Yes.Isthatsomethingyoumightbeinterestedin……交談注意事項(xiàng)InChina,familyandchildrenisacommontopictotalkabout.在中國，討論家庭和孩子司空見慣Goodtopicsfornetworkingwithwesternbusinesspeopleincludeweather,workandlanguage.談?wù)撎鞖?、工作和語言是與西方人建立關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)的好話題。交談注意事項(xiàng)Familymattersattimesisanunpleasanttopic.有關(guān)家庭的話題有時(shí)也會(huì)令人不快

avoidpoliticsandreligionintheconversation.政治和宗教的話題要避免不談

Subjectslikesocialconditions,regionalconflicts,sex,andraceshouldbeavoided.像社會(huì)狀況、宗教沖突、性和種族的話題也要避免交談注意事項(xiàng)Itmaybeanintrusionofprivacytoaskaboutpersonalfinance.打聽個(gè)人資金狀況會(huì)被視為侵犯個(gè)人隱私uncivilizedtotalkabouteatingpetssuchasdog，rabbit,bird，turtle，andmonkey談?wù)撌秤霉贰⑼?、禽鳥、烏龜、猴子等寵物，會(huì)被視為野蠻和缺乏教養(yǎng)safetotalkabouthobbies,travel,arts,sports,andfashion

安全話題包括個(gè)人愛好、旅游、藝術(shù)、運(yùn)動(dòng)和時(shí)尚WritingBusinesscorrespondence備忘錄（memo)，電子郵件（email），普通信件（letter）和便條（post-itnote）備忘錄：是商務(wù)信函中的一種，主要用于公司內(nèi)部對(duì)公司的職員、部門通報(bào)信息，如會(huì)議安排、情況報(bào)告、問題處理等。在英語中稱之為interofficememorandum[,m?m?'r?nd?m]

，其復(fù)數(shù)為memoranda[,m?m?'r?nd?]

，簡稱memo。除了可以采用書面形式之外，備忘錄也可以通過email發(fā)出。英文備忘錄的一般格式如下：其中To項(xiàng)是收件人，在其姓名前可以加上Mr.，Mrs.，Dr.或Allstaff等，在其姓名后可加上職位和部門。From項(xiàng)是發(fā)件人，其姓名前一般不加尊稱，但姓名后同樣可加上職位和部門。Subject即內(nèi)容主題，一般用簡短的幾個(gè)字做簡略陳述，不需要是一個(gè)完整的句子，幾個(gè)詞或詞組即可。To:From:Date:Subject:BodyWritingBusinesscorrespondenceBody即內(nèi)容是備忘錄的主要部分，寫作應(yīng)該力求簡明、確切。首先應(yīng)直入主題，列出最重要的信息，然后可以具體說明事由、情況，提出意見和建議等，最后可以根據(jù)具體情況或重申主題或表示意愿或感謝。需要指出的是，備忘錄得末尾不需要簽名。但是如果給個(gè)人的備忘錄還發(fā)給了收件人以外的其他人，須在末尾cc:之后寫上其姓名。正式英文商務(wù)電子郵件的格式除收信人地址、發(fā)信人地址、主題外，內(nèi)容格式和正式書信一樣。便條通常用手書，文體比較隨意。1.ReadthecorrespondenceonEvelyn’sdeskandanswerthesequestions.1)Isitallrelatedtoherwork?2)Whichisformal?Whatisitaboutthecontentandlanguagewhichtellsyouthis?3)Whichis‘interncommunication’?Didanyoneelsereceiveit?4)Howisthememodifferenttotheletterandtheemail?Thinkaboutthefollowing:-thelayout-thebeginningandtheend-theparagraphs5)Findabbreviationswhichmeanthefollowing?-telephonenumber-assoonaspossible-at-Subject(or)WithreferencetoAnswerTo:AllStaffFrom:RayBonnerDate:24thJuneSubject:TrialofflexitimesystemFurthertoourpreviousmeeting,wearepleasedtobeabletoconfirmthatthenewflexitimesystemwillcomeintooperationasfrom1stAugust.Thesystemappliestoalladministrativeandofficestaff.MayIremindyouthatanyproductionstaffonthecurrentshiftsystemremainunaffectedbythesechanges.From:evelyn@Hi,RonaHowareyou?Igotanotetosayyoucalled.Greatnewsthatyoupassedyourfinalexam!I’msorrythatIdidn’tgetbacktoyoubutit’sbeencrazyhere.Thenetworkwasdownforthreedayssoallourcustomerswerereceivingthewrongorders!Anyway,howaboutmeetingforlunchthisweek?Ifyoucan’tmakeit,don’tforgetthepartythisweekend.Doyouwantmetopickyouupat8?Seeyousoon,EveDearMr.Hynes:RE:Replacementofitem00-A104Withregardtoyourletterdated12thJune,Iamwritingtoconfirmthatwecanofferyouareplacementitemandthiswillbesentouttoday.Iwouldliketoapologizeforthedelaywiththis.Unfortunately,thiswasduetorecentchangestoournetwork.OnbehalfofLarBonnerIwouldliketothankyouforyourcustom.Welookforwardtoworkingwithyouagaininthefuture.YourssincerelyEvelynBoerCustomerServicesTel:0207865849Eve-canyoucallsomeonecalledRonabackasap?Shepassed.BACKAnswers:Theemailandpost-itnotearenotrelatedtoherwork.Thememoandtheletterareformalbecausetheyaregivinginformationandreplyingtoacustomerwithacomplaint.Thelanguageusesquitelongandfixedexpressions.Thememois‘internalcommunication’becauseitwassentwithinthecompany.Everyoneinthecompanyreceivedacopyofit.ThememousestheTo/From/Date/Subjectheadings.Itdoesn’trequireanopeningsalutationline(Dear…)orclosingsalutation(Best…Yours…).Memosoftenhaveonlyoneparagraph.Tel./asap/@/RE2.Completethistableofphrasesforwritingemails,letters,notesandmemoswiththeunderlinedwordsinEvelyn’scorrespondence.OpeningsalutationGivereasonforwritingRefertopreviouscontactMakeasuggestionApologizeGivegoodnewsGivebadnewsRequestOfferhelpRemindRefertofuturecontactClosingsalutationMoreformalDear…(1)__________________(2)__________________(3)__________________Iwouldliketosuggestthat…(5)__________________Weapologizeforanyinconveniencecausedby…Wearedelightedto…(7)__________________(8)__________________Weregrettotellyouthat…Iwouldbegratefulifyoucould…Ifyouhaveanyfurtherqueries/problems,pleasedonothesitatetocontactme…(11)__________________(13)__________________Ilookforwardtomeetingyouagainsoon.Yoursfaithfully(whentheletterbeginsDearSir/Madam)(15)_____________(whentheletterbeginsDearMr./Ms./Mrs.)LessformalHi…Justaquicknotetosay…Thanksforyouremail…Itwasgoodtoseeyoulastweek…(4)______________Whatabout…I’mafraidthat…(6)_______________Greatnews!Theb