2018年高考浙江卷英語真題及答案

2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（浙江卷）

英語第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。AIn1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentur—ymostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（識字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens'greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It'spartlytruethatDickens'styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.It'spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit'salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossibl—eandimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?Theyweredifficulttounderstand.Theywerepopularamongtherich.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress.hisreputationinFrancehisinterestinmodernarthissuccessinpublicationhisimportanceinliteratureWhatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?Torememberagreatwriter.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.Toencouragestudiesonculture.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.BStevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.Whatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneof?Stein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts收銀臺）.Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslike?Stein?to?makethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers'argument:manycitieswithbansstillallowshoppers?to?purchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergy?to?produceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeugly?to?lookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofall?garbage?onthegroundtoday.Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergy?to?make.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute（質(zhì)疑）thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshoppers?to?usethesamereusablebagsforyears.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?Helpincreasegrocerysales.Recyclethewastematerial.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.Whatdoestheword“headwinds”inparagraph2referto?Bansonplasticbags.Effectsofcitydevelopment.Headachescausedbygarbage.Plasticbagshungintrees.Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers?Theyarequiteexpensive.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?Plastic,PaperorNeitherIndustry,PollutionandEnvironmentRecycleorThrowAwayGarbageCollectionandWasteControlCAsculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline（裝配線）onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.”Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.Theproblemsofexcessive（過度的）energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy（經(jīng)濟(jì)）isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.“Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.”Whyishamburgermentionedinparagraph2?ToexplainAmericans'lovefortravellingbycar.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica'sroadsystem.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A.Declineofeconomy.B.EnvironmentalA.Declineofeconomy.B.Environmentalproblems.C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.Afarm-basedsociety.C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.Afarm-basedsociety.WhatisFriedman'sattitudetowardsAmerica'sfuture?A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.Tolerant.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.31Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty（房產(chǎn)）neat,clean,andingoodrepair.32___Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously,.When

goingforawalk.Takeasmallgarbagebag.33Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.34Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywaythisacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.35___Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.goodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.Peopletendtolakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。Wehaveallheardhowtimeismorevaluablethanmoney,butisit36tohavetoomuch?I37backinhighschoolIspentmostofmydayatschoolsinceIalso38ateamsport.BythetimeIgothome,Ionlyhadafewhourstodomyhomework,andIhadtodoit39WhenIgotintocollege,things40.Isuddenlyfoundmyselfoutofclassbeforenoontime.Becauseofallthis41therewasnosenseof42todomyschoolworkimmediately.Iwasperformingthisactionofwaitinguntilitlaterbecame43.Oncethathappened,Ijustkept44mystudyingfurtherandfurtherbackinmyday.ThenIgottothepointwhereIwas45reallylateatnighttogetmyworkalone.OnedayI46aformerclassmateofminewhowas47alotofmoneyrunningasideline副業(yè)）.Sincehisregularjobwas48,Iaskedhimwhyhejustdidn'tdohissidelinefull-time.Hesaidwithoutthejob,hewould49havetoomuchtimeandwouldjustdowhatIdidbackin50.Hesaidthatifhe51thejob,hewouldlosehis52toworkandsucceed.So,try53yourtinewithotherwork.Thisiswhythereisa54thatifyouwantsomethingdone,aska55persontodoit.fairC.strangeD.possiblememberB.admitC.understandD.expect

memberB.admitC.understandD.expect.watchedB.loved.CoachedplayedtB.rightawayC..watchedB.loved.CoachedplayedtB.rightawayC.B.repeatedC,B.difficult.B.achievementCB.reliefCofcourseD.matteredchangedD.matteredC.valuableD.limitedurgencyD.directionriskD.habit44.A.pushingB.takingC.settingD.calling45.A.hangingoutB.stayingupC.joggingroundD.showingoff46.A.met47.A.raising46.A.met47.A.raising48.A.safe.luckily.childhood.quit52.A.heart.savingB54.A.messageB.helpedB.wastingB.importantB.hardlyB.collegeCB.foundCB.chancefillingupB.storyC.treatedC.demandingC.boringC.hopefullytownD.acceptedD.C.driveC.givingupC.sayingD.hiredD.makingD.rewardingD.simplybusinesskeptD.wayD.tradingD.fact55.A.carefulB.busy55.A.carefulB.busyC.reliableD.kind非選擇題部分第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese56(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners57cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap58canbetoeatout.Istillremember59(visit)afriendwho'dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI60(shock)whenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto61(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it'snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmuirfshome__65__dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）假定你是李華，你校英語協(xié)會招聘志愿者，接待來訪的國外中學(xué)生。請你寫信應(yīng)聘，內(nèi)容包括：口語能力：相關(guān)經(jīng)驗；應(yīng)聘目的。注意：詞數(shù)80左右；可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。Itwassummer,andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacationlikeneverbefore.HedecidedtotakemeonatriptotheWildWest.WetookaplanetoAlbuquerque,abigcityinthestateofNewMexico.WereachedAlbuquerqueinthelateafternoon.UnclePaul,mydadsfriend