考研考博-英語-嶺南師范學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-嶺南師范學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Mostofuswouldliketofeelwehavesomeinfluenceoverwhathappensaroundusandtous.Citizensspeakouttoinfluencepolicyonuseofnuclearpower,conservingtheenvironmentandendangeredanimals,localandstatetaxes,theappropriateuseoffundsbyorganizationsofwhichtheyaremembers,properlanduseandthenatureofeducationinthepublicschools,andahostofotherissues.Someoftheseaffectthespeakers’immediateself-interest;othersareattemptstomakethesocialenvironmentconformmorecloselytotheirownideas.Tospeakonsuchmatterseffectivelyenoughtoinfluencetheopinionsandactionsofothersistoexercisepower.

Eveninjobsrelyingontechnicalspecialization,theopportunitiesanddemandsforpublicspeakingskillsremainmorecommonthanmanycollegestudentsrealize.Theengineerfindsthatifhiscareeristoadvancehemustbewillingtoacceptmanagementdutiesthatincludespeakingtogroupsofemployees,orhemustserveasaspokespersonforconsultantteamspresentingresultstoagenciesoutsidethecompany.Thecertifiedpublicaccountantfindsanopportunitytoteachclassesinherareaofspeculation.Thedentisthastogivespeechesasanofficerofhisdentalassociation.

Sometimesyoumayhavetomakeaspeechaspartofyourdutiesinyourjobororganization.Perhapsmorefrequentlyyouwillhaveopportunitieswhereyouspeakvoluntarily,aswhenyouspeakoutinameeting.Someofthesespeakingsituationswillbeoflittleconsequence;youwillfeelbetterifyoudothespeechwell,butitwillnotreallymakemuchdifference.Inothersituations,thespeechmaybesignificantfortheaudience.Inthesesituations,itiscomfortingtoknowthatyoucandoatleastanadequatejob.Andyoumaynotbecontentmerelytogetthroughthetaskadequately.Tobeabletoincreaselisteners’understandingortopersuadethemisoneofthemostcivilizedwaysweasindividualshaveforaffectingourenvironment.

Somebeginning-speechstudentsaresurprisedtodiscoverthattheycangiveapublicspeechatall,muchlesstheskillfulandeffectiveonestheywillbeproducingbytheendofthecourse.Theprimarypurposesofaspeechcoursearetoexpandyourunderstandingoftechniquesandstrategiesinpublicspeaking,andtogiveyousomepracticesothatyouwillbemoreconfidentandeffectiveinmoresituations.Withskillandconfidenceyoudevelopapowertobenefityourselfandthesocietyaroundyou.

1.Thetextintendstoshowyou（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,effectivespeakingabilitydoesbenefitpeoplealotexcepton（

）.

3.Youneedtospeakeffectivelyif（

）.

4.Itisimpliedinthetextthat（

）.

5.Sometimesyouarenotcontentwhenyoufinishyourspeechbecauseyouknow（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theimportanceofspeakingbeforethepublic

B.thetechniquesandstrategiesinpublicspeaking

C.thepurposesandaimsofaspeechcourse

D.themostcivilizedwaystoexertourinfluences

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.environmentalconservation

B.audienceawareness

C.technicalmaintenance

D.careerpromotion

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.youareastudent

B.youareanengineer

C.youwanttostudywell

D.youwanttoinfluenceothers

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.agoodspeakermayhavegreaterchanceinhiscareer

B.makinggoodspeechesispartofthedutiesofanengineer

C.speakingatameetingisoftenpartofone’sduties

D.peopleoftenexercisetheirpowerbymakingspeeches

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.yourspeechmakeslittledifferencetotheaudience

B.theaudience’sbetterunderstandingismoreessentialtoyou

C.makinggoodspeechesispartofthedutiesofanengineer

D.thespeech-makingoccasionisnotimportantintheleast

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是在公眾面前講話的重要性，選項(xiàng)B，C，D是文中提到的細(xì)節(jié)，不是本文主旨，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.根據(jù)第二段第一句“Eveninjobsrelyingon...collegestudentsrealize.”即使是在依靠專業(yè)技能的工作中，對(duì)公眾演講技能的機(jī)會(huì)和需求也比許多大學(xué)生意識(shí)到的更為普遍。由此可以推斷，公眾演講對(duì)技能要求高，很難保持。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Tospeakonsuchmatterseffectivelyenoughtoinfluencetheopinionsandactionsofothersistoexercisepower.”在這樣的問題上有效地發(fā)言，足以影響他人的意見和行動(dòng)，就是在行使權(quán)力。也就是說，如果你想影響別人，你的講話一定要有效。選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.根據(jù)第二段的第二句“Theengineerfindsthatifhiscareeristoadvancehemustbewillingtoacceptmanagementdutiesthatincludespeakingtogroupsofemployees...”工程師發(fā)現(xiàn),如果他的職業(yè)生涯想要發(fā)展，他必須愿意承擔(dān)管理職責(zé)，包括向員工群體發(fā)表演講...由此可以推斷，一個(gè)好的演講者在他的職業(yè)生涯中可能有更大的機(jī)遇。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.根據(jù)第三段最后兩句可知，你可能不僅僅只是滿足于完成（演講）任務(wù)，能夠增加聽眾的理解或說服他們是我們作為個(gè)體影響環(huán)境的最文明的方式之一。所有選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

2.寫作題

WriteontheANSWERSHEETaletterofabout150wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:

SupposeyouareinterestedinbeingavisitingscholaratNewYorkUniversity,theUnitedStates.Writeanapplicationletter,statingyourpersonalqualities,accomplishmentsandotherreasonswhyyouareamongthosebestsuitedtolearnatthatuniversity.

【答案】略

3.單選題

Ihopethatourmanagerwill______theproblemsattheirroots.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.trickle

B.tackle

C.shackle

D.cope

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)trickle“滴，細(xì)細(xì)地流”，B項(xiàng)tackle“處理（難題或局面）”，C項(xiàng)shackle“束縛”，D項(xiàng)cope“處理，對(duì)付”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞manager“經(jīng)理”和problem“問題”可知，空白部分填入“處理”符合句意，A、C選項(xiàng)可排除；D選項(xiàng)是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面跟賓語需要用介詞with，所以只有B項(xiàng)符合題干。句意：我希望我們的經(jīng)理能從根本上解決這些問題。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Passage2Polyester(聚酯)isnowbeingusedforbottles,ICI,thechemicalsandplasticscompany,believesthatitisnowbeginningtobreakthegripofglassonthebottlebusinessandthustakeadvantageofthishugemarket.

Alltheplasticsmanufacturershavebeenexperiencinghardtimesastheirtraditionalproductshavebeendoingbadlyworld-wideforthelastfewyears.Between1982and1984thePlasticsDivisionofICIhadlostahundredandtwentymilliondollars,andtheyfeltthatthemosthopefulnewmarketwasinpackaging,bottlesandcans.

Since1982ithasopenedthreenewfactoriesproducingMelina,therawmaterialfromwhichhighquitpolyesterbolesaremade.

Thepolyesterbottlewasborninthe1970s,whensoftdrinkscompanieslikeCocaColastartedsellingtheirdrinksingianttwo-litercontainers.Becauseofthebuild-upofthepressureofgasintheselargecontainers,glasswasunsuitable.NorwasPVC,theplasticwhichhadbeenusedforbottlessincethe1960s,suitablefordrinkswithgasinthem.Anewplastichadtobemade.

Glassisstillcheaperforthesmallerbottles,andwillcontinuetobesounlessoilandplasticbecomemuchcheaper,butplasticdoeswellforthelargersizes.

Polyesterbottlesarevirtuallyunbreakable.Themanufacturersclaimtheyarealsolighter,lessnoisywhenbeinghandled,andcanbereused.Shopkeepersandotherbusinesspeopleareunlikelytoobjecttoachangefromglasstopolyester,sincethesebottlesmeanfewbreakages,whicharecostlyandtime-consuming.Thepublic,though,havebeenmoredifficulttopersuade.

ICI’scommercialdepartmentisdevelopingdifferentbottleswithinterestingshapes,totryandmakethemvisuallymoreattractivetothepublic.

Thenextstepcouldbetodevelopaplasticwhichcouldreplacetinsforfood.Theproblemhereisthehightemperaturesnecessaryforcookingthefoodinthecontainer.

26.Plasticsofvariouskindshavebeenusedformakingbottles______.

27.WhyisICI’sPlasticsDivisioninterestedinpolyesterforbottles?

28.Whyaren’tallbottlestowmadeofpolyester?

29.Manufacturersthinkpolyesterbottlesarebetterthanglassbottlesbecausethey______.

30.Plasticcontainersforholdingfoodinthesamewayascans______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.since1982

B.sincethe1970sbutonlyforlargebottles

C.sincethe1960sbutnotforliquidswithgasinthem

D.sincecompanieslikeCocaColafirsttriedthem

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theotherthingstheymakearenotsellingwell.

B.Glassmanufacturerscannotmakeenoughnewbottles.

C.Theyhavefactorieswhichcouldbeadaptedtomakeit.

D.Thepriceofoilkeepschanging.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thepriceofoilandplastichasrisen.

B.Itisnotsuitableforcontaininggassydrinks.

C.Thepublicliketraditionalglassbottles.

D.Shop-keepersdislikereusablebottles.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.arecheaper

B.aremoresuitedtosmallsites

C.aremoreexcitingtolookat

D.donotbreakeasily

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.havebeenusedformanyyears

B.areanideathatintereststheplasticscompanies

C.arepossible,butonlyforhotfood

D.arethefirstthingsbeingmadeinthenewfactories

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】26.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

26.Plasticsofvariouskindshavebeenusedformakingbottles______.26.______，各種各樣的塑料被用來制造瓶子。

A.since1982A.自1982年以來

B.sincethe1970sbutonlyforlargebottlesB.自20世紀(jì)70年代以來，但只用于制作大瓶子

C.sincethe1960sbutnotforliquidswithgasinthemC.自20世紀(jì)60年代以來，但不適用于含氣體的液體

D.sincecompanieslikeCocaColafirsttriedthemD.自可口可樂等公司首次嘗試塑料以來

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句“自20世紀(jì)60年代以來就一直被用于制作瓶子的塑料聚氯乙烯也不適合含氣體的飲料”理解可知，自20世紀(jì)60年代以來，塑料就被用于制作瓶子，但是不適合含氣體的飲料，C項(xiàng)“自20世紀(jì)60年代以來，但不適用于含氣體的液體”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“自1982年以來”是化工和塑料公司開設(shè)新工廠的時(shí)間，該項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴；

B項(xiàng)“自20世紀(jì)70年代以來，但只用于制作大瓶子”，文中沒有提到塑料只能用于制作大瓶子，只是提到塑料對(duì)于制作大瓶來說很好，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“自可口可樂等公司首次嘗試塑料以來”，文中只提到可口可樂等軟飲料公司開始用兩升的巨型容器銷售飲料，沒有說是第一次嘗試，該項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

27.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

27.WhyisICI’sPlasticsDivisioninterestedinpolyesterforbottles?27.為什么化工和塑料公司的塑料業(yè)務(wù)對(duì)聚酯瓶感興趣？

A.Theotherthingstheymakearenotsellingwell.A.他們生產(chǎn)的其他東西賣得不好。

B.Glassmanufacturerscannotmakeenoughnewbottles.B.玻璃制造商無法生產(chǎn)足夠的新瓶子。

C.Theyhavefactorieswhichcouldbeadaptedtomakeit.C.他們有工廠可以進(jìn)行改造。

D.Thepriceofoilkeepschanging.D.石油的價(jià)格一直在變化。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容“所有的塑料制造商都經(jīng)歷了困難時(shí)期，因?yàn)檫^去幾年他們的傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品在全球范圍內(nèi)的表現(xiàn)都很糟糕。在1982年到1984年之間，化工和塑料公司的塑料業(yè)務(wù)損失了1.2億美元，他們認(rèn)為最有希望的新市場是包裝、瓶子和易拉罐?！笨芍芰现圃焐踢^去幾年的傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品的表現(xiàn)很糟糕，甚至是造成損失，所以他們把目光投向了新市場：包裝、瓶子和易拉罐；綜合理解可以推斷，化工和塑料公司的塑料業(yè)務(wù)之所以對(duì)聚酯瓶感興趣，是因?yàn)樗麄兩a(chǎn)的其他塑料用品銷量不好，A項(xiàng)“他們生產(chǎn)的其他東西賣得不好”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“玻璃制造商無法生產(chǎn)足夠的新瓶子”，根據(jù)第一段“聚酯現(xiàn)在正被用于瓶子制造，化工和塑料公司認(rèn)為，聚酯現(xiàn)在正開始打破玻璃對(duì)瓶子業(yè)務(wù)的控制，因此他們可以利用這個(gè)巨大的市場”可知，化工和塑料公司是想利用這個(gè)市場打破玻璃對(duì)瓶子業(yè)務(wù)的壟斷，并不是玻璃瓶產(chǎn)量不足，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“他們有工廠可以進(jìn)行改造”并不是塑料業(yè)務(wù)對(duì)聚酯瓶感興趣的原因，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“石油的價(jià)格一直在變化”文中沒有提及，該項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

28.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

28.Whyaren’tallbottlestowmadeofpolyester?28.為什么不是所有的瓶子都是聚酯纖維做的？

A.Thepriceofoilandplastichasrisen.A.石油和塑料的價(jià)格已經(jīng)上漲。

B.Itisnotsuitableforcontaininggassydrinks.B.不適合含氣體的飲料。

C.Thepublicliketraditionalglassbottles.C.公眾喜歡傳統(tǒng)的玻璃瓶。

D.Shop-keepersdislikereusablebottles.D.店主不喜歡可重復(fù)使用的瓶子。

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第六段最后兩句“店主和其他商人不太可能反對(duì)從玻璃改為聚酯，因?yàn)檫@些瓶子意味著很少的破損，這是昂貴和耗時(shí)的。然而，公眾卻很難被說服?！笨芍曛骱蜕倘送獍巡Ａ繐Q成聚酯瓶，但公眾卻很難被說服，推斷可知，公眾還是更喜歡傳統(tǒng)的玻璃瓶。該題選擇C項(xiàng)“公眾喜歡傳統(tǒng)的玻璃瓶”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“石油和塑料的價(jià)格已經(jīng)上漲”，根據(jù)第五段“對(duì)于小瓶來說，玻璃還是比較便宜的，而且會(huì)繼續(xù)如此，除非石油和塑料變得更便宜”可知，除非石油和塑料變得更便宜，不然的話，玻璃制作小瓶子更便宜，但是這并不意味著石油和塑料的價(jià)格已經(jīng)上漲，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“不適合含氣體的飲料”根據(jù)第四段第一句“聚酯瓶誕生于20世紀(jì)70年代，當(dāng)時(shí)可口可樂等軟飲料公司開始用兩升的巨型容器銷售飲料”可知，聚酯瓶適合含氣體的飲料，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“店主不喜歡可重復(fù)使用的瓶子”與原文相反，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

29.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

29.Manufacturersthinkpolyesterbottlesarebetterthanglassbottlesbecausethey______.29.制造商認(rèn)為聚酯瓶比玻璃瓶更好，因?yàn)樗麄僟_____。

A.arecheaperA.更便宜

B.aremoresuitedtosmallsitesB.更適合小型場地

C.aremoreexcitingtolookatC.看起來更刺激

D.donotbreakeasilyD.不容易破碎

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第六段前兩句“聚酯瓶實(shí)際上是牢不可破的（unbreakable）。制造商聲稱，它們也更輕，在處理時(shí)噪音更小，并且可以重復(fù)使用。”理解可知，制造商認(rèn)為聚酯瓶是牢不可破的，也就是說他們不容易破碎，該題選擇D項(xiàng)“不容易破碎”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“更便宜”根據(jù)第五段“對(duì)于小瓶來說，玻璃還是比較便宜的，而且會(huì)繼續(xù)如此……”可知，聚酯瓶不比玻璃瓶便宜，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“更適合小型場地”和C項(xiàng)“看起來更刺激”文中沒有提及，這兩項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

30.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

30.Plasticcontainersforholdingfoodinthesamewayascans______.30.用和罐頭一樣的方式裝食物的塑料容器______。

A.havebeenusedformanyyearsA.已經(jīng)使用了很多年

B.areanideathatintereststheplasticscompaniesB.是一個(gè)引起塑料公司興趣的想法

C.arepossible,butonlyforhotfoodC.是可能的，但只能裝熱的食物

D.arethefirstthingsbeingmadeinthenewfactoriesD.是新工廠生產(chǎn)的第一批產(chǎn)品

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至最后一段“下一步可能是開發(fā)一種可以代替食品罐頭的塑料”，也就是說可以代替裝食品的罐子的塑料還沒有被開發(fā)出來，但是塑料公司已經(jīng)有這樣的想法，所以推斷開發(fā)裝食物的塑料容器是一個(gè)引起塑料公司興趣的想法，該題選擇B項(xiàng)“是一個(gè)引起塑料公司興趣的想法”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“已經(jīng)使用了很多年”和D項(xiàng)“是新工廠生產(chǎn)的第一批產(chǎn)品”，根據(jù)原文可知，可以代替裝食品的罐子的塑料還沒有被開發(fā)出來，所以這兩項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C項(xiàng)“是可能的，但只能裝熱的食物”，文章最后一句指出“這里的問題是烹飪?nèi)萜髦械氖澄锼匦璧母邷亍笨芍?，要開發(fā)出能夠裝食物的塑料容器首先要解決的問題是如何讓塑料承受食物烹飪中所需要的高溫，所以該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

5.單選題

Somepartofhertriedtoconvincehertomake（）thedoor,butsheknewtheywouldexpectthat.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.to

C.for

D.up

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。makeon“在……上獲利；在……賺錢”；maketo這個(gè)搭配不存在；makefor“向……移動(dòng)”，促成；makeup“組成”。句意：盡管內(nèi)心有個(gè)聲音說服她______門口，但是她知道這是他們所期望的。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，只有C選項(xiàng)的詞組能與門口搭配起來合理，因此符合題意。

6.單選題

Theyuse___salestacticstodefeattheirmajorcompetitor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.immoral

B.immortal

C.unscrupulous

D.ambitious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)immoral“不道德的（生活作風(fēng)上的道德上的錯(cuò)誤）；邪惡的；淫蕩的”；B選項(xiàng)immortal“不朽的；神仙的；長生的”；C選項(xiàng)unscrupulous“肆無忌憚的；寡廉鮮恥的；不講道德的（不誠實(shí)或不公平）”；D選項(xiàng)ambitious“野心勃勃的；有雄心的；熱望的；炫耀的”。句意：他們使用___銷售策略來擊敗主要的競爭對(duì)手。本句表達(dá)“肆無忌憚的銷售策略”，指不誠信、不公平的銷售手段，和生活作風(fēng)無關(guān)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Wewerepleasedtonotethattheearlydeliverydidn’t（

）tothetrafficjamofthe

busycity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aid

B.amount

C.add

D.attribute

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。aid“援助，幫助”；amount“總計(jì)，合計(jì)”；add“增加”；attribute“歸屬，把……歸于”。句意：我們很高興發(fā)現(xiàn)早發(fā)貨并沒有給繁忙的城市增添交通擁堵。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Thefactorypresentsasharp（

）totheoneIvisitedafewdaysago.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparison

B.compromise

C.difference

D.contrast

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。comparison意為“比較，對(duì)照”指相同處的比較；compromise意為“妥協(xié)”；difference意為“差異，差別”；contrast意為“對(duì)比，對(duì)照”，指不同處的比較。此處是將“thefactory”與幾天前參觀的那個(gè)工廠“theone”進(jìn)行對(duì)比，因此選D。

句意：這家工廠與我?guī)滋烨皡⒂^的工廠形成了鮮明的對(duì)比。

9.單選題

Manygreatinventionsareinitiallygreetedwithridiculeanddisbelief.Theinventionoftheairplanewasnoexception.AlthoughmanypeoplewhoheardaboutthefirstpoweredflightonDecember17,1903wereexcitedandimpressed,othersreactedwithpealsoflaughter.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwasrepulsivetosomepeople.SuchpeoplecalledWilburandOrvilleWright,theinventorsofthefirstflyingmachine,impulsivefools.Negativereactions,however,didnotstoptheWrights.Impelledbytheirdesiretosucceed,theycontinuedtheirexperimentsinaviation.

OrvilleandWilburWrighthadalwayshadacompellinginterestinaeronauticsandmechanics.Asyoungboystheyearnedmoneybymakingandsellingkitesandmechanicaltoys.Later,theydesignedanewspaper-foldingmachine,builtaprintingpress,andoperatedabicycle-repairshop.In1896,whentheyreadaboutthedeathofOttoLilienthal,thebrothers’interestinflightgrewintoacompulsion.

Lilienthal,apioneerinhang-gliding,hadcontrolledhisglidersbyshiftinghisbodyinthedesireddirection.ThisideawasrepellenttotheWrightbrothers,however,andtheysearchedformoreefficientmethodstocontrolthebalanceofairbornevehicles.In1990and1901,theWrightstestednumerousglidersanddevelopedcontroltechniques.Thebrothers’inabilitytoobtainenoughliftpowerfortheglidersalmostledthemtoabandontheirefforts.

Afterfurtherstudy,theWrightbrothersconcludedthatthepublishedtablesofairpressureoncurvedsurfacesmustbewrong.Theysetupawindtunnelandbeganaseriesofexperimentswithmodelwings.Becauseoftheirefforts,theoldtableswererepealedintimeandreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.Thiswork,inturn,madeitpossibleforthebrotherstodesignamachinethatwouldfly.In1903theWrightsbuilttheirfirstairplane,whichcostlessthan$1,000.

Theyevendesignedandbuilttheirownsourceofpropulsion―alightweightgasolineengine.WhentheystartedtheengineonDecember17,theairplanepulsatedwildlybeforetakingoff.Theplanemanagedtostayaloftfor12seconds,however,anditflew120feet.

By1905,theWrightshadperfectedthefirstairplanethatcouldturn,circle,andremainairborneforhalfanhouratatime.Othershadflowninballoonsandhanggliders,buttheWrightbrotherswerethefirsttobuildafull-sizemachinethatcouldflyunderitsownpower.Asthecontributorsofoneofthemostoutstandingengineeringachievementsinhistory,theWrightbrothersareaccuratelycalledthefathersofaviation.

1.Theideaofflyinganaircraftwas（

）tosomepeople.

2.SomepeoplethoughtthattheWrightbrothershad（

）.

3.TheWrights’interestinflightgrewintoa（

）.

4.Lilienthal’sideaaboutcontrollingairbornevehicleswas

（

）

theWrights.

5.Theoldtableswere（

）andreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.boring

B.distasteful

C.exciting

D.needless

E.answernotavailable

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.actedwithoutthinking

B.beennegativelyinfluenced

C.beentoocautious

D.beenmistaken

E.actedinanegativeway

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.financialempire

B.plan

C.needtoact

D.foolishthought

E.answernotavailable

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.provenwrongby

B.oppositetotheideasof

C.dislikedby

D.acceptedby

E.improvedby

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.destroyed

B.invalidated

C.multiplied

D.approved

E.notused

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Theideaofflyinganaircraftwasrepulsivetosomepeople.”可知駕駛飛機(jī)的想法令一些人反感。因此B選項(xiàng)“使人不愉快的，令人反感的”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“無聊的”；C選項(xiàng)“令人興奮的”；D選項(xiàng)“不必要的”：E選項(xiàng)“沒有答案”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“SuchpeoplecalledWilburandOrvilleWright,theinventorsofthefirstflyingmachine,impulsivefools.”這類人稱最早的飛機(jī)發(fā)明人萊特兄弟是沖動(dòng)的傻瓜，可知一些人認(rèn)為萊特兄弟做事沖動(dòng)，不經(jīng)思考，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“thebrothers’interestinflightgrewintoacompulsion.”萊特兄弟對(duì)飛行的興趣發(fā)展成一種強(qiáng)迫行為，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“ThisideawasrepellenttotheWrightbrothers”這種想法對(duì)萊特兄弟而言是令人反感的，可知這種想法不被萊特兄弟喜歡，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“theoldtableswererepealedintimeandreplacedbythefirstreliablefiguresforairpressureoncurvedsurfaces.”舊表被及時(shí)廢除，取而代之的是第一個(gè)可靠的曲面氣壓數(shù)據(jù)，因此B選項(xiàng)“使無效，失效”符合題意。

10.翻譯題

Operaisexpensive:thatmuchisinevitable.Butexpensivethingsarenotinevitablytheprovinceoftherichunlessweabdicatesociety’spowerofchoice.Wecanchoosetomakeopera,andotherexpensiveformsofculture,accessibletothosewhocannotindividuallypayforit.Thequestionis:whyshouldwe?Nobodydeniestheimperativesoffood,shelter,defense,healthandeducation.Buteveninaprehistoriccave,mankindstretchedoutahandnotjusttoeat.drinkorfight,butalsotodraw.Theimpulsetowardsculture,thedesiretoexpressandexploretheworldthroughimaginationandrepresentationisfundamental.InEurope,thisdesirehasfoundfulfillmentinthemasterpiecesofourmusic,art,literatureandtheatre.Thesemasterpiecesarethetouchstonesforallourefforts;theyarethetouchstonesforthepossibilitiestowhichhumanthoughtandimaginationmayaspire;theycarrythemostprofoundmessagesthatcanbesentfromonehumantoanother.

【答案】聽?wèi)騽o疑是昂貴的消費(fèi)。但除非我們放棄社會(huì)賦予的選擇權(quán)，否則昂貴的東西也并非富人專屬。我們可以選擇讓那些無支付能力的人享有戲劇及其他形式的昂貴文化。但問題是，我們?yōu)槭裁匆菢幼?？誰都不會(huì)否認(rèn)，食物、居住、安全、健康和教育是必不可少的。但即使是在史前的洞穴里，人類伸出手來也并不只是為了吃、喝或打斗，也可能是為了涂涂畫畫。文化沖動(dòng)，即通過想象和表征來表達(dá)、探索世界的欲望，是人類的基本特點(diǎn)。在歐洲，這種渴望已經(jīng)在音樂、繪畫、文學(xué)和戲劇的杰作中得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。這些杰作是衡量我們一切努力的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，也是人類思想和想象力可能達(dá)到的高度。它們包含著人與人之間能夠傳遞的最深刻的信息。

11.單選題

Therearefewapplications（）opportunitiesthanrobots.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.likely

B.morelikely

C.mostlikely

D.muchlikely

【答案】B

【解析】句意:很少有電子應(yīng)用軟件比機(jī)器人更可能對(duì)未來就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)造成恐慌。

考查固定搭配。belikelyto可能做…。這里加入了more，用了比較級(jí)，表示“更可能”。

12.單選題

Hewasavery____electricianandcouldrepairallkindsofelectricappliance.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.competent

B.elaborate

C.industrious

D.thrifty

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.competent能干的B.elaborate詳盡的

C.industrious勤勞的D.thrifty節(jié)儉的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析與語義銜接

【解題思路】空格處所填詞用來形容“他”是一個(gè)怎樣的電工，根據(jù)后文“能修理各種電器”可知，他是一個(gè)能干的電工，A選項(xiàng)competent“能干的”符合原句語義銜接。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】他是個(gè)非常能干的電工，能修理各種電器。

13.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Hebuiltahutonapieceofroughlandneararockfall.Inthewetseasontherewasaplentifulstream,andevertheyearsheencouragedthedryforesttosurroundhimwithathickscreen.Thegreeneritbecametheeasieritwastoforgettheoutside.IntimeMelio(notwithoutsometerriblemistakes)learnthowtoliveinspiteofthedifficultiesuponthatmountainshelf.

HisonlyneighborswereafamilygroupofParakanasIndianswho,forreasonsknownonlytothemselves,tookalikingtoMelio.TheirChiefneverlookedcloselyatMelioandsaidtohimselfthatthiswhitemanwasasmadasasnakewhichchewsoffitsowntail.TheParakanastaughtMeliotocatchfishwiththehelpofawildplantwhichmadethemsenselessinthestream.Itgaveoffapowerfuldrugwhenshakenviolentlythroughthewater.Theyshowedhimhowtohuntbylayingtrapsanddigging.IntimeMelio’spieceoflandbecamearegularfarm.Hehadwildbirds,fatlong-leggedonesandthinnearlyfeatherlesschickens,andhiscornandsaltedfishwasenoughtokeephimstockedupthroughthewetseason.

TheParakanaswerealwaysaroundhim.He’dneveradmititbuthecouldfeelthatthetreeswerelikethebarsofaprison:theywerewatchinghim.ItwasasifhewastherebycourtesyoftheChief.Whentheycametohim,theIndiansneverenteredhishousewithitssteeplyslopingroofofdriedgrassandleaves.Theyhadadelicatewayofbehaving.Theyshowedthemselvesbystandingintheshadeofthetreesattheclearing’sedge.Hewasexpectedtocrossthechickenstriptowardsthem.Thentheyhadacuriousbutcharminghabitoftakingapacebackfromhim,justoneoddstepbackwardsintotheirgreencorridors.Melionevercouldpersuadethemtocomeanycloser.

ThegroupguessedatMelio’shatredforhiscivilizedbrothersinthetownsfaraway.TheyknewMeliowouldneverinviteanymorewhitemenuphere.ThispleasedtheParakanas.Itmeantthattraderslookingforrubberandjewelswouldneverreachthem.TheirMeliowouldseetothat.Theyweresafewiththismanandhishatred.

16.ItisknownfromthepassagethatMeliowantedtheforestaroundhimtobecomethickbecausethedenseleaves（）.

17.TheChief’scomparisonofMeliotoasnakeisintendedtoshowthat（）.

18.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

19.ToMelio,theParakanaIndiansseemed（）.

20.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethattheplacedescribedbytheauthorwas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.remindedhimofhishouseinthetownfaraway

B.preventedtheParakanasfromwatchinghim

C.helpedhimtoforgettheworldhehated

D.protectedhimfrombeingintrudedbythewhitemeninthetown

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hedidnottrustMelio

B.itwasunwisetogotooclosetoMelio

C.hebelievedMeliohatedtheParakanas

D.hethoughtMeliowasoutofhismind

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Meliostayedonhisfarmforanumberofyears.

B.Meliofeltlikeaprisonerbecausehecouldn’tescapebeingwatched.

C.Meliokepthimselfalive,duringtherainyseasonbyeatingwhathehadinstore.

D.TheParakanasthoughtMeliolivedthattherebecausehewaslookingforrubberandjewels.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.oldbuthateful

B.strangebutattractive

C.unhealthybutfriendly

D.cowardlybutsociable

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.farremovedfromcivilization

B.impossibletocultivate

C.thehomeofMelio’sIndianrelatives

D.wetalltheyearround

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】16.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段第三句Thegreeneritbecametheeasieritwastoforgettheoutside.（森林越茂密，就越容易忘記外面的環(huán)境），C選項(xiàng)“幫助他忘記了他所憎恨的世界”為正確選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)“這使他想起了他在遠(yuǎn)處鎮(zhèn)上的家”正好與Melio的意圖相反。B選項(xiàng)“阻止了Parakanas監(jiān)視他”不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“保護(hù)他不受鎮(zhèn)上白人的侵?jǐn)_”文章并未提及，只在結(jié)尾處提到Melio從不邀請(qǐng)白人去那兒，因此可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段第二句TheirChiefneverlookedcloselyatMelioandsaidtohimselfthatthiswhitemanwasasmadasasnakewhichchewsoffitsowntail.（酋長從未仔細(xì)看過梅里奧，他自言自語地說，