考研考博-英語-北京理工大學(xué)珠海學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京理工大學(xué)珠海學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Inaneffortto（

）religiousdevotion,theofficialsorderedthattheschooldaybeginwiththesingingofahymn.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.relinquish

B.denigrate

C.inculcate

D.nonplus

【答案】C

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。relinquish“放棄，放手”；denigrate“詆毀”；inculcate“教育，教授；灌輸”；nonplus“迷惑”。句意：為了灌輸宗教思想，官方要求教學(xué)日以唱贊美詩開始。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.單選題

His（）brainhasworkedawayontheideaofauniversalcure.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rich

B.quick

C.productive

D.fertile

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他腦子很靈,己經(jīng)想出了一個(gè)靠譜的治療方法。

考查形容詞辨析。rich富有的,肥沃的,昂貴的;quick快的,迅速的;productive生產(chǎn)的,多產(chǎn)的,富有成效的；fertile（土地）富饒的，肥沃的；（人的頭腦）主意多，有創(chuàng)造力的；能生育的。

3.單選題

Whiletyping,Helenhasahabitofstopping（

）togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.occasionally

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.promptly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)occasionally“偶爾地，偶然”；B選項(xiàng)simultaneously“同時(shí)地”；C選項(xiàng)eventually“最后，終于”；D選項(xiàng)promptly“迅速地，立即”。根據(jù)togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth（來捋一下她又長又飄逸的頭發(fā)）及句意可知A選項(xiàng)符合邏輯，表示捋頭發(fā)這個(gè)動(dòng)作偶爾做。句意：在打字時(shí)，海倫有一個(gè)習(xí)慣，偶爾停下來捋一下她又長又飄逸的頭發(fā)。

4.單選題

InhistypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunication,Mr.HayesconfrontedIsabetaaboutnotlookingathim.Reluctantly,sheexplainedwhy.AsanewcomerfromMexico,shehadbeentaughttoavoideyecontactasamarkofrespecttoauthorityfigures,teachers,employers,parents.Mr.Hayesdidnotknowthis.HetheninformedherthatmostAmericasinterpretlackofeyecontactasdisrespectanddeviousness.Ultimately,heconvincedIsabelatotryandchangeherhabit,whichsheslowlydid.

PeoplefrommanyAsian,LatinAmerican,andCaribbeanculturesalsoavoideyecontactasasignofrespect.ManyAfricanAmericas,especiallyfromtheSouth,observethiscustom,too.Amaster’sthesisbySamuelAvoian,agraduatestudentatCentralMissouriStateUniversity,tellshowmisinterpretingeye-contactcustomscanhaveanegativeimpactwhenwhitefootballcoachesrecruitAfricanAmericanplayersfortheteams.

Hereportsthat,whenspeaking,whitecommunicatorsusuallylookawayfromthelistener,onlyperiodicallyglancingatthem.Theydotheopposite,whenlisteningtheyareexpectedtolookatthespeakerallthetime.

ManyAfricanAmericascommunicateinanoppositeway.Whenspeaking,theytendtoconstantlystareatthelistener;whenlistening,theymostlylookaway.Therefore,ifwhitesportsrecruitersarenotinformedaboutthesesignificantdifferences,theycanbemisledaboutinterestandattentivenesswheninterviewingprospectiveAfricanAmericanballplayers.

InmulticulturalAmerica,issuesofeyecontacthavebroughtaboutsocialconflictsoftwodifferentkindsinmanyurbancenters;non-KoreancustomersbecameangrywhenKoreanshopkeepersdidnotlookatthemdirectly.Thecustomerstranslatedthelackofeyecontactasasignofdisrespect,ahabitblamedforcontributingtotheopenconfrontationtakingplacebetweensomeAsiansandAfricanAmericasinNewYork,Texas,andCalifornia.ManyteacherstoohaveprovidedstoriesaboutclassroomconflictsbasedontheirmisunderstandingAsianandLatinAmericanchildren’lackofeyecontactasbeingdisrespectful.

Ontheotherhand,directeyecontacthasnowtakenonanewmeaningamongtheyoungergenerationandacrossethnicborders.Particularlyinurbancenters,whenoneteenagerlooksdirectlyatanother,thisisconsideredaprovocation,sometimescalledmad-dogging,andcanleadtophysicalconflict.

Mad-dogginghasbecomethesourceofmanycampusconflicts.Inonehighschool,itresultedinafightbetweenCambodiannewcomersandAfrican-Americanstudents.TheCambodianshadbeenstaringattheotherstudentsmerelytolearnhowAmericansbehave,yettheothersmisinterpretedtheCambodians'intentionsandthefightbegan.

Mad-doggingseemstobeconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontactasasignofrespect.Thus,intheurbancontemporaryyouthscene,ifonelooksdirectlyatanother,thisdisrespects,or"disses"thatperson.Muchlikethearchaicphrase"Idemandsatisfaction”，whichbecametheoverturetoaduel,mad-doggingmaybecomeapreludetoaphysicalencounter.AttheentrancestoUniversalStudio’s"CityWalk"attractioninLosAngeles,theyhavepostedCodeofConductsigns.Thesecondrulewarnsagainst"physicallyoverballythreateninganyperson,fighting,annoyingothersthroughnoisyorboisterousactivitiesorbyunnecessarystaring..."

1.ManyAfricanAmericansfromtheSouth（

）.

2.Whenlisteningtotheothers,whitecommunicatorstendto

（

）.

3.ManycustomersinAmericancitiesareangrywithKoreanshopkeepersbecause（

）.

4.Mad-doggingrefersto

（

）.

5.Thearchaicphrase,"Idemandsatisfaction"（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adoptatypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunication

B.oftenmisinterpretthemeaningofeyecontact

C.avoideyecontactasasignofrespect

D.aretaughttoavoideyecontactwhenevertellingtotheothers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.lookatthespeakerallthetime

B.glanceatthespeakerperiodically

C.lookawayfromthespeaker

D.stareatthespeaker

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Koreanshopkeepersdonotlookatthemdirectly

B.theyexpectamoreenthusiasticreflectionfromtheshopkeepers

C.therearesomesocialconflictsinmanyurbancenters

D.theyarenotinformedaboutdifferencebetweencultures

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thesourceofmanycampusconflictsacrossethnicbordersinurbancenters

B.physicalconflictamongtheyoungergenerationinurbancenters

C.alackofeyecontactasasignofrespect

D.aprovocationfromoneteenagertoanotherofadifferentethnicbackground

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.wasconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontact

B.oftenledtoafight

C.wasasignofdisrespect

D.oftenresultedinsomekindofmisinterpretation

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘許多非洲裔美國人來自南方…?！傻诙沃械谝痪洹癙eoplefrommanyAsian,LatinAmerican,andCaribbeanculturesalsoavoideyecontactasasignofrespect.ManyAfricanAmericas,especiallyfromtheSouth,observethiscustom,too.很多亞洲、拉丁美洲和加勒比海文化的人也通過避開眼神來表示尊敬。很多非裔美國人，尤其是來自南部的那些人，也遵守這個(gè)風(fēng)俗。”確定C選項(xiàng)“避開眼神接觸作為尊敬的表示”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘當(dāng)聽到別人說話時(shí)，白人交流者傾向于…’。由第三段第二句“Theydotheopposite,whenlisteningtheyareexpectedtolookatthespeakerallthetime.他們做的正好相反，當(dāng)他們在聽的時(shí)候，他們總是要看著說話的人。”確定A選項(xiàng)“一直看著講話者”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘許多美國城市的顧客對韓國店主感到憤怒，因?yàn)椤Ｓ傻谖宥沃械诙洹皀on-KoreancustomersbecameangrywhenKoreanshopkeepersdidnotlookatthemdirectly.當(dāng)韓國人店主沒有直視他們時(shí)，非韓國顧客會(huì)變得生氣?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)“韓國人店主沒有直視他們”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問‘Mad-dogging指的是…’。由倒數(shù)第四段第二句"Particularlyinurbancenters,whenoneteenagerlooksdirectlyatanother,thisisconsideredaprovocation,sometimescalledmad-dogging,andcanleadtophysicalconflict.尤其是在城市中心，當(dāng)一個(gè)青少年直視另一個(gè)青少年時(shí)，這被認(rèn)為是一種挑釁，有時(shí)被稱為“瘋狂跟蹤”，并可能導(dǎo)致身體沖突。”確定D選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)青少年對另外一位來自不同文化背景的青少年的一種挑釁”正確。

5.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘古老的短語“我要求滿足”…’。由倒數(shù)第二段第三句“Muchlikethearchaicphrase"Idemandsatisfaction",whichbecametheoverturetoaduel,mad-doggingmaybecomeapreludetoaphysicalencounter.就像古老的短語“我要求滿足”(Idemandsatisfaction)成為決斗的序曲一樣，冷眼盯著可能成為身體接觸的前奏?！贝_定B選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致打架”正確。

5.單選題

Asthepost-EnronwaveofcorporatescandalswashedoverAmericalastyear,acommonresponseinEuropewas:itcouldn’thappenhere.Farfromhavingtheworld’sbest-policedmarkets,theUnitedStates,manyEuropeanpoliticiansclaimed,suffereduniquelyfromalethalcombinationofgreedyandoverpaidbosses:conflictedauditorsandinvestmentbankers,relianceonaccountingrulesnotprinciples,andanobsessionwithquarterlyprofitnumbers.InAmerica,asmanyas1,200companieshavebeenforcedtorestatetheiraccountsinthepastfiveyears,inEuropethenumberisbarelyindoubledigits.Soitisoutrageous,manyEuropeansnowargue,thatAmericaisseekingtoimposetheunwieldySarbanes-Oxleyact,passedinthewakeofEnron,onEuropeancompanieslistedinNewYork.

AsmoresensibleEuropeanregulatorsrecognize,thissmugnesswasneverjustified;itisonlynecessarytorecallscandalssuchasVivendiandElan.ButEurope’sclaimofimmunityfromcorporateslacknesshasnowbeenblownoutofthewaterbythisweek’srevelationsthatRoyalAholdoftheNetherlandsoverstateditsprofitsfor200-02byasmuchas$500m.Thecompany’sAmsterdam-basedauditors,Deloitte&Touche,failedtopicktheproblemsupin2001,eventhoughworriesaboutAhold’saccountswerewidelyexpressedinthemarketsformostoflastyear.TheDutchmarketregulatoradmittedthisweekthatithadnopowersofdisciplineoverfaultyauditing.

Whatabouttherelativenumbersofrestatements?BecauseAmerica’sGAAPaccountingsystemreliesonthousandsofpagesofrules,itismorevulnerabletomanipulationthanEurope’smoreprinciples-basedapproach.Butgiventhelargelynon-existentregulationofauditorsandthepoorcorporategovernanceprevalentinmuchofEurope:amoreplausibleconclusionisthatEuropehashadfeweraccountingscandalsthanAmericamainlybecausenobodyhasseriouslylookedforthem,notbecausetheyarenotthere.

ThisisnottosaythatEuropeshouldadoptSarbanes-Oxleyintoto.ThathastilydraftedlawwasdesignedforAmerica’sverydifferentsystem.Manyofthelaw’srulesonmanagersandboardsseemundulyintrusiveevenforAmerica.Butstatutoryindependentregulationofauditors,asprescribedbySarbanes-Oxley,makessenseeverywhere.Sodorulestostopaccountingfirmsdoingconsultingworkforauditclients:anditisalsoworthconsideringmandatoryrotationofauditors.

ThecaseforindependentregulationisthestrongerbecauseEuropeanUnioncompaniesareduetoadoptinternationalaccountingstandardsby2005.Itislittleusetakingthiswelcomesteptowardstougherstandards,whichtheEuropeansareurgingonAmericaintheinterestsofglobalharmonization,ifthereisnobodytooverseetherules.YettheEuropeanFederationofAccountantsadmitsthat,insixEUcountries,thereisineffectnoenforcementatall.

21.Whichoffollowingit’strueaccordingtoParagraph1?

22.Thephrase“intoto”inParagraph4mostprobablymeans（）.

23.IncontrasttoAmerican,Europe,incopingwithfaultycorporateauditing,wouldattachimportanceto（）.

24.Itseemthattheultimatesolutiontotheproblemofcorporatescandalsliesin（）.

25.Accordingtotheauthor,theEuropeancorporatesituationis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ManyEuropeanpoliticianswouldboastofimmunityfromAmerica’scorporateills.

B.Manycompaniessufferedfromtheirabsoluterelianceuponaccountingrules.

C.ManyEuropeansprotestedagainstAmerica’sprinciplesimposeduponEuropeanfirms.

D.ManyEuropeanregulatorsrespondedsensiblytothewaveofcorporatescandals.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.baseduponsensibility

B.followinginahaste

C.givenadifferencesystem

D.actinginasimilarfashion

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ruleenforcement

B.reliableprinciples

C.justifiedprescription

D.frequentrestatements

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theinterestsofglobalharmonization

B.theindependentregulationofauditors

C.theadoptionoftougherstandards

D.thesupervisionofconsultingwork

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.fairlyoptimistic

B.quitepromising

C.somewhatdepressing

D.veryastonishing

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】21.推理判斷題。定位在首句Asthepost-EnronwaveofcorporatescandalswashedoverAmericalastyear,acommonresponseinEuropewas:itcouldn’thappenhere.（關(guān)于去年安然公司的丑聞，歐洲人的共同反應(yīng)是：這種情況不可能在歐洲發(fā)生。）以及原文中的舉例InAmerica,asmanyas1,200companieshavebeenforcedtorestatetheiraccountsinthepastfiveyears,inEuropethenumberisbarelyindoubledigits.（在美國，在過去的五年里，有1200家公司被迫重述他們的賬目，而在歐洲，這個(gè)數(shù)字僅僅是兩位數(shù)。）由此可以推論歐洲人都對自己國家很有信心。所以A選項(xiàng)“許多歐洲政客會(huì)吹噓可以免疫美國企業(yè)的弊病”正確。B選項(xiàng)“許多公司因完全依賴會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則而蒙受損失”說法過于絕對，錯(cuò)誤，C選項(xiàng)“許多歐洲人抗議美國強(qiáng)加給歐洲公司的原則”，由C選項(xiàng)可以定位到第一段的最后一句Soitisoutrageous,manyEuropeansnowargue,thatAmericaisseekingtoimposetheunwieldySarbanes-Oxleyact,passedinthewakeofEnron,onEuropeancompanieslistedinNewYork.（因此，許多歐洲人現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為，美國正試圖把安然事件后通過的繁瑣的薩班斯-奧克斯利法案強(qiáng)加給在紐約上市的歐洲公司，這是令人氣憤的。）可知這只是一個(gè)想法，并未落實(shí)。因此C項(xiàng)不符合原文，錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“許多歐洲監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)對公司丑聞浪潮做出了明智的反應(yīng)”，根據(jù)原文acommonresponseinEuropewas:itcouldn’thappenhere.（歐洲人的共同反應(yīng)是：這種情況不可能在歐洲發(fā)生。）可知?dú)W洲人是有些太過肯定與自信的，不符合明智的這一說法，所以D錯(cuò)誤。故選A。

22.詞義推測題。A選項(xiàng)“基于感性”，B選項(xiàng)“急忙仿效”，C選項(xiàng)“給出一個(gè)不同的系統(tǒng)”，D選項(xiàng)“以類似的方式行動(dòng)的”。定位到原文ThisisnottosaythatEuropeshouldadoptSarbanes-Oxleyintoto.（這并不是說歐洲就應(yīng)該……采取薩班斯-奧克斯利法案。），后一句ThathastilydraftedlawwasdesignedforAmerica’sverydifferentsystem.（這份匆忙起草的法律是為美國非常不同的體系設(shè)計(jì)的。）由此可知，作者認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)法案只適用于美國，對歐洲而言，是不需要和美國一樣采取這項(xiàng)法案的。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。故選D。

23.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到原文BecauseAmerica’sGAAPaccountingsystemreliesonthousandsofpagesofrules,itismorevulnerabletomanipulationthanEurope’smoreprinciples-basedapproach.（因?yàn)槊绹腉AAP會(huì)計(jì)體系依賴于數(shù)千頁的規(guī)則，它比歐洲的更基于原則的方法更容易被操縱。）由此可知，歐洲相比于規(guī)則而言，更傾向于基于原則的方式。A選項(xiàng)“規(guī)則的執(zhí)行”，由關(guān)鍵句可知，美國才是更注重規(guī)則的執(zhí)行的，偷換主語，錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“可靠的原則”符合題意，正確。C選項(xiàng)“合理的處方”，D選項(xiàng)“頻繁的重述”，C，D選項(xiàng)在文中并未涉及，可排除。故選B。

24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文Butstatutoryindependentregulationofauditors,asprescribedbySarbanes-Oxley,makessenseeverywhere.（但是，《薩班斯-奧克斯利法》規(guī)定的對審計(jì)師的法定獨(dú)立監(jiān)管，在任何地方都是行得通的。）而且定位在最后一段的首句ThecaseforindependentregulationisthestrongerbecauseEuropeanUnioncompaniesareduetoadoptinternationalaccountingstandardsby2005.（獨(dú)立監(jiān)管的情況更強(qiáng)大，因?yàn)闅W盟公司將于2005年采用國際會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則。）由此可推出解決公司丑聞問題的最終辦法是對審計(jì)師的法定獨(dú)立監(jiān)管。所以B選項(xiàng)“對審計(jì)師的獨(dú)立監(jiān)管”正確。A選項(xiàng)“全球和諧的利益”在文中只是小部分陳述，與題意無關(guān)，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“采用更嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，根據(jù)原文Itislittleusetakingthiswelcomesteptowardstougherstandards,whichtheEuropeansareurgingonAmericaintheinterestsofglobalharmonization,ifthereisnobodytooverseetherules.（如果沒有人來監(jiān)督這些規(guī)則，朝著更嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)邁出這受歡迎的一步是沒有用的，歐洲為了全球協(xié)調(diào)的利益正敦促美國這樣做。）可知更嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在無人監(jiān)督的情況下，也是無效的。因此可排除C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)“咨詢工作的監(jiān)督”，定位到原文Sodorulestostopaccountingfirmsdoingconsultingworkforauditclients:anditisalsoworthconsideringmandatoryrotationofauditors.（所以規(guī)定禁止會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所為審計(jì)客戶提供咨詢服務(wù)也是值得考慮強(qiáng)制輪換審計(jì)人員的。）對咨詢工作的監(jiān)督只是其中的一類，不能作為最終的解決辦法。故選B。

25.推理判斷題。定位到原文Butgiventhelargelynon-existentregulationofauditorsandthepoorcorporategovernanceprevalentinmuchofEurope:amoreplausibleconclusionisthatEuropehashadfeweraccountingscandalsthanAmericamainlybecausenobodyhasseriouslylookedforthem,notbecausetheyarenotthere.（但是考慮到審計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)的監(jiān)管基本上不存在，以及歐洲大部分地區(qū)普遍存在的糟糕的公司治理，所以有一個(gè)更可信的結(jié)論是，歐洲的會(huì)計(jì)丑聞比美國少，主要是因?yàn)闆]有人認(rèn)真地去尋找這些丑聞，而不是因?yàn)樗鼈儾淮嬖?。）而第一段開始時(shí)就有說到歐洲人一致認(rèn)為這種事情絕對不可能在他們國家發(fā)生。由此可知?dú)W洲公司的現(xiàn)狀是有些堪憂的。A選項(xiàng)“相當(dāng)樂觀”，B選項(xiàng)“很有前途的”，C選項(xiàng)“有點(diǎn)令人沮喪”，D選項(xiàng)“非常驚人的”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意，故選C。

6.單選題

“WelcometotheU.S.A.!Majorcreditcardsareaccepted!”

Bythemillionstheyarecomingnolongerthetired,thepoor,thewretchedmasseslongingforabetterliving.Thesearethewealthy.“Wedon’thaveabudget,”saysabiologistfromBrazil,asshewalkswithtwocompanionsthroughNewYorkCity’sSouthStreet.“Wejustuseourcreditcards.”

TheUShaslongbeenoneoftheworld’smostpopulartouristdestinations,butthisyearhasbeenexceptional.First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycorneroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement(廉價(jià)商品部).NobodyundersellsAmericathesedaysonjustabouteverything,fromconsumerelectronicstofashionclothestotennisrackets.Bottomretailpricesanywherefrom30%to70%lowerthanthoseinEuropeandAsiahaveattractedsome47millionvisitors,whoareexpectedtoleavebehind$79billionin1994.That’supfrom$74billiontheyearbefore.

True,noteveryonecomesjustforbargains.ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.ButshoppingtheUSAisprovingirresistible.Everyweekthousandsarrivewithemptysuitcasesreadytobefilled;someevenrentanadditionalhotelroomtoholdtheirpurchases.Thebuyingbinge(無節(jié)制)hasbecomeasimportantaswatchingOldFaithfulFountainseruptinYellowstoneParkorsunbathingonabeachinFlorida.

TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.Andwithatradedeficitatabout$130billionandgrowingforthepast12months,theUSneedsallthedepositsitcanget.ComparedwithAmericantouristsabroad,visitorstotheUSstaylongerandspendmoremoneyateachstop;anaverageof12.2nightand$1624atravelerversustheAmericans’fournightsand$298.

1.FromwhattheBrazilianbiologistsays,weknowthattouristslikeher______.

2.Thereasonwhy1994wasexceptionalisthat______.

3.Bysaying“NobodyundersellsAmerica”(Underlined),theauthormeansthat______.

4.WhydoestheauthorassertthatallthingsAmericanarefascinatingtoforeigners?

5.FromthepassagewecanconcludethattheUShascometorealize______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.arereluctanttocarrycashwiththem

B.simplydon’tcarehowmuchtheyspend

C.arenotgoodatplanningtheirexpenditure

D.oftenspendmoremoneythantheycanafford

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itsawanunusuallylargenumberoftouriststotheUS

B.itwitnessedadropinthenumberoftouriststotheUS

C.tourismwashardlyaffectedbytheweakeningoftheUSdollarthatyear

D.touristscametotheUSforsightseeingratherthanforbargainsthatyear

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.noothercountryunderestimatesthecompetitivenessofAmericanproducts

B.nobodyexpectstheAmericanstocutthepricesoftheircommodities

C.nobodyrestrainsthesellingofAmericangoods

D.noothercountrysellsatalowerpricethanAmerica

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.BecausetheyhavegainedmuchpublicitythroughtheAmericanmedia.

B.Becausetheyrepresenttheworld’slatestfashions.

C.Becausetheyembodythemostsophisticatedtechnology.

D.Becausetheyareavailableatalltouristdestinations.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theweakeningoftheUSdollarcanresultintradedeficits

B.thelowertheretailprices,thegreaterinprofits

C.tourismcanmakegreatcontributionstoitseconomy

D.visitorstotheUSarewealthierthanUStouristsabroad

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由原文可以定位到文章第二段最后兩句“Wedon’thaveabudget,”saysabiologistfromBrazil,asshewalkswithtwocompanionsthroughNewYorkCity’sSouthStreet.“Wejustuseourcreditcards.”（“我們沒有預(yù)算，”一位來自巴西的生物學(xué)家說，她和兩個(gè)同伴走在紐約市的南街。“我們只是使用我們的信用卡。”），說明現(xiàn)在成千上萬涌入美國的有錢人和那個(gè)巴西生物學(xué)家一樣，根本沒有預(yù)算，不在意自己花了多少錢。因此B選項(xiàng)“根本不關(guān)心他們花了多少錢”正確。A選項(xiàng)“不愿意隨身攜帶現(xiàn)金”，C選項(xiàng)“不善于計(jì)劃自己的支出”，D選項(xiàng)“花費(fèi)的錢往往超過他們的承受能力”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一、二句TheUShaslongbeenoneoftheworld’smostpopulartouristdestinations,butthisyearhasbeenexceptional.First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycorneroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.（長期以來，美國一直是世界上最受歡迎的旅游目的地之一，但今年的情況非同尋常。首先是世界杯，吸引了來自世界各個(gè)角落的成千上萬的人；其次是美元對其他主要貨幣的匯率走弱。），說明1994年不同于往年，其原因是世界杯吸引了大量的游客，美元下跌使在美國購物特別便宜，這吸引了更多的游客。因此A選項(xiàng)“它見證了異常多的游客到美國來旅游”正確。B選項(xiàng)“它見證了赴美游客數(shù)量的下降”，C選項(xiàng)“那一年旅游業(yè)幾乎沒有受到美元貶值的影響”，D選項(xiàng)“那年游客來美國是為了觀光，而不是為了降價(jià)商品”均與原文意思相反，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第三句NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement.（美國現(xiàn)在仍是世界上的超級大國，也可以聲稱是世界上的廉價(jià)商品部。），由此可知?jiǎng)澗€句NobodyundersellsAmerica所包含的意思是：沒有哪個(gè)國家的物價(jià)水平比美國更低，后文又提到了美國的零售底價(jià)比歐洲低30%，比亞洲低70%，更加證明了這一觀點(diǎn)。因此D選項(xiàng)“沒有其他國家比美國物價(jià)更低”正確。A選項(xiàng)“沒有其他國家會(huì)低估美國產(chǎn)品的競爭力”，B選項(xiàng)“沒有人期望美國人削減其商品的價(jià)格”，C選項(xiàng)“沒有人限制美國商品的銷售”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段第二句ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.（在世界其他地方，在好萊塢電影和美國電視劇的滋養(yǎng)下，人們對美國的一切仍然有著不可否認(rèn)的迷戀。），說明作者認(rèn)為美國的一切都讓外國人著迷的原因是美國電影電視劇等媒體的影響。因此A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈兺ㄟ^美國的媒體獲得了很多宣傳”正確。B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈兇砹耸澜绲淖钚聲r(shí)尚”，C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈凅w現(xiàn)了最先進(jìn)的技術(shù)”，D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈冊谒械穆糜文康牡囟寄苜I到”在文中均沒有提及，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第一句TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.（終于，美國也意識到其他國家早已明白的東西：外國旅游者的涌入雖然帶來了不便，可也帶來了經(jīng)濟(jì)上的實(shí)惠。），說明美國意識到了旅游業(yè)能為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展做出貢獻(xiàn)。因此C選項(xiàng)“旅游業(yè)可以為其經(jīng)濟(jì)做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“美元的疲軟會(huì)導(dǎo)致貿(mào)易赤字”，B選項(xiàng)“零售價(jià)格越低，利潤就越大”，D選項(xiàng)“來美國的游客比在國外的美國游客更富有”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,B,D錯(cuò)誤。

7.單選題

TheBritishpsychoanalystJohnBowlbymaintainsthatseparationfromtheparentsduringthesensitive“attachment”periodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild’spersonalityand(predispose)toemotionalproblemsinlaterlife.SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby’sworkthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjectedtodaycarebeforetheageofthreebecauseoftheparentalseparationitentails,andmanypeopledobelievethis.Buttherearealsoargumentsagainstsuchastrongconclusion.

Firstly,anthropologistspointoutthattheinsulatedloveaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.Forexample,wesawearlierthatamongtheNgonithefatherandmotherofachilddidnotreartheirinfantalone—farfromit.Secondly,commonsensetellsusthatdaycarewouldnotsowidespreadtodayifparents,caretakersfoundchildrenhadproblemswithit.Statisticalstudiesofthiskindhavenotyetbeencarriedout,andeveniftheywere,theresultswouldbecertaintobecomplicatedandcontroversial.

Thirdly,inthelastdecade,therehavebeenanumberofcarefulAmericanstudiesofchildrenindaycare,andtheyhaveuniformlyreportedthatdaycarehadaneutralorslightlypositiveeffectonchildren'sdevelopment.Butteststhathavehadtobeusedtomeasurethisdevelopmentarenotwidelyenoughacceptedtosettletheissue.

ButBowlby'sanalysisraisesthepossibilitythatearlydaycarehasdelayedeffects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadto,say,morementalillnessorcrime15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.Whateverthelong-termeffects,parentssometimesfindtheimmediateeffectsdifficulttodealwith.Childrenunderthreearelikelytoprotestatleavingtheirparentsandshowunhappiness.Attheageofthreeorthreeandahalfalmostallchildrenfindthetransitiontonurseryeasy,andthisisundoubtedlywhymoreandmoreparentsmakeuseofchildcareatthistime.Thematter,then,isfarfromclear-cut,thoughexperienceandavailableevidenceindicatethatearlycareisreasonableforinfants.

1.Thispassageprimarilyarguesthat（

）.

2.Thephrase“predisposeto”(Para.1,line3)mostprobablymeans（

）.

3.AccordingtoBowlby'sanalysis,itisquitepossiblethat（

）.

4.Itisimpliedbutnotstatedinthesecondparagraphthat.

5.Thewriterconcludesthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.infantsundertheageofthreeshouldnotbesenttonurseryschools

B.whetherchildrenundertheageofthreeshouldbesenttonurseryschools

C.thereisnotnegativelong-termeffectoninfantswhoaresenttoschoolbeforetheyarethree

D.thereissomenegativeeffectonchildrenwhentheyaresenttoschoolaftertheageofthree

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.leadto

B.disposeto

C.getinto

D.tendtosuffer

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.children'spersonalitieswillbechangedtosomeextentthroughseparationfromtheirparents

B.earlydaycarecandelaytheoccurrenceofmentalillnessinchildren

C.childrenwillbeexposedtomanynegativeeffectsfromearlydaycarelateron

D.somelong-termeffectscanhardlybereducedfromchildren’sdevelopment

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.traditionalsocietiesseparatethechildfromtheparentatanearlyage

B.Childreninmodemsocietiescausemoretroublesthanthoseintraditionalsocieties

C.AchilddidnotlivetogetherwithhisparentsamongtheNgoni

D.Childreninsomesocietiesdidnothaveemotionalproblemswhenseparatedfromtheparents

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.itisdifficulttomakeclearwhatistherightagefornurseryschool

B.Itisnotsettlednowwhetherearlycareisreasonableforchildren

C.Itisnotbeneficialforchildrentobesenttonurseryschool

D.Itisreasonabletosubjectachildabovethreetonurseryschool

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文討論的是孩子三歲前是否應(yīng)該去托管所的爭議。

2.詞義題。第一段中predisposetoemotionalproblemsinlaterlife,根據(jù)句意可判斷predispose的意思是“易受到”,D項(xiàng)(tendtosuffer)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:…thatseparationfromtheparentsduringthesensitive“attachment”periodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild’spersonalityand(predispose)toemotionalproblemsinlaterlife(在從出生到三歲這段敏感的“依戀”時(shí)期與父母的分離可能會(huì)傷及孩子的人格，并在以后的生活中（傾向于）情感問題)。因此C項(xiàng)正確。

4.推斷題。定位至第二段:Firstly,anthropologistspointoutthattheinsulatedlov