音標(biāo)教學(xué)教案

-.z.Phonetics(音標(biāo))Contents:The48phonetics.Teachingaims:1)Canreadthe48phoneticscorrectly.2)Cangraspthereadingrules.Difficulties:1)Thecorrectsounds.2)Therulesofthespellings.Teachingmethods:Teaching,practicingandstudyingingroups.Teachingtools:Papers,colorchalk，multimediaTeachingperiods:6periods.Process:ThephoneticsarethegoldkeytostudyEnglish.It’sveryimportantforthestudentstolearnEnglish.Soweshouldspendenoughtimetoteachthemtolearntheknowledgefreely.Beforelearning,weshouldmakeclearaboutthefollowingknowledge.音素：人說話的聲音是由假設(shè)干單個(gè)的音組成的，即使是一個(gè)很短的字、詞也是由一定的讀音組成的。英語把組成一個(gè)讀音的最小單位叫音素。音標(biāo)：音標(biāo)是記錄音素的符號(hào)。英語音標(biāo)就是記載英語字母和單詞的讀音的符號(hào)。英語國際音標(biāo)共48個(gè)音素．其中元音音素20個(gè)，輔音音素28個(gè)。元音音素：發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶振動(dòng)，呼出的氣流通過口腔時(shí)不受阻礙，這樣形成的語音，稱為元音。輔音音素：不管聲帶振動(dòng)與否，發(fā)音時(shí)呼出的氣流通過口腔或鼻腔時(shí)受到一定的阻礙，這樣形成的語音稱為輔音。前元音：/i://i//e//?/中元音：/?//?：//?/后元音：/a://?//?://?//u:/雙元音：/e?//a?//??//??//au//??//e?//??/輔音〔爆破音〕：/p//b//t//d//k//g/摩擦音：/f//v//θ//e//s//z//?//?//r//h//w//j/輔音〔破擦音〕：/t?//?//tr//dr//ts//dz/舌側(cè)音：/l/鼻音：/m//n//?/半元音：/w//j/Period1Contents:1)Study21consonantletters’pronunciationsinwords.2)Study28consonantsymbols.Teachingaims:1)canread21consonantletters’pronunciationsinwordscorrectly.2)Canread28consonantsymbolscorrectly..Keypoints:The28consonantsounds.Difficulties:Therulesofthe21consonantletters’pronunciationsinwordscorrectly.Teachingtools:Colorchalk;papers.multimediaProcess:I.Goover26letters.II.Leading-in:Class,we’velearned26letters.Today,we’lllearn21consonantletters’pronunciationsinwords.Afterthisclass,you’llknowtherulesofspelling.Workharder.III.Tobeginthenewclass:Step1:Learnthethreedefinitions.字母：英語單詞是由字母構(gòu)成的，字母是書寫的最小單位。英語字母共有_____個(gè)，其中______個(gè)是元音字母，_______個(gè)是輔音字母，就是這26個(gè)字母構(gòu)成了數(shù)以萬計(jì)的英語單詞。音素：音素是字母在單詞中的發(fā)音，音素是語音的最小單位。音標(biāo)：音標(biāo)是記錄單詞讀音的書寫符號(hào)。音標(biāo)一般寫在//里，以免和字母相混。英語音標(biāo)共有________個(gè)，______個(gè)是輔音，_______個(gè)是元音，正是這48個(gè)音標(biāo)構(gòu)成了數(shù)以萬計(jì)的英語單詞的發(fā)音。Step2:Learntherulesofthe21consonantletters’pronunciationsinwords.T:Teachthemtolearntherules,thenleadthemtowritedownthephoneticsymbols.Ss:Learncarefullyandfindtherulesandwritethemdownontheirpapers.1．用掐頭法學(xué)習(xí)Ff,Ll,Mm,Nn,Ss,**這6個(gè)輔音字母在單詞中的讀音。four/f?:/food/fu:d/foot/f?t/fo*/f?ks/egg/eg/some/s?m/night/na?t/moon/mu:n/si*/s?ks/net/net/love/l?v/let/let/2．用去尾法學(xué)習(xí)Bb,Cc,Dd,Jj,Kk，Pp,Tt,Vv,Zz,這9個(gè)輔音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音。Bobricebedjeepbikepopteafive3．用漢語拼音比照法學(xué)習(xí)Gg,Hh,Yy,Ww,Rr這5個(gè)輔音字母的發(fā)音。baghowyeswearredrulerStep3:Goovertheknowledgeandtrytofindthesoundsof"Qq〞.Step4:Learn28phonetics:T:Teachchthemtoreadthe28phoneticsaccordingtotheChinesesounds.IV.Dosomee*ercises:寫出以下輔音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音：Ff//,Ll//,Mm//,Nn//,Ss//,**//Bb//,Cc//,Dd//,Jj//,Kk//，Pp//,Tt//,Vv//,Zz//Gg//,Hh//,Yy//,Ww//,Rr//T:TeachchthemtostudyingroupsthenhaveaPKbetweengroups.V.Sumup:Class,todaywe’velearnedtherulesofthe21consonantletters’pronunciationsinwords,pleasetrytoremembertherules,thenusethemfreely.Homework:1)Recitetherules.2)Practicethe28phonetics,andtrytoreadthemfreely.Summary:Inthisclass,we’velearnedtherulesinthreemethods.Mostofthemhavegraspedtherules,butsomestudentshavedifficultyinusingthem.Weneedmoretimetopracticethe28phonetics.Period2Contents:1)Goontostudy21consonantletters’pronunciationsinwords.2)Study28consonantsymbols.3)Studycombinationsofconsonantletters.Teachingaims:1)canlearn21consonantletters’pronunciationsinwordscorrectly.2)Canread28consonantsymbolscorrectly.3)Canusetherulesofcombinationsofconsonantletters.Keypoints:The28consonantsounds.Difficulty:Therulesofthe21consonantletters’pronunciationsinwordscorrectly.Teachingtools:Colorchalk;papers.Process:I.Goovertheknowledgethatleandedlastclass:你能寫出以下輔音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音嗎？Ff//,Ll//,Mm//,Nn//,Ss//,**//Bb//,Cc//,Dd//,Jj//,Kk//，Pp//,Tt//,Vv//,Zz//Gg//,Hh//,Yy//,Ww//,Rr//II.Beginthenewlesson:Step1:Goovertheknowledgeandfindthenewrules:1．15個(gè)輔音字母在單詞中發(fā)音規(guī)律是不變的：它們是：Ff,Ll,Mm,Nn,Bb,Dd,Jj,Kk，Pp,Tt,Vv,Zz,Hh,Ww,Rr2．5個(gè)輔音字母在單詞中發(fā)音是有變化的：Cc,Gg,Qq,**,Ss你可以通過口訣背誦：月(Cc)如鉤(Gg)，求(Qq)你別(**)睡(Ss)在上面了。3．半元音Yy的發(fā)音有變化。Step2:Goontolearnthenewrules:T:Teachchthemtofindtherulesandtrytoremembertherules.Ss:Studyingroupsandtrytoremembertherules.1．字母Cc的發(fā)音規(guī)律：在何時(shí)發(fā)音例詞在字母"e〞,"i〞,"y〞前/s/face//,city//,Lucy//不在字母"e〞,"i〞,"y〞前/k/cake//,cup//,act//2.字母Gg的發(fā)音規(guī)律：在何時(shí)發(fā)音例詞在字母"e〞,"i〞,"y〞前//或//age//,get//,gift//gym//,foggy//不在字母"e〞,"i〞,"y〞前//game//,go//,gum//3.字母Qq的發(fā)音規(guī)律：qu/kw/4.字母**的發(fā)音規(guī)律：在何時(shí)發(fā)音例詞不做前綴"e*〞時(shí)/ks/bo*//,fo*//,fi*//5.字母Ss的發(fā)音規(guī)律：在何時(shí)發(fā)音例詞在詞首/s/sad//,si*//,same//兩個(gè)ss/s/miss//,glass//,kiss//在元音后/s/或/z/has//,gas//,rise//6.半元音Yy的發(fā)音規(guī)律。在何時(shí)發(fā)音例詞y前是輔音字母//或//(發(fā)音等同于字母i)by//,my//,pay//y后是元音字母//yes//,yet//Step3:Learnthetherulesofcombinationsofconsonantletters.T:Leadthemtofindtherulesandtrytorememberthem.Ss:Learnandthemfindtherules.1.th://three://third://2.th://that://this：//3.sh://shop://shirt://4.ch/tch://child://chair://match://5.n/ng/nk://think://thing://sing://6.s/sure://measure://television://7.tr://tree://train://truck：//8.dr://dress://draw://9.ts://cats://boats://10.ds://beds://birds://Step4:Goontolearnthe28consonants:T:Teachthemtolearnintherules:Ss:Trytorememberthem.III.Dosomee*ercises:Ss:Haveadictationofthe28consonants.Sumup:Class,we’velearnedtherulesofthe21consonantletters’pronunciationsinwordsandthe28phonetics,pleaselearnthembyheart.Homework:1)Recitetherulescorrectly.2)Canwritetheconsonantscorrectly.Summary:Inthisclass,mostofthemhavelearnedcarefully.Someofthemhavegraspedtherules,butsomeofthemhavesomedifficultyinlearningthem.Theyneedmoretimetogoovertheknowledge.Period3Contents:Goover28consonants.Teachingaims:Canusetherulesfreely.Keypoints:Thesoundsofthe28consonants.Difficulty:Therulesofthespellingandreading.Teachingmethods:Practicemore.Teachingtools:Colorchalkandpapers.Process:Gooverthe28consonants:爆破音：/p//b//t//d//k//g/摩擦音：/f//v//θ//e//s//z//?//?//r//h//w//j/破擦音：/t?//d?//tr//dr//ts//dz/舌側(cè)音：/l/鼻音：/m//n//?/半元音：/w//j/T:Leadthemreadingroups,individuals.Ss:Gooveringroupsthenactout.Practiceinoral.T:Teachthemtoreadine*ercisebooks.P5&P8.Ss:Practiceingroupsandthenactout.HaveawritingPK.T:LeadthemtowriteandlearnhaveaPKbetweenthe12groups.Sumup:Class,I’msureyoucanreadthe28consonants,pleaseusethemfreely,andtrytoremembertherulesofthem.Homework:Writedown28consonantsandmake28consonantcards.Summary:Afterthisclass,mostofthemhaveknownmoreaboutthe21consonantlettersand28consonants.Butsomeofthemstillneedtimetopracticemore.,Period4Contents:Goontostudy20vowels.Teachingaims:1)canlearn20vowelscorrectly.2)CanreadandwritethemcorrectlyKeypoints:The20vowelssounds.Difficulty:Thepronunciationsofthedoublevowels.Teachingtools:Colorchalk;papers.Process:I.Showthemtheteachingaims.II.Beginthenewlessons.Step1:Learnthe20vowels.元音音素：發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶振動(dòng)，呼出的氣流通過口腔時(shí)不受阻礙，這樣形成的語音，稱為元音。前元音：/i://?//e//?/中元音：/?//?://?/后元音：/a://?//?://?//u:/雙元音：/e?//a?//??//?u//au//??//e?//??/T:Teachthemtoreadthemonebyone.Ss:Learncarefullyandactout.Step2:Thesoundpractices.T:Leadthemtopracticeandteachthempayattentiontothedifferences.長元音：/i://i:t//di:d//pi:k//bi:t//u://tu://fu:d//hu://du://a://ka://ga:d//pa:k//a:t//?://f?://d?://p?:t//t?:k//?://h?://b?:d//w?:k//g?:l/短元音：/?//?t//d?d//p?k//b?t//?//t?k//f?t//b?k//g?d//?//k?t//d?k//k?p//k?m//?//k?k//b?ks//p?p//f?ks//?//k?l?//`ru:l?//`m?e?//e//eg//es//ges//bed//?//`?pl//b?k//b?g//?m/雙元音：/e?//e?t//we?t//se?//he?//a?//ba?k//ha?//ba?//na?t//??//b??//t??//n??z//??//h??//n??//t??//m??//e?//we?//ke?//he?//pe?//a?//ha?//na?//ha?s//ka?//??//t??//p??//m??//??//n??//b??t//h??m//k??t/Ss:Practicecarefullyandthenactout.Step3:Haveamatchaboutthewriting.III.Dosomee*ercises:Ss:Writedownthe20vowelsontheirpapers.T:Leadthemtocheckandfindthebeststudentsandpraisethem.Sumup:Class,lookattheBb.Pleaserememberthe20vowelsandtrytomakeclearaboutthetheirsounds.Homework:1)Writedownthe20vowels.2)Practicemoreabouttheirsounds.Summary:Inthisclass,mostofthemhaveknownthesoundsandthedifferencesbetweenthem.Butsomeofthemstillneedtimetopracticemore.Period5Contents:Goontostudy20vowelsandclosedsyllableandopensyllables.Teachingaims:1)canlearn20vowelscorrectly.3)CanidentifytherulescorrectlyKeypoints:Therulesofthetwosyllables.Difficulty:Therulesoftwosyllables.Teachingtools:Colorchalk;papers.Process:I.Showthemtheteachingaims.II.Gooverthe20vowels.III.Beginthenewlessons.Step1:Step1:warming-up:Hello,boysandgirls.Wehaveknownthatsoundsaredividedintovowelsandconsonants.Meanwhilelettersincludevowellettersandconsonantalletters.Step2:音節(jié)英語單詞是由字母組成的。字母構(gòu)成音節(jié)。有的單詞包含一個(gè)音節(jié)，有的包含兩個(gè)，三個(gè)或更多的音節(jié)，分別為單音節(jié)詞和雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞。單音節(jié)詞單獨(dú)存在的時(shí)候，一般重讀，不加重讀符號(hào)。多音節(jié)和雙音節(jié)詞，都有一個(gè)讀的較響亮的音節(jié)，即重讀音節(jié)，由重音符號(hào)標(biāo)示。音節(jié)的分類-----開音節(jié)，閉音節(jié)開音節(jié)：以一個(gè)元音字母結(jié)尾，或在輔音字母后有一個(gè)輔音字母和一個(gè)不發(fā)音的e，這樣的重讀音節(jié)稱為開音節(jié)。閉音節(jié)：以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)稱為閉音節(jié)。Step3.practice:區(qū)分開音節(jié)和閉音節(jié)觀察元音字母在開閉音節(jié)的發(fā)音規(guī)律takemaphedeskhisi*holelotcutebus元音字母在開音節(jié)中發(fā)字母本身音。Aa/e?/Ee/i:/Ii/