初中一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進行時語法詳解及習題

wordword資料wordword資料一般現(xiàn)在時一、概述一般現(xiàn)在時表示習慣性、經(jīng)常性、反復性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。“習慣性、經(jīng)常性、反復性”是一般現(xiàn)在時的三大特性，它不表示特定時間發(fā)生的事。用法：1）經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g.Igotoschoolonfoot.Heisverybusynow.2）表示主語的特征、性格、能力、愛好等。e.g.Hecanswim.Iworkhard.IlikewatchingTV.3）表示客觀真理e.g.Therearesevendaysinaweek.Themoonmovesroundtheearth.二、一般現(xiàn)在時的結(jié)構(gòu)時態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)指的是動詞的變化形式。一般現(xiàn)在時間有兩種結(jié)構(gòu)，一種是動詞原形，用于主語為非第三人稱時的情況；另一種為動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，用于主語為第三人稱時的情況。Eg1.Weoftengetupearlyinthemorning.Eg2.Myfatheroftengetsupearlyinthemorning.三、談?wù)劇爸髡Z為三單，其后動詞s添”在一般現(xiàn)在時中，當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。可以簡單敘述為“主語為三單，其后動詞s添”。何謂第三人稱單數(shù)？用一句話概括就是“非你、非我、非復數(shù)”，如he,she,it,myfather,mymother,mysister,ourEnglishteacher,Tom,Mike,LiuJia,China,mybook,etc.Eg3.Hesometimesgoestoschoolbybike.Eg4.Myfatherworksinthehospitalasadoctor.四、動詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則動詞第三人稱變化的規(guī)則與可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)變化的規(guī)則相同。規(guī)則一、一般在詞尾加-S。如：looks,puts.reads,sees,skis等。規(guī)則二、以-o,-s,-x,-sh,-ch結(jié)尾的加-es。如:goes,does,misses,passes,mixes,fixes,pushes,wishes,watches,teaches等。規(guī)則三、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-es。注意一定是輔音字母加y才變，若是元音字母加y,則直接加-s。如:flyfflies,tryftries,fryffries,copyfcopiesbuyfbuys,enjoyfenjoys,playfplays,sayfsays,payfpays五、一般現(xiàn)在時的句子轉(zhuǎn)換（1）當句子中有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，則把be動詞或情態(tài)動詞（can,could等等）提到主語的前面變成一般疑問句;在be動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面加not變成否定句.例：述句：Sheisastudent.一般疑問句fIssheastudent?否定句fSheisnotastudent.述句：Icanswim.一般疑問句fCanyouswim?否定句fIcannotswim.（2）當句子中即沒有be動詞，也沒有情態(tài)動詞時，則在主語前加助動詞do（you,以及復數(shù)）,does（單數(shù)she,he,it）變成一般疑問句；在主語后謂語動詞前加助動詞don't（I,you,以及復數(shù)）,doesn't（單數(shù)she,he,it）變成否定句，助動詞后的動詞要變成動詞原形。例：述句：Wegetupat7:00everymorning.一般疑問句一Doyougetupat7:00everymorning?否定句fWedon'tgetupat7:00everymorning.述句：Shehasalittlebrother.一般疑問句fDoesshehavealittlebrother?否定句fShedoesn'thavealittlebrother.標志：其時間狀語為often、usually、always、sometimes等頻率副詞，onSaturdays、inthemorning（afternoonevening）、everyday等。特殊用法：下列動詞come，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return的一般現(xiàn)在時可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火車明天上午六點開。Whendoesthebusstar？Itstarsintenminutes.汽車什么時候開？十分鐘后六、練習鞏固寫出下列動詞的三單形式gocatchbrush（刷）washdolikehavewatchdrinkflysaylearneatreadsingbuystudystaymakelookpasscarrycomeplant（種植）teachbuy

用括號動詞的適當形式填空。Weoften(play)intheplayground.He(get)upatsixo'clock.you(brush)yourteetheverymorning.What(do)heusually(do)afterschool?Danny(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.Mikesometimes(go)totheparkwithhissister.Ateightatnight,sheoften(watch)TVwithhisparents.Mike(read)Englisheveryday?Howmanylessonsyourclassmate(have)onMonday?Whattimehismother(do)thehousework?3.選擇題()1.Itoschoolat7:00inthemorning.A.goB.goingC.goes()2.Theybookseverydayinthelibrary.A.readsB.readC.reading()3.Themonkeyeatingbananasverymuch.A.likeB.likesC.liking()4.Myfathertoreadnewspaperaftersuppereveryday.A.likeB.likesC.liking()5.IlikewatchingTV,butmymotherlikeit.A.don'tB.doesn'tC.does()6.yourfatherdrinkmilkeveryday?A.doB.areC.does)7.Wewillgoshoppingifittomorrow.A.don'trainB.didn'trainC.doesn'trainD.isn'train)8.Hesaidthesunintheeastandinthewest.Arose;setBrises;setsCrises,set)Crises,set)9.WangMeimusicandoftentomusic.Alike;listenBlikes;listensClike;arelisteningDliking;listen)10.JennyEnglisheveryevening.AhasstudyBstudiesCstudyDstudiedCstudy改錯(劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?Doeshelikesgoingfishing?Helikesplaygamesafterclass.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays.把下列句子變成一般疑問句（并作肯定和否定回答）、否定句例：丨likecooking.fDoyoulikecooking?Yes,Ido.No,Idon't.丨don'tlikecooking.Myfriendslikeplayingsoccer.TheyspeakEnglisheveryday.DanielwatchesTVeveryeveningJohnisfromCanada.Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.Mydogrunsfast.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.Shecanplaythepianowell.課后作業(yè)一．選擇題ThereanEnglishfilm.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.isThepicturenice.A.looksB.islookedC.lookD.islookingShedownandsoonfallsasleep.A.liveB.lainC.laidD.liesTheytheofficeintimeverymorning.A.reachtoB.arrivedC.wentD.gettoWeshallgotoShanghaionbusinessbeforeyoubacknextweek.A.willcomeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.comeTheplaneoff.A.takesB.tookC.wastakenD.istakeIseehertheroomthismorning.A.toenterB.enteredC.enterD.entersTheteacherasksustoschoolontime.A.tocomeB.comingC.comeD.comesJohnisalwaysothers.A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelpHetellsusateight.A.workingB.toworkC.workD.workedYou'dbette_rathomeandyourhomework.A.tostay,doB.stay,doC.tostay,todoD.stay,todoHesitsdownarest.A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.hadUncleWangknowsawashingmachine.A.howtomakeB.tomakeC.howmakingD.whattomakeJimdecidesPollytoLingFengwhenheisbacktoEngland.A.toleaveB.leftC.leavingD.leave一、將下列句子譯成英語湯姆喜歡英語。他們看電視。杰克是個老師。4.媽媽在11點吃午飯。5.我們踢足球。二、變否定句。Hewantsabook.Jimmywasheshandsbeforedinner.Lisalikesmilkverymuch.Theywalktoschool.LinglingandDandanare10yearsold.IamChinese.BenisfromAmerica.三、變一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答。Hewantsabook.Jimmywasheshandsbeforedinner.Lisalikesmilkverymuch.Theywalktoschool.LinglingandDandanare10yearsold.IamChinese.BenisfromAmerica.現(xiàn)在進行時構(gòu)成：Am/is/are+v-ing是現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成形式一般情況V+ingfalling以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的單詞去e,+inghavingwritewritingmakemakingride---ridingtake---taking2?以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，末尾只有一個輔音字母時，雙寫詞尾字母+ingsit---sittingswim---swimmingput---puttingrun---runninggetgetting什么是音節(jié)？閉音節(jié)？重讀閉音節(jié)？1，英語單詞是由字母組成的，字母構(gòu)成音節(jié)。一般來講有一個元音就是一個音節(jié)。含一個元音的詞叫作單音節(jié)詞，含兩個或兩個以上元音的單詞叫作雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)詞。單音節(jié)詞都是重讀音節(jié)，雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞中一般有一個重讀音節(jié)，其他的是弱讀音節(jié)。閉音節(jié)：閉音節(jié)是兩個輔音中間有一個元音的音節(jié)。例如：not,thank,ten,am,six等。重讀閉音節(jié)是需要重讀的閉音節(jié),如果是單音節(jié)一定重讀,但是重讀符號省略;如果是多音節(jié),一定有一個需要重讀。重讀閉音節(jié)（輔音1+元音+輔音2）中的輔音2在構(gòu)詞法中要雙寫，如果不重讀，如listen中的第二個音節(jié)ten（閉音節(jié)）中的n就不用雙寫，因為重讀在第一個音節(jié)lis上特殊變化（或者說以Ie為結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)的動詞）的現(xiàn)在分詞〔有3個〕：lying—lie,dying-dietying—tie這些以ie結(jié)尾要去e再把I變y再加ing.基本用法O1表示說話時正在進行的動作常和now連用，有時用一個動詞如look（看）、listen（聽）來表示now（現(xiàn)在）這一時間概念。Look!Atrainiscoming.看！火車來了Listen!Heisplayingthepiano.聽！他在彈鋼琴。02表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行著的動作但不一定是說話時正在進行。常和atpresent（目前）、thisweek（本周）、thesedays（這幾天、等時間狀語連用。Whatlessonareyoustudyingthisweek?你們本周學哪一課了？（說話時并不在學）03現(xiàn)在進行時有時可用來表示一個在最近按計劃或安排要進行的動作即是說可以用來代替將來時,但此時,一般要與表示將來的時間狀語連用,而且僅限于少量動詞。如：go（去）、come（來）、leave（離開）、start（開始）、arrive（到達）、return（返回）、sleep（睡覺）、…AreyougoingtoTianjingtomorrow?你明天去天津嗎？HowmanyofyouareComingtothepartynextweek？你們有多少人下周要來參加晚會？04begoingto+動詞原形這一句型表示即將發(fā)生的事或打算（準備、做的事,我們把它歸在將來時里了。sheisn'tgoingtospeakatthemeeting.她不打算在會議上發(fā)言。注意：如果沒有表示將來時間的狀語,此類句子就可能指現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段的動作。Whereareyougoingnextweek？下周你計劃去哪兒？用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來時，因為有nextweek（下周）這一時間狀語。Whereareyougoing?你現(xiàn)在去哪兒？因為沒有表示將來時的時間狀語，所以就按句型來翻譯，即現(xiàn)在進行時。05一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時的區(qū)別一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性的動作；而現(xiàn)在進行時表示暫時性的動作。Hewalkstowork.他步行上班。（習慣、經(jīng)常性的動作）

He'swalkingtoworkbecausehisbikeisbeingrepaired.他現(xiàn)在走著上班，因為他的自行車正在修理。（只是暫時的情況）Wheredoeshelive?他家住在哪兒？（詢問一般的情況）Whereisheliving（staying）?他這幾天住在哪兒？（詢問暫時一段時間的情況）06現(xiàn)在進行時有時可用來代替一般現(xiàn)在時，表達說話人的某種感情，使句子有強烈的感情色彩。常與always,forever連用。Youarealwaysforgettingtheimportantthing.你總是把重要的事情忘掉。（表達出不滿的情緒）Maryisdoingfineworkatschool.瑪麗在學校學習得挺不錯?，F(xiàn)在進行時練習一、按要求改寫句子1.Theboyisplayingbasketball.否定句：__一般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答：對“Theboy”提問：二、單項選擇()1.我在照看孩子.(A)Iamlookingafterthebaby.(B)I'mlookafteringthebaby.(C)Ilookamafteringthebaby.(D)Ilookingafterthebaby.()2.friend'smakingakite.(A)I,me(B)My,my(C)My,me(D)His,his()3.Isthewomanwearingyellowyourteacher?(A)in(B)puttingon(C)wearing(D)having()4.Look!Thetwinstheirmotherdothehousework.(A)arewanting(B)help(C)arehelping(D)arelooking()5._____arethebirdsdoing?Theyaresinginginatree.(A)Who(B)What(C)How(D)Where(C)eatting(B)Whatareyoudo?(D)Whatdoyoudo?(D)eats()6.Isshe(C)eatting(B)Whatareyoudo?(D)Whatdoyoudo?(D)eats(A)eat(B)eating()7.你在干什么?(A)Whatisyoudoing?(C)Whatareyoudoing?()8.Whatareyoulistening?(A)/(B)for(A)/(B)for()9.我正在聽他說話.(A)Ilisteningtohim.(C)I'mlistentohim.(C)at(D)to(B)I'mlisteningtohim.(D)I'mlisteninghim.()10.Theyaretheirclothes.(A)makeing(B)putting(C)putaway(D)puttingon()11.Listen!Sheintheclassroom.(A)issinging(B)sing(C)tosing(D)issingwordword資料wordword資料()12.TodayJimhiswhiteshirtandbrowntrousers.(A)isputtingon(B)wear(C)puton(D)iswearing()13.__areyoueating?I'meatingmeat.(A)What,some(B)Which,any(C)Where,not(D)What,a()14.TheyTVintheevening.Theydotheirhomework.(A)arewatching(B)can'twatching(C)don'twatch(D)don'twatching()15.Thechildrenfootball.(A)isplaying(B)areplaying(C)playthe(D)playa()16.Theyareflyingkites.(A)他們喜歡放風箏.(B)他們在放風箏嗎？(C)他們在放風箏.(D)他們常放風箏.()17.Look,Theyareswimmingintheriver.Iwantyou.(A)togowith(B)gowith(C)helping(D)help()18.Look.Lucyisanewbiketoday.(A)jumping(B)running(C)riding(D)takeing三、用現(xiàn)在進行時完成下列句子:1.What_you(do)?2.I___(sing)anEnglishsong.3.What_he(mend)?4.He___(mend)acar.5.you(fly)akite?Yes,6.she(sit)intheboat?7.you(ask)questions?We(play)gamesnow.四．寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞standswimplaywatchskate___runsleep___jumpwalkrideclean___makewashdogolistenplaycome___sing___havewritedancesitread課后習題現(xiàn)在進行時專練一用括號中動詞的適當形式填空：1.Mypare