初中一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)語(yǔ)法詳解及習(xí)題

wordword資料wordword資料一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一、概述一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性、反復(fù)性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)?！傲?xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性、反復(fù)性”是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的三大特性，它不表示特定時(shí)間發(fā)生的事。用法：1）經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g.Igotoschoolonfoot.Heisverybusynow.2）表示主語(yǔ)的特征、性格、能力、愛(ài)好等。e.g.Hecanswim.Iworkhard.IlikewatchingTV.3）表示客觀真理e.g.Therearesevendaysinaweek.Themoonmovesroundtheearth.二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)指的是動(dòng)詞的變化形式。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)間有兩種結(jié)構(gòu)，一種是動(dòng)詞原形，用于主語(yǔ)為非第三人稱時(shí)的情況；另一種為動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，用于主語(yǔ)為第三人稱時(shí)的情況。Eg1.Weoftengetupearlyinthemorning.Eg2.Myfatheroftengetsupearlyinthemorning.三、談?wù)劇爸髡Z(yǔ)為三單，其后動(dòng)詞s添”在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式?？梢院?jiǎn)單敘述為“主語(yǔ)為三單，其后動(dòng)詞s添”。何謂第三人稱單數(shù)？用一句話概括就是“非你、非我、非復(fù)數(shù)”，如he,she,it,myfather,mymother,mysister,ourEnglishteacher,Tom,Mike,LiuJia,China,mybook,etc.Eg3.Hesometimesgoestoschoolbybike.Eg4.Myfatherworksinthehospitalasadoctor.四、動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則動(dòng)詞第三人稱變化的規(guī)則與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化的規(guī)則相同。規(guī)則一、一般在詞尾加-S。如：looks,puts.reads,sees,skis等。規(guī)則二、以-o,-s,-x,-sh,-ch結(jié)尾的加-es。如:goes,does,misses,passes,mixes,fixes,pushes,wishes,watches,teaches等。規(guī)則三、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-es。注意一定是輔音字母加y才變，若是元音字母加y,則直接加-s。如:flyfflies,tryftries,fryffries,copyfcopiesbuyfbuys,enjoyfenjoys,playfplays,sayfsays,payfpays五、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子轉(zhuǎn)換（1）當(dāng)句子中有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則把be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can,could等等）提到主語(yǔ)的前面變成一般疑問(wèn)句;在be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加not變成否定句.例：述句：Sheisastudent.一般疑問(wèn)句fIssheastudent?否定句fSheisnotastudent.述句：Icanswim.一般疑問(wèn)句fCanyouswim?否定句fIcannotswim.（2）當(dāng)句子中即沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞，也沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則在主語(yǔ)前加助動(dòng)詞do（you,以及復(fù)數(shù)）,does（單數(shù)she,he,it）變成一般疑問(wèn)句；在主語(yǔ)后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞don't（I,you,以及復(fù)數(shù)）,doesn't（單數(shù)she,he,it）變成否定句，助動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞要變成動(dòng)詞原形。例：述句：Wegetupat7:00everymorning.一般疑問(wèn)句一Doyougetupat7:00everymorning?否定句fWedon'tgetupat7:00everymorning.述句：Shehasalittlebrother.一般疑問(wèn)句fDoesshehavealittlebrother?否定句fShedoesn'thavealittlebrother.標(biāo)志：其時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為often、usually、always、sometimes等頻率副詞，onSaturdays、inthemorning（afternoonevening）、everyday等。特殊用法：下列動(dòng)詞come，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)，主要用來(lái)表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開(kāi)。Whendoesthebusstar？Itstarsintenminutes.汽車什么時(shí)候開(kāi)？十分鐘后六、練習(xí)鞏固寫出下列動(dòng)詞的三單形式gocatchbrush（刷）washdolikehavewatchdrinkflysaylearneatreadsingbuystudystaymakelookpasscarrycomeplant（種植）teachbuy

用括號(hào)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Weoften(play)intheplayground.He(get)upatsixo'clock.you(brush)yourteetheverymorning.What(do)heusually(do)afterschool?Danny(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtatschool.Mikesometimes(go)totheparkwithhissister.Ateightatnight,sheoften(watch)TVwithhisparents.Mike(read)Englisheveryday?Howmanylessonsyourclassmate(have)onMonday?Whattimehismother(do)thehousework?3.選擇題()1.Itoschoolat7:00inthemorning.A.goB.goingC.goes()2.Theybookseverydayinthelibrary.A.readsB.readC.reading()3.Themonkeyeatingbananasverymuch.A.likeB.likesC.liking()4.Myfathertoreadnewspaperaftersuppereveryday.A.likeB.likesC.liking()5.IlikewatchingTV,butmymotherlikeit.A.don'tB.doesn'tC.does()6.yourfatherdrinkmilkeveryday?A.doB.areC.does)7.Wewillgoshoppingifittomorrow.A.don'trainB.didn'trainC.doesn'trainD.isn'train)8.Hesaidthesunintheeastandinthewest.Arose;setBrises;setsCrises,set)Crises,set)9.WangMeimusicandoftentomusic.Alike;listenBlikes;listensClike;arelisteningDliking;listen)10.JennyEnglisheveryevening.AhasstudyBstudiesCstudyDstudiedCstudy改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?Doeshelikesgoingfishing?Helikesplaygamesafterclass.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays.把下列句子變成一般疑問(wèn)句（并作肯定和否定回答）、否定句例：丨likecooking.fDoyoulikecooking?Yes,Ido.No,Idon't.丨don'tlikecooking.Myfriendslikeplayingsoccer.TheyspeakEnglisheveryday.DanielwatchesTVeveryeveningJohnisfromCanada.Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.Mydogrunsfast.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.Shecanplaythepianowell.課后作業(yè)一．選擇題ThereanEnglishfilm.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.isThepicturenice.A.looksB.islookedC.lookD.islookingShedownandsoonfallsasleep.A.liveB.lainC.laidD.liesTheytheofficeintimeverymorning.A.reachtoB.arrivedC.wentD.gettoWeshallgotoShanghaionbusinessbeforeyoubacknextweek.A.willcomeB.cameC.wouldcomeD.comeTheplaneoff.A.takesB.tookC.wastakenD.istakeIseehertheroomthismorning.A.toenterB.enteredC.enterD.entersTheteacherasksustoschoolontime.A.tocomeB.comingC.comeD.comesJohnisalwaysothers.A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelpHetellsusateight.A.workingB.toworkC.workD.workedYou'dbette_rathomeandyourhomework.A.tostay,doB.stay,doC.tostay,todoD.stay,todoHesitsdownarest.A.havingB.haveC.tohaveD.hadUncleWangknowsawashingmachine.A.howtomakeB.tomakeC.howmakingD.whattomakeJimdecidesPollytoLingFengwhenheisbacktoEngland.A.toleaveB.leftC.leavingD.leave一、將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)湯姆喜歡英語(yǔ)。他們看電視。杰克是個(gè)老師。4.媽媽在11點(diǎn)吃午飯。5.我們踢足球。二、變否定句。Hewantsabook.Jimmywasheshandsbeforedinner.Lisalikesmilkverymuch.Theywalktoschool.LinglingandDandanare10yearsold.IamChinese.BenisfromAmerica.三、變一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答。Hewantsabook.Jimmywasheshandsbeforedinner.Lisalikesmilkverymuch.Theywalktoschool.LinglingandDandanare10yearsold.IamChinese.BenisfromAmerica.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：Am/is/are+v-ing是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式一般情況V+ingfalling以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的單詞去e,+inghavingwritewritingmakemakingride---ridingtake---taking2?以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫詞尾字母+ingsit---sittingswim---swimmingput---puttingrun---runninggetgetting什么是音節(jié)？閉音節(jié)？重讀閉音節(jié)？1，英語(yǔ)單詞是由字母組成的，字母構(gòu)成音節(jié)。一般來(lái)講有一個(gè)元音就是一個(gè)音節(jié)。含一個(gè)元音的詞叫作單音節(jié)詞，含兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上元音的單詞叫作雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)詞。單音節(jié)詞都是重讀音節(jié)，雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞中一般有一個(gè)重讀音節(jié)，其他的是弱讀音節(jié)。閉音節(jié)：閉音節(jié)是兩個(gè)輔音中間有一個(gè)元音的音節(jié)。例如：not,thank,ten,am,six等。重讀閉音節(jié)是需要重讀的閉音節(jié),如果是單音節(jié)一定重讀,但是重讀符號(hào)省略;如果是多音節(jié),一定有一個(gè)需要重讀。重讀閉音節(jié)（輔音1+元音+輔音2）中的輔音2在構(gòu)詞法中要雙寫，如果不重讀，如listen中的第二個(gè)音節(jié)ten（閉音節(jié)）中的n就不用雙寫，因?yàn)橹刈x在第一個(gè)音節(jié)lis上特殊變化（或者說(shuō)以Ie為結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)的動(dòng)詞）的現(xiàn)在分詞〔有3個(gè)〕：lying—lie,dying-dietying—tie這些以ie結(jié)尾要去e再把I變y再加ing.基本用法O1表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作常和now連用，有時(shí)用一個(gè)動(dòng)詞如look（看）、listen（聽(tīng)）來(lái)表示now（現(xiàn)在）這一時(shí)間概念。Look!Atrainiscoming.看！火車來(lái)了Listen!Heisplayingthepiano.聽(tīng)！他在彈鋼琴。02表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作但不一定是說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行。常和atpresent（目前）、thisweek（本周）、thesedays（這幾天、等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Whatlessonareyoustudyingthisweek?你們本周學(xué)哪一課了？（說(shuō)話時(shí)并不在學(xué)）03現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)可用來(lái)表示一個(gè)在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作即是說(shuō)可以用來(lái)代替將來(lái)時(shí),但此時(shí),一般要與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,而且僅限于少量動(dòng)詞。如：go（去）、come（來(lái)）、leave（離開(kāi)）、start（開(kāi)始）、arrive（到達(dá)）、return（返回）、sleep（睡覺(jué)）、…AreyougoingtoTianjingtomorrow?你明天去天津嗎？HowmanyofyouareComingtothepartynextweek？你們有多少人下周要來(lái)參加晚會(huì)？04begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形這一句型表示即將發(fā)生的事或打算（準(zhǔn)備、做的事,我們把它歸在將來(lái)時(shí)里了。sheisn'tgoingtospeakatthemeeting.她不打算在會(huì)議上發(fā)言。注意：如果沒(méi)有表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),此類句子就可能指現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段的動(dòng)作。Whereareyougoingnextweek？下周你計(jì)劃去哪兒？用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)，因?yàn)橛衝extweek（下周）這一時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Whereareyougoing?你現(xiàn)在去哪兒？因?yàn)闆](méi)有表示將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以就按句型來(lái)翻譯，即現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。05一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示暫時(shí)性的動(dòng)作。Hewalkstowork.他步行上班。（習(xí)慣、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作）

He'swalkingtoworkbecausehisbikeisbeingrepaired.他現(xiàn)在走著上班，因?yàn)樗淖孕熊囌谛蘩?。（只是暫時(shí)的情況）Wheredoeshelive?他家住在哪兒？（詢問(wèn)一般的情況）Whereisheliving（staying）?他這幾天住在哪兒？（詢問(wèn)暫時(shí)一段時(shí)間的情況）06現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)可用來(lái)代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的某種感情，使句子有強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩。常與always,forever連用。Youarealwaysforgettingtheimportantthing.你總是把重要的事情忘掉。（表達(dá)出不滿的情緒）Maryisdoingfineworkatschool.瑪麗在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)得挺不錯(cuò)?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)一、按要求改寫句子1.Theboyisplayingbasketball.否定句：__一般疑問(wèn)句：肯定回答：否定回答：對(duì)“Theboy”提問(wèn)：二、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.我在照看孩子.(A)Iamlookingafterthebaby.(B)I'mlookafteringthebaby.(C)Ilookamafteringthebaby.(D)Ilookingafterthebaby.()2.friend'smakingakite.(A)I,me(B)My,my(C)My,me(D)His,his()3.Isthewomanwearingyellowyourteacher?(A)in(B)puttingon(C)wearing(D)having()4.Look!Thetwinstheirmotherdothehousework.(A)arewanting(B)help(C)arehelping(D)arelooking()5._____arethebirdsdoing?Theyaresinginginatree.(A)Who(B)What(C)How(D)Where(C)eatting(B)Whatareyoudo?(D)Whatdoyoudo?(D)eats()6.Isshe(C)eatting(B)Whatareyoudo?(D)Whatdoyoudo?(D)eats(A)eat(B)eating()7.你在干什么?(A)Whatisyoudoing?(C)Whatareyoudoing?()8.Whatareyoulistening?(A)/(B)for(A)/(B)for()9.我正在聽(tīng)他說(shuō)話.(A)Ilisteningtohim.(C)I'mlistentohim.(C)at(D)to(B)I'mlisteningtohim.(D)I'mlisteninghim.()10.Theyaretheirclothes.(A)makeing(B)putting(C)putaway(D)puttingon()11.Listen!Sheintheclassroom.(A)issinging(B)sing(C)tosing(D)issingwordword資料wordword資料()12.TodayJimhiswhiteshirtandbrowntrousers.(A)isputtingon(B)wear(C)puton(D)iswearing()13.__areyoueating?I'meatingmeat.(A)What,some(B)Which,any(C)Where,not(D)What,a()14.TheyTVintheevening.Theydotheirhomework.(A)arewatching(B)can'twatching(C)don'twatch(D)don'twatching()15.Thechildrenfootball.(A)isplaying(B)areplaying(C)playthe(D)playa()16.Theyareflyingkites.(A)他們喜歡放風(fēng)箏.(B)他們?cè)诜棚L(fēng)箏嗎？(C)他們?cè)诜棚L(fēng)箏.(D)他們常放風(fēng)箏.()17.Look,Theyareswimmingintheriver.Iwantyou.(A)togowith(B)gowith(C)helping(D)help()18.Look.Lucyisanewbiketoday.(A)jumping(B)running(C)riding(D)takeing三、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成下列句子:1.What_you(do)?2.I___(sing)anEnglishsong.3.What_he(mend)?4.He___(mend)acar.5.you(fly)akite?Yes,6.she(sit)intheboat?7.you(ask)questions?We(play)gamesnow.四．寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞standswimplaywatchskate___runsleep___jumpwalkrideclean___makewashdogolistenplaycome___sing___havewritedancesitread課后習(xí)題現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專練一用括號(hào)中動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1.Mypare