2022年中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)新題速遞之短語(yǔ)辨析

2022年中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)新題速遞之短語(yǔ)辨析（2022年4月）一.選擇題（共20小題）your(2022?和平區(qū)模擬)InmanyeasternEuropeancountries,yououghtto.yourglovesifyouwanttoshakehandswithothers.( )2.A.cutoffB.shutoffC.putoffD.takeoff（2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬）2.A.cutoffB.shutoffC.putoffD.takeoff（2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬）thatyouturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.-OK.A.Besure；A.Besure；Iwon*tB.Makesure；IwillC.Forsure；Iwon't3.(20223.(2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬)Afteragoodandlongrest,they.onajourneytoclimbthelastmountainontheirlistofchallengestheMt.Everest.(4.A.setoutB.leaveoutC.workout(20224.A.setoutB.leaveoutC.workout(2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬)--ThesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillneverReally?Thatwillbeveryfine.( )5.A.gooutB?checkoutC.runout(20225.A.gooutB?checkoutC.runout(2022?南通模擬)Ithoughtthejobwouldbeasuccess.Butittobeamess!( )carriesoutbreaksoutC.findsoutD.turnsoutcarriesoutbreaksoutC.findsoutD.turnsout6.（2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬）6.（2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬）BillGatesisaverykindandsuccessfulbusinessman.Henearlyallofhiswealth.( )A.gaveawayA.gaveawayB?gaveupC.gaveout(2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬)---Mom,it'shardformetolearnmathaswellasmyclassmates.Iwantto.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillothers.Nothingisimpossible.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillothers.Nothingisimpossible.(giveupit；catchupwithgiveupstudy；keepupwithgiveitup；catchupwith(2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬)Wehaveanewteamtoworktogether.WecompletedmanyTOC\o"1-5"\h\ztaskssuccessfullybecauseofit.( )A.putup B.makeup C.setup(2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬)---Theworkissodifficultandit.---Don'tworry.Iwillhelpyou.( )A.kicksmeoff B.drivesmecrazyC.letsmedown(2022?畢節(jié)市模擬)Ithinkteenagersaresupposedtothetimetheyspendtheircomputergames.( )A.cutdown；on B.cutoff；inC.cutup；on D.cutin；in(2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬)--Mr.Zhangisaverygoodman.Hecan thechildrenintheChildren'sHome.--Yes,Ilikehimverymuch.( )A.begoodat B*begoodinC.begoodwith(2022，平陽(yáng)縣模擬)--John,youmustplayingcomputergamesJtfsreallybadforyoureyes.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z--OK,mum.( )A.lookup B.getup C.giveup D.wakeup(2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬)Toooftenwespendwethinkingaboutourselves.Forexample,gettingwhatwewant,thatweforgettoenjoythepleasureoflife.( )A.toomuch B.somuch C.verymuch(2022?安陸市一模)--Theboyisverynaughty.Heoftenbreakstheschoolrules.--Soyoumusthim.( )A.behardon B.beclosetoC.befriendswith D.begoodfor(2022?安陸市一模)--Whydidyouthrowawaythatpairofsportsshoes?--BecauseIitforalmosttwoyears.( )

C.hadwornD.haveputon(2022?永嘉縣模擬)ThoughKorealed2:〇,theplayersofChinesewomen'ssoccerteameachotherandwontheAsianCupfinally.(A-cheeredupB.rangupC.lookedafterD.caredabout(2022?興城市校級(jí)模擬)Tokeepsafe,everyone.towearaseatbeltinthecar.(A.issupposedB.supposesC.supposedD.willsuppose(2022?鐵鋒區(qū)一模)Mostteachersdon'tgivetoomuchhomeworkto.thefreetimeofstudentsnow.(takeupmakeuplookup（2022C.hadwornD.haveputon(2022?永嘉縣模擬)ThoughKorealed2:〇,theplayersofChinesewomen'ssoccerteameachotherandwontheAsianCupfinally.(A-cheeredupB.rangupC.lookedafterD.caredabout(2022?興城市校級(jí)模擬)Tokeepsafe,everyone.towearaseatbeltinthecar.(A.issupposedB.supposesC.supposedD.willsuppose(2022?鐵鋒區(qū)一模)Mostteachersdon'tgivetoomuchhomeworkto.thefreetimeofstudentsnow.(takeupmakeuplookup（2022?興城市校級(jí)模擬）--Jasonhasn'tfinishedthework,butdon'tpunishhim..hehasdonehisbest.--Yes,you'reright.(A.AtfirstB.AfterallC.IntotalD.Forexample（2022?興城市校級(jí)模擬）--Doyouoftenyourfriends'homeonyourwayhome?A.visittoC.comeatA.visittoC.comeatD.comeoverat2022年中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)新題速遞之短語(yǔ)辨析（2022年4月）參考答案與試題解析一.選擇題（共20小題）（2022?和平區(qū)模擬）InmanyeasternEuropeancountries,yououghttoyourglovesifyouwanttoshakehandswithothers.（ ）A.cutoff B.shutoff C.putoff D.takeoff【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】在很多東歐國(guó)家,如果你想和別人握手,你應(yīng)該脫下手套?！窘獯稹縞utoff切斷;shutoff關(guān)掉;putoff推遲;takeoff脫掉;根據(jù)句意,握手的時(shí)候應(yīng)該手套,可知此處用takeoff,表示“脫掉”。故選:Do【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。（2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬）--thatyouturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.--OK..（ ）A.Besure；Iwon*t B.Makesure；IwillForsure；Iwon't【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ);情境對(duì)話.【分析】ーー離開(kāi)教室的時(shí)候務(wù)必關(guān)燈。--好的。我會(huì)的。【解答】besure確信;makesure確保,務(wù)必;forsure確實(shí):forsure是介詞短語(yǔ),在句中作狀語(yǔ),題干中第一空應(yīng)是祈使句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,故排除C;由答語(yǔ)“〇K”,可知我會(huì)關(guān)燈,第二空填I(lǐng)will,排除A。故選:Bo【點(diǎn)評(píng)】了解各選項(xiàng)的含義及用法,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境作答.（2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬）Afteragoodandlongrest,theyonajourneytoclimbthelastmountainontheirlistofchallengestheMt.Everest.（ ）setoutleaveoutworkout

setoutleaveoutworkout【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】經(jīng)過(guò)很長(zhǎng)很好的休息后,他們開(kāi)始了旅途去攀登挑戰(zhàn)珠峰清單上的最后一座山?！窘獯稹縮etout動(dòng)身,開(kāi)始;leaveout遺漏,忽略;workout計(jì)算出;根據(jù)句意,他們攀登珠峰最后一座山的旅途,可知此處用setout,表示”開(kāi)始,動(dòng)身”。故選:Ao【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。(2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬)--Thesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillnever.--Really?Thatwillbeveryfine.( )A.goout B.checkout C.runout【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】ーー這些新能源成本低,而且永遠(yuǎn)用不完。--真的嗎?那太好了?！窘獯稹縢oout出去;checkout退房;runout用完;根據(jù)句意,根據(jù)句意,這些新能源永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)?可知此處用runout,表示”用完”。故選:Co【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。(2022?南通模擬)Ithoughtthejobwouldbeasuccess.Butittobeamess!( )A.carriesout B.breaksoutC.findsout D.turnsout【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】我原以為這項(xiàng)工作會(huì)成功。但結(jié)果卻一團(tuán)糟!【解答】carryout實(shí)施;breakout爆發(fā);findout查明;lumout結(jié)果是;根據(jù)句意，我原以為工作會(huì)成功,但一一團(tuán)糟,可知此處用turnout,表示”結(jié)果是”。故選:D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。(2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬)BillGatesisaverykindandsuccessfulbusinessman.Henearlyallofhiswealth.( )gaveaway【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).gaveaway【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).gaveupgaveout【分析】比爾?蓋茨是個(gè)非常和藹、成功的商人。他捐獻(xiàn)了幾乎所有財(cái)產(chǎn)。【解答】gaveaway捐贈(zèng):gave叩放棄;gaveout釋放;根據(jù)句意,比爾?蓋茨是個(gè)和藹、成功的商人,可知他捐獻(xiàn)了幾乎所有財(cái)產(chǎn)。故選:Ao【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。（2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬）---Mom,it'shardformetolearnmathaswellasmyclassmates.Iwantto.---Ifyoustudyhard,youwillothers.Nothingisimpossible.（ ）giveupit；catchupwithgiveupstudy；keepupwithgiveitup；catchupwith【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】一ー媽媽,我很難和同學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)得一樣好。我想放棄。--如果你努力,你就會(huì)趕上其他人。一切皆有可能。【解答】giveup放棄,是動(dòng)詞和副詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)是代詞,放在短語(yǔ)中間,賓語(yǔ)是名詞，放在短語(yǔ)之后,排除A；catchupwith/keepupwith跟上，趕上,catchupwith指在落后的情況下趕上,keepupwith指和別人保持ー樣，不落后，由句意”我很難和同學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)得一樣好”,可知是在落后的情況下趕上，用catchupwith。故選:C?【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法，進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。（2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬）Wehaveanewteamtoworktogether.Wecompletedmanytaskssuccessfullybecauseofit.（ ）A.putup B.makeup C.setup【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】我們已經(jīng)組建了一個(gè)新的團(tuán)隊(duì)一起工作。為此我們成功地完成了很多任務(wù)。【解答】putup張貼，掛起;makeup組成;setup建立,組建:根據(jù)句意,我們一個(gè)新的團(tuán)隊(duì)，可知此處用setup表示"建立"。故選;C?【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法，進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。（2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬）---Theworkissodifficultandit.--Don'tworry.Iwillhelpyou.(A.kicksmeoff B.drivesmecrazyC.letsmedown【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】ーー這項(xiàng)工作太難,它讓我發(fā)瘋。-ー不要著急。我會(huì)幫你?！窘獯稹縦ickmeoff把我踢開(kāi);drivemecrazy讓我發(fā)瘋;letmedown讓我失望;根據(jù)句意,"這項(xiàng)工作太難"，"不要著急”,可知工作讓我發(fā)瘋。故選:Bo【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。(2022?畢節(jié)市模擬)Ithinkteenagersaresupposedtothetimetheyspendtheircomputergames.( )A.cutdown；on B.cutoff；inC.cutup；on D.cutin；in【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)；常用介詞的辨析.【分析】我認(rèn)為青少年應(yīng)該削減花在電腦游戲上的時(shí)間?！窘獯稹縞utdown削減;cutoff切斷;cutup切碎;cutin打斷;根據(jù)句意,青少年應(yīng)該花在電腦游戲上的時(shí)間,可知第一空填cutdown,表示“削減"；spend...onsth.是固定搭配,花費(fèi)……在某事上,故第二空填on。故選:Ao【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。(2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬)--Mr.Zhangisaverygoodman.Hecan thechildrenintheChildren'sHome.--Yes,Ilikehimverymuch.( )A.begoodat B.begoodinC.begoodwith【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】ーー張老師是個(gè)好人。他可以在“兒童之家”和孩子們相處融洽。-ー是的,我很喜歡他。【解答】begoodat擅長(zhǎng)于;begoodin不是固定搭配;begoodwith相處融洽;根據(jù)句意,我很喜歡他,可知他和孩子們相處融洽。故選:Co【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。(2022?平陽(yáng)縣模擬)--John,youmustplayingcomputergames.Ifsreallybadforyoureyes.--OK,mum.( )A.lookup B.getup C.giveup D.wakeup【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】??約翰,你必須放棄玩電腦游戲。這對(duì)你的眼睛很不好。--好的,媽媽。【解答】A.lookup”查閱ンB.getup“起床”；C.giveup”放棄”；D.wakeup”醒來(lái)”。根據(jù)”It'sreallybadforyoureyes.”可知媽媽說(shuō)的是”約翰,你必須放棄玩電腦游戲。這對(duì)你的眼睛很不好”。故選:Co【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),需要掌握其意思和用法,根據(jù)題干選出正確答案。(2022?南崗區(qū)校級(jí)模擬)Toooftenwespend wethinkingaboutourselves.Forexample,gettingwhatwewant,thatweforgettoenjoythepleasureoflife.( )A.toomuch B.somuch C.verymuch【考點(diǎn)】形容詞短語(yǔ).【分析】我們經(jīng)常花太多的時(shí)間來(lái)思考自己。例如,得到我們想要的,卻忘記享受生活的樂(lè)趣?！窘獯稹縯oomuch”太多”,修飾不可數(shù)名詞;somuch”如此多”；verymuch”很多”;根據(jù)“thatweforgettoenjoythepleasureoflife”可知為somuchthat...”如此多...以致于…”。故選:Bo【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考查形容詞短語(yǔ),需要掌握其意思和用法,根據(jù)題干選出正確答案。(2022?安陸市一模)--Theboyisverynaughty.Heoftenbreakstheschoolrules.--Soyoumusthim.( )A.behardon B.beclosetoD.begoodforC.befriendswithD.begoodfor【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】??這個(gè)男孩很頑皮。他經(jīng)常違反學(xué)校的規(guī)定。--所以你必須對(duì)他嚴(yán)格。【解答】behardon嚴(yán)格對(duì)待或批評(píng);becloseto親近;befriendswith做朋友;begoodfor對(duì)……有益;根據(jù)句意,他經(jīng)常違反學(xué)校的規(guī)定,可知你應(yīng)該對(duì)他嚴(yán)格。故選:Ao【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。(2022?安陸市一模)--Whydidyouthrowawaythatpairofsportsshoes?--BecauseIitfbralmosttwoyears.( )A.haveworn B.putonC.hadworn D.haveputon【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】ーー為什么你把那雙運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋扔掉?--因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)穿了它兩年。【解答】worn是wear的過(guò)去分詞,wear穿著,表狀態(tài),puton穿上,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)fortwoyears,可知應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,puton是瞬間動(dòng)詞,排除B和D;由句意可知,是到我扔掉運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋的時(shí)候?yàn)橹?已經(jīng)兩年時(shí)間,扔掉運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,過(guò)去的過(guò)去,用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選:Co【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,結(jié)合時(shí)態(tài),選擇正確答案。(2022?永嘉縣模擬)ThoughKorealed2：0,theplayersofChinesewomen'ssoccerteameachotherandwontheAsianCupfinally.( )A.cheeredup B.rangupC.lookedafter D.caredabout【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】盡管韓國(guó)以2：0領(lǐng)先,但中國(guó)女足隊(duì)員相互鼓勵(lì),最終贏得了亞洲杯的勝利。【解答】cheeredup使振作,鼓勵(lì);rangup打電話;lookedafter照顧;caredabout關(guān)心,在意;根據(jù)句意,盡管韓國(guó)以2:。領(lǐng)先,但中國(guó)女足隊(duì)員相互ー,最終扁得亞洲杯的勝利,可知此處用cheeredup,表示“鼓勵(lì)“。故選:Ao【點(diǎn)評(píng)】牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。(2022?興城市校級(jí)模擬)Tokeepsafe,everyonetowearaseatbeltinthecar.( )A.issupposed B.supposesC.supposed D.willsuppose【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】為了保證安全,每個(gè)人在車上都應(yīng)該系安全帶?！窘獯稹縮uppose推斷,認(rèn)為;besupposedtodo應(yīng)該做某事;根據(jù)句意,為了保證安全,每個(gè)人 系安全帶,可知此處用besupposedto的結(jié)構(gòu),表示“應(yīng)該“。故選:Ao【點(diǎn)評(píng)】掌握動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。(2022?鐵鋒區(qū)一模)Mostteachersdon*tgivetoomuchhomeworktothefreetimeofstudentsnow.( )A?takeup B.makeup C?lookup【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】現(xiàn)在大部分老師沒(méi)有布置太多家庭作業(yè)去占用學(xué)生們的空閑時(shí)間。【解答】takeup占用;makeup編造;lookup向上看:由"thefreetimeofstudents”可知是占用學(xué)生空閑時(shí)間。故選:Ao【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),要牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。(2022?興城市校級(jí)模擬)--Jasonhasn'tfinishedthework,butdon'tpunishhim.,hehasdonehisbest.--Yes,you'reright.( )A.Atfirst B.AfterallC.Intotal D.Forexample【考點(diǎn)】介詞短語(yǔ).【分析】ーー杰森還沒(méi)完成工作,但不要懲罰他。畢竟,他已經(jīng)盡力了。--是的,你說(shuō)得對(duì)。【解答】Atfirst起初;Afteral!畢竟;Intotal總計(jì);Forexample例如。根據(jù)butdon'tpunishhim”但不要懲罰他”可知,”畢竟,,他已經(jīng)盡力了。填A(yù)fterall。故選:Bo【點(diǎn)評(píng)】分析選項(xiàng)意思,結(jié)合語(yǔ)境,選擇符合句意的答案。(2022?興城市校級(jí)模擬)--Doyouoftenyourfriends'homeonyourwayhome?--Yes>wedo.( )A.visitto B.dropbyC.comeat D.comeoverat【考點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).【分析】?一你會(huì)經(jīng)常在你回家的路上順便拜訪你朋友的家嗎?--是的,我們會(huì)。【解答】visitto拜訪;dropby順便拜訪;comeat來(lái)到;comeoverat過(guò)來(lái);由題干問(wèn)句中的狀語(yǔ)"onyourwayhome”可知,是在你回家的路上,所以是B項(xiàng)。故選:Bo【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),要牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的詞義及用法,進(jìn)行比較分析,選擇正確答案。1.常用介詞的辨析【常用介詞的辨析】ー、表示計(jì)量的介詞:at,for,by.at表示”以…速度””以…價(jià)格”.如:Itfliesatabout900kilometersahour,它以每小時(shí)900公里的速度飛行..for表示”用…交換,以…為代價(jià)”.如:Hesoldhiscarfor500dollars.他以五百元把車賣了.二、表示材料的介詞:of,from,inof成品仍可看出原料.如:Thisboxismadeofpaper.這個(gè)盒子是紙做的.from成品已看不出原料,如:Wineismadefromgrapes.葡萄酒是葡萄釀成的.in表示用某種材料或語(yǔ)言,如：Pleasefillintheforminpencilfirst.請(qǐng)先用鉛筆填寫(xiě)這個(gè)表格.三、表示關(guān)于的介詞:of,about,onof僅是提到或談到過(guò)某人或某事,如:Hespokeofthefilmtheotherday.他前幾天提到了這部影片.about指”關(guān)于”某人或某事物的較詳細(xì)的情況.如:Canyoutellmesomethingaboutyourself?你能告訴我ー些關(guān)于你自己的事情嗎?on指”關(guān)于”學(xué)術(shù)性的或嚴(yán)肅的事.如:It'satextbookonthehistoryofchina.它是ー本有關(guān)中國(guó)歷史的教科書(shū).四、表示好像或當(dāng)作的介詞:like,aslike表示”像 ?樣”,其實(shí)不是.如:PetertheGreat,likehiscountry,wasstrongandproud.彼得大帝像他的國(guó)家一樣強(qiáng)健和自豪.as表示”作為,以…身份”,其實(shí)也是.如:Hetalkedtomeasafather,他以父親的身份跟我談話.五、表示支持或反對(duì)的介詞:against,foragainst反對(duì),for支持,互為反義詞.如:Areyouformyideaoragainstit?你贊同還是反對(duì)我的想法?六、表示除某人某物外的介詞:besides,exceptbesides是包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的“除…外,還”,如:Thirtystudentswenttothecinemabesideshim.除他以外,還有30個(gè)學(xué)生去看了電影.(他和另外30人都去了)Heisinterestedintennisbesidesfootball.除了足球,他還對(duì)網(wǎng)球感興趣.except是指不包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的”除去”.如:Everyoneisexcitedexceptme.除我以外的每個(gè)人都很激動(dòng).(他們激動(dòng)，而我卻不激動(dòng))動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)【概念】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ):動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)就是有些動(dòng)詞可以和一些別的詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)(以動(dòng)詞為中心)，表達(dá)一個(gè)概念,其作用和一個(gè)單獨(dú)動(dòng)詞差不多的ー種固定搭配.在實(shí)際使用中,通常會(huì)把動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)當(dāng)成一個(gè)整體.【用法】(1)動(dòng)詞+副詞:在"動(dòng)詞+副詞”的詞組中賓語(yǔ)位置有兩種情況:賓語(yǔ)如是名詞,則可置于副詞后面，亦可置于動(dòng)詞和副詞之間.而如果賓語(yǔ)是代詞，只能置于動(dòng)詞后面，即動(dòng)詞和副詞之間.例：Firstputsomesaltintothewaterandthen.( )A.mixthemupB.mixupthemC.mixitupD.mixupit分析:首先放ー些鹽在水里,然后攪拌它們.解答：分析句子,結(jié)合選項(xiàng),推測(cè)意思是首先放ー些鹽在水里,然后攪拌它們.這里salt是不可數(shù)名詞，用it指代,放在中間，故選C.(2)動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞:在這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中,動(dòng)詞、副詞、介詞緊密結(jié)合,是動(dòng)副詞組和動(dòng)介詞組的合成體，詞義上相當(dāng)于ー個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞.它兼有以上兩類短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn),但賓語(yǔ)總是位于介詞之后.例：Sheisplanningherproject.Let'shelphersomegoodideas.( )A.comeoutB.comeupC.comeupwithD.catchupwith分析：她正在計(jì)劃她的項(xiàng)目,讓我們幫助她想出ー些好主意.解答:comeout出來(lái),出現(xiàn),出版,comeup發(fā)生，上來(lái),comeupwith想出,catchupwith追上,趕上:結(jié)合句意”她正在計(jì)劃她的項(xiàng)目，讓我們幫助她想出ー些好主意."可知,要用是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),help后面跟動(dòng)詞原形,故答案為C.其它三個(gè)選項(xiàng)語(yǔ)意不通.(3)動(dòng)詞+名詞:這類動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞是have,take,give,make等，后面的名詞通常是從動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的動(dòng)作名詞,并表達(dá)了短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的真正意義.例:Theoldman,andhewantstoseeadoctornow.( )A.hasfeverB.haveafeverC.hasafeverD.hasfevers分析：這位老人發(fā)燒了,他現(xiàn)在想去看醫(yī)生.解答：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).haveafever是固定短語(yǔ),意思是“發(fā)燒”;結(jié)合句意"這位老人發(fā)燒,他現(xiàn)在想去看醫(yī)生."可知，要用是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,故答案為C.be+形容詞+介詞：be+形容詞(包括過(guò)去分詞作形容詞)+介詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞,賓語(yǔ)位于介詞后面,形容詞是短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的真正詞義.例：Thispairofshoeshand.( )A.ismadewithB.aremadefromC.aremadeofD.ismadeby分析：這雙鞋是手工做的.解答：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).A用.什么東西制造.B.由…制造(看不出原材料).C.由…制造(看出原材料).D.由…制造(由某人).結(jié)合語(yǔ)境"這雙鞋是手工做的.".可知,由雙手制造,用ismadeby.選D.【中考命題方向】中考英語(yǔ)試題常考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的用法，意義相近的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、但容易混淆的短語(yǔ)、常用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).這些是考查的重點(diǎn).3.形容詞短語(yǔ)【概念】在句中起形容詞作用的短語(yǔ)叫做形容詞短語(yǔ).【用法】(1)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)形容詞可以由and,but等對(duì)等連詞連接,構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ).Yourroomislargeandbeautiful.你的房間大且美麗.（largeandbeautiful是形容詞短語(yǔ).）Heisyoungbutclever.他年輕但聰明.（youngbutclever是形容詞短語(yǔ).）very等程度副詞作修飾語(yǔ),可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ).Itisveryhottoday.今天很熱.（veryhot是形容詞短語(yǔ).）Theroomwasawfullydirty.這屋子太臟了.（awfullydirty是形容詞短語(yǔ).）Theroadislongenough.這路夠長(zhǎng)的.（longenough是形容詞短語(yǔ),enough在形容詞后作修飾語(yǔ).）（3）介詞及其賓語(yǔ)可用在形容詞后修飾形容詞,可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ).Iamsureofsuccess.我確信會(huì)成功的.（sureofsuccess是形容詞短語(yǔ).）Thebottleisfullofwater.瓶子里裝滿了水.（fullofwater是形容詞短語(yǔ).）（4）不定式在形容詞后作修飾語(yǔ),可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語(yǔ).Heissuretocome.他一定會(huì)來(lái)的.（suretocome是形容詞短語(yǔ).）【中考命題方向】中考英語(yǔ)試題常考查形容詞短語(yǔ)的用法,但容易混淆的形容詞短語(yǔ)、常用形容詞短語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣用法、常用形容詞短語(yǔ)?這些是考查的重點(diǎn).4,介詞短語(yǔ)【概念】①介詞短語(yǔ):指由介詞+介詞、介詞+名詞、介詞+分詞、介詞+動(dòng)詞、介詞+形容詞、介詞+副詞等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ).常用的有:accordingto,alongwith,infrontof,bymeansof,inspiteof,togetherwith,withregardto等.②概念點(diǎn)撥:介詞短語(yǔ)是由介詞加賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成,本身可作句子成分,如定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)等,可單獨(dú)使用;介詞與其他詞類或成分結(jié)合后方能在句子中充當(dāng)語(yǔ)法成分,構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ).【用法】介詞短語(yǔ)可以作定語(yǔ)（須后置）、狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、另ー個(gè)介詞的賓語(yǔ),間或作主語(yǔ)等.例如:①作定語(yǔ)Theskyscraperinthedistanceisafive-starhotel.（疋語(yǔ)）Theoldthingareallthreeyearsold.（ ）onshow,hundredfbrshowing,hundredsofonshow,hundreds分析:這些展出的古老的東西都三百年了.解答:onshow展出，介詞短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ),三百年threehundredyears,hundredsof意思是”數(shù)以百計(jì)的”,結(jié)合句意”這些展出的古老的東西都三百年了.”可知,答案為A.②做狀語(yǔ)Hereyesweretiredfromlongreading.（狀語(yǔ)）Graceoftengetsnervousbeforeshegivesaspeech.（ ）inpubicintotalincommon分析：Grace在公眾場(chǎng)合演講前經(jīng)常緊張.解答:結(jié)合語(yǔ)境Graceoftengetsnervous可以推斷這句話表達(dá)的意思是"Grace在公眾場(chǎng)合演講前經(jīng)常緊張.”,所以設(shè)空處的介詞短語(yǔ)表達(dá)的意思是”在公眾場(chǎng)合”,應(yīng)該用inpublic,intota『總共"，incommon”共有”都不符合句意,故選A點(diǎn)評(píng):英語(yǔ)介詞的ー個(gè)特點(diǎn)是ー詞多義,并且介詞間語(yǔ)義交叉現(xiàn)象很多,習(xí)慣用法也很多,有時(shí)很難從詞義上區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái).故學(xué)習(xí)中要注意不斷總結(jié),熟記一些介詞和動(dòng)詞的固定搭配用法及習(xí)慣用法,是完成此類問(wèn)題的捷徑.③作表語(yǔ)Thedecisionisofgreatimportancetome.（衣店）Mostofthewildanimalsarebecauseoftheirbadlivingenvironment.-Sowemustdosomethingtosavethem.（ ）inneedondutyatworkindanger分析ー一大多數(shù)野生動(dòng)物由于惡劣的生存條件而處在瀕危之中.--所以我們必須采取措施拯救它們.解答:首先明確選項(xiàng)中每個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)的意思,A：需要;B:值日;C:在工作;D!處于危險(xiǎn)中；根據(jù)題干結(jié)合推測(cè)設(shè)空處句子的句意是"大多數(shù)野生動(dòng)物由于惡劣的生存條件而處在瀕危之中.",由此判斷句子中缺少"處于危險(xiǎn)中"ー詞,故答案為D.④做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Theyfoundthemachineinabadstate.(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))Whenwegetonthebus,wesh