(完整版)八年級英語下冊Unit3知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom

Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?Peter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？Couldyoupleasedosth?請你（做）……好嗎？用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。Could不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法?；卮鹩胏an.【常用答語】肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,Ican't2、takeout取出（v+adv）【注】：跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊Histeethhurtbadly.Thedentisttakethemout.【短語】takeoutthetrash倒垃圾takeawalk散步takeaway拿走，取走takeback收回takeplace發(fā)生takeoff脫下；起飛Canyoudothedishes.？那你可以洗盤子嗎？dothedishes洗碗【結(jié)構(gòu)1】dothe+名詞：dothedishes/laundry洗餐具/衣服【結(jié)構(gòu)2】dothe+動詞-ingdothecleaning打掃衛(wèi)生【結(jié)構(gòu)3】doone's+名詞doone'shousework/homework做家務(wù)/家庭作業(yè)【結(jié)構(gòu)4】dosome+動詞-ingdosomereading/shopping讀寫書/購物CouldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow?至少讓我看完這個節(jié)目可以嗎？1】CouldIdoasth?我可以做……嗎？用于表達(dá)請求，語氣比較委婉。CouldIgooutwithmyclassmatethisweekend?2】atleast至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。（反）atmost至少，不超過Nowallofusexerciseatleastanhouradayandoutsideschool.3】finishv結(jié)束；完成finishdoingsth做完某事—Canyoufinish__reading__thesebooksbefore10o'clock?—Yes,Ican.5、IthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!我覺得你看兩個小時的電視已經(jīng)足夠了。1]twohoursofTV表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Howtimeisflies!Threeyears__is（be）reallyashorttime.足夠的，充分的（在句中作定語或表語）【解析2】enoughIdon'thaveenoughmoneywithme.足夠；充分（放在形容詞；副詞后）Theriverisdeepenoughforswimming.【記】Mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn'tkindenoughtohelpothers.【注意】enough修飾名詞時，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。6、Couldyoutakeouttherubbish,foldtheclothesanddothedishes?你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？【解析】takeout拿出；取出take的用法：Pleasetakesomebookstotheclassroom.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.takeTheyusuallytakethebustowork.Ittakesmetwohourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.【拓展】take構(gòu)成的短語：takeawalk去散步takearest休息takecareof照顧takeoff脫下；起飛takeup占據(jù)takedown拿下takeone'stime不急；慢慢來takeone'stemperature量體溫TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我剛坐在電視機(jī)前面，我媽媽就過來了?！窘馕?】theminute=assoonas"一就”Pleasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.【解析2】infrontof指在物體外部的前面Thereisabikeinfrontoftheclassroom.【辨析】指在物體內(nèi)部的前面Ourteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom【記】Thedriversatinthefrontofthecar.Thepolicemanstoodinfrontofthecar.【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大：attable吃飯；進(jìn)餐inhospital住院atthetabel在桌邊inthehospital在醫(yī)院（不一定看?。窘馕?】comeover過來【拓展】come短語：comeacross（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn)comeback回來comeupwith想出cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)comedown下來comefrom=befrom來自,出生于comein/into進(jìn)入，進(jìn)來comeon趕快，加油comealong走吧，過來，快點(diǎn)comeandgo來來去去comeup上來comeout出來，（花）開，（照片）沖洗出來YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!你總是看電視，從不幫忙做家務(wù)！allthetime=always一直；總是I'mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一樣累！【解析】as...as...和一樣Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一周的時間，她不做任何家務(wù)，我也不做?！窘馕觥縩either+助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語“某人（主語）也不”⑴neither兩者都不neither...nor...既不…也不…，連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主語確定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent⑵表達(dá)“…也不……”則用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V情+主”—Thefirstonewasn'tbad.—Neitherwasthesecond.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔?！窘馕觥縡ind+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語【注】find—found—foundv尋找⑴findsb.doingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事findit+adj.+todosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很?finditdifficult/hardtodosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難Shefound_it__hardtofinishtheworkbyherself.Sheaskedinsurprise.她吃驚地問道?！窘馕觥縤nsurprise驚奇地；吃驚地surprisev使吃驚—surprisingadj.令人吃驚的—surprisedadj.吃驚的toone'ssurprise使某人吃驚的是insurprise吃驚地besurprisedat對感至U吃驚Tomysurprise_(使我吃驚的是)，hegotthefirstprizeintheexam."I'mdosorry,Mom.Ifinishunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome."Ireplied.“對不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔(dān)家務(wù)?！蔽一卮鹫f?！窘馕?】needv需要用于肯定句，是實(shí)義動詞。人做主語，sb.needtodosth某人需要做某事物做主語，sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedone①Studentsneedtohave(have)agoodrestinstudying.②Thewatchneeds__mending(mend).用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動詞needn't=don'thaveto沒有必要need,must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must，否定回答用needn't—MustIgotherenow?—Yes,youmust/No,youneedn't【解析2]share分享；共用sharesth分享或共用某物sharesthwithsb.與某人分享某物(Allhisfriends__Sharedhishappinesswhenhewonthematch.CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎？【解析】hangout閑逛hangup把懸掛/掛起Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？【解析】pass⑴v給；遞；走過；通過passsb.sth把某物遞給某Passon傳遞Pleasepassthepaperontotheotherstudents.⑵v通過；路過Ipassyourhome.⑶v通過(考試)；及格Tomcanpasshismathexam.CouldIborrowthatbook?我能借下你那本書看嗎、Couldyoulendmesomemoney?你能借我一些錢嗎？【解析】borrow/lend/keep⑴borrow借入，與from連用，尤指主語"【借進(jìn)來”】borrowsthfromsb.從某人那里借某物Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.lend借出，與to搭配【指借出去】lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借給某人Hedoesn'twanttolendhisbooktoothers.keep保留，保存(延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用)【指借一段時間】【記】Iwantto__borrow__abikefrommyfriendbuthedidn't_lendittome,becauseTomhad_keptitfortwodays.IcutmyfingerandI'mtryingnottogetitwet.我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕?！窘馕觥縯ry(not)todosth努力(不)做某事。tryv試圖，設(shè)法，努力【拓展】(1)tryon試穿trytodosth努力做某事【側(cè)重盡力做】trydoingsth試圖做某事【側(cè)重嘗試做】tryone'sbesttodosth=doone'sbesttodosth盡某人最大努力做某事Ihatetodochores.我討厭做家務(wù)。hatetodosth討厭做某事，表示某次具體行為或動作。Ihatetotroublehim.hatedoingsth不愿意做某事表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性行為或動作。Shehatessmokinginherroom.CouldIaskyoutohelpmewithsomechoresthen?那我能請求你幫我做些雜活嗎？【解析】asksb.todosth要求某人做某事。askfor請求，要某物asksb.aboutsth向某人詢問關(guān)于某事asksb.forhelp向某人請求幫助asksb.(not)todosth請求某人做某事ask構(gòu)成的短語：短語含義asksb.todosth請某人做某事asksb.nottodosth不讓某人做某事asksbforsth向某人要某物askforhelp尋求幫助19.I'llfinishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.當(dāng)你幫我洗盤子的時候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)?！窘馕?】finishdoingsth完成某事—Canyoufinish_reading__thesebooksbefore10o'clock?—Yes,Ican.【解析2】whileconj.“在……期間；當(dāng)……的時候”While引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)動詞。_While__thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancelessonsonthebeach.【解析3】helpsb.withsth.在某事上幫助某人?！咀ⅰ縣elpv幫助—helpfuladj.有幫助的helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事withthehelpofsb.=withone'shelp在某人的幫助之下withoutthehelpof沒有在…的幫助之下Ithinkreadingisvery__helpful(help).__Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn'tcatchthethief.20.CouldIinvitemyfriendstoaparty?我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？【解析】invitesb.toSp.邀請某人去某地【解析】invitev—invitationn邀請invitesb.todosth邀請某人做某事invitesb.to+地點(diǎn)邀請某人去某地21.1don'tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)?！窘馕觥縨akesb.dosth讓某人做某事make—made—madev.做，制作，使得makesb/sth+形容詞"讓某人或某物…”makeyouhappymakesb/sthdosth使某人做某事makemelaugh.Colorscanchangeourmoodsandmakeus_feel__happyorsad,energeticorsleep.Theydon'thavetimetostudyanddohousework，too.他們也沒有時間來學(xué)習(xí)家務(wù)和做家務(wù)?！窘馕觥縣avetimetodosth.有時間做某事havetime=befree有空Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家務(wù)是在浪費(fèi)他們的時間?！窘馕觥縜wasteof浪費(fèi)awasteoftime浪費(fèi)時間awasteofmoney浪費(fèi)金錢wastev“浪費(fèi)”wastetime/moneyonsthwastetime/money(in)doingsth在做某事上花費(fèi)時間/金錢Don'twastewater.Can'tyouseethesign"savewater"?Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學(xué)，他們應(yīng)該把時間用在學(xué)習(xí)上?！窘馕?】spend...onsth在某事上花費(fèi)……spend/pay/cost/take花費(fèi)(1)spend—spent—spentv花費(fèi)，主語是人sb.+spend+時間/錢+onsth?sb.+spend+時間/錢+(in)doingsth?spendon=payfor支付Hespendstoomuchtimeonthecomputergames.Remembertospendsometime_with_yourlovedones,becausethey'renotgoingtobearoundforever.Myfather__spentonehundredthousandyuanonhisnewcar.⑵pay—paid—paidv支付，主語是人sb.+pay+錢+forsthIpay10yuanforthebook.—Howmuchdidyou__pay__forthiscomputer?—Fivehundreddollars.cost—cost—costv花費(fèi)，主語是某物或某事?sthcostsb.+錢某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.Iboughtanewsweaterlastweekend.Itcost_me120yuan.take—took—takenv花費(fèi)?Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時間Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.【解析2】inorderto"目的是；為了”后接動詞原形。inordertodosth為了做某事Heranquicklyinordernot__tobelateforthemeeting.【解析3】getinto=enter進(jìn)入【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語：getup起床getback返回getover克月服getdressed穿衣getinto進(jìn)入get/belost丟失getoff/on下/上車getonwellwithsb.與某人相處得好getoutof從…出來getwarm變曖getreadyfor+n.為…做準(zhǔn)備getreadytodosth.準(zhǔn)備做某事getwell康復(fù)getachanee有機(jī)會、得到機(jī)會get/gotosleep(fallasleep)入睡相關(guān)：(beasleep睡著)Also,whentheygetolder,theywillhavetodohousrworksothere'snoneedforthemtodoitnow.而且，當(dāng)他們長大的時候，他們也將會做家務(wù)，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做。【解析】getolder長大get/become/go辨析：⑴get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級連用。ThedaysaregettingIongerandIonger.⑵become強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果It'sbecomingcolderandcolder.⑶go+adj.”表示令人不快的事情gobad變壞，goblind變瞎，gohungry挨餓Itistheparents'jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家為孩子們提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務(wù)?！窘馕觥縫rovidesth.forsb.為某人提供某物providev提供providesb.withsth.(sb前介詞用for)=providesthforsb.(sth前需加介詞with)供應(yīng)某人某物相當(dāng)于：offersb.sth.=vide為應(yīng)急等做好準(zhǔn)備而"提供；供給”providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb提供某人某物offer側(cè)重表示"愿意給予”offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.對某人提供某物offertodosth主動提出干某事supply定期"供應(yīng)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)替代或補(bǔ)充所需物品Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.為某人提供某物TheInternetprovidesus_with__alotof_informationweneed.一Couldyoupleaseprovideus_withsomeinformationaboutthestudents'health?—Ofcourse,it'smypleasure.Andanyway,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult.無論如何，我認(rèn)為做家務(wù)并不那么難?！窘馕觥縜nyway無論如何，(一般放在句首，用逗號和句子隔開)Ithinkitisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework.我認(rèn)為對孩子們來說，學(xué)習(xí)如何做雜務(wù)并幫助他們的父母做家務(wù)是很重要的?！窘馕觥縄tisimportantforsb.todosth.對某人來說做某事是重要的Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴他們的父母?！窘馕觥縟ependon依靠；信賴Shallwegoforapicnictomorrow?Well,italldependsontheweather....Everyoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.每個人都有責(zé)任保持家里的干凈和整潔?！窘馕?】doone'spart盡職責(zé)；盡本分Doone'spartindoingsth在做某事上盡職責(zé)【解析2】keep+sth/sb.+adj.“使......處于某種狀態(tài)”Hermotheraskedhertokeepthewindows__open__andthedoor__closed__.keep系動詞"保持"keep+adj.Wemustkeephealthy.實(shí)義動詞"保持；繼續(xù)"keep(on)doingsth繼續(xù)做某事HewasingreatpainbuthekeptonworkingHekepton__talking__aftertheballrangforclass.keepsb.Doingsth讓某人一直做某事I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.Myteacherkeptme__doinghomeworkalltheafternoon.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren'sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.做雜務(wù)不僅可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨(dú)立性還可以教他們?nèi)绾握疹欁约??！窘馕觥縟evelopindependence培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立意識developv—developmentn發(fā)展—developingadj.發(fā)展的—developedadj.發(fā)達(dá)的adevelop