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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東碧桂園職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Obviouslyhehasdoneaveryterriblethingtoday,but(

),hecan’tbeheldresponsibleinthecriminaljusticesystem.

問題1選項

A.justifiably

B.legally

C.reasonably

D.understandingly

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:很明顯他今天做了件非??植赖氖?,但是法律上他無法被刑事司法制度判為有罪。justifiably“公平地”;legally“法律地”;reasonably“合理地”;understandingly“有理解力地”。根據(jù)句意,選項B符合題意。

2.單選題

WhenBartleyHubbardwenttointerviewSilasLaphamforthe“SolidMenofBoston”series,whichheundertooktofinishupinTheEvents,afterhereplacedtheoriginatoroftheprojectonthatnewspaper,Laphamreceivedhiminhisprivateofficebypreviousappointment.

“Walkrightin!”hecalledouttothejournalist,whomhecaughtsightofthroughthedoorofthecountingroom.

Hedidnotrisefromthedeskatwhichhewaswriting,buthegaveBartleyhislefthandforwelcome,andherolledhislargeheadinthedirectionofavacantchair.“Sitdown!I’llbewithyouinjusthalfaminute.”

“Takeyourtime,”saidBartley,withtheeaseheinstantlyfelt.“I’minnohurry.”Hetookanote-bookfromhispocket,laiditonhisknee,andbegantosharpenapencil.

“There!”Laphampoundedwithhisgreathairyfistontheenvelopehehadbeenaddressing.“William!”hecalledout,andhehandedthelettertoaboywhocametogetit.Iwantthattogorightaway.Well,sir,”hecontinued,wheelingroundinhisleather-cushionedswivelchair,andfacingBartley,seatedsonearthattheirkneesalmosttouched,“soyouwantmylife,death,andChristiansufferings,doyou,youngman?”

“That’swhatI’mafter,”saidBartley.“Yourmoneyoryourlife.”

“Iguessyouwouldn’twantmylifewithoutthemoney,”saidLapham,asifhewerewillingtoprolongthesemomentsofpreparation.

“Takethemboth,”Bartleysuggested,“Don’twantyourmoneywithoutyourlife,ifyoucometothat.Butyou’rejustonemilliontimesmoreinterestingtothepublicthanifyouhadn’tadollar;andyouknowthataswellasIdo;Mr.Lapham.There’snousebeatingaroundthebush.”

“No,”saidLapham,somewhatabsently.Heputouthishugefootandpushedtheground-glassdoorshutbetweenhislittledenandthebook-keepers,intheirlargerdenoutside.

“InpersonalappearancewroteBartleyinthesketchforwhichhenowstudiedhissubject,whilehewaitedpatientlyforhimtocontinue,“SilasLaphamisafinetypeofthesuccessfulAmerican.Hehasasquare,boldchin,onlypartiallyconcealedbytheshortreddish-greybeard,growingtotheedgesofhisfirmlyclosinglips.Hisnoseisshortandstraight;hisforeheadgood,butbroadratherthanhigh;hiseyesblue,andwithalightinthemthatiskindlyorsharpaccordingtohismood.Heisofmediumheight,andfillsanaveragearm-chairwithasolidbulk,whichonthedayofourinterviewwasunpretentiouslycladinabusinesssuitofblueserge.Hisheaddroopssomewhatfromashortneck,whichdoesnottroubleitselftorisefarfromapairofmassiveshoulders.”

“Idon’tknowasIknowjustwhereyouwantmetobegin,”saidLapham.

“Mightbeginwithyourbirth;that’swheremostofusbegin,”repliedBartley.

AgleamofhumorousappreciationshotintoLapham’sblueeyes.

“Ididn’tknowwhetheryouwantedmetogoquitesofarbackasthat,”hesaid.“Butthere’snodisgraceinhavingbeenborn,andI.wasbornintheStateofVermont,prettywellupundertheCanadaline—sowellup,infactIcameverynearbeinganadoptivecitizen;forIwasboundtobeanAmericanofsomesort,fromthewordGo!Thatwasabout—well,letmesee!—prettynearsixtyyearsago;thisis75,andthatwas20.Well,sayI’mfifty-fiveyearsold;andIhavelived’em,too;notanhourofwastetimeaboutme,anywhere!Iwasbornonafarm,and—”

“Workedinthefieldssummersandwenttoschoolwinters:regulationthing?”Bartleycutin.

“Regulationthing,”saidLapham,acceptingthisirreverentversionofhishistorysomewhatdryly.

“Parentspoor,ofcourse,”suggestedthejournalist.“Anybarefootbusiness?Earlydeprivationofanykind,thatwouldencouragetheyouthfulreadertogoanddolikewise?Orphanmyself,youknow,”saidBartley,withasmileofcynicalgood-comradery.

Laphamlookedathimsilently,andthensaidwithquietself-respect,“Iguessifyouseethesethingsasajoke,mylifewon’tinterestyou.”

“Ohyes,itwill,”returnedBartley,unabashed.“You’llsee;it’llcomeoutallright.”Andinfactitdidso,intheinterviewwhichBartleyprinted.

“Mr.Lapham”hewrote,“passedrapidlyoverthestoryofhisearlylife,itspovertyanditshardships,sweetened,however,bytherecollectionsofadevotedmother,andafatherwho,ifsomewhatherinferiorineducation,wasnolessambitiousfortheadvancementofhischildren.Theywerequiet,unpretentiouspeople,religious,afterthefashionofthattime,andofsterlingmorality,andtheytaughttheirchildrenthesimplevirtuesoftheOldTestamentandPoorRichard’sAlmanac.”

Bartleycouldnotdenyhimselfthisgibe;buthetrustedtoLapham’sunliteraryhabitofmindforhissecurityinmakingit,andmostotherpeoplewouldconsideritsincerereporter’srhetoric.

1ThenarratorincludesthefactthatLaphammetBartley“inhisprivateofficebypreviousappointment”tosuggestthatLapham______.

2.Lapham’sreactiontoBartley’sarrivalinhisofficecanbestbedescribedas______.

3.BartleyinformsLaphamthatheisanorphanhimselfforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT:______.

4.AccordingtoBartley’ssketchofLapham,Silascreditshisparentswith______.

5.Throughoutthepassage,Bartley’sattitudetowardLaphamcanbestbedescribedasoneof______.

問題1選項

A.managedtosqueezeBarleyintoabusyscheduleofappointments

B.hashiredanofficestafftoattendtothedetailsofthebusiness

C.wishestoenhancehisimageandstatus

D.knowsthatBartleyplanstoaskhimpersonalquestions

問題2選項

A.antagonistic;hetakesaninstantdisliketoBartley

B.casual;hewantstoappearaneasygoingfellowandlaidback

C.cordial;hetreatsBartleylikeawelcomeguest

D.indifferent;hehasmorepressingmatterstoattendto

問題3選項

A.toinsinuatethatLapham’sdeprivationswerenotunique

B.towinLapham’ssympathy

C.toestablishrapportwithLapham

D.tolightenuptheconversation

問題4選項

A.bestowingonhimanhonestandopenpersonality

B.motivatinghimtosucceedinlife

C.exposinghimtotheOldTestamentandPoorRichard’sAlmanac

D.tougheninghimupforacareerasabusinessman

問題5選項

A.cynicism

B.resentment

C.contempt

D.Ingratitude

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.【選項釋義】

1.ThenarratorincludesthefactthatLaphammetBartley“inhisprivateofficebypreviousappointment”tosuggestthatLapham______.1敘述者描述了拉帕姆與巴特利“在他的私人辦公室會面”的事實,以此暗示拉帕姆______。

A.managedtosqueezeBarleyintoabusyscheduleofappointmentsA.設(shè)法把巴利擠進(jìn)了繁忙的會議日程中

B.hashiredanofficestafftoattendtothedetailsofthebusinessB.已雇用辦公室職員來處理業(yè)務(wù)細(xì)節(jié)

C.wishestoenhancehisimageandstatusC.希望提升自己的形象和地位

D.knowsthatBartleyplanstoaskhimpersonalquestionsD.知道巴特利打算問他一些私人問題

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段“當(dāng)巴特利˙哈伯德代替報紙上的項目發(fā)起人去采訪塞拉斯˙拉帕姆的‘波士頓的好人’系列時,拉帕姆按照事先的約定在他的私人辦公室里接待了他”,由此可推斷,在私人辦公室進(jìn)行的采訪肯定會涉及一些私人問題,并且下文對于他們兩個談話的描述也可以看出,巴特利采訪涉及到了拉帕姆從出生開始到以后的事情,所以該題選擇D項“知道巴特利打算問他一些私人問題”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“設(shè)法把巴利擠進(jìn)了繁忙的會議日程中”和C項“希望提升自己的形象和地位”沒有提到,這兩項屬于無中生有;

B項“已雇用辦公室職員來處理業(yè)務(wù)細(xì)節(jié)”,文中沒有提到辦公室職員,只提到一個取信的男孩,該項屬于無中生有。

2.【選項釋義】

2.Lapham’sreactiontoBartley’sarrivalinhisofficecanbestbedescribedas______.2.拉帕姆對巴特利來到他辦公室的反應(yīng)可以用______來描述。

A.antagonistic;hetakesaninstantdisliketoBartleyA.敵對的;他一見到巴特利就不喜歡

B.casual;hewantstoappearaneasygoingfellowandlaidbackB.隨意的;他想表現(xiàn)得隨和

C.cordial;hetreatsBartleylikeawelcomeguestC.熱誠的;他把巴特利當(dāng)作受歡迎的客人

D.indifferent;hehasmorepressingmatterstoattendtoD.漠不關(guān)心的;他有更緊急的事情要處理

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容“他沒有從寫字的桌子上站起來,只是向巴特利伸出左手表示歡迎,然后把他的大腦袋轉(zhuǎn)到一張空椅子上。并說:‘坐下來!我半分鐘后就來找你’”,從中可以看出,拉帕姆是有其他事情需要處理,對巴特利的態(tài)度是比較冷漠的。因此,該題選擇D項“漠不關(guān)心的;他有更緊急的事情要處理”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“敵對的;他一見到巴特利就不喜歡”和B項“隨意的;他想表現(xiàn)得隨和”在原文沒有體現(xiàn),屬于無中生有;

C項“熱誠的;他把巴特利當(dāng)作受歡迎的客人”由解題思路可知,與原文相反,屬于反向干擾。

3.【選項釋義】

3.BartleyinformsLaphamthatheisanorphanhimselfforallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT:______.3.巴特利告訴拉帕姆,他自己也是一個孤兒,原因如下,除了______。

A.toinsinuatethatLapham’sdeprivationswerenotuniqueA.暗示拉帕姆的貧困不是唯一的

B.towinLapham’ssympathyB.為了贏得拉帕姆的同情

C.toestablishrapportwithLaphamC.與拉帕姆建立融洽關(guān)系

D.tolightenuptheconversationD.為了讓談話輕松些

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第十七段“巴特利臉上帶著譏諷的友好的微笑(withasmileofcynicalgood-comradery)說:父母當(dāng)然很窮,這是白手起家嗎?任何形式的早期剝奪,會鼓勵年輕的讀者去做同樣的事情嗎?我自己也是個孤兒,你知道的?!焙偷谑硕巍袄聊纺乜粗?,然后帶著平靜的自尊說:我猜如果你把這些事情看成一個笑話,你就不會對我的生活感興趣了?!崩斫饪芍?,當(dāng)巴特利告訴拉帕姆,他自己也是一個孤兒時,談話并沒有輕松下來。因此,該題選擇D項符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“暗示拉帕姆的貧困不是唯一的”、B項“為了贏得拉帕姆的同情”和C項“與拉帕姆建立融洽關(guān)系”從第十七段的內(nèi)容可以看出來,這三項符合原文,屬于反向干擾。

4.【選項釋義】

4.AccordingtoBartley’ssketchofLapham,Silascreditshisparentswith______.4.根據(jù)巴特利對拉帕姆的簡報,塞拉斯認(rèn)為他的父母______。

A.bestowingonhimanhonestandopenpersonalityA.賦予了他誠實和開放的性格

B.motivatinghimtosucceedinlifeB.激勵他在生活中取得成功

C.exposinghimtotheOldTestamentandPoorRichard’sAlmanacC.讓他接觸了《舊約》和《窮理查年鑒》

D.tougheninghimupforacareerasabusinessmanD.讓他成為一名商人

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至倒數(shù)第二段巴特利對拉帕姆的簡單描述“拉帕姆先生他很快就忘掉了他早年的生活,那貧窮和艱辛的生活,然而,他回憶起一位慈愛的母親和一位雖不如她受教育程度高,但對孩子們的進(jìn)步也同樣雄心勃勃的父親,使他的生活變得更加美好。他們是安靜、樸實的人,信仰宗教,符合當(dāng)時的風(fēng)尚,具有高尚的道德。他們把《舊約》和《窮理查年鑒》中的簡單美德教給孩子們。”可知,塞拉斯˙拉帕姆認(rèn)為即使早年生活貧困,父母教育程度不高,但是他們?nèi)匀粫M力使他的生活變得更加美好,激勵他進(jìn)步。因此,該題選擇B項“激勵他在生活中取得成功”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“賦予了他誠實和開放的性格”和D項“讓他成為一名商人”在原文沒有提到,屬于無中生有;

C項“讓他接觸了《舊約》和《窮理查年鑒》”表述比較片面,屬于以偏概全。

5.【選項釋義】

5.Throughoutthepassage,Bartley’sattitudetowardLaphamcanbestbedescribedasoneof______.5.在整篇文章中,巴特利對拉帕姆的態(tài)度可以用______來描述。

A.cynicismA.玩世不恭

B.resentmentB.憤恨

C.contemptC.輕視,蔑視

D.IngratitudeD.忘恩負(fù)義

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)最后一段第一句“巴特利無法克制自己的這種嘲弄(gibe)”,和第十七段最后一句提到“帶著譏諷的(cynical)友好的微笑”,從gibe和cynical這兩個詞可以看出,巴特利對拉帕姆的態(tài)度是輕蔑的。因此,該題選擇C項“輕視,蔑視”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】A項“玩世不恭”、B項“憤恨”和D項“忘恩負(fù)義”根據(jù)解題思路可知,這三項屬于曲解原文。

3.單選題

Wehavebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycan’tabsorbanarmyofuntrainedeighteen-year-olds.Butdisappointinggraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrainedtwenty-two-year-olds,either.

問題1選項

A.gotocollege

B.anarmyof

C.disappointinggraduates

D.either

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的使用。disappointing是形容詞,表示“令人失望的”,一般用于事物給人的感覺,修飾是事物,這里修飾的名詞是graduates(畢業(yè)生),該處應(yīng)該要表示“感到失望的畢業(yè)生”,所以要用disappointed(感到失望的)。句意:我們被告知,年輕人必須上大學(xué),因為我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)無法吸納大批未經(jīng)訓(xùn)練的18歲青年。但失望的畢業(yè)生們發(fā)現(xiàn),它也無法再吸收大批訓(xùn)練有素的22歲年輕人。因此,該題選擇C項。

4.單選題

Howsuccessfulpeopleareincopingwithanewculture()ahostoffactors,suchasone’sprimarycultureandthespecificbehaviorthatisbeingmodified.

問題1選項

A.arecontingenton

B.iscontingenton

C.contingentupon

D.beingcontingentupon

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配辨析。A選項arecontingenton“是取決于”;B選項iscontingenton“依……而定”;C選項contingentupon“視……而定”;D選項beingcontingentupon“被視作”。becontingenton“取決于,依賴于”。此外句子的主句是一個從句,即主語從句,所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)。句意:成功人士如何處理一種新文化……很多因素,如一個人的原始教育和即將修正的具體行為。因此B選項正確。

5.單選題

Whenan'inventionismade,theinventorhasthreepossible(1)ofactionopentohim:hecangivetheinventiontotheworldbypublishingit,keeptheidea(2),orpatentit.

A(3)patentistheresultofabargain(4)betweenaninventorandthestate,buttheinventorgetsalimitedperiodofmonopolyandpublishesfulldetailsofhisinventiontothepublicafterthatperiod(5).

Onlythemostexceptionalcircumstances(6)thelifespanofapatent(7)toalterthisnormalprocessofevents.

Thelongestextensionever(8)wastoGeorgesValensi:his1939patentforcolorTVreceivercircuitwasextendeduntil1971becauseformostofthepatent'snormallifetherewasnocolorTVto(9)andthusnohopeforrewardfortheinvention.

Becauseapatentremainspermanently(10)afterithasterminated,theshelvesofthelibraryattachedtothe(11)officecontaindetailsofliterallymillionsofideasdialarefreeforanyonetouseand,if(12)thanhalfacentury,sometimesevenre-patent.Indeed,patentexpertsoftenadviseanyone(13)toavoidthehighcostofconductingasearchthrough(14)patentsthattheonesurewayofviolationofanyotherinventor'srightistoplagiarizeadeadpatent.Likewise,becausepublicationofanideainanyotherform(15)invalidatesfurtherpatentsonthatidea,itistraditionally(16)totakeideasfromotherareasofprint.Muchmoderntechnologicaladvanceis(17)onthesepresumptionsoflegalsecurity.

Anyoneclosely(18)inpatentsandinventionssoonlearnsthatmost"new"ideasare,infact,asoldasthehills.Itistheirreductiontocommercialpractice,eitherthroughnecessityordedication,orthroughtheavailabilityofnewtechnology,(19)makesnewsandmoney.Thebasicpatentforthetheoryformagneticrecordingdatesbackto1886.Manyoftheoriginalideasbehindtelevisionoriginate(20)thelate19thandearly20thcentury.EventheVolkswagenrearenginecarwasanticipatedbya1904patentforacartwiththehorseattherear.

問題1選項

A.work

B.possibility

C.measures

D.courses

問題2選項

A.open

B.covered

C.secret

D.improved

問題3選項

A.granted

B.granting

C.inventing

D.invented

問題4選項

A.striking

B.struck

C.tobestriking

D.tostrike

問題5選項

A.terminating

B.continuing

C.continues

D.terminates

問題6選項

A.are

B.tobe

C.be

D.is

問題7選項

A.extending

B.willextend

C.extended

D.tobeextended

問題8選項

A.granted

B.granting

C.togrant

D.beinggranted

問題9選項

A.receiving

B.sending

C.receive

D.send

問題10選項

A.public

B.secret

C.close

D.concealed

問題11選項

A.customer

B.commerce

C.patent

D.television

問題12選項

A.longer

B.older

C.weaker

D.younger

問題13選項

A.wished

B.refusing

C.refused

D.whishing

問題14選項

A.live

B.dead

C.working

D.recording

問題15選項

A.temporarily

B.suddenly

C.permanently

D.sharply

問題16選項

A.dangerous

B.undesirable

C.safe

D.terrible

問題17選項

A.contracted

B.sent

C.anticipated

D.based

問題18選項

A.involving

B.involved

C.contained

D.containing

問題19選項

A.which

B.when

C.that

D.where

問題20選項

A.with

B.off

C.before

D.from

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:D

第7題:C

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:A

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:A

第15題:C

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:B

第19題:C

第20題:D

【解析】1.句意:當(dāng)一項發(fā)明創(chuàng)造問世時,對發(fā)明者而言有三種可供選擇的。因此D項courses(做法)符合句意。

2.句意:他可以把這項發(fā)明公布于世,或,或申請專利。根據(jù)空格處前后句意推測,此處選C。意為“保密”。

3.句意:專利是發(fā)明者與國家之間達(dá)成的一種契約。因此A項granted(授予)正確。

4.句意:授予的專利發(fā)明者與國家之間達(dá)成的一種契約。此為動詞strike的過去分詞形式做后置定語。

5.句意:按照契約,發(fā)明者可以對自己的成果在一定期限內(nèi)享有壟斷權(quán),壟斷后,他就得把發(fā)明的細(xì)節(jié)問題公之于眾。Terminate意為“結(jié)束”,此為時間狀語從句,從句中缺謂語動詞。故選D。

6.句意:只有在極其特殊的情況下才可以延長專利期限。此句為only短語位于句首,句子應(yīng)部分倒裝,主語為thelifespanofpatent,因此用系動詞is。

7.此處主語為專利,所以應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài),is被提前了,因此選C。

8.句意:曾經(jīng)最長的專利延期名額給了GeorgesValensi。這里應(yīng)用grant的過去分詞形式表被動。

9.句意:1939年他就取得彩色電視接收器線路的專利,而且這一專利延續(xù)到1971年,因為這項專利在其大部分正常期限內(nèi)都沒有彩電可供,這樣這項專利無望獲得回報。因此,send(發(fā)送)符合句意。而且,空格前為動詞不定式to,因此選D。

10.句意:因為一項專利到期后,就永遠(yuǎn)了。A項符合句意和邏輯。

11.句意:因此,局所屬的圖書館架子上有成千上萬種專利。根據(jù)句意選C。

12.句意:如果半個世紀(jì),任何人都可以自由使用。longer長久的,長期的;older多年的,長時間的;weaker虛弱的;younger年輕的。因此選B。

13.句意:實際上,專利專家們常對開發(fā)有效專利而又避免高額費(fèi)用的人提出建議,避免侵犯他人專利的有效辦法就是使用過期專利。此處,wish符合句意,此處邏輯主語為anyone,因此選D。

14.句意:實際上,專利專家們常對希望開發(fā)有效專利而又避免高額費(fèi)用的人提出建議,避免侵犯他人專利的有效辦法就是使用過期專利。Live實況播送的;dead無效的;working起作用;recording記錄的。因此選A。

15.因為用任何其他方式公布觀點(diǎn)都會使之失效。C項permanently(永久地)符合句意。

16.句意:因此,傳統(tǒng)上,從其他印刷材料上想出辦法是。C項safe(安全的)符合句意。

17.句意:眾多現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的進(jìn)步都是這些法律安全的考慮。因此D項based(根據(jù))符合句意。

18.句意:任何一個經(jīng)常專利和發(fā)明的人很快會得知。B項involved(參與了)符合句意。

19.句意:只有把握時代的需求,跟上新技術(shù)的步伐,專利才能變成商業(yè)實踐,做到名利雙收。此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,應(yīng)用引導(dǎo)詞that。

20.句意:電視生成原理許多原創(chuàng)思路都起源于19世紀(jì)后期和20世紀(jì)初。

6.單選題

Somefeltthattheywerehurryingintoanepochofunprecedentedenlightenment,inwhichbettereducationandbeneficialtechnologywould(

)wealthandleisureforall.

問題1選項

A.ensure

B.maintain

C.certify

D.console

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。ensure“保證,確保,使安全”;maintain“維持”;certify“證明,保證”;console“安慰,慰藉”。句意:一些人認(rèn)為他們正匆忙進(jìn)入一個空前教化的時代,在這里更好的教育、更有利的科技可以確保人們健康和有足夠的休閑時間。選項A符合題意。

7.單選題

Sucheuphemismsmaybestylistically"permissible'"iftheyarekeptwithin.

問題1選項

A.boundaries

B.ranges

C.borders

D.limits

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項boundariesn.界限,分界線,邊界;B選項rangesn.里程,范圍;C選項bordersn.邊界,邊緣地區(qū);D選項limitsn.范圍,限制,領(lǐng)土。句意:這樣的委婉用法在文體結(jié)構(gòu)上是可以的,但前提是要在有限范圍內(nèi)使用。根據(jù)句意可知,D項符合題意。因此,D項是正確答案。

8.單選題

TheauthorsoftheUnitedStatesConstitutionattemptedtoestablishaneffectivenationalgovernmentwhilepreserving()forthestatesandlibertyforindividuals.

問題1選項

A.autonomy

B.dignity

C.monopoly

D.stability

【答案】A

【解析】autonomy自治;dignity尊嚴(yán),

高貴;monopoly壟斷;stability穩(wěn)定性。句意:撰寫美國國家憲法的人試圖建立一個高效的國家政府,

即能保證各個州的自治,

又能保證個人的自由。選項A符合句意。

9.單選題

Likeanoldladyplayingthe______maiden,theseniorpoliticiankeptthemediaandthepublicguessingaboutherpolicyintentionsatthepressconference.

問題1選項

A.domestic

B.tough

C.modest

D.coy

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.domestic家庭的;國內(nèi)的B.tough艱苦的;嚴(yán)厲的

C.modest謙虛的;不太大(或太貴、太重要等)的D.coy羞羞答答的,忸怩作態(tài)的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)所修飾的詞語maiden(少女)和keptthemediaandthepublicguessingaboutherpolicyintentions(讓媒體和公眾猜測她的政策意圖)可知,空格處表示“忸怩作態(tài)的,靦腆的”符合句意,故該題選擇D項。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C項不符合句意。

【句意】在記者招待會上,這位資深政治家就像一個故作靦腆的少女,讓媒體和公眾猜測她的政策意圖。

10.單選題

SomescientistshavesuggestedthatEarthisakindof,zooorwildlife()forintelligentspacebeings,likethewildernessareaswehavesetuponearthtoallowanimalstodevelopnaturallywhileweobservethem.

問題1選項

A.conservation

B.maintenance

C.storage

D.reserve

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。conservation“保存;保護(hù)”;maintenance“維護(hù);維修”;storage“存儲;倉庫”;reserve“存儲;自然保護(hù)區(qū)”,根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處的名詞與wildlife一起同zoo構(gòu)成并列成分,根據(jù)后句中的allowanimalstodevelopnaturally“允許動物自然生長”,可知此處應(yīng)該選擇名詞reserve,wildlifereserve是“野生動物保護(hù)區(qū)”的意思。句意:一些科學(xué)家表示地球就像宇宙智能生物的動物園或者野生動物……,正如我們在地球上設(shè)立荒野地帶,允許在我們的觀察下讓動物自然生長。故正確答案為選項D。

11.單選題

Itisconsiderednot(

)tolitterinpublicplaces.

問題1選項

A.respectful

B.respected

C.respectable

D.respective

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。respectful“對……恭敬的,尊敬的”;respected“受尊敬的,德高望重的”;respectable“可敬的,值得尊敬的,體面的”;respective“各自的,分別的”。句意:在公共場所亂丟東西被認(rèn)為是不被人尊敬的。C項符合題意。

12.單選題

Janebuysallthefashionmagazines,andshealwaystriestodressin()withthelateststyle.

問題1選項

A.confirmation

B.conformity

C.variation

D.proposal

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項confirmation“確認(rèn),證實”;B選項conformity“遵守,符合,一致”;C選項variation“變化”;D選項proposal“提議,建議,求婚”。句意:簡買了所有的時尚雜志,她總是試圖與最新的風(fēng)格一樣。本句表示,Jane喜歡時尚,總是緊跟時代潮流,那她穿的衣服應(yīng)該是跟最新款式風(fēng)格一致的,inconformitywith“與……一致,符合……”,B選項conformity“遵守,符合,一致”意思正確。因此B選項符合題意。

13.單選題

ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone'sparents.CalledtheMaintenanceofParentsBill,itreceivedthebackingoftheSingaporeGovernment.

Thatdoesnotmeanithasn’tgenerateddiscussion.SeveralmembersoftheParliamentopposedthemeasureasun-Asian.Otherswhoacknowledgedtheproblemoftheelderlypoorbelieveditadisproportionateresponse.Stillothersbelieveitwillsubvertrelationswithinthefamily:cynicsdubbeditthe"SueYourSon”law.

Thosewhosaythatthebilldoesnotpromotefilialresponsibility,ofcourse,areright.Ithasnothingtodowithfilialresponsibility,itkicksinwherefilialresponsibilityfails.Thelawcannotlegislatefilialresponsibilityanymorethanitcanlegislatelove.Allthelawcandoistoprovideasafetynetwherethismoralityprovesinsufficient.Singaporeneedsthisbillnottoreplacemorality,buttoprovideincentivestoshoreitup.

Likemanyotherdevelopednations,Singaporefacestheproblemsofanincreasingproportionofpeopleover60yearsofage.Demographyisinexorable.In1980,7.2%ofthepopulationwasinthisbracket.Bytheturnofthecentury,thatfigurewillgrowto11%.By2030,theproportionisprojectedtobe2%.Theproblemisnotoldage.Itisthattheratioofeconomicallyactivepeopletoeconomicallyinactivepeoplewilldecline.

Butnoamountofgovernmentexhortationorpaternalismwillcompletelyeliminatetheproblemofoldpeoplewhohaveinsufficientmeanstomakeendsmeet.Somepeoplewillfallthroughtheholesinanysafetynet.

Traditionally,aperson'sinsuranceagainstpovertyinhisoldagewashisfamily.Thisisnotrevolutionaryconcept.NorisituniquelyAsianCareandsupportforone'sparentsisauniversalvaluesharedbyallcivilizedsocieties.

TheprobleminSingaporeisthatthemoralobligationtolookafterone'sparentsisunenforceable.Afathercanbecompelledbylawtomaintainhischildren,ahusbandcanbeforcedtosupporthiswife.But,untilnow,asonordaughterhadnolegalobligationtosupporthisorherparent.

In1989,anAdvisoryCouncilwassetuptolookintotheproblemsoftheageD.Itsreportstatedwithatingeofcomplacencythat95%ofthosewhodidnothavetheirownincomewerereceivingcashcontributionsfromrelations.Butwhataboutthe5%whoaren’tgettingrelativessupport?Theyhaveseveraloptions:(a)getajobandworkuntiltheydie;(b)applyforpublicassistance(youhavetobedestitutetoapply);or(c)starvequietly.Noneoftheseoptionsissociallyacceptableandwhatifthis5%figuregrows,asitislikelytodo,associetyages?

TheMaintenanceofParentsBillwasputforthtoencouragethetraditionalvirtuesthathavesofarkeptAsiannationsfromsomeofthebreakdownsencounteredinotheraffluentsocieties.Thislegislationwillallowapersontoapplytothecourtformaintenancefromanyorallofhischildren.Thecourtwouldhavethediscretiontorefusetomakeanorderifitisunjust.

Thosewhoderidetheproposalforopeningupthecourtstofamilylawsuitsmissthepoint.Onlyinextremecaseswouldanyparenttakehischildtocourt.Ifitdoesindeedbecomelaw,thebill'seffectwouldbefarmoresubtle.

First,itwillreaffirmthenotionthatitiseachindividuals-notsociety's—responsibilitylookafterhisparents.SingaporeisstillconservativeenoughthatmostpeoplewillnotobjecttothisideA.Itreinforcesthetraditionalvaluesanditdoesn’thurtasocietynowandthentoreminditselfofitscorevalues.

Second,andmoreimportantitwillmakethosewhoareinclinedtoshirktheirresponsibilitiesthinktwice.Untilnow,ifapersonaskedfamilyelders,clergymenortheministryofcommunityDevelopmenttohelpgetfinancialsupportfromhischildren,themosttheycoulddowastomediate.Butmediatorshavenoteeth,andachildcouldsimplyignoretheirpleas.

Buttobesuedbyone'sparentswouldbeamassivelossofface.ItwouldbeapublicdisgraceFewpeoplewouldbesothick-skinnedastosay:SueandbedamneD.ThehandoftheconciliatorwouldbeimmeasurablystrengtheneD.Itisfarmorelikelythatsomesortofamicablesettlementwouldbereachediftherecalcitrantsonordaughterknowsthatthealternativeisapublictrial.

ItwouldbenicetothinkthatSingaporedoesn'tneedthiskindoflaw.Butthatbeliefignoresthecleardemographictrendsandtheeffectofaffluenceitselfontraditionalbonds.Thoseofuswhopushedforthebillwillconsiderourselvesmostsuccessfulifitactsasanincentivenottohaveitinvokedinthefirstplace.

1.ThemaintenanceofParentsBill().

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

3.Theauthorseemstosuggestthattraditionalvalues().

4.Theauthorthinksthatifthebillbecomeslawitseffectwouldbe().

5.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorseemstoimplythatsuccessoftheBilldependsupon().

問題1選項

A.receivedallpeople'ssupportintheSingaporeParliament

B.wasbelievedtosolvealltheproblemsoftheelderlypoor

C.wasintendedtosubstitutefortraditionalvaluesinSingapore

D.waspassedtomaketheyoungmoreresponsibletotheold

問題2選項

A.FilialresponsibilityinSingaporeisenforcedbylaw

B.Fathershavelegalobligationstomaintaintheirchildren

C.Itisanacceptablepracticefortheoldtocontinueworking

D.TheAdvisoryCouncilwassetupin1990

問題3選項

A.playaninsignificantroleinsolvingsocialproblem

B.arehelpfultotheelderlywhentheysuetheirchildren

C.areveryimportantinpreservingAsianuniqueness

D.aresignificantinhelpingtheBillgetapproved

問題4選項

A.indirect

B.unnoticed

C.apparent

D.unclear

問題5選項

A.strictenforcement

B.publicsupport

C.governmentassurance

D.filialawareness

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文第一句“ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone’sparents.”,中文翻譯:“本月,新加坡通過了一項法案,賦予贍養(yǎng)父母的道義義務(wù)以法律效力?!币虼?,綜合考慮,選項D為正確答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文“Afathercanbecompelledbylawtomaintainhischildren.”,中文翻譯:“法律可以強(qiáng)迫一個父親撫養(yǎng)他的孩子。”因此最佳答案為B選項。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“TheMaintenanceofParentsBillwasputforthtoencouragethetraditionalvirtuesthathavesofarkeptAsiannationsfromsomeofthebreakdownsencounteredinotheraffluentsocieties.”,中文翻譯:“贍養(yǎng)父母法案是為了鼓勵傳統(tǒng)美德,這些美德至今使亞洲國家遠(yuǎn)離其他富裕社會遭遇到的衰敗?!庇纱丝梢酝茢喑龃鸢高x擇C。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文“Ifitdoesindeedbecomelaw,thebill’seffectwouldbefarmoresubtle.”中文翻譯為:如果它真的成為法律,法案的效果將會更加微妙。”以及后文作者寫道贍養(yǎng)父母是個人的責(zé)任,并非社會的責(zé)任,但是有些人礙于情面,不得不重新考慮贍養(yǎng)父母的問題,可知,A項符合題目描述。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到原文最后一句“Thoseofuswhopushedforthebillwillconsiderourselvesmostsuccessfulifitactsasanincentivenottohaveitinvokedinthefirstplace.”,中文翻譯為:“我們這些推動該法案的人將認(rèn)為,如果它能作為一種激勵,使其在一開始就不被動用,那么自己是最成功的。”因此綜合可知,D選項是其主要原因。

14.填空題

I’msurprisedthatshehasagreedtomarryJohn.Iknewthathe(1)goingtopropose,butI(2)hertosayno.I(3)whatledhertoaccepthisoffer.She’scertainlynotinlovewithhim!

【答案】1.was

2.considered

3.wonder

【解析】1.固定搭配。begoingtodo打算做…,前面的謂語動詞knew用的過去式,因此這里也用過去式was。

2.固定搭配。

considersb.todosth.認(rèn)為某人會…。

3.語義題。句意:我在想是什么讓她決定接受他的求婚的。

15.單選題

Heretheburdenofhisthoughtisthatthephilosopher,aimingattruth,mustnot()theseductionoftryingtowritebeautifully.

問題1選項

A.subjectto

B.carryon

C.yieldto

D.aimat

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。subjectto“使……遭受,受制于”;carryon“繼續(xù),參與”;yieldto“屈服,服從”;aimat“目的在于……”。句意:他的思想負(fù)擔(dān)是,追求真理的哲學(xué)家不應(yīng)該屈服于嘗試優(yōu)雅寫作的誘惑。選項C符合題意。

16.單選題

Ⅳ.(CriminalLaw)

ThefirstchallengeforcriminalresponsibilityforcollectiveperpetrationsiswhetherthenotionofcollectiveactioncanbemadesenseforthepurposesofInternationalCriminalLaw.AsKutzsuggeststheissueofinclusionandexclusionofmembersfromacollectiveactionis“alwaysbothnormativeandfactual”,because“thechoiceofappropriatedescriptivelevel”remainsamatteroflegalpolicy.Iftherequirementsforcollectiveactionaresettoostrictthenmanyparticipantswillbeexcused.Ontheotherhandtoolaxrequirementsincreaseprosecutor’sdiscretionandallowchargingwiderrangeofindividuals,attheexpenseofimplicatingtoomanyindividualsandpossiblyrenderingpunishmentcontrover

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