考研考博-英語-大慶醫(yī)學(xué)高等?？茖W(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大慶醫(yī)學(xué)高等專科學(xué)?？荚囇侯}卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Sheweptinreliefwhenthetumourturnedouttobebenign.

問題1選項

A.notvicious

B.dangerous

C.unpleasant

D.beneficent

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.notvicious不邪惡的；不危險的B.dangerous危險的

C.unpleasant不愉快的D.beneficent有裨益的；行善的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息Sheweptinrelief（她如釋重負(fù)地哭了），結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞tumour（腫瘤）可推斷，benign表示“良性的”，即腫瘤不是危險的，A項詞義與之相近，故該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合劃線單詞詞義。

【句意】當(dāng)腫瘤被證實(shí)為良性時，她如釋重負(fù)地哭了。

2.單選題

Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.Inacomputerwithaspeedofonegigahertz（千兆赫），forexample,thecrystal"licks”abilliontimesasecond.Everyactionofthecomputertakesplaceintinysteps,eachabillionthofasecondlong.Asimpletransferofdatamaytakeonlyonestep;complexcalculationsmaytakemanysteps.Alloperations,however,mustbeginandendaccordingtotheclock’stimingsignals.

Becausemostmodemcomputersuseasinglerhythm,wecallthemsynchronous.Insidethecomputer’smicroprocessorchip,aclockdistributionsystemdeliversthetimingsignalsfromthecrystaloscillatortothevariouscircuits,justassoundinairdeliversthebeatofadrumtosoldierstosettheirmarchingpace.Becauseallpartsofthechipsharethesamerhythm,theoutputofanycircuitfromonestepcanserveastheinputtoanyothercircuitforthenextstep.Thesynchronizationprovidedbytheclockhelpschipdesignersplansequencesofactionsforthecomputer.

Theuseofacentralclockalsocreatesproblems.Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.Present-daytransistorscanprocessdatasoquicklythattheycanaccomplishseveralstepsinthetimethatittakesawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefultotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.Wouldn’titbenicetohaveanalternative?

OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,weareinvestigatingwaystodesigncomputingsystemsinwhicheachpartcanproceedatitsownpaceinsteadofdependingontherhythmofacentralclock.Wecallsuchsystemsasynchronous.Eachpartofanasynchronoussystemmayextendorshortenthetimingofitsstepswhenwalkingacrossroughterrain.

1.Whatdeterminestherhythmofthepersonalcomputer?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionsoundinairinthesecondparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadisadvantageoftheuseofacentralclock?

4.Theword“alternative”means（

）.

5.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat（

）.

問題1選項

A.Analarmingclock.

B.Acrystaloscillator.

C.Complexcalculations.

D.Theclock’stimingsignals.

問題2選項

A.Toillustratethetimingsignalsaredeliveredinasimilarwaysoundtravelsinair.

B.Toshowusthattimingsignals’speedcanbeasfastasthatofsound.

C.Becausethewaveoftimingsignalsissimilartothesoundwave.

D.Becausesoundisdeliveredbytimingsignals.

問題3選項

A.Distributingthetimingsignalsismoredifficultwhenspeedsarehigher.

B.Ithastotakeawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.

C.Carefuldesignisnecessarytokeeptherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechip.

D.Agreatdealofelectricalpowerisrequiredtoawholechipsynchronous.

問題4選項

A.method

B.substitute

C.answer

D.machine

問題5選項

A.thestructureofanasynchronoussystemisdifferentfromthatofasynchronoussystem.

B.thecentralclocksetstherhythmofpartsofanasynchronoussystem

C.eachpartofanasynchronoussystemcanchangetherhythmofthecentralclock.

D.searchingforbetterreplacementforthesynchronoussystemisaninternationalproblem.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.你的電腦有多快？當(dāng)人們問這個問題時，他們通常指的是計算機(jī)內(nèi)部一個微小時鐘的頻率，它是一個晶體振蕩器，設(shè)定了整個機(jī)器使用的基本節(jié)奏?！庇纱丝芍?，選項B符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文句意“在計算機(jī)的微處理器芯片中，一個時鐘分配系統(tǒng)將晶體振蕩器發(fā)出的定時信號傳送到各個電路中，就像鼓聲通過空氣傳播給士兵，以此來確定他們行進(jìn)的步伐一樣。”由此可推斷，這里提到鼓聲在空氣中傳播是為了說明定時信號的傳遞和聲音在空氣中傳播的方式是類似的，所以選項A正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.隨著速度的提高，定時信號的分配變得越來越困難?！边x項A符合原文；根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.要使一個大芯片的所有部件都保持相同的節(jié)奏，需要精心的設(shè)計和大量的電力?！边x項C和D符合原文。選項B是由于速度過快導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果而不是缺點(diǎn)，所以不正確，本題選B。

4.詞義題。結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容可知，“alternative”意為“替代品”，選項B與之意思相近。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,我們在太陽微系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究組正在尋找這樣的替代品。和世界上其他幾個組織一起...”由此可推斷，尋找更好的同步系統(tǒng)替代品是一個國際性問題，選項D正確。選項A，B，C均是事實(shí)，不是推導(dǎo)出來的，所以不符合題意。

3.單選題

Maggietiptoedoverandtooktheclockawaybecauseshehatedtohearit（）whenshewastryingtogotosleep.

問題1選項

A.sounding

B.humming

C.ticking

D.ringing

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A:sound“作聲，發(fā)聲，響”；B:hum“發(fā)連續(xù)低沉的聲音（如蜜蜂、馬達(dá)的嗡嗡聲）”；C:tick“發(fā)出滴答聲”；D:ring“鳴，發(fā)出清脆響亮的聲音”。句意：麥琪躡手躡腳走過來把鐘拿走了，因?yàn)樗憛捲谧约合胨X的時候聽它滴答地響。結(jié)合此處語境，修飾的是鬧鐘聲，故C為正確答案。

4.單選題

Between1815and1915,morethan30millionimmigrantsarrivedintheUnitedStates.ThesewerepeoplefromothercountrieswhocametomaketheUnitedStatestheirhome.

Immigrantscameformanyreasons.Someweredrivenawayfromhomebyhardshipssuchashunger,poverty,overpopulation,orpoliticalandreligioustroubles.SomewereattractedtotheUnitedStatesbythepromiseofabetterlife.Theyhadheardstoriesaboutcheapland,highwages,andevenaboutstreetspavedwithgold.Somecamebecauseofthepromiseofgreaterfreedominthisnewnation.

Inthemid-1800s,theUnitedStatesneededworkersalmosteverywhere.Workerswereneededtobuildrailroadsandbridges.TheywereneededintheslaughterhousesofChicagoandintheironandcoalminesofOhioandPennsylvania.Theywereneededinfactoriesandonfarms.Theywereneededtobuildhomesandbuildingsinthegrowingcities.AmericancompaniesadvertisedinEuropeforpeopletocometotheUnitedStates.

Thereweretwoperiodswhenimmigrantscameingreaternumbersthanusual.Between1815and1860,largenumbersofpeoplecamefromnorthernEurope.ThelargestgroupswereIrishandGermans.SomeAsians,mostlyChinese,alsocameduringthistime.

In1815,IrelandwasthemostcrowdedcountryinEurope.Mostpeoplehadnolandandlittlefoodormoney.FamilieswouldsendtheiryoungermemberstotheUnitedStates.Theyoungpeopleinturn,wouldfindjobsandsendmoneyhome.ThenthewholefamilywouldmovetotheUnitedStates.Inthe1840s,thepotatocropsfailedinIreland.Everywherepeoplediedofstarvationandfewer.Withintenyears,1.5millionIrishpeopleleftfortheUnitedStates.

MostIrishimmigrantslandedinNorthernportcitiessuchasBoston,NewYork,andPhiladelphia.Theydidnothaveenoughmoneytobuyfarms.Mostsettledinthepoorestareasofthesecities.Irishpeoplegottheworstjobsandlowestpay.Themendugcanals,builtroadsandrailroads,andworkedintextilefactories.Thewomenworkedinfactoriesorashouseholdservants.

MostGermanimmigrantscouldmoveonfromtheEasternportcities.ManyboughtfarmsintheMidwestorstartedbusinessinthenewerWesterncitiesofDetroit,Milwaukee,andChicago.

Thegoldrushof1849broughtmanyChinesetoCalifornia.Floods,typhoons,andhungerhadforcedmanyChinesetoleavetheirhomes.FromUnitedStatesmerchantshipsreachingChina,theyheardabouthighwagesandgold.In1850alone,25,000youngChinesearrivedinCalifornia.TheChineseworkedinthegoldmines.Theyhelpedbuildthefirstrailroadtocrossthenation,whichwasfinishedin1869.Later,theyworkedinlumbering,fishing,andcanningcompanies,andonfarmsinCalifornia.

ThesecondgreatwaveofimmigrantscamemostlyfromeasternandsouthernEuropebetween1890and1910.GiantfactoriesandbusinessesintheUnitedStatesneededmoreandmoreworkers.After1900,asmanyas15,000peoplewouldarriveinoneday.

ManyoftheseimmigrantswereJewsfromdifferentpartsofEuropeseekingreligiousfreedom.SouthernItaliansalsocameinlargenumbers.TheyweredrivenawayfromItalybyaverydifficultlife.SomeSicilianworkersmadeonly8centsaday.Peoplehadtoliveinstrawhousesandsometimesintombsandcaves.

Greeks,Hungarians,Russians,andPolesalsocametotheUnitedStatesduringthistime.MexicanstravelednorthtocitiesandfarmsthroughouttheUnitedStatesSouthwest.JapanesepeoplearrivedontheWestCoast.Theretheytookjobsasfarmworkersandservants.Manyeventuallyboughttheirownland.

LifeintheUnitedStateswasverydifficultforalmostallthenewimmigrants.Andyet,manyfoundsomeoftheirdreamscomingtrue.

1.Animmigrantisapersonwho（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingreasonsisNOTtrue?

3.ChineseimmigrantscametotheUnitedStatesmainlybecauseof

（

）.

4.Whohelpedbuildthefirstrailroad,whichwasfinishedin1869,tocrossthe-nation?

5.LifeintheUnitedStateswasverydifficultfor（

）.

問題1選項

A.dreamsofahappierlifeandwantsabetterjob

B.leavesone’sowncountryandsettlesinanother

C.comesasasettlerintoanothercountry

D.doessomeoddjobsinsparetime

問題2選項

A.Somewereattractedbythepromiseofgreaterfreedomorabetterlife.

B.Someweredrivenawayfromhomebystarvationorpoverty.

C.Mostoftheimmigrantslefttheirhomesbecauseofpoliticalandreligioustrouble.

D.ManyoftheimmigrantswereJewswhocametoseekreligiousfreedom.

問題3選項

A.thefailureofpotatocrops

B.thestarvationathomeandtheattractionofthegoldminesofCalifornia

C.religiousfreedom

D.politicalfreedom

問題4選項

A.Chineseimmigrants.

B.Russianimmigrants.

C.Germanimmigrants.

D.Japaneseimmigrants.

問題5選項

A.Irishimmigrantsonly

B.Chineseimmigrantsonly

C.almostallthenewimmigrants

D.alltheimmigrants

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“移民是……”。文章第一段提到“這些將美國變成自己家的人來自其他國家”（ThesewerepeoplefromothercountrieswhocametomaketheUnitedStatestheirhome）。選項B“離開自己的國家，定居另外一個國家”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“下面原因中不真實(shí)的是……”。文章第二段提到“一些人因?yàn)轲囸I、貧困、人口過?；蛘魏妥诮虇栴}等困難而離家出走。一些人被美國對美好生活的承諾所吸引”（Someweredrivenawayfromhomebyhardshipssuchashunger,poverty,overpopulation,orpoliticalandreligioustroubles.SomewereattractedtotheUnitedStatesbythepromiseofabetterlife），由此可知選項A“有些是被自由和美好生活的承諾吸引”,B“有些人由于饑餓和貧窮”,C“大部分移民離開家是因?yàn)檎魏妥诮虇栴}”都是正確的，因此選項D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“中國移民來美國的主要原因是……”。文章第八段第一句話提到“1849年加利福尼亞的黃金熱將很多中國人帶到了那里。洪水、臺風(fēng)和饑餓也使得很多中國人離開自己的家鄉(xiāng)”（Thegoldrushof1849broughtmanyChinesetoCalifornia.Floods,typhoons,andhungerhadforcedmanyChinesetoleavetheirhomes），選項B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“幫助美國修建第一條跨州鐵路的是……”。文章第八段提到“他們幫助美國修建了第一條跨州鐵路，于1869年完工”（Theyhelpedbuildthefirstrailroadtocrossthenation,whichwasfinishedin1869），選項A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“哪類人在美國生活艱難”。文章最后一段提到“幾乎所有的新移民在美國生活都很困難”（LifeintheUnitedStateswasverydifficultforalmostallthenewimmigrants），選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

ThefootballclubreleasedplayerJayJohnEzikpebecausehedidnot（）them,butaddedthatatthemomenttheydidnotintendtosignonanyotherplayers.

問題1選項

A.impact

B.impress

C.illuminate

D.illustrate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。impact對…影響，撞擊；impress給…深刻印象；illuminate照亮；illustrate闡明，舉例說明。由前面的結(jié)果“足球俱樂部讓Jay退出”可猜測原因是Jay沒有給人留下深刻印象。句意：足球俱樂部讓Jay退出,因?yàn)樗麤]有給他們留下深刻印象，但他補(bǔ)充說目前他們不打算簽下任何其他球員。故B項符合題意。

6.單選題

Astudyshowsthatstudentslivinginnon-smokingdormsarelesslikelyto（

）thathabitofsmoking.

問題1選項

A.turnup

B.pickup

C.makeup

D.ringup

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析題。turnup“調(diào)大，出現(xiàn)”；pickup“拿起，拾起，撿起，學(xué)會”；makeup“組成，補(bǔ)足，化妝，編造”；ringup“打電話”；根據(jù)句意‘研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，住在無煙宿舍的學(xué)生不大可能（

）抽煙的習(xí)慣。’確定B選項正確。

7.單選題

IworkasanofficeassistantinasmallbutgrowinggardenequipmentmanufacturingcompanyinCalifornia.Afewmonthsago,mybossgavemethejobofwritingsomesalesletterswhichwouldbesenttotheexistingcustomersofourcompany.Theobjectivewastogetsomeofourexistingcustomerstopurchaseanewproductthatourcompanyhadjustlaunched.

Now,Ihadneverwrittensaleslettersbeforeinmylifeandhadnoideaofhowtowriteeventhefirstword.AndevenifIendedupwritingafewlines,becauseIwassoinexperienced,chanceswerethatthesaleslettersandbusinessletters,wouldbombcompletelyandwouldhardlygenerateanysalesforourcompany.So,inordertolearnhowtocreatemoreeffectivesalesletterIwenttotheInternetandlookedupafewsiteswhichweresellingsamples,templatesandexamplesofsaleslettersthatclaimedwould“increasesalesby10000%”.Becausetheyweren’ttooexpensive,Ibought2suchpackages.

Bigmistake.Ifoundthatthesamplesandtemplatesofthesaleslettersandbusinesslettersincludedinthemlookedsocheapthattherewasnoway.Iwasgoingtosendthemtoourcustomers.EvenIwouldhavedoneabetterjobofwritingsalesletters!SoIsearchedsomemore,andcameacrossasitebelongingtoapersonlivinginMarylandcalledYanikSilver.Hetoowassellingsometemplatesandsamplesofsaleslettersandbusinessletters.Afterhavingbeendupedwith2suchpackages,Iwasnaturallysuspicious.Ireadthroughhissiteandfoundthathewasofferingamoneybackguarantee.Whilethatmademefeelabitmorecomfortable,IfirsthadtodeterminewhetherthispersonwouldbearoundtohonortheguaranteeshouldIwanttoreturnthepackage.SoIsentanemailtohim(justtotestwhetherherepliestocustomers，emails)andIgotareplyfromhimwithin4hours.Ialsosawacommentinhissitebyoneofhiscustomerswhohadactuallygotarefundfromhimassoonashehadaskedfortherefund.

Feelingmorecomfortable,Idecidedtogoaheadandbuythepackagethathewasselling.Well,Iwasblownaway!Thesamples,examplesandtemplatesofthesaleslettersandbusinesslettersincludedinhispackagewerepreciselytheonesthatIwaslookingfor.Andtheywerefar,farbetterthananyofthetemplatesincludedinthe2otherpackagesIhadbought.Iquicklycustomizedoneofthesaleslettertemplatestofitmyneeds,haditapprovedbymyboss,andsentthemovertoourcustomers.Within2weeksfromthetimethatIsentouttheletter,about36%ofthecustomerswhoreceivedtheletterendedupbuyingournewproduct.YoucouldsaythatmybosswasimpressedwithwhatIhaddone!

Sincethen,Ihavewrittenquiteafewsaleslettersforourcompany(simplybycustomizingthetemplatesincludedinYank’spackage)andallofthemhavegeneratedexcellentsalesforus.So,ifyouwanttolearnhowtowritesaleslettersthatgetthesale,IhighlyrecommendYanik’spackage.

1.Thepurposeoftheletterstheauthorwasaskedtowritewasto（

）.

2.Thesamplelettersandtemplatesweresobadthat（

）

3.YanikSilverpromisesthat（

）

4.To“customize”(thefourthparagraph)somethingmeansto“（

）

5.Thispassageismostprobablyusedfor（

）.

問題1選項

A.conveyinformationabouthiscompanytonewcustomers

B.promoteanewproducttoregularcustomers

C.increasethesalesofanewproductamongregularcustomers

D.explainthestrengthsofanewproducttoexistingcustomers

問題2選項

A.customerscomplainedabouttheircontentandformats

B.theauthorfeltthathecouldhavewrittenbetterones

C.customersendedupbyrefusingtogiveanyreply

D.theyannoyedthecustomersandtheboss,too

問題3選項

A.hewillreplywithin4hourswhenhereceivesanemailfromacustomer

B.acustomerwillberefundedifhissamplesandtemplatesdonotwork

C.hewillgoovertocustomerstoseewhatletterssuittheirsituationbetter

D.hewillpaythepostageifthesamplesandtemplatesarereturnedinaparcel

問題4選項

A.orderitandhaveitdeliveredover

B.changeitandmakeitattractive

C.modifyittosuitone’spurpose

D.purchaseitonregularbasis

問題5選項

A.promotion

B.instruction

C.guidance

D.introduction

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段最后一句話Theobjectivewastogetsomeofourexistingcustomers

topurchaseanewproductthatourcompanyhadjustlaunched，從這句話可知作者被要求寫銷售函件的目的是為了向他們現(xiàn)有的顧客推銷他們公司的新產(chǎn)品，所以選項B符合題意。

2.文章第三段提到Ifoundthatthesamplesandtemplatesofthesaleslettersandbusinesslettersincludedinthemlookedsocheapthattherewasnoway.Iwasgoingtosendthemtoourcustomers.EvenIwouldhavedoneabetterjobofwritingsalesletters!作者在網(wǎng)上買的兩頁銷售信件模板實(shí)在太差，他自己都可以寫得比這個好。選項B符合題意。

3.文章第三段提到Y(jié)anikSilver將會offeringamoneybackguarantee（不滿意退費(fèi)），選項B符合題意。

4.文章第四段提到作者對YanikSilver提供的模板很滿意。Iquicklycustomized

oneofthesaleslettertemplatestofitmyneeds“我很快便找到了適合我需要的模板”，之后得到了老板的認(rèn)可。由此可知，作者在原來的模板上進(jìn)行了修改。選項C符合題意。

5.文章是作者親身經(jīng)歷，他向讀者介紹了網(wǎng)上一個不錯的銷售信件模板。他是偶然在網(wǎng)上發(fā)現(xiàn)YanikSilver這個網(wǎng)址，所以不能說是promotion(推銷)，單純地介紹了這個網(wǎng)址，所以選項D符合題意。instruction“指示，命令”；guidance“指導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)”。

8.單選題

Theguestswereinajubilantmoodastheweddingbegan.

問題1選項

A.exultant

B.conciliatory

C.reverent

D.receptive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ajubilant意為“喜慶洋洋的，歡欣鼓舞的”；exultant意為“狂喜的；興高采烈的”；conciliatory意為“調(diào)解的，安撫的”；reverent意為“恭敬的，虔敬的”；receptive意為“樂于接受的”。

句意：婚禮開始時，客人們都喜氣洋洋。

9.翻譯題

FormanyChinesepeople,thebeginningof2011holdsthepromiseofafreshroundofeducationreforms,whichareexpectedtoboostthecountry’seducationqualitythroughincreasinggovernmentinvestment,narrowinggapsbetweenurbanandruralschools,achievinginternationallyacknowledgedhighereducationandreducingacademiccorruptionandbureaucracy.

Accordingtothelandmarkreformplan,governmentinvestmentwillincreasesteadilytosupporttheeducationsector,witheducationexpenditureamountingto4%ofGDPby2012.

Chinafirstpledgedtoincreaseitseducationspendingto4percentoftheGDPin1993,buthas,sofar,failedtoachievethetarget.Theplan,whichtookoneyearandninemonthstodrawupandinvitedpublicsubmissionontwoseparateoccasions,wasseenassettingthetoneforthedevelopmentofeducationsector,whichhaslongsufferedfromfundingshortageandunbalanceddevelopmentbetweenruralandurbanareas.

Thedevelopmentofeducation,rangingfrompreschooleducationtovocationaleducationinruralareas,willbeapriorityofthecountry’soveralldevelopmentprograms.

The22-chapterplansayspreschooleducationshouldbasicallybeuniversalby2020,andnine-yearcompulsoryeducationpolicyshouldbeconsolidated.Theenrolmentrateforseniormiddleschoolshouldbe90percentofschoolagechildren,whiletheenrolmentrateforhighereducationshouldbe40percentofhighschoolgraduates.

ThekeyforChinatobuildworld-leveluniversitiesliesinauthorizingtheeducators,studentsandsocietytoassessthequalityofeducation,allowingprofessorstoconductacademicresearchwithfullfreedomandempoweringstudentstoparticipateinuniversityadministration.

【答案】【參考譯文】對許多中國人而言，2011年初有望進(jìn)行新一輪教育改革，通過增加政府投資、縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距、取得國際承認(rèn)的高等教育、減少學(xué)術(shù)腐敗和官僚主義，來實(shí)現(xiàn)中國的教育質(zhì)量的提高。

根據(jù)這個具有里程碑意義的改革計劃，政府支持教育部門的投資將會穩(wěn)步增加，到2012年，教育經(jīng)費(fèi)將總計達(dá)到國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的百分之四。

中國在1993年首次承諾將教育經(jīng)費(fèi)增加至國內(nèi)成產(chǎn)總值的百分之四，但到目前為止還沒有達(dá)到該目標(biāo)。這個耗費(fèi)了一年又九個月時間來起草并在兩個單獨(dú)場合邀請公眾提供意見的計劃，被視為為長期遭受資金短缺的城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡的教育部門的發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

農(nóng)村地區(qū)從學(xué)前教育到職業(yè)教育的教育發(fā)展將是我國整體發(fā)展規(guī)劃中的一個重點(diǎn)。

這個有二十二個章節(jié)的計劃稱，學(xué)前教育到2020年時應(yīng)該基本普及且九年義務(wù)教育政策應(yīng)該被鞏固。高中的升學(xué)率應(yīng)該是兒童的90%，而高等教育的升學(xué)率應(yīng)該是高中畢業(yè)生的40%。

中國建設(shè)世界級大學(xué)的關(guān)鍵在于授權(quán)教育工作者、學(xué)生和社會去評估教學(xué)質(zhì)量，允許教授自由進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)研究，允許學(xué)生參加大學(xué)的管理。

10.翻譯題

1.ManyAmericansharboragrosslydistortedandexaggeratedviewofmostoftheriskssurroundingfood.

2.Researcherswhoareunfamiliarwiththeculturalandethnicgroupstheyarestudyingmusttakeextraprecautionstoshedanybiasestheybringwiththemfromtheirownculture.

3.TheMBA,a20th-centuryproduct,alwayshasbornethemarkoflowlycommerceandgreedonthetree-linedcampusesruledbypurerdisciplinessuchasphilosophyandliterature.

4.OurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegesturesweuseareunderstoodbyeveryone.

5.Ourlinguistic(語言上的)andculturalblindnessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenoticeofthedevelopedtastes,gestures,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld.

【答案】1.很多美國人持有嚴(yán)重扭曲且夸張的觀點(diǎn)，即大多數(shù)食物都存在安全問題。

2.研究者如果不熟悉所研究的文化和族群，那就要特別注意，不要附加來自其自身文化的任何偏見。

3.MBA誕生于20世紀(jì)，在綠樹成蔭的大學(xué)校園里，純學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)科如哲學(xué)和文學(xué)占主導(dǎo)地位，而MBA往往標(biāo)志著低俗的商業(yè)銅臭和貪婪。

4.我們的文化讓大多數(shù)美國人不僅認(rèn)為我們的語言通用，而且我們所使用的手勢也人人可以理解。

5.我們對語言和文化所知甚少，也不在意其他國家已經(jīng)形成的愛好、肢體語言、風(fēng)俗和語言，這正使我們失去全球性的朋友，錯過商機(jī)，喪失威信。

11.單選題

Thebittercomponentsinthevegetableswillbereleasedincookingandeventuallythisbitternesswilldissipate.

問題1選項

A.discourage

B.distress

C.uncover

D.dissolve

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.discourage阻止；使氣餒B.distress使悲痛；使貧困

C.uncover發(fā)現(xiàn)；揭開D.dissolve溶解；消失

【考查點(diǎn)】動詞辨析

【解題思路】根據(jù)前文苦味成分（Thebittercomponents）會在烹飪過程中釋放出來（bereleased）推測，苦味被釋放后，就慢慢沒有了，D選項dissolve“溶解；消失”符合句意。原詞dissipate“消散”。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項不符合原句語境。

【句意】蔬菜中的苦味成分會在烹飪過程中釋放出來，最終這種苦味會消散。

12.單選題

Moreoftenthannot,readersarejustunderthe（）plotsofsciencefictionsanddetectivestories.

問題1選項

A.implicit

B.intricate

C.obedient

D.instinctual

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項implicit“含蓄的，暗示的”；B選項intricate“錯綜復(fù)雜的”；C選項obedient“順從的，服從的”；D選項instinctual“本能的”。句意：通常情況下，讀者只是置身在科幻小說和偵探小說（錯綜復(fù)雜）的情節(jié)之下。此處填入空格的形容詞是用來修飾plots（情節(jié)）。結(jié)合句意“錯綜復(fù)雜的”修飾情節(jié)意思正確。因此B選項符合句意。

13.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

有些人把讀書當(dāng)作疲勞工作中的一種休息，并不是讀一本書就預(yù)先想定讀它要派何種用場，即“不為什么而讀”。但日積月累，確實(shí)可以長知識、廣見聞、有效益。

經(jīng)過長期積累目前中國己成為全球第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體和全球第一貿(mào)易大囯、全球第一外匯儲備國，具備了對外輸出資本的實(shí)力。

【答案】Somepeopleregardreadingasakindofrestduringtiringwork，andtheyhavenoideaofpracticaluseforthebookstheyaretoread,i.e.they“readfornopurpose”atall.Butgraduallyonecanbenefitfromreading,expandingtheirknowledge.

Chinahasbecomethesecondlargesteconomy,thefirsttradingpoweraswellasthe

firstforeignexchangereservesintheworldandhadthestrengthofoutputtingcapitalexternalafteralongterm’saccumulation.

14.單選題

（

）onaclearday,farfromthecitycrowds,themountainsgivehimasenseofinfinite.

問題1選項

A.Ifwalking

B.Walking

C.Whilewalking

D.Whenoneiswalking

【答案】D

【解析】考查語法。此句中的主句的主語為mountains，所以邏輯主語和主句主語應(yīng)不同。故排除A、B、C三項。D項正確。句意：當(dāng)一個人在晴朗的天氣散步時，遠(yuǎn)離城市喧囂，山脈會給他一種無限感。

15.單選題

Ournewfirm（）foracredible,aggressiveindividualwithgreatskillstofillthisposition.

問題1選項

A.havelooked

B.arelooking

C.islooking

D.look

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我們的新公司正在尋找一個可靠的、有進(jìn)取心的、有很強(qiáng)技能的人來填補(bǔ)這個職位。填空處應(yīng)填入單數(shù)謂語動詞，選項C符合語境。

16.單選題

Thecoast（）slowlyasourshipsailedouttosea.

問題1選項

A.receded

B.conceded

C.proceeded

D.exceeded

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項recede“后退；減弱”；B選項concede“承認(rèn)；退讓；給予”；C選項proceed“開始；繼續(xù)進(jìn)行；發(fā)生；行進(jìn)”；D選項exceed“超過；勝過”。句意：這個海岸隨著我們的船駛向大海而慢慢地后退。結(jié)合此處語義，A選項正確。

17.單選題

Thereisaconfusednotioninthemindsofmanypersons,thataregatheringofthepropertyofthepoorintothehandsoftherichdoesnoultimateharm,sinceinwhoseverhandsitmaybe,itmustbespentatlast,andthus,theythink,returntothepooragain.Thisfallacyhasbeenagainandagainexposed;butgrantingthepleatrue,thesameapologymay,ofcourse,bemadeforblackmail,oranyotherformofrobbery.Itmightforthenationthattherobbershouldhavethespendingofthemoneyheextorts,asthatthepersonrobbedshouldhavespentit.Butthisisnoexcuseforthetheft.IfIweretoputaturnpikeontheroadwhereitpassesmyowngate,andendeavortoexactashillingfromeverypassengerthepublicwouldsoondoawaywithmygate,withoutlisteningtoanypleasonmypartthatitwasasadvantageoustothem,intheend,thatIshouldspendtheirshillings,asthattheythemselvesshould.Butif,insteadofoutfacingthemwithaturnpike,Icanonlypersuadethemtocomeinandbuystones,oroldiron,oranyotheruselessthing,outofmyground,Imayrobthemtothesameextentand,moreover,bethankedasapublicbenefactorandpromoterofcommercialprosperity.AndthismainquestionforthepoorofEngland-forthepoorofallcountries-iswhollyomittedineverytreatiseonthesubjectofwealth.Evenbythelaborersthemselves,theoperationofcapitalisregardedonlyinitseffectontheirimmediateinterests,neverinthefarmoreterrificpowerofitsappointmentofthekindandtheobjectoflabor.Itmatterslittle,ultimately,howmuchalaborerispaidformakinganything;butismattersfearfullywhatthethingiswhichheiscompelledtomake.Ifhislaborissoorderedastoproducefood,freshair,andfreshwater,nomatterthathiswagesarelow,thefoodandthefreshairandwaterwillbeatlastthere,andhewillatlastgetthem.Butifheispaidtodestroyfoodandfreshair,ortoproduceironbarsinsteadofthem,thefoodandairwillfinallynotbethere,andhewillnotgetthem,tohisgreatandfinalinconvenience.Sothat,conclusively,inpoliticalasinhouseholdeconomy,thegreatquestionis,notsomuchwhatmoneyyouhaveinyourpocket,aswhatyouwillbuywithitanddowithit.

1.Wemayinferthattheauthorprobablylivedinthe（）.

2.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorprobablyfavors（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredthatinregardtotheaccumulationofwealththeauthor（）.

4.Accordingtotheviewsexpressedinthepassage,peopleshouldbehappiestdoingwhichofthefollowing?

5.Theauthoroftheabovepassagewouldprobablyreacttoanenergyshortageby（）.

問題1選項

A.1960’sintheUnitedStates

B.GoldenAgeofGreece

C.earlydaysofBritishindustrialization

D.EnglandofKingArthur

問題2選項

A.capitalism

B.totalitarianism

C.socialism

D.anarchism

問題3選項

A.equatestherichwiththethief

B.saysthattherobberisabenefactor

C.condonessomedishonestyinbusinessdealings

D.indicatesthattherearefewhonestbusinessmen

問題4選項

A.miningoreforthemanufactureofweapons.

B.cleaningsewagepondsatatreatmentplant.

C.waitingtablesforarichman.

D.helpingapoormandohisjob.

問題5選項

A.blamingtherichfortheproblem

B.supportingthesearchformoreoil

C.fomentingrevolutionbythedoor

D.urgingthatenergybeusedmoreefficientlyandeffectively

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推斷題。根據(jù)文章“AndthismainquestionforthepoorofEngland-forthepoorofallcountries-iswhollyomittedineverytreatiseonthesubjectofw