考研考博-英語-和田師范?？茖W校考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-和田師范?？茖W校考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

IfyoujudgetheprogressofhumanitybyHomerSimpson,ParisHilton,andGirlsGoneWildvideos,youmightconcludethatourevolutionhasstalledorevenshiftedintoreverse.Notso,scientistssay.Humansareevolvingfasterthaneverbefore,pickingupnewgenetictraitsandtalentsthatmayhelpussurviveaturbulentfuture.

Muchremodelinghasgoneonsciencethedawnofagricultureabout10millenniumsago.”Peoplewholived10000yearsagoweremuchmorelikeNeanderthalsthanwearelikethosepeople:saysJohnHawks,aprofessorofanthropologyattheUniversityofWisconsin."We’vechanged".

Hawksisamongagrowingnumberofscientistswhoareusingwhole-genomesequencing(全基因組測試)andothermodemtechnologiestozeroinonjusthowwe’vechanged.Theirresearchishelpingilluminatenotonlyhowhumansbecamewhatwearebutalsowherewemightbeheaded.Forinstance,somescientistsspeculatethatchangesinhumanmatingpatternsmaybecontributingtotheincreaseinautism.Otherstrackhowhumanshavemorphedinresponsetochangingcircumstance,includingenhancedabilitiestometabolizesugarandfightdisease.SomepeoplearegeneticallymoreresistanttotheHIVvirus,forinstance,andthattraitshouldbecomemorecommoninthefuture,asthosepeoplearemorelikelytosurviveandhavechildrenwhoareresistant.Yetforsomepeople,themakeoverisn’tbigenoughorfastenough.SomeparentshavestartedusingDNAtestingtochoosethegeneticmakeupoftheirchildren,rejectingembryoswithinheritedflawsorembracingthosewithdesiredtraits-suchasbeingtherightsex.

Untilrecently,anthropologistthoughtthathumanevolutionhadsloweddown,butlastDecember,Hawksreportedthatithadactuallyaccelerated100-foldinthepast5000to10000years.HefiguredthatoutbycomparingchunksofDNAamong269peoplefromaroundtheworld.Overtime,DNAaccumulatesrandommutations,justasthefrontofawhiteT-shirttendstoaccumulatespots.ThebiggerthechunksofDNAwithoutrandomspots,themostrecentlyithadbeenmimed.Usingthissystem,Hawksconcludedthatrecentgeneticchangesaccountforabout7percentofhumangenome.Muchoftheincrease,hesays,hasfueledbythegrowthoftheworld’spopulation,whichhasexpandedbyafactorof1000overthepast10000years.Havingmorepeopleincreasestheoddsofmutations.

Atthesametime,thehumangenomehasbeenscramblingtoadopttoarapidlychangingworld-11000yearsago,nobodyframed,nobodymilkeddomesticatedanimals,andnobodylivedinacity.Peoplewithamutationthataidedsurvivalweremorelikelytothrive,reproduce,andpassthatmutationalongtooffspringForexample,thecapacitytodigestlactose,thesugarinmilk,hasbecomecommononlyoverthepast3000years.Now,about95percentofthepeopleinnorthernGermanyhavethemutation,whichalsopoppedupindependentlyamongtheMasaiinAfricanandtheLappsinFinlandHawkssays:"thisisreallyrapidevolution."

Humanswillcontinuetochangetocopewithnewdiseases,ifhistoryisanyguideGenesthatdefendagainstinfectionsdiseasehavebeenamongthemostrapidlyevolvingpartsofthehumangenome.PeoplewhoseancestorslivedinEuropeancitiesaremorelikelytohavesomeresistancetosmallpox,whilepeopleinsub-SaharanAfricaaremorelikelytogeneticallyresistancetomalaria.Justweeksago,researchreportedthatonegeneticvariantthatonegeneticvariantthatprotectsagainstmalariaalsomakespeoplemoresusceptibletoAIDS,adiscoverythatcouldleadtotailoredtreatmentifforAIDSinAfrica.

Rightnow,ourgenesareplayingcatch-upagainstmodemscourges-likediabetes,NativeAmericansandPolynesians,whoseculturesonlyrecentlyadoptedaEuropean-styledietofdiabetes.Thetheoryisthatthe'thriftygenes"thathelpedthosegroupssurvivefamineshaven’thadtimetoadapttotheglucosespikescausedbyeatingstarchyfood."Howwemovesugarsaroundhowbumthemhavereallychangedalot,"saysGregoryWary,anevolutionarybiologistatDukeUniversity.

It’sevenpossiblethatveryrecentchangesinsocietyandtheworkplacecouldunderpintherecentriseincasesofautism.SimonBaron-Cohen,directoroftheAutismResearchCentreattheUniversityofCambridge,wasstruckbyhowmanyoftheparentsofchildrenwithautismwhohetestedwerereallygood‘‘systematizers”peoplewhounderstandtheworldaccordingtorulesorlaws.TheyalsoweremorelikelytohaveafatherwhoworkedinengineeringHewondersiftheincreaseinautismdiagnosescouldbepartlydueto‘a(chǎn)ssortativemating’thatis,peoplepickingmateslikethemselves.

Peoplewithautism(自閉癥)spectrumdisorderareoftendetailorientedandanalytical,andtodaytheymighthaveaneasiertimefindingaspousewithsimilarabilitiesthantheywouldhaveinpasteras.Baron-Cohennotesthatinthelate1950s,onlytwopercentoftheundergraduatesatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologywerewomen;now,50percentare.So,he’ssettingupastudytotestwhetherassortativematingamongpeoplewithageneticpredispositionforautismcouldbefuelingthebirthofmorechildrenwithautism.

Thehumanbrain,whichhasevolvedintocognitionuniqueintheworld,islikelytochangeevenmoreinthefuture.Ournicheinnature,saysStephenPinker,anexperimentalpsychologistatHarvardUniversitywhostudiestheevolutionoflanguageandthemindisthe’’cognitiveniche".Inresearchpublishedlastyear,Waryidentifiedgenesthatcontrolglucosemetabolisminthebrainasamongthosemostrecentlyevolved.Thosechangesmayhavebeenessentialtofuelingthehumanbrain’sgrowthtoasizetwicethatofournearestcousinthechimpanzee."Ifyoumakeabigbrain,it’sanenergyhog:Warysays.’’It'slikeputtingV-8energyinatinylittlecar/'Itcouldalsohelpexplainwhychimpanzeesdon'tgetdiabetes,whitehumansdo.

【答案】霍克斯是越來越多使用全基因組測序和其他現(xiàn)代技術(shù)來關(guān)注人類變化的科學家之一。

例如，有些人在基因上對艾滋病毒有更強的抵抗力，這種特性在未來應該會變得更加普遍，因為這些人更有可能存活下來，并生下具有抗艾滋病毒能力的孩子。

一些父母已經(jīng)開始使用DNA測試來選擇他們孩子的基因組成，拒絕那些有遺傳缺陷的胚胎，或者接受那些有理想特征的胚胎例如恰當?shù)男詣e的胚胎。

其祖先生活在歐洲城市的人更有可能對天花有抵抗能力，而生活在撒哈拉以南非洲地區(qū)的人更有可能生來就有抗瘧疾能力。

自閉癥譜系障礙患者往往注重細節(jié)，善于分析。如今，他們可能比過去的時代更容易找到具有類似能力的配偶。

2.單選題

Itgavemeastrangefeelingofexcitementtoseemynamein（

）.

問題1選項

A.news

B.print

C.publication

D.press

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。news意為“新聞，消息”；print意為“印刷業(yè)，印記”；publication意為“出版”；press意為“新聞，出版社”。inprint意為“印出來”。

句意：當看到我的名字出現(xiàn)在出版物上時，我有一種奇怪的興奮感。

3.單選題

ItisshockingtoreadJohnson’swordsfromthe1960s.Hespoke____about“whiteguilt”and“equality(of)result”.

問題1選項

A.bluntly

B.crossly

C.discreetly

D.tenderly

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.bluntly直言地B.crossly憤怒地

C.discreetly謹慎地D.tenderly溫柔地

【答案】A

【考查點】語義銜接

【解題思路】根據(jù)前文“令人震驚的（shocking）”和后文“白人的罪惡感（whiteguilt）”和“結(jié)果的平等（equality(of)result）”推斷，A選項bluntly“直言地”最符合原文語義銜接。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項不符合原句前后語義銜接。

【句意】讀到約翰遜上世紀60年代的文字，令人震驚。他直言不諱地談到了“白人的罪惡感”和“結(jié)果的平等”。

4.單選題

I’msureyourresearchhas______thisdisease.

問題1選項

A.contributedtounderstandingof

B.contributedtounderstandof

C.beencontributedtounderstandof

D.beencontributedtounderstandingof

【答案】A

【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：我相信你的研究有助于了解這種疾病。I’msure(that)+賓語從句，根據(jù)contribute的動作發(fā)生在過去、對現(xiàn)在有影響，確定用現(xiàn)在完成時；根據(jù)contribute的動作是主動發(fā)生，確定用主動語態(tài)；根據(jù)of所屬結(jié)構(gòu)確定用名詞性的understanding，A選項contributedtounderstandingof符合題意。B選項understand是動詞詞性，C選項和D選項中hasbeendone是被動語態(tài)。因此A選項正確。

5.單選題

Maryfounditdifficultto____Jim’sfatherwhenhedisapprovedoftheirmarriage.

問題1選項

A.standfor

B.standout

C.standby

D.standupto

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析與上下文語義。A選項standfor“代表”；B選項standout“顯眼；突出”；C選項standby“繼續(xù)支持（某人），尤指處于困境者”；D選項standupto“經(jīng)受住；反抗（某人）”。句意：Mary發(fā)現(xiàn)很難____Jim的父親，當他不贊成他們的婚姻時。A、B選項不符合句意，排除；Jim的父親不是處于困境者，而是相對來說更強大的人，D選項更符合句意，表達的是“Mary發(fā)現(xiàn)當Jim的父親不贊成他們的婚姻時，反抗他很難”。因此，本題最佳選項為D。

6.單選題

Thespeaker______uswithtalesofexoticlandsandburiedtreasure.

問題1選項

A.detour

B.offset

C.tantalized

D.ushered

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.detour繞行，繞道B.offset抵消，彌補；襯托出

C.tantalized逗弄；令人干著急D.ushered引導；招待；迎接

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)withtalesofexoticlandsandburiedtreasure（講述異國風情和埋藏寶藏的故事）可知，這個演講者是通過講故事來逗樂我們，C項詞義符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D項不符合句意。

【句意】演講者講了許多關(guān)于異國他鄉(xiāng)和埋藏寶藏的故事，把我們逗樂了。

7.單選題

Hequickly（

）alargefortune.

問題1選項

A.accumulated

B.compiled

C.accompanied

D.accommodated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他很快積累了一大筆財富。

考查動詞辨析。四個選項均為對應動詞的過去式。Accumulate積累,増加,聚集;compile編寫(書、列表、報告等),編纂,編譯;accompany陪伴,伴隨…發(fā)生;accommodate提供住宿,使…適應。因此A符合句意。

8.單選題

Whiletyping,Helenhasahabitofstopping（

）togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問題1選項

A.occasionally

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.promptly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項occasionally“偶爾地，偶然”；B選項simultaneously“同時地”；C選項eventually“最后，終于”；D選項promptly“迅速地，立即”。根據(jù)togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth（來捋一下她又長又飄逸的頭發(fā)）及句意可知A選項符合邏輯，表示捋頭發(fā)這個動作偶爾做。句意：在打字時，海倫有一個習慣，偶爾停下來捋一下她又長又飄逸的頭發(fā)。

9.單選題

Bacteriaareextremelysmalllivingthings.Whilewemeasureourownsizesininchesorcentimeters,bacterialsizeismeasuredinmicrons.Onemicronisathousandthofamillimeter:apinheadisaboutamillimeteracross.Rod-shapedbacteriaareusuallyfromtwotofourmicronslong,whileroundedonesaregenerallyonemicronindiameter.Thus,ifyouenlargedaroundedbacteriumathousandtimes,itwouldbejustaboutthesizeofapinhead.Anadulthumanmagnifiedbythesameamountwouldbeoveramile(1.6kilometers)tall.

Evenwithanordinalmicroscopy,youmustlookcloselytoseebacteria.Usingamagnificationof100times,onefindsthatbacteriaarebarelyvisibleastinyrodsordots.Onecannotmakeoutanythingoftheirstructure.Usingspecialstains,onecanseethatsomebacteriahaveattachedtothemwavy-looking"hairs"calledflagella.Othershaveonlyoneflagellum.Theflagellarotate,pushingthebacteriathroughthewater.Manybacterialackflagellaandcannotmoveaboutbytheirownpower,whileotherscanglidealongoversurfacesbysomelittle-understoodmechanism

Fromthebacterialpointofview,theworldisaverydifferentplacefromwhatitistohumans.Toabacterium,waterisasthickasmolassesistous.Bacteriaaresosmallthattheyareinfluencedbythemovementsofthechemicalmoleculesaroundthem

Bacteriaunderthemicroscope,eventhosewithnoflagella,oftenbounceaboutinthewater.Thisisbecausetheycollidewiththewatermoleculesandarepushedthiswayandthat.Moleculesmovesorapidlythatwithinatenthofasecondthemoleculesaroundabacteriumhaveallbeenreplacedbynewones;evenbacteriawithoutflagellaarethusconstantlyexposedtoachangingenvironment.

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?

2.Bacteriaaremeasuredin（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisthesmallest?

4.Accordingtothepassage,someonewhoexaminesbacteriausingonlyamicroscopethatmagnifies100timeswouldsee

（

）.

5.Therelationshipbetweenabacteriumanditsflagellaismostnearlyanalogoustowhichofthefollowing?

問題1選項

A.Thecharacteristicsofbacteria

B.Howbacteriareproduce

C.Thevariousfunctionsofbacteria

D.Howbacteriacontributetodisease

問題2選項

A.Inches

B.Centimeters

C.Microns

D.millimeters

問題3選項

A.Apinhead

B.Aroundedbacterium

C.Amicroscope

D.Arod-shapedbacterium

問題4選項

A.tinydots

B.small’’hairs”

C.largerods

D.detailedstructures

問題5選項

A.Ariderjumpingonahorse'sback

B.Aballbeinghitbyabat

C.Aboatpoweredbyamotor

D.Adoorclosedbyagustofwind.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.文章主要介紹了細菌“小”的這個特點（Bacteriaareextremelysmalllivingthings）。選項A符合題意。

2.文章第一段第二句Whilewemeasureourownsizesininchesorcentimeters,bacterialsizeismeasuredinmicrons提到細菌是用microns“微米”來測量的。選項C符合題意。

3.文章第一段提到一個針頭大約1000微米，桿狀細菌（rod-shapedbacterium）大概是2-4微米，球狀細菌（roundedbacterium）直徑是一微米。選項B符合題意。

4.文章第二段第一句Evenwithanordinalmicroscopy,youmustlookcloselytoseebacteria.Usingamagnificationof100times,onefindsthatbacteriaarebarelyvisibleastinyrodsordots提到一顆細菌在顯微鏡下幾乎都是極細的現(xiàn)狀或者微小的點。選項A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段作者對鞭毛和細菌的關(guān)系進行了描述：一顆顆細菌附著在鞭毛上，只有鞭毛旋轉(zhuǎn)了，細菌才能跟著在水中運動。這樣的關(guān)系跟馬與騎手的關(guān)系很像。選項A符合題意。

10.單選題

Excellentfilmsarethosewhich（）_nationalandculturalbarriers.

問題1選項

A.transcend

B.traverse

C.abolish

D.suppress

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。transcend“勝過，超越”；traverse“穿過，來回移動，反駁”；abolish“廢除，廢止”；suppress“抑制，鎮(zhèn)壓”。句意：優(yōu)秀的電影是那些超越國家和文化障礙的電影。選項A符合題意。

11.單選題

Bothpartiespromisedto（

）thecontracttobesignedthefollowingday.

問題1選項

A.keepwith

B.tanglewith

C.adhereto

D.devoteto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。keepwith意為“陪伴”；tanglewith意為“與……吵架，與……爭論”；adhereto意為“遵循，依附，堅持”；devoteto意為“專用于做……，專心于做……”。

句意：雙方都承諾遵守次日將要簽署的合約。

12.單選題

Chinatodayishometo1.3billionpeople——nearlyonequarteroftheworld’spopulation.ThegrowthofChina'spopulationislargelytheresultofmodernization,whichhasbroughtwithitmorefood,bettermedicalcare,lessdisease,andfewerepidemicsandfamines.ThedeathrateinChinahasdecreased,andmorechildrensurvive.ThehighersurvivalrateinChinameansthatmorepeopleareenteringchildbearingage.ThispopulationgrowthwasthreateningtodestroyChina’schancestobecomearichercountry:justprovidingfoodandbasicnecessitiesforeveryonewouldconsumeallofitseconomicgains.

Totametheexplosivepopulationgrowth,theChinesegovernmentlaunchedadrasticpolicyofallowingonechildperfamily.Toenforcethispolicy,thegovernmenthasavarietyofincentivesforthosewhocomplyandpunishmentforthosewhodonot.Forexample,coupleswhohaveonlyonechildgetamonthlypayuntilthechildisfourteen,specialconsiderationforscarcehousing,freemedicalcare,andextrapensionbenefits.Thepressuretoconformispowerful.Coupleswhoignorethestate’sdirectivesuffersocialdisgraceandeconomicpenalties.

Thefamily-planningpolicy,institutedinChinain1979,hasbeenremarkablyeffective(thoughconsiderablymoresoincitiesthaninthecountryside).Birthstowomanofchildbearingagehavefallendramaticallytoabout2.5childrenforeverywoman.

Chinamayeventuallysucceedinbalancingitspopulationgrowth,butindoingso,itiscreatinganewproblem.TheironyisthatbecauseoftheverysuccessofChina’spopulationpolicy,theChinesepopulationisagingrapidly.In1982,5%ofthepopulationwasoverage64.In2010,about9%willbeover64andin2050,25%willbe.Atthefamilylevel,childrenwithoutbrothersorsisterswilleachhavetocarefortwoagingparents.Atthenationallevel,thegreatnumbersofagingpeoplewilltaxthesociety’sresources.Chinastaresthisproblemarapidlyagingpopulationwithoutalargeenoughfollowinggenerationtosupportit——withmanyofthedevelopednationsoftheworld.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Chinaisinapopulationdilemmainthesensethat（）.

2.TopunishthosewhoviolatethefamilyplanningpolicytheChinesegovernmentdoeswhichofthe

following?

3.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingarethecausesforthepopulationexplosioninChina

except（）.

4.Theprimarypurposeofthispassageisto（）.

問題1選項

A.moreoldpeoplesurviveinthesociety

B.Chinesepopulationwillcontinuetoincreaserapidlyinthenearfuture

C.birth-ratedecreasesbutthepercentageofoldpeopleincreases

D.itisdifficulttocarryoutthefamilyplanningpolicy

問題2選項

A.Advisethemtoobservetherule

B.Reducetheirwages

C.Finethosecouples

D.Putthemintoprison

問題3選項

A.bettereducation

B.betterhealth

C.betterlife

D.decreaseddeathrate

問題4選項

A.explainwhythefamilyplanningpolicyisadoptedinChina

B.predictthepopulationprobleminChina

C.demonstratethecauseandeffectofthefamilyplanningpolicy

D.illustratetheresultoffamilyplanningpolicy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“中國在人口方面面臨的一個窘境是……”。文章第四段提到由于計劃生育的成功，中國人口正在迅速老齡化（Chinamayeventuallysucceedinbalancingitspopulationgrowth,butindoingso,itiscreatinganewproblem.TheironyisthatbecauseoftheverysuccessofChina’spopulationpolicy,theChinesepopulationisagingrapidly），因此選項C“出生率降低，但是人口老齡化加劇”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“為了懲罰那些違反計劃生育的人，政府是怎樣做的？”文章第二段最后一句話提到忽視國家政策的夫妻會受到經(jīng)濟處罰（Coupleswhoignorethestate'sdirectivesuffersocialdisgraceandeconomicpenalties），因此選項C符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“下列選項中都是中國人口爆炸的原因，除了哪一項？”文章第一段第二句話提到中國人口增長是因為現(xiàn)代化帶來了更多的食物，更好的醫(yī)療條件，疾病減少，流行病和饑荒減少（ThegrowthofChina’spopulationislargelytheresultofmodernization,whichhasbroughtwithitmorefood,bettermedicalcare,lessdisease,andfewerepidemicsandfamines），由此可知只有選項A“好的教育”沒有提及，符合題意。

4.主旨大意題。題目問的是“文章的主要目的是什么？”文章開篇講述了中國人口增長的原因，及其弊端，從而引出“計劃生育”，詳細說明了這一政策的實施方式以及取得的效果。后半部分講述了該政策帶來的問題。因此選項C“說明計劃生育的原因及其影響”符合題意。

13.單選題

Itispossiblethatnature,likesomemastermusician,（）onoccasion,departingfromtheexpectedorpredictable.

問題1選項

A.repeats

B.improvises

C.ornaments

D.harmonizes

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項repeat“重復”；B選項improvise“即興創(chuàng)作”；C選項ornament“裝飾，修飾”；D選項harmonize“協(xié)調(diào)，使和諧”。句意：有可能，大自然就像一些音樂大師，有時會即興發(fā)揮，偏離預期或預測。結(jié)合上下文可知，選項B符合語境。

14.單選題

AseniorUnitedNationsChildren’s（UNICEF）officialonMay29praisedChinaforitsremarkableachievementsinchildren'swelfare.

A.H.M.Farook,UNICEF’soperationsareaofficerforChinaandMongoliasaidthatChina“canbeverysatisfiedtotellthewholeworldwhatcanbedonewithlimitedresourcestohelpitschildrentogrowhealthilyandhappily.”

China’schildpopulationmakesupone-fifthoftheworld'stotal.“ThereasonbehindthetremendousachievementisChina’slongtraditionofcaringforchildrenbothathomeandinsociety,hesaid.”

“What’smoreisthatChinesepeoplehavealwaysgivenspecialattentiontochildrenwhoareinspecialneed.”TheUNofficialmadetheremarkswhenaddressingagroupof50childrenandstafffromtheBeijingChildren’sWelfareHomeattheShangri-laHotel.Beijing.

Thehotelinvitestheorphanstosharesnacks,sing,danceandplaygamesataparkinsidethehotelfora“SharetheSunshine”party,asapreludetocelebrationstomarktheChildren’sDay.

TheBeijingchildren’sWelfareHome,setupsoonafterNewChinawasfoundedin1949,hasatpresentmorethan400children.

Aleadingofficialofthewelfareinstitutionsaidthatthechildrenliveahappylifeandthattheagencyspends400-500yuanamonthforanaverageorphan.AnaverageChineseworkersearned440yuanamonthduringthefirstquarterthisyear.GoXiaojin,deputysecretary-generaloftheChinaYouthDevelopmentFoundation（CYDF）saidpeoplefromallwalksoflifehavecontributedtothewelfareoftheChinesechildren.ShesaidthatCYDFsetuptheProjectHopein1989,whichcallsonpeopleacrossthecountrytodonatemoneytohelppoorchildrentocontinuetheirschooling.

Bytheendoflastyear,shesaid,CYDFhadcollectednearly700millionyuanindonations,whichhashelpedtheestablishmentof2,074hopeprimaryschoolsandenabledmorethan1.25milliondropoutstoreturntoschoolclassrooms.Three“HopeStars”alsoattendedtheparty.Theyweremode1teenagerschosenamongstudentswhoareeconomicallysupportedbytheProjectHopetofurthertheirnine-yearcompulsorystudiesinthepoverty-strickenregions.TheywillbetorchbearersfortheChineseTeamfortheupcomingAtlantaOlympicGamesthisyear.

1.Childrencangrowhealthilyandhappilyaslongas（）.

2.EveryyeartheBejingChildren’sWelfareHomespends（）ontheorphans.

3.CYDFcollected700millionyuanwiththepurposeof（）.

4.Wecaninferfromthetextthat（）.

5.Itispossiblethatthispassagewaswrittenin（）.

問題1選項

A.parentstakegoodcareofthembothathomeandinsociety

B.thewholesocietycareforchildrenaswellastheirparents

C.Schoolsandteacherspaymuchattentiontothegrowthofchildren

D.Chinesepeoplealwaysgivespecialattentiontochildrenwhoareinspecialneed

問題2選項

A.1,920,000yuan2,160.000yuan

B.2,160.000yuan

C.over2,400.000yuan

D.2.200.000yuanorso

問題3選項

A.reducingdropouts

B.helpinghomelessorphans

C.supportingtheChineseTeamforthecomingAtlantaOlympicGames

D.establishing2,074Hopeprimaryschoolsalloverthecountry

問題4選項

A.everyChinesechildhasitsownspecialneed,soweshouldpayspecialattentiontoeach

B.allthechildreninthepoverty-strickenregionsofChinaaretoopoortogotoschool

C.eversinceliberation,theChineseCommunistPartyhasbeenconcernedaboutthegrowthoftheyoungergeneration

D.withthehelpofUNICEFofficials,therearenomoredropoutsinChina

問題5選項

A.1992

B.1996

C.1998

D.2000

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由題干定位到第一段“ThereasonbehindthetremendousachievementisChina’slongtraditionofcaringforchildrenbothathomeandinsociety,hesaid.他說，這一巨大成就背后的原因是在中國，家庭和社會都照顧兒童的悠久傳統(tǒng)。可知中國小孩可以健康快樂成長的原因是社會和家庭對兒童的共同關(guān)心。故B項正確。A項只強調(diào)了父母的作用；C項只強調(diào)了學校和老師的作用；D項“中國人總是關(guān)注那些有特殊需要的孩子”這句話只提到了有特殊需要的孩子(比如孤兒)，而題干問的是在什么樣的條件下，孩子們才能健康快樂成長，顯然題干是指所有的中國孩子。故D項不選。答案B。

2.推理計算題。由第六段TheBeijingchildren’sWelfareHome,setupsoonafterNewChinawasfoundedin1949,hasatpresentmorethan400children.以及第七段Aleadingofficialofthewelfareinstitutionsaidthatthechildrenliveahappylifeandthattheagencyspends400-500yuanamonthforanaverageorphan.可知用于400多名孤兒的福利院的開支為400x12x400=1920,000到400x12x500=2400,000之間，因為文中并未給出孤兒的確切數(shù)量和每個孤兒每月的確切開支，故福利院每年用于孤兒身上的開支是不確定的，只能是一個大概范圍內(nèi)的數(shù)字，范圍為1920000-2400000之間。故D項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由最后一段Bytheendoflastyear,shesaid,CYDFhadcollectednearly700millionyuanindonations,whichhashelpedtheestablishmentof2,074hopeprimaryschoolsandenabledmorethan1.25milliondropoutstoreturntoschoolclassrooms.她說，截至去年年底，中國青少年發(fā)展基金會已籌集7億元捐款，幫助建立了2074所希望小學，使125多萬失學兒童重返校園?？芍狣項正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第六段“TheBeijingchildren’sWelfareHome,setupsoonafterNewChinawasfoundedin1949,hasatpresentmorethan400children.北京兒童福利院成立于新中國成立（1949）后不久，目前有400多名兒童?？芍孕轮袊闪⒁詠?，北京福利院接收了400多名兒童，中國政府一直關(guān)心兒童的成長。故C項正確。A項“給每個孩子特特殊關(guān)注”是對原文“What’smoreisthatChinesepeoplehavealwaysgivenspecialattentiontochildrenwhoareinspecialneed.”的曲解。BD兩項表述有誤。

5.細節(jié)事實題。由最后一句TheywillbetorchbearersfortheChineseTeamfortheupcomingAtlantaOlympicGamesthisyear.他們將成為今年亞特蘭大奧運會中國隊的火炬手。可知這篇文章寫于亞特蘭大奧運會舉辦的那年，也就是1996年。故B項正確。

15.單選題

TheGreatPanicof2008mayhavedestroyedblindoptimism.Butifexcessiveoptimismwasthenear-fatalposein2008,blindpessimismhasemergedasthereflexivepost-bustcrouch.Andithasledtheeconomicestablishmenttomissyetanotherinflectionpoint.WhilewewerewringingourhandsaboutAmerica'sfinancialandindustrialcrisis,weignoredaparallelnarrativethatwasemerging:therepairingofbalancesheets,anembraceofreality,anascentrecovery.Thesamefolkswhochasedtherecessiondownnowarelikelytochasetherecoveryup.

Evenastheeconomystartedimproving,corporateAmericacontinuedtoprepareforArmageddonformuchof2009.Inventoriesofmanufacturedgoodsfellin10ofthefirst11monthsof2009.BetweenOctober2008andOctober2009,retailersslashedinventoriesfrom$500billionto$432billion.Translation?Pessimisticabouttheirabilitytosellstuff,companiescutwaybackontheirorders.Butwhenconsumerdemandfinallymaterializes,retailerswillbecaughtflat-footedandmissoutonsales.

Excessivepessimisminotherareashasbeenmorecostly.VirtuallyallthemarketgeniuseswhohungonastheDowwasscythedinhalfbetweenOctober2007andMarch2009failedtocallthemarketturn.Mosthedge-fundmanagershavechasedthe60percentrallysinceMarch,notledit.Economicforecasterssimilarlymissedthedramaticturnintheoveralleconomythisspring.Havingfailedtoforecastthattheeconomywouldshrinkata6percentannualratethroughthefirstquarterof2009,economistsalsofailedtoprojectitwouldstartgrowingagainatadecentpaceinJune.Andthey'restillbehindthecurve.Myboldpredictionfor2010isthattheconsensusoftheforecasterssurveyedbythePhiladelphiaFederalReserve,whichprojectstheeconomywillgrowonly2.4percentin2010,istoopessimistic,perhapsbyhalf.

Thenthere'salargepopulationofnon-ideologueswhomaynotfullyembracethenarrativeofeconomicrecoverybecausetheydon'tfeelityetintheirpaychecks,portfolios,orhomevalues.Trytellingalaid-offautoworkerinMichiganoralaid-offmagazineeditorinBrooklynthatthingsarebetter.Buttheymaysoonbeinforpleasantsurprises,too.Foralltheadvancesofinformationtechnology,bigeconomicturnsalwaystakeusunawares.In2007allindicatorsflashedgreen—untilthebottomsuddenlyfellout.Inthisenvironment,thingscanlookawful,untilaneworderunexpectedlycomesinorafewdealsbreakinyourfirm'sfavor.Allofasudden,thingsseemmuchbetter.

We'reinaMissourieconomynow,oneinwhichrecoveryhastobeshown,nottold.Economicconditionsmaybeimproving,butitstillmaytakemorethanafewquartersofgrowthbeforepeoplefullycommittorecovery,bothfinanciallyandpsychologically.Ifcreditmeansbelief,sincethecreditcrisisbegantwoyearsago,beliefhasbeeninshortsupply.Maybeit'stimeforalittleblindfaith.

1.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Thelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthat（）.

3.Theword"non-ideologues"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto（）.

4.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheattitudeoftheauthortowardseconomicrecovery?

問題1選項

A.EconomicPessimismvs.EconomicOptimism.

B.AmericanEconomyaftertheRecession.

C.EconomicForecastfor2010.

D.TheDangersofEconomicPessimism.

問題2選項

A.theretailersareunpreparedwhenthecustomerswanttopurchase

B.theretailersarefoundtohaveflatfeetsotheymissoutonsales

C.theunexpectedeconomicrecessionmakestheretailerslosetheirheads

D.theflat-footedretailers'salesareextinguishedbyothers'

問題3選項

A.peoplewhoarenotadvocatesofacertainideology

B.peoplewhoarepragmatists

C.peoplewhoareidealists

D.peoplewhobelieveinnothing

問題4選項

A.wecannotbetoooptimisticabouteconomicrecovery

B.economyhasalreadyrecoveredsopeopleshouldbeoptimistic

C.it'llstilltaketimeforpeopletobelievethateconomyisrecovering

D.peopledonotbelieveincreditanymore

問題5選項

A.Pessimistic.

B.Disinterested.

C.Suspicious.

D.Optimistic.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Butifexcessiveoptimismwasthenear-fatalposein2008,blindpessimismhasemergedasthereflexivepost-bustcro