浙江省寧波市2018年中考英語試題及答案-中考

寧波市2018年初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語試題考生須知：全卷分試題卷和答題卷。試題卷共8頁，有6個(gè)大題。滿分為95分，考試時(shí)間為90分鐘。請(qǐng)將姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)分別填寫在試題卷和答題卷的規(guī)定位置上。答題時(shí)，把試題卷笫一至三大題的答案在答題卷對(duì)應(yīng)的選項(xiàng)位置用2B鉛筆涂黑、涂滿。將試題卷笫四、五、六大題的答案用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽宇筆書寫，答案必須按照題號(hào)順序在答題卷各題目規(guī)定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，做在試題卷上或超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效。一、完形填空（本題有15小題，每小題1分，共計(jì)15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Itdoesnota1wayscomeeasytodiscoveronese1f.Fromayoungage,IhadastrongsenseofwhoIwastobecome,1anaccidentmademeredefine（重審）myself.Tome,skatingwasaboveall.Therewas_2inthisworldthatfilledmyheartwithsuchjoy.Ispenttwenty-fourhoursaweekpracticingmy3__.Havingnosociallifeorinterestsbutskating,mydevotion（摯愛）broughtmefirstplacemedalsinnearlyevery4.Unfortunately,inoneshow,Ifelldownandhurtmyself_5.AfterseveralX-raysandMRI（磁共振）scans,the6（told）TiethatIcouldn'treturntomysportanymore.Thepaininmybackwashardtobearandeventhe7dailytasksbecamedifficult.Asmypassion（激情）was_8,IhadlittlesenseofwhoIwastobecome.Aftereightmonthsofsuffering,somethinghadto9.Insteadofwastingmydayssittingaroundpainfully,Ibegantoputmy10intolocalcommunityserviceprojects.Byvolunteering11aswimmingteacherandsummerreadingassistantforkids,IgotanideaofwhoI12tobecome.Afterafewmonths,Idevotedtimetomyinterestinthearts.LittlebyLittle,I13outoftheshadow（陰影）andrebuiltmyconfidence.Sometimes,some14rocksblock（阻礙）ourway.Wecanchoosetostaybehindortrytoclimbover.Myaccidentwasarockthat15tostopmefromreachingsuccess.TodayI'averyconfidentandoptimisticperson.1.A.andB.butC.orD.so

1.A.andB.butC.orD.so2.A.everythingB.somethingC.nothingD.anything3.A.skillsB.behaviorsC.thoughtsD.habits4.A.meetingB.partyC.concertD.competition5.A.quicklyB.softlyC.badlyD.slowly6.A.waiterB.doctorC.teacherD.policeman7.A.usefulB.basicC.properD.busy8.A.foundoutB.broughtbackC.wakenupD.takenaway9.A.changeB.remainC.leaveD.arrive10.A.energyB.dutyC.wealthD.spirit11.A.withB.forC.asD.to12.A.wantedB.startedC.promisedD.lived13.A.ranB.jumpedC.stoodD.stepped14.A.smallB.largeC.uglyD.round15.A.managedB.helpedC.failedD.continued二、閱讀理解(本題有15小題，每小題2分，共計(jì)30分)閱讀下面會(huì)材料，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(A)Aslongaseveryonecontributesalittle,theworld吐llbecomeamuchbetterplace.Mostpeoplearekind-heartedandwanttolendahelpinghand.Nowlet'ssharesomememorablemoments.Linda:Once,whenIwasonmywaybacktomyhometown,Ilostmypursewithoutevenknowingit.Iwastoldoverthetrain'sloudspeakerthatmypursewasattherailwaystation'slostandfoundoffice.Butthetrainhadalreadystarted.Seeingmyhelplessness,akindhostessofferedtolendmesomemoney.Iwentbacktotherailwaystationandgotmypurse.Iamstillthankfultotherailwaystaffandthepersonwhofoundmypurse.Scott:WhenIwasalittleboy,therewasatimewhenIwenttofishwithmyeldersister.Allofasudden,Islippedintotheriver.ThenextthingIrememberismyfatherholdingmeinthehospital.TodayIstilldon'tknowwhogotmeoutof

thatriver.IhavebeentryingtohelpotherpeoplewheneverIcanalltheseyears.Tina:Oneofmyneighborsisanoldmanwhocannotspeak.Hemakesmoneybyrecyclingwaste.Ourotherneighborsdon'tlikehisbehavior.Butinmyopinion,it'shiswaytosupporthisfamily.Once,aftercleaningmyhouse,Iplacedsomecardboardboxesinhisgardenandleftmyrubbishbesidemydoor.However,whenIwasabouttogoout,Ifoundnothingoutsidemydoorbutanote:"Ihavethrownawayyourrubbish.Youareanicegirl.Thanksalot!"Accordingtothepassageabove,weknowthatthehostessfoundLinda'spurseLindaknewwhereshelostherpurseScottstilldoesn'tknowwhogothimoutoftheriversomecardboardboxeswerestolenbyTina'sneighborThewriteristryingtotellusthevalueofhealthkindnessmoneysafetyThepassageaboveisprobablya.reportdiarynovelletter(B)IgraduatedfromcollegerecentlyandmovedtoWashingtonbymyself.WhileIwasincollege,itwasreallyeasytomeetnewpeople.But"outintherealworld",Iwasfindingitreallyhard.Iliveinabigcity,anditseemslikeeveryonearoundmeisbusyoralreadyhasallthefriendstheywant.Iwasfeelingsodiscouraged(沮喪的)andIdidn'tknowwhattodo,soIcalledmysisterforsomeadvice.MysisterisfiveyearsolderthanIam,soshe'sbeenthroughallthisalready.She'sbeenhelpingmewithmyproblemsallmylife.WhenIexplainedmyproblem,sheunderstoodcompletely.Shesaid,"Whydon'tyoutrymeetingpeopleonline?""Online?Areyoukidding?"Iasked."Afriendofminechattedwithaguyonline,andwhenshefinallymethimfacetoface,hewasnothinglikewhathesaid."Mysisterlaughed."Youdon'thavetolookfordatesonline,"shesaid."Butyoucanfindotherpeoplelikeyou—peoplewhohavejustmovedtotownandwanttomakesomenewfriends.WhenIfirstmovedtoNewYorkaftercollege,Ifoundabookclubandafootballteamonline.Imetalotofpeoplethatway.""Butyoudon'tevenlikefootball!"Isaid."Iknow,"shereplied."Butthatdidn'tmatter.Istillbadalotoffun.Youplayedvolleyballincollege.Whydon'tyoulookforavolleyballteamtojoin?Oranartclass?""Yeah!Isawawebsiteaboutvolunteeringtheotherday."Isaid."IcouldvolunteerforanorganizationhereinWashington.IbetIcouldmeetalotofreallynicepeoplethatway.""Goodidea!"mysisteransweredexcitedly."Hey,youmightevenmeettheperfectguy.""OK,nowyou'restartingtosoundlikeMom,"Isaid."Thanksalotfortheadvice.I'mgoingonlinerightnow.I'llletyouknowwhathappens.Willyoubehometonight?""No,butI'llbeherealldaytomorrow,sogivemeacall,"mysisterreplied."Goodluck!"Whatwasthewriter'sproblem?Shewascheatedbyherfriendonline.Shewasrefusedbyavolleyballteam.Shecouldn'tmeetpeopleinhernewcity.Shefeltdiscouragedinhercollege.Thewriter'ssisterlivesinthesamecityasthewriterdoesn'thaveanyadviceforthewriterhadthesameproblemwhenshefinishedcollegeShedidn'tgotocollege,butunderstandsthewriter'sproblemThewriterisprobablygoingtobecomeamemberofafootballteamlookfordatesonlinejoinabookclublikehersisterdidvolunteerforanorganizationWhat'sthebesttitleforthispassage?LookingforFunOnlineVolunteeringinaNewCityChattingwithFriendsOnlineMakingFriendsinaNewCity（C）Artificialintelligence（AI）（人工智能）istheabilityofacomputerprogramoramachinetothinkandlearn.Itisalsoafieldofstudythattriestomakecomputers"smart".JohnMcCarthy,ascientist,cameupwiththename"artificialintelligence"in1955.Manythingssuchaslearningandproblemsolvingcanbedonebycomputers,thoughnotinthesamewayaswedo.AnunusualgoalofAIresearchistocreatecomputerprogramsthatcanlearn,solveproblems,andthinklogically（邏輯地）.AtpresentweusethetermAlforsuccessfullyunderstandinghumanspeech,recognizing（識(shí)另lj）humanfaces,operatingself-drivingcarsandcompetinginsomegamesystemslikeChessandAlphGo（阿爾法狗）.SomepeoplealsoconsiderAIadangertohumansifitdevelopstooquickly.ProfessorStephenHawking（霍金），awell-knownBritishscientist,wasnotforthiskindoftechnology.MathisthebasiclanguageofAI.Ifweraisethestandardinthelearningofmath,ourstudentswillbemorelikelytobecomesuccessfulAIdesignersinthefuture.Wenotonlywantbrightstudents,butalsoneedtoattractaveragestudentsandgivethemthemathskillswhichareneededtochangethemintoAIdesigners.Besides,agoodknowledgeofcomputerscienceisalsonecessaryforAIdesigning.ScientistshopetocreatecreativeandemotionalAIwhichcanpossiblyunderstandhumanfeelingsorcreateart.Manywaysandtoolshavebeentriedtodiscoverthisfascinatingfield.FromParagraph1,weknowthatallproblemscanbesolvedbyAImachineswithAIcanthinkandlearnAIhasbeenaroundforonly60years.AIworksinthesamewayashumansTheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2refersto（指旨的是）ChessAlphaGothedangerAIAccordingtothewriterandthefollowingschoolreport,whichstudentwillmostprobablybecomeasuccessfulAIdesigner?SchoolReportSubject/NameMath(lOO)Art(100)Computer(lOO)Mike609595Peter956590Amy659095Cathy959560A.Mike.Peter.Amy.Cathy.Paragraph4mainlytellsusthescientists'aboutAI.wishesworriesfeelingsdiscoveries(D)Inourculture,theabilitytomakeone'sowndecisionsisimportant.JohnF.Kennedy'squote(引語)"Toooftenweenjoythecomfortofopinionwithoutthediscomfortofthought."showsanunpleasanttruth.Muchofwhatweknowandbelievehasbeentaughttousbyothers,andweoftenacceptthisinformationwithoutspendingmuchtimethinkingitoverforourselves.Intoday'sworld,wearebeingpresentedwithinformation,ideasandbeliefs,butmanyofthemareagainsteachother.Psychology(心理學(xué))tellsusthatifwehearanideaenoughtimes,or心tcomesfromsomeonewerespect（尊敬），wewillprobablybelievethatidea.Inthesecases,webaseouropinionsontheopinionsofothers.Ifeachofusdoesnotthinkaboutthisinformationforourselvesandcometoourownconclusions,wewillbecomenothingmorethanparrots（鸚鵡）quotingtheopinionsofothers.ExamplesofspreadingfakenewswithoutthoughtcanbeseenontheInternet.Somepeoplebelievewhatevertheyreadandthensharethestorywithoutthinkingaboutthefacts.Allittakesisonequickclick（點(diǎn)擊）ofthe"share"button,andthestorytravelsonitswaytoinfluenceevenmoreunthinkingreaders.Thiscancauseseriousproblems.Ifwejuststopforamomenttothinkaboutwhatwereadandhear,andformourownopinions,wewillbemorethoughtful,moreindependent,andmorecreativepeople,butfewtakethattime.Yetweneednotloseheartoverthisbadhabit.Infact,simplybecomingaware意（識(shí)到）ofitisthefirststeptowardscorrectingit.Oncewebecomeawarethatwetend（趨向）toholdopinionsandbeliefswithoutthinkingthemthrough,wecanchangethatpatternofbehavior.Hopefully,wecanlearntoexperienceandenjoythe"discomfortofthought"andformourownopinions.What'sthepurposeofthispassage?TodescribehowInternetnewsspreads.Toexplainwhypeopledon'thavetheirownopinions.Totellpeoplethattheyshouldhavetheirownthoughts.Towarnpeoplenottobelieveotherpeople'sideas.Theunderlinedword"fake"inParagraph4probablymeansuntrueunhappyunfairunusualHowcanwehaveourownopinionsaccordingtothepassage?Byspreadingtheinformationwereceive.Bylearningmoreaboutpsychology.Byquotingothers'opinionslikeparrots.Bythinkingaboutwhatwereadandhear.Wecanprobablyfindthispassageinabookabouthistoryeducationsportslanguages三、任務(wù)型閱讀(本題有5小題，每小題l分，共計(jì)5分)下面是有關(guān)支付寶(Alipay)的英文版使用說明，請(qǐng)根據(jù)圖片所示步驟，從A-E中選擇正確的選項(xiàng)與圖片配對(duì)。5.Fillinthepriceandthepasswordcarefully.UseyoursmartphonetoscantheAlipayQRcode（二維碼）.Addabankcardandenteryourcardinformation.Thepaymentcompletionpageisshownafteryouclickthe"pay"button.GettheappofAlipay.Signupwithyourmobilephonenumber,thensetapassword.四、詞匯運(yùn)用（本題有15小題，每小題l分，共計(jì)15分）A.根據(jù)下列句子及所給漢語注釋，寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式（每空一詞）。Aprilisthe（第四）monthoftheyear.The（努力）youwork,themoreprogressyou'llmake.Therewillbeahigh-speedrailway,（在之間）NingboandZhoushan.Theuseofnewenergycarshelpstoreduceair（污染）.Drinkingtoomuchjuicecanbe（有害的）topeople'steeth.Imetafriendof（她的）inthestreetyesterday.Ican'thearyou（清楚地）.Pleasespeakalittlebitlouder.Whois（敲）atthedoor?Maybeit'sthepostman.LiuChuanjianisconsidereda（英雄）becausehesafelylandedthedamagedplane.Mr.Smith（親吻）hiswifeandkidsbeforehegoestoworkeveryday.B.用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，每詞僅用一次（每空一詞）。realpleasurepioneerinventdailyPaul:Hey,Jenny,thesubjectformyschoolprojectis"Smallinvention5thatchangedtheworld".Canyouhelpmethinkofaninvention?Jenny:With46!Letmethink...hmm...Iknow!Thezipper!Paul:Thezipper?Isit47suchagreatinvention?Jenny:Thinkabouthowoftenit'susedinour48lives.Youcanseezippersondresses,trousers,shoes,bags...almosteverywhere!Isawawebsitelastweek.The49ofdifferentinventionswerelistedthere.Forexample,itmentionedthatthezipperwas50byWhitcombJudsonin1893.Butatthattime,itwasn'tusedwidely.Paul:Sowhendiditbecomepopular?Jenny:Around1917.五、語法填空(本題有10小題，每小題l分，共計(jì)10分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式。Onceuponatime,aneagle(老鷹)wasflyingintheskywhenhesuddenlysawabeautifulhen.Theeaglecamenearthehenandsaid,"Myprettyhen,ILoveyou.Willyoube_51(I)wife?"Thehenwasscaredfortheeaglewassostrong.Herhusband,thecockhadgoneouttolookforfoodandherkidshadgoneawaysomewhereloplaywithother__52(child).Thehenquicklyanswered,"I'mwillingtobe,butletmefirstgrowwingslikeyours,soIcanfly_53highasyou."Theeaglereplied,"OK!Thisringisforyouasasignofourbetrothal(訂婚).TieitaroundyournecktillIreturn."Thehenagreed54(do)so,andtheeagleflewaway.Whenthecockmetthehenthenextday,hewasvery55(surprise)toseetheringaroundherneck.Hesaid,"Wheredidyougetthatring?Throwitawayimmediately."ThehendidthisandthecockwascheerfulIagain.Butattheweekend,theeaglecame56.Thefrightenedhenhidherselfbehindherdoorbuttheeaglesoonfoundherout.Suddenlyhecried,"Where57(be)theringthatIgaveyou?Whyareyounotwearingit?"Thehenwasveryscaredandsaid,"ForgivemelIlostityesterday.IwaswalkinginthegardenwhenImetalargesnake.Iwas58frightenedthatIranfast.WhenIgothome,I

couldn'tfindit."Theeaglelookedalthehen59（angry）andsaid,"Idon'tbelieveyou.Youhavehurtme.Iwillpunishyou.60youdon'tmarryme,Iwillsnatch（抓）awayallyourchickensfromyou.ButIwillpromisetoforgiveyouonlyifyoufindmyring.Good-bye!"Eversince,allthehensintheworldhavebeenscratching（輕抓）thegroundtofindtheeagle'sring.六、書面表達(dá)(本題有1小題，共計(jì)20分)61.今年5月11日，你校組織了一次社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)，部分學(xué)生選擇去了紅星農(nóng)場(chǎng)(見導(dǎo)圖一)，其余學(xué)生選擇去了科技博物館(見導(dǎo)圖二)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)你所選擇的實(shí)踐活動(dòng)寫一篇英語日記，記錄當(dāng)天的經(jīng)歷和感受。/導(dǎo)圖一導(dǎo)圖OurtnptoHcinestingFann丿IrnisportirtionzbyStfbwiLYActivities：feedchfflijE-rtpicksirftwbt-iiies一)，其余學(xué)生選擇去了科技博物館(見導(dǎo)圖二)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)你所選擇的實(shí)踐活動(dòng)寫一篇英語日記，記錄當(dāng)天的經(jīng)歷和感受。/導(dǎo)圖一導(dǎo)圖OurtnptoHcinestingFann丿IrnisportirtionzbyStfbwiLY注意：(1)日記必須包括你所選擇導(dǎo)圖的所有要點(diǎn)，并適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；(2)文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名和校名；(3)詞數(shù)：80-100。日記格式及首句己給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)Friday,May11thTodayIhadaschooltrip.寧波市2018年初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試參考答案與評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

英語

一、完形填空（本題有15小題，每小題1分，共計(jì)15分）1.B2.C3.A4.D5.C6.B7.B8.D9.A10.A11.C12.A13.D14.B15.C二、閱讀理解（本題有15小題，每小題2分，共計(jì)30分）16.C17.B18.A19.C20.C21.D22.D23.B24.D25.B26.A27.C28.A29.D30.B三、任務(wù)型閱讀（本題有5小題，每小題1分，共計(jì)5分）31.E32.C33.B34.A35.D四、詞匯運(yùn)用（本題有15小題，每小題l分，共計(jì)15分）36.4th/fourth37.harder38.between39.pollution40.harmful41.hers42.clearly43.knocking44.hero45.kisses46.pleasure47.really48.daily49.pioneers50.invented五、語法填空（本題有10小題，每小題l分，共計(jì)10分）51.my52.children53.as54.todo55.surprised5