考研考博-英語-云南藝術(shù)學(xué)院文華學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南藝術(shù)學(xué)院文華學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

Politiciansandthepublicarequicktoblamecollegefacultymembersforthedeclineinlearning,butprofessors—likeallteachers—areworkinginacontextthathasbeencreatedlargelybyothers:

Fewpeopleoutsideofhighereducationunderstandhowlittlecontrolprofessorsactuallyhaveoverwhatstudentscanlearn.

Herearesomereasons:

Lackofstudentpreparation.Increasingly,undergraduatesarenotpreparedadequatelyinanyacademicareabutoftenarrivewithstrongconvictionsabouttheirabilities.Socollegeprofessorsroutinelyencounterstudentswhohaveneverwrittenanythingmorethanshortanswersonexams,whodonotreadmuchatall，wholackfoundationalskillsinmathandscience，yetarecompletelyconvincedoftheirabilitiesandresistanycriticismoftheirwork，tothepointofangerandtears:“ButIearnednothingbutA’sinhighschool,”and“Yourdemandsareunreasonable.”Suchacombinationmakessomestudentsnearlyunteachable.

Gradeinflation.Ithasbecomedifficulttogivestudentshonestfeedback.Theslightestcriticismshavetobecushionedbyawarmblanketofpraiseandencouragementtoavoidprovokingoppositionaldefianceorcompletebreakdowns.

Asaresult,studentprogressisslowed,sharply.Rubric-drivenapproachesgivetheappearanceofobjectivitybutmakegradingseemlikeamatterofchecklists,which,ifcompleted,mustensureanA.Increasingly，time-pressuredcollegeteachersaskthemselves，“Whatgradewillensurenocomplaintfromthestudent，orworse，abattleoverwhethertheinstructionsforanassignmentwereclearenough?”So，thenumberofA-rangegradeskeepsgoingup,andthemotivationforstudentstoexcelkeepsgoingdown.

Studentretention.Asthecollege-agepopulationdeclines,manytuition-driveninstitutionsstruggletofindenoughpayingcustomerstobalancetheirbudgets.Thatmakesitnecessarytorecruitevenmoreunpreparedstudents，whothenmustberetained，shiftingtheburdenforacademicsuccessawayfromthestudentandontotheteacher.

Facultymemberscanworkwithanindividualstudent，iftheyhavetime，butthecapabilitiesofthestudentpopulationasawholedefinetheaveragelevelofrigorthatissustainableintheclassroom.Atsomeinstitutions,graduationratesaresohighbecausetheacademicexpectationsaresolow.Failingalotofstudentsisaseriousrisk,financially,forthecollegeandtheprofessor.

【答案】因此，大學(xué)教授遇到的學(xué)生往往是這樣的：除了會(huì)在試卷上寫簡(jiǎn)要答案之外，從不動(dòng)筆寫任何東西，不怎么讀書，缺乏基本的數(shù)理技能，卻對(duì)自己的能力信心滿滿，還拒絕接受任何針對(duì)其作業(yè)的批評(píng)，甚至到了大哭大鬧的地步。

稍加批評(píng)，就得施以各種贊美鼓勵(lì)來緩和，以防引發(fā)對(duì)立情緒，或者情緒完全崩潰。

由于時(shí)間壓力，越來越多的大學(xué)老師自問：“給學(xué)生什么樣的成績(jī)才能保證他們不抱怨，更糟糕的是，才不會(huì)因?yàn)樽鳂I(yè)要求是否清晰而引發(fā)紛爭(zhēng)?”

因此，就不得不招進(jìn)更多不合要求的學(xué)生，還不得不留下他們，從而將爭(zhēng)取學(xué)業(yè)成功的負(fù)擔(dān)從學(xué)生身上轉(zhuǎn)嫁到老師身上。

如果有時(shí)間，教師可以進(jìn)行單獨(dú)輔導(dǎo)。但是學(xué)生的整體能力決定了在課堂上能夠嚴(yán)格要求他們的程度。

2.單選題

Hewasaccusedofbeinga______becausehemadepromiseswhicharousedfutilehopesinhislisteners.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.spokesman

B.demagogue

C.representative

D.politician

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)spokesman“發(fā)言人；代言人”；B選項(xiàng)demagogue“煽動(dòng)者；煽動(dòng)家；煽動(dòng)政治家”；C選項(xiàng)representative“代表；典型；眾議員；銷售代表”；D選項(xiàng)politician“政治家”。句意：他被指控為一名……，因?yàn)樗某兄Z在聽眾中激起了無用的希望。由arousedfutilehopesinhislisteners（在他的聽眾中激起了無用的希望）可知B選項(xiàng)與其意思對(duì)應(yīng)正確，結(jié)合此處語境，B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Ragtimeisamusicalformthatsynthesizesfolkmelodiesandmusicaltechniquesintoabriefquadrille-likestructure,designedtobeplayed—exactlyaswritten—onthepiano.AstronganalogyexistsbetweenEuropeancomposerslikeRalphVaughanWilliams,EdvardGrieg,andAntonDvorakwhocombinedfolktunesandtheirownoriginalmaterialsinlargercompositionsandthepioneerragtimecomposersintheUnitedStates.ComposerslikeScottJoplinandlamesScottwereinasensecollectorsormusicologists,collectingdanceandfolkmusicinBlackcommunitiesandconsciouslyshapingitintobriefsuitesoranthologiescalledpianorags.

Ithassometimesbeenchargedthatragtimeismechanical.Forinstance,WilfredMellerscomments,“ragsweretransferredtothepianolarolland,evenifnotplayedbyamachine,shouldbeplayedlikeamachine,withmeticulousprecision.”However,thereisnoreasontoassumethatragtimeisinherentlymechanicalsimplybecausecommercialmanufacturersappliedamechanicalrecordingmethodtoragtime,theonlywaytorecordpianosatthatdate.Ragtime’sisnotamechanicalprecision,anditisnotprecisionlimitedtothestyleofperformance.Itarisesfromragtime’sfollowingawell-definedformandobeyingsimpleruleswithinthatform.

Theclassicformulaforthepianoragdisposesthreetofivethemesinsixteenth-barstrains,oftenorganizedwithrepeats.Theragopenswithabright,memorablestrainortheme,followedbyasimilartheme,leadingtoatrioofmarkedlyricalcharacter,withthestructureconcludedbyalyricalstrainthatparallelstherhythmicdevelopmentsoftheearlierthemes.Theaimofthestructureistorisefromonethemetoanotherinastair-stepmanner,endingonanoteoftriumphorexhilaration.

Typically,eachstrainisdividedintotwo8-barsegmentsthatareessentiallyalike,sotherhythmic-melodicunitofragtimeisonlyeightbarsof2/4measure.Therefore,themesmustbebriefwithclear,sharpmelodicfigures.Notconcernedwithdevelopmentofmusicalthemes,theragtimecomposerinsteadsetsathemedownintact,infinishedform,andlinksittovariousrelatedthemes.Tensioninragtimecompositionsarisesfromapolaritybetweentwobasicingredients:acontinuousbass―calledbyjazzmusiciansaboom-chickbass—inthepianist’slefthand,anditsmelodic,syncopatedcounterpartintherighthand.

Ragtimeremainsdistinctfromjazzbothasaninstrumentalstyleandasagenre.Ragtimestylestressesapatternofrepeatedrhythms,nottheconstantinventionsandvariationsofjazz.Asagenre,ragtimerequiresstrictattentiontostructure,notinventivenessorvirtuosity.Itexistsasatradition,asetofconventions,abodyofwrittenscores,separatefromtheindividualplayersassociatedwithit.Inthissenseragtimeismoreakintofolkmusicofthenineteenthcenturythantojazz.

1.Accordingtothepassage,eachofthefollowingisacharacteristicofragtimecompositionsthatfollowtheclassicragtimeformulaEXCEPT（

）.

2.Theauthorrejectstheargumentthatragtimeisamechanicalmusicbecausethatargument

（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheessentialnatureofragtimehasbeenobscuredbycommentariesbasedon

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingismostnearlyanalogousinsourceandartisticcharactertoaragtimecompositionasdescribedinthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.syncopation

B.abasslinedistinctfromthemelodicline

C.risingrhythmic-melodicintensity

D.fulldevelopmentofmusicalthemes

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.improperlyidentifiescommercialragtimemusicwiththesubtlerclassicragtimestyle.

B.doesnotaccuratelydescribethesoundofragtimepianolamusic.

C.confusesthemeansofrecordingandtheessentialcharacterofthemusic.

D.exaggeratestheinfluenceoftheperformancestyleofprofessionalragtimeplayersonthereputationofthegenre.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thewayragtimemusicwasfirstrecorded

B.themusicalsourcesusedbyScottJoplinandJamesScott

C.thedancefashionsthatwerecontemporaryragtime

D.earlyreviewers’accountsofcharacteristicstructure

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Symphonicmusicderivedfromcomplexjazzmotifs.

B.Anexperimentalnovelbasedonwell-knowncartooncharacters.

C.Adramaticproductioninwhichactorsinventscenesandimproviselines.

D.Aballetwhosedisciplinedchoreographyisbasedonfolk-dancesteps.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。題干問的是根據(jù)這篇文章，除了哪一項(xiàng)外，下面的每一個(gè)都是拉格泰姆作品的一個(gè)特征？題干問的是根據(jù)這篇文章，除了哪一項(xiàng)外，下面的每一個(gè)都是拉格泰姆作品的一個(gè)特征？定位到第四段中Notconcernedwithdevelopmentofmusicalthemes,theragtimecomposerinsteadsetsathemedownintact,infinishedform,andlinksittovariousrelatedthemes.Tensioninragtimecompositionsarisesfromapolaritybetweentwobasicingredients:acontinuousbass―calledbyjazzmusiciansaboom-chickbass~inthepianist’slefthand,anditsmelodic,syncopatedcounterpartintherighthand.拉格泰姆作曲家不關(guān)心音樂主題的發(fā)展，而是完整地、完整地設(shè)定一個(gè)主題，并把它與各種相關(guān)的主題聯(lián)系起來。拉格泰姆樂曲的張力來自于兩種基本元素之間的對(duì)立:鋼琴師左手彈連續(xù)低音(爵士音樂家稱之為“boom-chickbass”)和右手彈有旋律的切分低音?？芍狣項(xiàng)“音樂主題的全面發(fā)展”不是拉格泰姆作曲的特點(diǎn)，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“切分音”和B項(xiàng)“與旋律線不同的低音線”，C項(xiàng)“旋律強(qiáng)度不斷上升”這段均有提及。

2.判斷推理題。定位到第二段中Ithassometimesbeenchargedthatragtimeismechanical.Forinstance,WilfredMellerscomments,“ragsweretransferredtothepianolarolland,evenifnotplayedbyamachine,shouldbeplayedlikeamachine,withmeticulousprecision.”However,thereisnoreasontoassumethatragtimeisinherentlymechanicalsimplybecausecommercialmanufacturersappliedamechanicalrecordingmethodtoragtime,theonlywaytorecordpianosatthatdate.Ragtime’sisnotamechanicalprecision,anditisnotprecisionlimitedtothestyleofperformance.Itarisesfromragtime’sfollowingawell-definedformandobeyingsimpleruleswithinthatform.有時(shí)有人指責(zé)拉格泰姆是機(jī)械的。例如，威爾弗雷德?米勒斯評(píng)論道，“拉格泰姆被轉(zhuǎn)移到自動(dòng)鋼琴上，即使不是機(jī)器演奏，也應(yīng)該像機(jī)器演奏一樣具有細(xì)致的精確度?！比欢覀儧]有理由僅僅因?yàn)樯虡I(yè)制造者對(duì)拉格泰姆音樂使用了機(jī)械錄音的方法（這是當(dāng)時(shí)記錄鋼琴演奏的唯一方法）就認(rèn)為拉格泰姆本身就是機(jī)械的。拉格泰姆音樂不是機(jī)械的精度，也不局限于精度的表現(xiàn)風(fēng)格。它源于拉格泰姆遵循的一種定義明確的形式，并在該形式中遵循簡(jiǎn)單的規(guī)則?？芍狢項(xiàng)“混淆了錄音的手段和音樂的本質(zhì)特征”正確。D項(xiàng)“夸大了專業(yè)的拉格泰姆音樂演奏者表演風(fēng)格對(duì)這種音樂流派的影響”，A項(xiàng)“錯(cuò)誤地將商業(yè)拉格泰姆音樂與更微妙的古典拉格泰姆風(fēng)格區(qū)分開來”；B項(xiàng)“沒有準(zhǔn)確地描述拉格泰姆鋼琴音樂的聲音”；文中均未提及，故答案C

3.判斷推理題。題干問：從文中可推斷出拉格泰姆音樂的本質(zhì)被基于什么基礎(chǔ)上的評(píng)論所遮蔽？定位到第二段中“However,thereisnoreasontoassumethatragtimeisinherentlymechanicalsimplybecausecommercialmanufacturersappliedamechanicalrecordingmethodtoragtime,theonlywaytorecordpianosatthatdate.然而，沒有理由僅僅因?yàn)樯虡I(yè)制造商對(duì)拉格泰姆使用了一種機(jī)械錄音方法，就認(rèn)為拉格泰姆本身就是機(jī)械的，這是當(dāng)時(shí)唯一一種錄制鋼琴的方法?！笨芍捎诶裉┠酚昧艘环N機(jī)械錄音法，故A項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。題干問：下列哪一項(xiàng)在來源和藝術(shù)特征上與文中描述的拉格泰姆樂曲最為相似?A項(xiàng)“從復(fù)雜的爵士主題中衍生出來的交響樂?！保籅項(xiàng)“一部以著名卡通人物為原型的實(shí)驗(yàn)性小說”；C項(xiàng)“演員們創(chuàng)造場(chǎng)景并即興創(chuàng)作臺(tái)詞的一種戲劇作品”；D項(xiàng)“以民間舞蹈為基礎(chǔ)的有紀(jì)律的舞蹈編排的芭蕾舞”。定位到第三段中“Theaimofthestructureistorisefromonethemetoanotherinastair-stepmanner拉格泰姆結(jié)構(gòu)的目的是要以階梯狀的方式從一個(gè)主題上升到另一個(gè)主題······與最后一段中“Inthissenseragtimeismoreakintofolkmusicofthenineteenthcenturythantojazz.從這個(gè)意義上說，拉格泰姆音樂更像是十九世紀(jì)的民間音樂，而不是爵士樂。由此對(duì)應(yīng)可推知有“folk-dancesteps民間舞蹈步伐”的D項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Experimentsinthephotographyofmovingobjects______inboththeUnitedStatesandEuropewellbefore2000.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havebeenconducting

B.wasconducted

C.hadbeenconducted

D.beingconducted

【答案】C

【解析】考查語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。本題主要考查過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Experiments“實(shí)驗(yàn)”只能被人做，所以只能用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，再根據(jù)時(shí)間線“before2000”可知?jiǎng)幼魍瓿稍谶^去的過去，故用過去完成時(shí)。句意：早在2000年之前，美國(guó)和歐洲就已經(jīng)開展了運(yùn)動(dòng)物體攝影的實(shí)驗(yàn)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

TheTitanicturnedjustintimeandnarrowlymissedtobestruckbytheimmensewallofice

A

B

whichroseover100feetoutofthewaterbesideher.

C

D

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.just

B.tobestruck

C.rose

D.beside

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。missdoingsth.意為“避免做某事”，此處表示被動(dòng)，因此用過去分詞。

試題答案：B;beingstruck

6.單選題

WildBillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.TheAmericanspymasterwhobuilttheOfficeofStrategicServicesinWorldWarⅡandlaterlaidtherootsfortheCIAwasfascinatedwithinformation.Donovanbelievedinusingwhatevertoolscametohandinthe“greatgame”ofespionage—spyingasa“profession”.ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyre-madesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan’svocationaswell.

Thelatestrevolutionisn’tsimplyamatterofgentlemenreadingothergentlemen’se-mail.Thatkindofelectronicspyinghasbeengoingonfordecades.Inthepastthreeorfouryears,theWorldWideWebhasgivenbirthtoawholeindustryofpoint-and-clickspying.Thespooks(間諜)callit“open-sourceintelligence”,andastheNetgrows,itisbecomingincreasinglyinfluential.In1995theCIAheldacontesttoseewhocouldcompilethemostdataaboutBurundi.Thewinner,byalargemargin,wasatinyVirginiacompanycalledOpenSourceSolutions,whoseclearadvantagewasitsmasteryoftheelectronicworld.

AmongthefirmsmakingthebiggestsplashinthisnewworldisStraitford,Inc.,aprivateintelligence-analysisfirmbasedinAustin,Texas.Straitfordmakesmoneybysellingtheresultsofspying(coveringnationsfromChiletoRussia)tocorporationslikeenergy-servicesfirmMcDermottInternational.Manyofitspredictionsareavailableonlineatwww.S.

StraitfordpresidentGeorgeFriedmansaysheseestheonlineworldasakindofmutuallyreinforcingtoolforbothinformationcollectionanddistribution,aspymaster’sdream.LastweekhisfirmwasbusyvacuumingupdatabitsfromthefarcornersoftheworldandpredictingacrisisinUkraine.“Assoonasthatreportruns,we’llsuddenlyget500newInternetsign-upsfromUkraine,”saysFriedman,aformerpoliticalscienceprofessor.“Andwe’llhearbackfromsomeofthem.”O(jiān)pen-sourcespyingdoeshaveitsrisks,ofcourse,sinceitcanbedifficulttotellgoodinformationfrombad.That’swhereStraitfordearnsitskeep.

FriedmanreliesonaleanStaffof20inAustin.Severalofhisstaffmembershavemilitary-intelligencebackgrounds.Heseesthefirm’soutsiderstatusasthekeytoitssuccess.Straitford’sbriefsdon’tsoundliketheusualWashingtonback-and-forthing,wherebyagenciesavoiddramaticdeclarationsonthechancetheymightbewrong.Straitford,saysFriedman,takesprideinitsindependentvoice.

1.TheemergenceoftheNethas______.

2.Donovan’sstoryismentionedinthetextto______.

3.Thephrase“makingthebiggestsplash”(line1,paragraph3)mostprobablymeans______.

4.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraph4that______.

5.Straitfordismostproudofits______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.receivedsupportfromfanslikeDonovan

B.remoldedtheintelligenceservices

C.restoredmanycommonpastimes

D.revivedspyingasaprofession

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.introducethetopicofonlinespying

B.showhowhefoughtfortheUS

C.giveanepisodeoftheinformationwar

D.honorhisuniqueservicestotheCIA

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.causingthebiggesttrouble

B.exertingthegreatesteffort

C.achievingthegreatestsuccess

D.enjoyingthewidestpopularity

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Straitford’spredictionaboutUkrainehasprovedtrue

B.Straitfordguaranteesthetruthfulnessofitsinformation

C.Straitford’sbusinessischaracterizedbyunpredictability

D.Straitfordisabletoprovidefairlyreliableinformation

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.officialstatus

B.nonconformistimage

C.efficientstaff

D.militarybackground

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“網(wǎng)絡(luò)的出現(xiàn)已經(jīng)……”。第一段最后一句ThesedaystheNet,whichhasalreadyre-madesucheverydaypastimesasbuyingbooksandsendingmail,isreshapingDonovan’svocationaswell.（如今，網(wǎng)絡(luò)已經(jīng)改變了購(gòu)書和寄信等日常娛樂活動(dòng)，也正在重塑Donovan的情報(bào)員職業(yè)）可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的出現(xiàn)是改造了情報(bào)部門的工作。A項(xiàng)“得到了Donovan等粉絲的支持”，文中第一句WildbillDonovanwouldhavelovedtheInternet.（Donovan會(huì)愛上互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的），這里用的虛擬語氣，且從后面的內(nèi)容也可以得知，在Donovan做情報(bào)員期間互聯(lián)網(wǎng)還沒有出現(xiàn)，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)“恢復(fù)/還原許多普遍的消遣活動(dòng)”，文中說的是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)改變了人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹姆绞?，如買書、發(fā)郵件等，這里是改變而不是恢復(fù)，因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“復(fù)興了間諜這個(gè)職業(yè)”，原文沒有提到間諜行業(yè)消失的信息，所以復(fù)興一詞不正確。該題B項(xiàng)“重塑了情報(bào)行業(yè)”正確。

2.【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“文中提到Donovan的故事是用來……”。A項(xiàng)“介紹網(wǎng)絡(luò)間諜的主題”，B項(xiàng)“展示他是如何為美國(guó)而戰(zhàn)”，C項(xiàng)“信息戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的一段插曲”，D項(xiàng)“向他對(duì)中情局的貢獻(xiàn)致敬”。文章開篇引用Donovan的例子來證明互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展重塑了間諜行業(yè)，從而來引出接下來對(duì)間諜行業(yè)的論述，因此該題A項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題解析】語義推測(cè)題。題干意思是“第三段第一行makingthebiggestsplash這個(gè)短語的意思最有可能是……”。A項(xiàng)“制造最大的麻煩”，B項(xiàng)“盡最大的努力”，C項(xiàng)“取得最大的成功”，D項(xiàng)“有最廣泛的名氣”。第三段講的內(nèi)容是作為一家私人情報(bào)分析公司，Straitford通過將間諜活動(dòng)的成果（覆蓋從智利到俄羅斯的國(guó)家）賣給其他公司來賺錢；它的許多預(yù)測(cè)都可以在網(wǎng)站上看到；由此可以推斷Straitford公司是這個(gè)間諜行業(yè)的佼佼者，因此A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)都不符合題意；另外，文中對(duì)Straitford公司的名氣并沒有特別提到，所以該題C項(xiàng)最符合題意。

4.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“從第四段可以知道……”。第四段主要講的是Friedman將互聯(lián)網(wǎng)作為一個(gè)雙向的工具，既用來收集信息，又用來發(fā)布信息；A項(xiàng)“關(guān)于烏克蘭的語言被證實(shí)是真的”，文中只說了Straitford公司做出了關(guān)于烏克蘭局勢(shì)的預(yù)測(cè)，原文并沒有說明預(yù)言是否成真，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)“Straitford公司保證信息的真實(shí)性”，第四段倒數(shù)第二句提到Open-sourcespyingdoeshaveitsrisks,ofcourse,sinceitcanbedifficulttotellgoodinformationfrombad（當(dāng)然公開來源的間諜活動(dòng)的確有它的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)楹茈y區(qū)分正確與錯(cuò)誤的信息），最后一句提到這正是Straitford公司賺錢的原因，所以由此可以推斷出Straitford公司就是靠辨別真?zhèn)吻閳?bào)賺錢的，它能提供相當(dāng)可靠的信息，但是沒有保證情報(bào)百分百的準(zhǔn)確，B項(xiàng)太絕對(duì)；C項(xiàng)“Straitford公司商業(yè)的特點(diǎn)是不可預(yù)測(cè)性”在文中找不到依據(jù)；因此該題D項(xiàng)“Straitford公司能提供相當(dāng)可靠的信息”最符合題意。

5.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“Straitford公司對(duì)自己的什么最自豪？”。A項(xiàng)“官員地位”，B項(xiàng)“不墨守成規(guī)的形象”，C項(xiàng)“有效率的員工”，D項(xiàng)“軍事背景”。文章最后一句提到Friedman,takesprideinitsindependentvoice.（弗萊德曼說，Straitford公司為其獨(dú)立的聲音而感到自豪）可知，Straitford公司引以為豪的是其獨(dú)立的立場(chǎng)，A項(xiàng)沒有依據(jù)，C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)都不是Straitford公司引以為豪之處。因此B項(xiàng)最符合題意。

7.單選題

WorldTradeOrganizationDirector-generalRenatoRuggierspredictedthattheWTOwouldboostglobalincomesby51trillioninthenexttenyears.Thepactpavesthewayformoreforeigninvestmentandcompetitionintelecommakers.Manygovernmentsaremakingtelecomderegulationapriorityandmakingiteasierforoutsiderstoenterthetelecommunicationbusiness.

Thepacevarieswidely.TheU.S.andBritainarewellaheadofthepack,whileThailandwon'tfullyopenuntil2006.only20%ofthe5601billionworldmarketiscurrentlyopentocompetition.Thatshouldjumptoabout75%inacoupleofyears--largelyduetotheTelecomActintheU.S.lastyearthatderegulatedlocalmarkets,theopeningupoftheEuropeanUnionsmarketsfromJan.1,1998andthederegulationinJapan.TheWTOdealnowprovidesaforumfortheinevitabledisputesalongtheway.Itisalsosymbolic:thefirstmajortradeagreementofthepost-industrialage.Insteadofbeingobsessedwithtextilequotas,theWTOpactisproofthatgovernmentsarerealizingthatinaninformationage,telecomistheoilandsteelofeconomiesinthefuture.Businessesaroundtheworldarealreadyspendingmoreintotalontelecomservicesthantheydoonoil.

Consumers,meanwhile,canlookforwardtoafutureoflowerprices—bysomeestimates,internationalcallingratesshoulddrop80%overseveralyears-andbetterservice.Thanksinparttothevastlyincreasedcallvolumecardedbythefiber-opticcablesthatspantheglobetoday,callinghalfaworldawayalreadycostslittlemorethantelephoningnextdoor.Themonopoliescannolongersrthighpricesforinternationalcallsinmanycountries.IntheU.s.,theworld'dmostfiercelycompetitivelongdistancemarket,frequentcallerssincelastyearhavebeenpayingabout12centsaminutetocallBritain,apricenotmuchmorethandomesticrates.

ThenewcompetitiveenvironmentonthehorizonmeansmoreopportunitiesforcompaniesfromtheU.S.andU.K.inparticularbecausetheyhaveplentyofpracticeattherough-and-tumbleoffreemarkets.TheU.S.lobbiedhardfortheWTOdeal,confidentthatitsfirmswouldbebigbeneficiariesofmoreopenmarkets.Britainhasbeenderegulatedsince1984butwillseeevenmorecompetitionthanbefore;inDecember,thegovernmentissued45newinternationallicensestojoinBritainTelecomsothatitwillbecomeastrongcompetitorintheinternationalmarket.However,theonce-cossetedindustrywillgetrougherworldwide.Returnsoncapitalwillcomedown.Riskswillgoup.Thatishowfreemarketswork.Itwilllooklikeanybusiness.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestdescribethemainthemeofthepassage?

2.Whatdoes"wellaheadofthepack"meaninrespectoftheU.S.andBritain?

3.Wecanreasonablyconcludefromthepassagethat（）.

4.Inlastparagraph,theword"lobby"probablymeans“（）”.

5.Thetoneofthispassagecanbedescribedas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thereisagreatpotentialintheworldtelecommarket.

B.TheWTOpacthasboostedarapiddevelopmentoftelecomallovertheworld.

C.TheWTOpacthasopenedupbiggertelecommarketstocompetition.

D.Governmentshaverealizedtheimportanceoftelecommunication.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theirtelecomtechnologyismuchmoreadvanced.

B.Theirtelecommarketsaremuchmoreopen.

C.Theyhavemoremoneyinvestedinforeigntelecombusiness.

D.Theyhavemorecompetitioninthetelecommarkets.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theworldtelecommarkethasbeenfullyexploredsincethesigningoftheWTOpact

B.telecomcompaniesoftheU.S.andU.K.willundoubtedlydominatetheworldtelecommarket

C.manygovernmentshavegrantedagreatinvestmentintheirtelecombusiness

D.theWTOpactmeanstoughercompetitionfortelecomcompaniesandgentlerpriceforcallers

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.persuade

B.approve

C.separate

D.imitate

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.informativeandneutral

B.seriousandcautions

C.enthusiasticandoptimistic

D.analyticalandworried

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Thepactpavesthewayformoreforeigninvestmentandcompetitionintelecommakers.”該協(xié)議為更多外國(guó)投資和電信業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)鋪平了道路。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的二三句“TheU.S.andBritainarewellaheadofthepack,whileThailandwon'tfullyopenuntil2006.only20%ofthe5601billionworldmarketiscurrentlyopentocompetition.”美國(guó)和英國(guó)遙遙領(lǐng)先意味著他們的電信市場(chǎng)更加開放。選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第三句“only20%ofthe5601billionworldmarketiscurrentlyopentocompetition.”說明電信市場(chǎng)還沒有完全開放,所以選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)B的說法太絕對(duì),也不正確；選項(xiàng)C政府投資在文中沒有提及。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.根據(jù)原句“TheU.S.lobbiedhardfortheWTOdeal,confidentthatitsfirmswouldbebigbeneficiariesofmoreopenmarkets.”美國(guó)相信他們的企業(yè)將成為更多開放市場(chǎng)中的最大受益者。所以美國(guó)一直在為WTO達(dá)成協(xié)議說好話,試圖說服WTO盡快達(dá)成協(xié)議,所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.作者在原文中沒有表現(xiàn)出自己的觀點(diǎn),只是描述詳細(xì)的信息,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

8.單選題

Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareonthevergeofextinctionbecauseofpollution.

B.Theycarryplantseedsandspreadthemtofarawayplaces.

C.Theydeliverpollutantsfromtheoceantotheirnestingsites.

D.Theycanbeusedtodelivermessagesintimesofemergency.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheyoriginatefromDevonIslandintheArcticarea.

B.TheymigratetotheArcticCircleduringthesummer.

C.Theyhavetheabilitytosurviveinextremeweathers.

D.Theytravelasfaras400kilometersinsearchoffood.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhadbecomemorepoisonous.

B.Theywerecarriedbythewind.

C.Theypoisonedsomeofthefulmars.

D.Theywerelessthanonthecontinent.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheeffectsofthechangingclimateonArcticseabirds.

B.TheharmArcticseabirdsmaycausetohumans.

C.ThediminishingcoloniesforArcticseabirds.

D.ThethreatshumansposetoArcticseabirds.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

【解析】PassageOne

Birdsarefamousforcarryingthingsaround.Some,likehomingpigeons,canbetrainedtodelivermessagesandpackages.Otherbirdsunknowinglycarryseedsthatclingtothemfortheride.

Canadianscientistshavefoundaworrisome,newexampleofthepowerthatbirdshavetospreadstuffaround.WayupnorthintheCanadianArctic,[9]seabirdsarepickingupdangerouschemicalsintheoceananddeliveringthemtopondsnearwherethebirdslive.

Some10,000pairsofthebirds,calledfulmars,akindofArcticseabirds,maketheirnestsonDevonIsland,northoftheArcticCircle.[10]Thefulmarstravelsome400kilometersovertheseatofindfood.Whentheyreturnhome,theirdroppingsendupallaroundtheirnestingsites,includinginnearbyponds.

[11]Previously,scientistsnoticedpollutantsarrivingintheArcticwiththewind.Salmonalsocarrydangerouschemicals,asthefishmigratebetweenriversandthesea.Thebodiesoffishandothermeat-eaterscanbuilduphighlevelsofthechemicals.

Totestthepollutingpoweroffulmars,researcherscollectedsamplesofdepositsfrom11pondsonDevonIsland.Inpondsclosesttothecolony,theresultsshowedthattherewerefarmorepollutantsthaninpondslessaffectedbythebirds.

Thepollutantsinthepondsappeartocomefromfishthatfulmarseatwhenthey’reoutontheocean.

[12]Peoplewholive,hunt,orfishnearbirdcoloniesneedtobecareful,theresearcherssay.Thebirdsdon’tmeantocauseharm,butthechemicalstheycarrycancausemajorproblems.

9.WhathaveCanadianscientistsfoundaboutsomeseabirds?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于海鳥，加拿大科學(xué)家們有什么發(fā)現(xiàn)？錄音開頭提到，加拿大的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)海鳥能傳播污染物：在加拿大北部的北極地區(qū)，海鳥從海洋中叼走危險(xiǎn)的化學(xué)品，并運(yùn)送到其棲息地附近的池塘里。C選項(xiàng)“它們把海洋里污染物運(yùn)送到它們筑巢的地方”是對(duì)錄音原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“污染導(dǎo)致它們?yōu)l臨滅絕”錄音中并沒有提及；B選項(xiàng)“它們攜帶植物種子，并把種子傳播到遙遠(yuǎn)的地方”這一信息雖然在錄音中有所提及，但并不是加拿大科學(xué)家們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此排除；D選項(xiàng)“在緊急情況下，它們會(huì)傳遞信息”，錄音中說的這種鳥類是信鴿，而不是海鳥，因此不正確。

10.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheseabirdscalledfulmars?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于管鼻藿這種海鳥，說話人說了什么？錄音提到，有一種生活在北極的海鳥，名叫管鼻藿（fulmar）。大約有一萬多對(duì)管鼻藿在北極圈以北的德文島筑巢。它們會(huì)飛行約400公里，穿越海洋尋找食物。D選項(xiàng)“它們飛行400公里尋找食物”與錄音原文表述相符，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“它們起源于北極地區(qū)的德文島”，錄音只是提及管鼻藿在北極圈以北的德文島筑巢，并沒有表明它們是起源于德文島，因此不正確；B選項(xiàng)“它們?cè)谙募具w徙到北極圈”和C選項(xiàng)“它們能在極端天氣條件下生存”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此排除。

11.WhatdidscientistspreviouslynoticeaboutpollutantsintheArctic?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問科學(xué)家以前在北極發(fā)現(xiàn)的污染物是什么？錄音提到，早前，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)這些污染物是被風(fēng)吹到北極地區(qū)的。B選項(xiàng)中的werecarriedbythewind是錄音中arriving…withthewind的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。因此B選項(xiàng)“它們是被風(fēng)吹來的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它們毒性越來越大”；C選項(xiàng)“它們毒害了一些管鼻藿”和D選項(xiàng)“它們沒有像大陸上殘留的那么多”在錄音中均沒有相關(guān)信息提及，因此排除。

12.Whatdoesthespeakerwarnaboutattheendofthetalk?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問說話者在演講結(jié)束時(shí)警告了什么？錄音最后提到，研究人員認(rèn)為，在鳥類棲息地附近生活、狩獵或捕魚的人們需要提高警惕。這些鳥類本身不會(huì)造成危害，但它們攜帶的化學(xué)物質(zhì)則會(huì)引起重大問題。由此可知，此處的“重大問題”應(yīng)是指會(huì)對(duì)人類造成危害的問題，因此B選項(xiàng)“北極海鳥可能對(duì)人類造成危害”正確。A選項(xiàng)“氣候變化對(duì)北極海鳥的影響”；C選項(xiàng)“北極海鳥棲息地的減少”和D選項(xiàng)“人類對(duì)北極海鳥構(gòu)成的威脅”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此排除。

9.單選題

IfMr.Bassettfailsagain,theopponentswilldriveahardbargainforcooperationwiththeUnion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discount

B.plunge

C.negotiation

D.registration

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。bargain表示“交易，便宜貨”；A項(xiàng)discount“折扣”，B項(xiàng)plunge“突然跌落，驟降”，C項(xiàng)negotiation“談判”，D項(xiàng)registration“登記，注冊(cè)”。句意：如果巴西特再次失敗，反對(duì)派將為與工會(huì)合作而討價(jià)還價(jià)。根據(jù)句意可知，只有C項(xiàng)意思與之相近，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

10.問答題

Toattractcapital,smallbanksarealwayswillingtoraisetheirdepositratestothehigherendof

A

B

thegovernment-setbandtoattractcapital,whilebigplayersusuallykeeptheirratesata

C

D

discountof10percent.

【答案】試題答案：B;upperend

【解析】考查詞義。higherend意為“高端”，表示等級(jí)、檔次等較高的；upperend意為“上端”，

theupperendgovernment-setband此處表示“政府設(shè)置的上線值”。

11.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonyourAnswerSheet.

IntheU.S.,citizenstendtorelyonelectronicmediasuchasTVratherthanprintmedia.TVnewstendstoprovidenumerousvisualsandabbreviatedtextualinformation.(1)AlthoughTVnewsstoriespitch“on-the-scenereporting”,andothereye-catchingimagestoviewers,theactualstoriesaregenerallysobriefthatwerethereportstranscribedintonewspapercopy,nosinglestorywouldhaveenoughtexttocoverathirdofapage.Itisremarkabletoconsiderhowlittleinformationisconveyedbetweenalltheexcitingvisuals.(2)Itisalsoremarkabletostopandthinkabouthowinadequatelyinformedcitizensmaybeiftheirprimarysourceofpoliticalknowledgeisthepicture-richanddata-poorTVeveningnews.

Moreover,becauseU.S.mediacompaniesareprimarilyprivatelyowned,(3)mediaprofessionalsareunderpres