考研考博-英語-哈爾濱科學(xué)技術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-哈爾濱科學(xué)技術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Asthegreatlowebbofhightechsweepsthroughtheworldofonlinecommerce,twokindsofsitesareweatheringthestorm.Thefirstgroupisoftenreferredtoas“clicksandmortar”，onlineextensionsofstoreslikeWal-MartorSears.Theytakeanexisting,traditionalbusinessandextenditintotheonlinearena.ThesecondgroupprovidesauniqueservicemadepossiblebytheInternet’sspecialcharacteristics.Jobsitesandonlineauctioneere-BayarebothgoodexamplesofthenewbreedofbusinessthatprovidesthattheInternetcontinuestofoster.

Cisoneofthelattergroups.It’sawebsitethatprovidesuserswithonlinestoreswheretheycansellshirts,mugs,andmousepadscustomizedwiththeirownlogosand/orslogans.Byitself,thisisafairlyusefulservice,andanexampleofhowtheInternethaschangedtheartofmarketingandcustomerservice.

Cafepress.Com，however,isremarkableforanotherreason.Customersdon’tneedtotalktoanotherhumanbeingtogettheirstore“built”inthefirstplace.Thesiteletsyouuploadanimageandchoosewhatsortofitemyou’dlikeittoappearon.Youcanthenchoosehowmuchtomarktheitemupthedifferencebetweentheitem’sbasecostandyourmark-uppriceisyourprofit.

Basepricesarehigh,butunderstandablewhenyouconsiderwhatdoesfortheinitialinvestment.Aneleven-ouncemugstartsat$10.99.Forthat,printsthemugonapiece-by-piecebasis,providestheorderingsoftware,handlesthemoney,packsit,andshipsitforyou.Themug’spurchaserpaysshippingandhandlingcosts;thestoreowner’seffortislimitedtouploadingtheoriginalimageforthemug,settingthecost,andwritingabriefdescriptionoftheitem.

Itseemstobecatchingon.“Moreandmorecompaniescometous,whowanttodosomekindofmerchandising,whowanttoofferarangeofproductstotheirusers,butdon’twantthehasslesassociatedwithit.”saysMaheeshJain,C’sco-founderand

vice-president.“That’swherewecomein—we9reoneofthefewcompaniesthatofferthiskindoffull-servicesolution.”

Butthemostexcitingaspectofisnotitsabilitytohelpmajorcorporationsoutsourceandcustomizetheirmerchandisingefforts.What’sremarkableaboutthesystemishowsimpleitistoopenastore.Anaverageindividualwithanideathatcouldsell50T-shirtsormugscan’tjustifytraditionalmerchandisingefforts,butwith,userscaneasilybringideastofruitionwithverylittletimeandnofinancialrisk.Moreover,thequalityofthemerchandisingisgood;I’veorderamugandashirtfrom,andbothwereshippedrelativelypromptly,andarrivedexactlyaspromised.

Cisanideathat’seasytogetexcitedabout.It’sasmall—buttangible—exampleofhowtheInternetcanchangethewaywelive.

1.Theexpression“weatheringthestorm’’inthefirstsentencemeans（

）.

2.Thefirstkindofsitediffersfromthesecondkindofsiteinthat（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingaboutCisNOTtrue?

4.WhatkindsofCustomersneedCmostaccordingtoitsvice-president?

5.Thosethathaveproblemkeepingtheircommoditiesmoving.WhatisthemostoutstandingaspectaboutCaccordingtotheauthor?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.survivingacrisis

B.comingintobeing

C.strugglinginthestorm

D.beingdominatedbyastormyhightechwave

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thefirstkindsellscommoditieswhilethesecondoffersservice.

B.thefirstkindextendsitemssoldbeyondthetraditionalcategories.

C.thesecondkindisrisingwhilethefirstkindisdecliningintheworldofonlinecommerce.

D.thesecondkindoffersuntraditionaljobspeopleexperiencedinauctioning.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itscustomersarethosewhosellthingsratherthanbuythings.

B.It,alongwithsimilarsites,haschangedthetraditionalwayofmarketing.

C.Itkeepsitsprofittoaminimuminordertoattractonlinecustomers.

D.Itsusersdon’thavetotransacttheitemstobesoldface-to-facewiththeircustomers.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thosewhosellagreatvarietyofitems.

B.Thosewhosellunconventionalcommodities.

C.Thosewhowanttoavoidthetroubleofnegotiatingwithclients.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thehelpitoffersmajorcompaniesinmarketingtheircommodities.

B.Theconveniencesitgivestocompaniesinsellingtheircommodities.

C.Thehighqualityofthemerchandiseitofferstocustomers.

D.Thespeedandsecurityitoffersuserstoputtheirideasintopractice.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.語義題。Weatherthestorm應(yīng)該指:安全度過高新技術(shù)巨大的衰退浪潮。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出:第一類網(wǎng)站通常被稱作“點(diǎn)擊井涂抹”----比如Walmart或Sears（兩個(gè)連鎖零售商的名字）”這樣的商店擴(kuò)大到網(wǎng)上銷售；第二類充分利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的特點(diǎn)，提供一種獨(dú)特的服務(wù),故選A項(xiàng)(第一種是銷售商品，第二種是提供服務(wù))。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題?？墒褂门懦?。根據(jù)第二段第二句可排除A項(xiàng),根據(jù)本段最后一句可排除B項(xiàng),根據(jù)第三段第三句可排除D項(xiàng)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。第五段第二句說:該公司的副總裁說，越來越多的公司來找我們，他們想銷售貨物，有一系列的貨物要賣，但想省去爭(zhēng)論的麻煩。故選C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。第六段首句提到，C最令人興奮的一點(diǎn)不是它促進(jìn)了一些大公司的產(chǎn)品銷售，它最突出的特點(diǎn)是使開一個(gè)商店變得非常簡(jiǎn)單。因此D項(xiàng)(它為用戶提供了將其想法付諸實(shí)踐的速度和安全性)正確。

2.單選題

IthinkthatIcommitteda（

）inaskingherbecausesheseemedveryupsetbymyquestion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.blunder

B.revenge

C.reproach

D.scandal

【答案】A

【解析】blunder大錯(cuò)，愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤；revenge報(bào)復(fù)，復(fù)仇；reproach責(zé)備，恥辱；scandal丑聞，流言蜚語。句意：我認(rèn)為我在問她的時(shí)候犯了一個(gè)大錯(cuò)，因?yàn)樗坪醣晃业膯栴}弄得很心煩。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

3.單選題

Ifyouwanttogetintothattunnel,youfirsthaveto____awayalltherocks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.haul

B.transfer

C.repel

D.dispose

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.haul（用力）拖；拉；拽B.transfer（使）轉(zhuǎn)移；搬遷

C.repel擊退；驅(qū)逐D.dispose排列；布置；安排

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：如果你想進(jìn)入隧道，你必須先……所有的巖石。根據(jù)句意，進(jìn)入隧道前要把阻擋的巖石移走。因此選A選項(xiàng)正確，表示用力拖走巖石。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)transfer“（使）轉(zhuǎn)移；搬遷”，多指到新地方，到新的工作、學(xué)校、環(huán)境；該選項(xiàng)不符合語境；

C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】如果你想進(jìn)入隧道，你首先得把所有的石頭都拖走。

4.單選題

Thelosingcandidate________immediatelyafterthepollshadclosed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confessed

B.conceded

C.concurred

D.admitted

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。confessed“承認(rèn)，認(rèn)罪”；conceded“承認(rèn)，坦白”；concurred“同意”；admitted“承認(rèn)”。句意：投票選舉結(jié)束后，輸?shù)舻暮蜻x人立即坦白承認(rèn)了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.單選題

It’stime（

）aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.somethingwasdone

B.everythingisdone

C.anythingwillbedone

D.nothingtobedone

【答案】A

【解析】考查it’stime的用法。It’stimesbdidsth,虛擬語氣，動(dòng)詞的形式是一般過去時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。句意：是時(shí)候采取措施來緩解城市的交通問題了。

6.單選題

Thepolicehaveofferedalarge（

）forinformationleadingtotherobber’sarrest.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.award

B.compensation

C.prize

D.reward

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:為抓捕逃犯提供信息，警方將高額賞金。

award獎(jiǎng)金，獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，通常與一段時(shí)間的成績(jī)和表現(xiàn)相關(guān)；compensation補(bǔ)償，賠償，一般與損失相關(guān)；prize獎(jiǎng)賞，獎(jiǎng)金，一般與競(jìng)賽或比賽相關(guān)；reward報(bào)酬，獎(jiǎng)賞，一般與勞動(dòng)、服務(wù)、支持和幫助相關(guān)。

7.單選題

Becauseofadverseweatherconditions,thetravelersstoppedtocamp.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.local

B.unfamiliar

C.good

D.unfavorable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。adverse“不利的；相反的；敵對(duì)的”；A選項(xiàng)“l(fā)ocal當(dāng)?shù)氐?；局部的；地方性的”；B選項(xiàng)unfamiliar“不熟悉的；不常見的”；C選項(xiàng)good“好的；優(yōu)良的；愉快的”；D選項(xiàng)unfavorable“不利的；令人不快的；不順利的”。句意：由于天氣條件惡劣，旅行者們停下來露營。根據(jù)句中“thetravelersstoppedtocamp這些旅客停下了去扎營”可知adverse在這里的意思為“不利的”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

WhenhewontheprestigiousCulturalPrizeinGermanyin1994,“itwasreportednowhereinBritain,”hesays,soundingratherpiqued.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.annoyed

B.satisfied

C.excited

D.humiliated

【答案】A

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)annoyed“惱怒的，煩悶的”；B選項(xiàng)satisfied“感到滿意的”；C選項(xiàng)excited“興奮的，激動(dòng)的，活躍的”；D選項(xiàng)humiliated“蒙羞的，感到自慚的”。句意：當(dāng)他1994年在德國獲得享有盛譽(yù)的文化獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，“英國沒有任何報(bào)道，”他說，聽起來相當(dāng)憤怒。Piqued“賭氣的，不滿的，激怒的”，A選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

當(dāng)科學(xué)家希望用一種聲音說話時(shí)，他們往往會(huì)采用一種非常不科學(xué)的方式：共識(shí)報(bào)告。其理念是：將多個(gè)專家的知識(shí)濃縮為一種能夠解決爭(zhēng)議、幫助制定政策的單一看法，但是達(dá)成這種共識(shí)往往違背這些目標(biāo)，并且會(huì)削弱其本欲凸顯的權(quán)威。專家小組開始會(huì)提出許多有價(jià)值的原理和建議。然而，形成專家共識(shí)的討論確實(shí)在“政治”上的共通性大于其在“科學(xué)”上的相同之處。

【答案】Whenscientistswanttospeakwithonevoice,theytendtodosoinaveryunscientificway:consensusreport.Theideaistocondensetheknowledgeofmultipleexpertsintoasingleviewthatcanresolvedisputesandhelppolicymaking.Butreachingsuchaconsensusoftendefeatsthosegoalsandunderminestheauthority.Thepanelwillbeginwithmanyvaluableprinciplesandsuggestions.However,thediscussionsthatformexpertconsensusdohavemoreintercommunitywith“politics”thanwith“science”.

10.填空題

InmanyAmericanuniversitiesthetotalworkforadegreeconsistsofthirty-sixcourses,eachlastsforonesemester.Whileattendingauniversityastudentwillprobablyattendfourorfivecoursesduring

eachsemester.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Blasts改為lasting

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】非謂語動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子中的逗號(hào)，可知eachlastsforonesemester不是完整獨(dú)立的句子，動(dòng)詞last應(yīng)該用非謂語動(dòng)詞，這部分對(duì)thirty-sixcourses進(jìn)行修飾，指的是這36門課程的每一門課程持續(xù)一個(gè)學(xué)期，each和last是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞表示，因此B部分應(yīng)為lasting。

【句意】在美國的許多大學(xué)，獲得學(xué)位全部需要學(xué)習(xí)的有36門課程，每門課程持續(xù)一個(gè)學(xué)期。上大學(xué)的時(shí)候，學(xué)生每學(xué)期可能要上四、五門課。

11.單選題

Someresearchersfeelthatcertainpeoplehavenervoussystemsparticularly（

）tohot,drywinds.Theyarewhatwecallweathersensitivepeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.subjective

B.subordinate

C.liable

D.vulnerable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。subjective主觀的，個(gè)人的；subordinate從屬的，次要的；liable有…傾向的，易…的；vulnerable易受…影響的。句意：一些研究人員意識(shí)到某些人的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)特別易受干燥的熱風(fēng)的影響，我們稱這些人為天氣敏感癥患者。由weathersensitivepeople可知空格處所填單詞應(yīng)與sensitive意思一致，具有“易受……影響的”意思，故答案D

12.單選題

Somecinema-goersinLeipzigevenconfessedthatthefilmhadmadethemfeelemotionalandslightly（

）fortheirrecentpast.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nostalgic

B.instinctive

C.intuitive

D.mirthful

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“鄉(xiāng)愁的，懷舊的”；B選項(xiàng)“本能的，天生的，直覺的”;C選項(xiàng)“直覺的”;D選項(xiàng)“愉快的，高興的”；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞emotional和theirrecentpast以及句意‘萊比錫的一些電影觀眾甚至承認(rèn)，這部電影觸動(dòng)了他們的情感，有點(diǎn)懷念他們的過去’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Workersinthefinearts（

）thoughtsandfeelingsthroughtheircreativeworks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transmit

B.elaborate

C.convey

D.contribute

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)transmit表示“傳輸”；B項(xiàng)elaborate表示“精心制作，詳細(xì)描述”；C項(xiàng)convey表示“傳達(dá)”；D項(xiàng)contribute表示“貢獻(xiàn)”。根據(jù)句意可知，精細(xì)工藝的工人通過有創(chuàng)造性的作品來思想和感情。因此，本題選擇C項(xiàng)最符合句意。

14.單選題

Producingelastinthroughchemicalsynthesisisatediousprocessconsuming______threemonths.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thebetterhalfof

B.forthebetterof

C.allthebetterfor

D.thebetterpartof

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)thebetterhalfof在英語中不存在；英語中只用your(my)betterhalf，意為“你的（我的）丈夫或妻子”；B選項(xiàng)forthebetterof“為了……更好”；C選項(xiàng)allthebetterfor意為“就更好了，反而更好”；D選項(xiàng)thebetterpartof意為“大部分”，與一個(gè)時(shí)間名詞搭配，指“那段時(shí)間中的大部分”。句意：通過化學(xué)合成來生產(chǎn)彈性硬蛋白差不多需要三個(gè)月的時(shí)間。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Iregret___somuchtimeandmoneyonstamps.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.towaste

B.forwasting

C.havingwasted

D.atwasting

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。waste表示“浪費(fèi)，濫用；消耗；使荒蕪”，regretdoing“對(duì)做過的事表示遺憾、后悔”。句意：我___在郵票上浪費(fèi)了那么多時(shí)間和金錢。本句表達(dá)“后悔已經(jīng)在郵票上浪費(fèi)那么多錢和時(shí)間”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Inthesummerof1978anEnglishfarmernamedIanStevenswasdrivinghistractorthroughafieldofwheatwhenhediscoveredsomethingstrange.Someofhiswheatwaslyingflatontheground.Theflattenedwheatformedacircleaboutsixmetersacross.Aroundthiscirclewerefoursmallercirclesofflattenedwheat.Inthefollowingyearsmoreandmoresimilarcircleswerefoundinafieldofwheatorcorn.Sopeoplecannothelpbutaskthequestion:Whatcausesthecircles?

Atfirst,peoplesuspectedthatthecircleswereatrick.Toprovethatthecircleswereatrickpeopletriedtocopythem:theytriedtomakecirclesexactlyliketheonesthefarmershadfound.Theycouldn’tdoit.Theycouldn’tenterafieldofgrainwithoutleavingtracks,andtheycouldn’tflattenthegrainwithoutbreakingit.Thecirclesareapparentlynotatrick.Manypeoplebelievethatbeingsfromouterspacearemakingthecircles.Somethinkthatthebeingsaretryingtocommunicatewithusfromfarawayandthatthecirclesaremessagesfromthem.Othersbelievethatthebeingshaveactuallylandedonearthandthatthecirclesaremarkleftbytheirspaceships.Severaltimespeoplereportedseeingstrangeflyingobjectsnearfield,wherecircleslaterappeared.

Scientistssaythey’renotsurewhatcausesthem.Theyhavesuggestedseveraltheories.Forexample,somescientistssaythat“microburst’s”ofwindcreatedthecircles.Amicroburstisadownwardrushofcoolairthesamedownwardrushofairthatsometimescausesanairplanetocrash.Othersscientistssaythatforceswithintheearthcausethecirclestoappear.Butcirclesoftenappearinforms.Itishardtobelievethatanynaturalforcecouldcreatethoseforms.Andrecentlyfarmershavediscoverednotonlycirclesbutalsoothershapessuchastrianglesintheirfields.Couldanynaturalforcecreatedaperfecttriangleinafieldofgrain?

Inthesummerof1990somescientistsspentthreeweeksinthepartofEnglandwheremanycircleshaveappeared.Theyhadallthelatesthigh-techequipment.Thisequipmentworth1.8milliondollarsrecordednothing.Butonenight,asthescientistswerewatchingafieldcirclesformedinthefieldbehindthem.Thesecirclesareshowninthephotograph.Thescientistshadneitherseennorheardanything.

1.Whatcausesthecircles?

2.Thethingthatprovesthatthecircleswerenotatrickisthat（）.

3.Thecirclesmean（）.

4.Theonlythingforthescientiststobehappyaboutinthesummerof1990ispossibly（）.

5.Apropertitleforthispassageis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Teenagers

B.Farmers

C.Flyingobjects

D.Noneoftheabove

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.twomensaidtheymadethecirclesthemselves

B.farmersweremakingthecirclestoattracttourists

C.peoplecannotcopythecircleswithoutleavingmarksorbreakingthegrain

D.scientistssuggesttheoriesthatsupporttheideathatcirclesweremadebynaturalforces

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thatbeingsfromouterspacearetryingtocommunicatewithhumanbeings

B.thatbeingsfromouterspacehavevisitedtheearth

C.thattheredoexiststrangeflyingobjects

D.noneoftheabove

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thattheydiscoveredhowthecirclesweremade

B.thattheysawthecircleswiththehelpofthelatesthigh-techequipment

C.thattheywereabletoshowthecirclesinaphotograph

D.noneoftheabove

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.AnUnsolvedMystery

B.StrangeFlyingObjects

C.ThePowerofNaturalForces

D.TheDiscoveryofStrangeCircles

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干問什么東西導(dǎo)致了這些圈圈？我們定位到倒數(shù)第二段的第一句話Scientistssaythey’renotsurewhatcausesthem.（科學(xué)家表示，他們不確定是什么導(dǎo)致了這種情況。）從這句話我們可以得出，科學(xué)家們目前也并不知道是什么導(dǎo)致了這些怪圈，其他的都只是猜測(cè)，因此答案為D；A選項(xiàng)“青少年”，B選項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民”，C選項(xiàng)“飛行物”，這些都是人們的猜測(cè)。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干問是什么證實(shí)了這些圈圈并不是一個(gè)惡作??？根據(jù)第二段第一句話Atfirst,peoplesuspectedthatthecircleswereatrick.Toprovethatthecircleswereatrickpeopletriedtocopythem（起初，人們懷疑這些圓圈是騙人的。為了證明這些圓圈是騙人的，人們?cè)噲D模仿它們）我們可以得出答案是C選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)男人說是他們制造了這個(gè)圈”，B選項(xiàng)“農(nóng)民們做了這個(gè)圈去吸引游客”，D選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家認(rèn)為理論支持這些圈是由自然力量完成的”。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“這些圓圈意味著來自外太空的生物正試圖與人類交流”，B選項(xiàng)“這些圓圈意味著來自外太空的生物已經(jīng)訪問過地球”，C選項(xiàng)“這些圓圈意味著確實(shí)存在奇怪的飛行物”，D選項(xiàng)“以上都不對(duì)”；題干問這些圈圈意味著什么。根據(jù)題干我們可以定位到第二段，第二段說了Manypeoplebelievethatbeingsfromouterspacearemakingthecircles.Somethinkthatthebeingsaretryingtocommunicatewithusfromfarawayandthatthecirclesaremessagesfromthem.Othersbelievethatthebeingshaveactuallylandedonearthandthatthecirclesaremarkleftbytheirspaceships.（許多人相信是外太空的生物制造了這些圓圈。一些人認(rèn)為外太空的生物試圖與我們交流，而這些圓圈是他們的信息。其他人相信存在實(shí)際上已經(jīng)登陸地球的生物和圓圈是他們的宇宙飛船留下的印記。）但是這些都是人們的推測(cè)，目前科學(xué)家并沒有給出明確的結(jié)論，因此A、B、C都不對(duì)，答案為D。

4.判斷推理題。題干問科學(xué)家們?cè)?990年夏天唯一感到高興的事情可能是？C選項(xiàng)“他們能夠在照片上顯示圓圈”，根據(jù)題干我們定位到倒數(shù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句話：Thesecirclesareshowninthephotograph.（這些圓圈如照片所示。）可以得出，他們開心的事是C，他們能夠在照片上顯示圓圈。A選項(xiàng)“他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些圓圈是如何形成的”，B選項(xiàng)“他們借助最新的高科技設(shè)備看到了這些圓圈”，D選項(xiàng)“以上都不對(duì)”。

5.文章標(biāo)題題。題干讓我們給文章找一個(gè)合適的標(biāo)題。A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)未解之謎”，B選項(xiàng)“奇怪的飛行物”，C選項(xiàng)“自然的力量”，D“奇怪的圈圈的發(fā)現(xiàn)”，根據(jù)全文我們知道，這個(gè)怪圈的謎底我們到目前都沒有解開，因此它是一個(gè)未解之謎，D選項(xiàng)過于淺顯，不能總結(jié)全文的含義，因此答案為A。

17.單選題

Thefindingspaintauniquepictureoftheshoppinghabitsofcustomers,plustheirmotivationand（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.privileges

B.possibilities

C.possessions

D.preferences

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。privilege“特權(quán)”；possibility“可能性”；possession“擁有，財(cái)產(chǎn)”；preference“偏愛，優(yōu)先權(quán)”。句意：調(diào)查結(jié)果描繪了一幅關(guān)于顧客購物習(xí)慣的獨(dú)特畫面，以及他們的動(dòng)機(jī)和偏好。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Theteacherofreadingisinvolved,whetherthisisconsciouslyrealizedornot,inthedevelopmentofaliteratesociety.Andeveryteacher,（1）,needstodeterminewhatlevelofliteracyis（2）bysociety,whatroleheorsheshouldtakein（3）thedesiredstandardofliteracy,andwhattheimplicationsofliteracyareinaworldcontext.

TheUnescoreportpresentsaworld（4）ofliteracy.Toooftenwelimitourthoughtstothe（5）smallproportionofilliteratesinourowncountryandfailtoseeitinitsinternational（6）.

Theproblems（7）developingnationsarealsofacingindustrializednations.Literacy,asthereportpointsout,is“inextricablyintertwinedwithotheraspectsofnationaldevelopment”,(and)…nationaldevelopmentasawholeisbound（8）withtheworldcontext.Literacyisnotaby-productofsocialandeconomicaldevelopment—itisa（9）ofthatdevelopment.Literacycanhelppeopletofunctionmoreeffectivelyinachanging（10）andideallywillenabletheindividualtochangetheenvironmentsothatitfunctionsmoreeffectively.

Literacyprogammes（11）indifferentcountrieshavetakenandaretakingdifferent（12）totheproblem:forexampletheinvolvementofvoluntarynon-governmentalorganizations,which（13）theimportanceofseeingliteracynotasaconditionimposedonpeoplebutasaconsequenceofactiveparticipation（14）society.Peoplecanlearnfromtheattemptsofothercountriestoprovideas（15）“l(fā)iteracyenvironment”.

Whoarethe“illiterates”andhowdowedefinethem?Atwhatpointdowedecidethatilliteracyendsandliteracybegins?RobertHillerich（16）thesequestions.Anilliterate,hefinds,“maymeananythingfromonewhohasnoformalschoolingtoonewhohasattendedfouryearsorless,toonewhoisunabletoreadorwriteatthelevelnecessaryto（17）successfullyinhissocialposition.”Literacy,hepointsout,isnotsomethingoneeitherhasorhasnotgot:“Anydefinitionofliteracymustrecognizethisqualityasacontinuum,representingall（18）ofdevelopment.”

Aneducationaldefinition—ermsofgradescompletedorskillsmastered—isshowntobeinadequatein（19）educationallydefinedmasterymaybearonlyminimalrelationtothelanguageproficiencyneededincopingwithenvironmentaldemands.Fromasociological/economicviewpointtheliteracyneedsofindividualsvarygreatly,andanydefinitionmustrecognizetheneedsoftheindividualtoengageeffectivelyandtoact（20）responsibleparticipation.

Suchabroadeneddefinitionexcludesassessmentbasedona“reading-leveltype”;

assessmentmust,rather,beflexibletofitbothpurposeandpopulation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.inaddition

C.however

D.nevertheless

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.asked

B.known

C.demanded

D.obtained

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.achieving

B.getting

C.fulfilling

D.accomplishing

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.opinion

B.idea

C.point

D.view

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.relatively

B.particularly

C.possibly

D.definitely

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.situation

B.context

C.environment

D.atmosphere

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.facing

B.confronting

C.encountering

D.meeting

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.in

C.up

D.across

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.component

B.element

C.ingredient

D.factor

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.tendency

B.environment

C.inclination

D.development

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.instituted

B.rooted

C.deprived

D.revealed

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.ways

B.methods

C.approaches

D.means

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.underlines

B.indicates

C.implies

D.understates

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.into

B.within

C.in

D.inside

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.adequate

B.abundant

C.over

D.plenty

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.demands

B.addresses

C.remains

D.maintains

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.perform

B.do

C.participate

D.anticipate

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.extents

B.forms

C.degrees

D.standards

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.such

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.for

C.against

D.with

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:B

第11題:A

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:B

第15題:A

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:C

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】1.考查邏輯連詞辨析。therefore因此；inaddition此外；however然而；nevertheless然而，不過。句子前后構(gòu)成明顯的因果關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

2.

考查動(dòng)詞辨析?！癮sked”詢問；“known”了解；“demanded”需求；“obtained”獲得。句意：因此，每一位老師需要決定社會(huì)需要何種水平的讀寫能力。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

3.

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。achieving實(shí)現(xiàn)；getting獲得；fulfilling履行；實(shí)現(xiàn)；滿足；accomplishing完成；實(shí)現(xiàn)；達(dá)到。句意：在完成讀寫能力需求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)，他/她需要扮演何種角色。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.

考查名詞辨析。opinion觀點(diǎn)；idea想法；point論點(diǎn)；view景象。句意：聯(lián)合國教科文組織的報(bào)告呈現(xiàn)出讀寫能力的世界景象。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

5.

考查副詞辨析?！皉elatively”相對(duì)地；“particularly”尤其，特別；“possibly”可能地；“definitely”肯定地。句意：我們常常將我們的想法限制到自己國家占比相對(duì)較小的文盲身上。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

6.

考查名詞辨析。situation情況，情形；context背景；environment環(huán)境；atmosphere氛圍。句意：從而不能從整個(gè)國際大背景中去看待它。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

7.

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。facing面對(duì)；confronting遭遇；比較；encountering遭遇；偶然相遇；meeting會(huì)面，見面。句意：發(fā)展中國家面臨的問題同樣也是工業(yè)化國家正面臨的問題。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.

考查固定搭配?！癰eboundupwith”密切相關(guān)；與……緊緊連在一起。句意：從整體上來看，國家發(fā)展與世界環(huán)境緊密相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

9.考查名詞辨析。component組成部分；成分；組件，元件；element元素；要素；原理；ingredient原料；要素；factor因素；要素；句意：讀寫能力不是社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的附帶品，而是其組成部分。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

10.

考查名詞辨析。“tendency”趨勢(shì)；“environment”環(huán)境；“inclination”傾向；“development”發(fā)展。句意：讀寫能力能夠幫助人們?cè)谌招略庐惖沫h(huán)境中更加有效地工作。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

11.

考查固定搭配。“institutein”在……方面實(shí)行。句意：在不同國家實(shí)行的讀寫能力項(xiàng)目……。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

12.

考查名詞辨析。ways道路，方式；methods方法，方式；approaches處理方法；means手段。句意：……已經(jīng)采取或者正在采取不同的方法來解決這一問題。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

13.

考查動(dòng)詞辨析?！皍nderlines”強(qiáng)調(diào)；“indicates”顯示；“implies”暗示，表明；“understates”保守地說。句意：它強(qiáng)調(diào)不將讀寫能力視為一種給人們的強(qiáng)加條件的重要性。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.

考查介詞辨析。into進(jìn)入；within在……之內(nèi)；in在……里面；inside在里面。句意：而將其視為積極參與社會(huì)的結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

15.

考查形容詞辨析?！癮dequate”適當(dāng)?shù)模弧癮bundant”充足的，大量的；“over”超過；“plenty”許多的。句意：……適當(dāng)?shù)淖x寫環(huán)境。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

16.

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。“demand”要求；“address”處理；“remain”保持；“maintain”維持。句意：羅伯特處理了這些問題。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

17.

考查動(dòng)詞辨析?！皃erform”表現(xiàn)；“do”做；“participate”參與；“anticipate”預(yù)期。句意：在其社會(huì)地位中成功表現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

18.

考查名詞辨析。extents范圍；forms形式；degrees程度；standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。句意：展現(xiàn)出其發(fā)展的所有程度。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

19.

考查關(guān)系詞辨析。inthat既然，因?yàn)?。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

20.

考查介詞辨析。in在……里面；for為了……；against反對(duì)；違反；with和……；“actwith”，以……方式行事。句意：以負(fù)責(zé)任的參與方式行事。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

19.單選題

Inanenvironmentallyconscioustweakonthetypicalwayofgettingfoodtothetable,growingnumbersofpeopleareskippingoutongrocerystoresandevenfarmersmarketsandinsteadgoingrighttothesourcebybuyingsharesoffarms.

Ononeofthefarms,hereabout35mileswestofChicago,SteveTriskowasweedingbeetstheotherdayandcuttingbackashadetreesobabytomatoescouldgetsunlight.Mr.Triskoisaretiredcomputerconsultantwhoownssharesinthefour-acreErehwonFarm.

“Wedecidedthatit’sinourinteresttohaveasmallfarmsucceed,andhavethembeabletohaveasustainablefarmproducinggoodfood,”Mr.Triskosaid.

PartofaloosebutgrowingnetworkmostlymobilizedontheInternet,Erehwonisparticipatinginwhatisknownascommunity-supportedagriculture.About150peoplehaveboughtsharesinErehwon—inessence,hiringpersonalfarmersandturningtheoldnotionofsharecroppingonitshead.

TheconceptwasimportedfromEuropeandAsiainthe1980sasanalternativemarketingandfinancingarrangementtohelpcombattheoftenprohibitivecostsofsmall-scalefarming.Butuntilrecently,itwasslowtotakeroot.Therewerefewerthan100suchfarmsintheearly1990s,butinthelastseveralyearsthenumbershavegrowntocloseto1,500,accordingtoacademicexpertswhohavefollowedthetrend.

“Ithinkpeoplearebecomingmorelocal-minded,andthisfitsrightintothat,”saidNicholeD.Nazelrod,programcoordinatorattheFultonCenterforSustainableLivingatWilsonCollegeinChambersburg,Pa.,anationalclearinghouseforcommunity-supportedfarms.“Peopleareseeingwaystocometogetherandworktogethertomakethissuccessful.”

TheshareholdersofErehwonFarmhaveopenaccesstothelandandaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetablesforpackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900.Arrangementsoffresh-cutblossomstwiceamonthcanbeincludedforanextra$120—orforthedeluxepackage,$220will“feedthesoul”withweeklybouquetsofliliesandsunflowersandotherlocalblooms.

Shareholdersarenotrequiredtoworkthefields,buttheycaniftheywant,andmanydo.Mr.Triskosaidhisfamilyknowsthatwithouthisvolunteerlaborandagreementtoshareinthefinancialriskofraisingcrops,thesmallorganicfarmmightnotsurvive.“It’sveryhardforthemtomakeendsmeet,”hesaid,“soIdecidedtogooutandhelp.Weharvest,water,pullweeds,whatevertheyneeddoing.”

Erehwon—theword“nowhere”spelledbackward—startedwithtwoshareholders,reacheditsgoalof140lastyear,andnowhasraiseditstargettoabout200members.

1.Accordingtothepassage,growingnumbersofpeoplebuysharesoffarmsbecausethey（）.

2.ErehwonFarmdiffersfromthetraditionalfarmsinthatitis（）.

3.Wemayinferfromthepassagethatcommunity-sponsoredfarm（）.

4.TheaverageshareholdersofErehwonFarmareentitledto（）.

5.ItisimpliedthatErehwonFarm（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.areconsciousofenvironmentalproblems

B.abandonthetypicalwayofgettingfoodtothetable

C.nolongerdependongrocerystoresandfarmersmarkets

D.liketogrowvegetablesthemselvesinthesuburbanfarms

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.verysmall

B.veryefficient

C.community-supportedagriculture

D.sharedbypeoplefromdifferentplaces

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.isanewconceptemergingintheU.S.A

B.hastocombatwithsmall-scalefarming

C.isgraduallytakingshapeinAmericanagriculture

D.isverypopularasboomingagricultureintheU.S.A

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.cometogetherandworktogetheronthefarm

B.getaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetables

C.enjoypackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900

D.buy$120-$220fresh-cutblossomstwiceamonth

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.comesfromthebackwardspelledword“nowhere”

B.isafictionalnameandthereisnosuchafarmintheU.S.A

C.it’sveryhardtosurviveowingtoitssmallsize

D.developssoundly,inspiteofitsfinancialdifficulties

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第一自然段的內(nèi)容“環(huán)保意識(shí)改變了將食物端上桌的傳統(tǒng)方式，相反，越來越多的人轉(zhuǎn)向了雜貨店甚至農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)，通過購買農(nóng)場(chǎng)的股份來直接獲取來源。”由此可知，越來越多的人買農(nóng)場(chǎng)股份是受到環(huán)保意識(shí)的影響，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“PartofaloosebutgrowingnetworkmostlymobilizedontheInternet,Erehwonisparticipatinginwhatisknownascommunity-supportedagriculture.Erehwon是松散卻不斷壯大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)的一部分，主要通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)動(dòng)員起來，他參與的是所謂的社區(qū)支持農(nóng)業(yè)?！币约氨径巫詈笠痪洹癷nessence,hiringpersonalfarmersandturningtheoldnotionofsharecroppingonitshead.從本質(zhì)上說，就是雇傭私人農(nóng)場(chǎng)主，顛覆舊的佃農(nóng)制度?！庇纱丝芍?，Erehwon農(nóng)場(chǎng)和傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)場(chǎng)的不同之處在于它是社區(qū)支持的農(nóng)業(yè)，選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第五段第一句“TheconceptwasimportedfromEuropeandAsiainthe1980sasanalternativemarketingandfinancingarrangementtohelpcombattheoftenprohibitivecostsofsmall-scalefarming.這一概念是在20世紀(jì)80年代從歐洲和亞洲引進(jìn)的，作為一種替代性的銷售和籌資安排，來幫助克服小規(guī)模農(nóng)業(yè)通常高昂的費(fèi)用?！庇纱丝芍@不是一個(gè)新的概念，而且是來幫助而不是來和小規(guī)模農(nóng)場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的，所以選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)B均表述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)本段第二句“Butuntilrecently,itwasslowtotakeroot.但直到最近，它才慢慢生根發(fā)芽”可知，這一概念剛剛生根發(fā)芽，還沒有初步成形，所以選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)本段最后一句的內(nèi)容可知，像Erehwon這樣的農(nóng)場(chǎng)由以前的不到100家到現(xiàn)在增長(zhǎng)到接近1500家，說明社區(qū)支持的農(nóng)業(yè)在美國蓬勃發(fā)展的農(nóng)業(yè)非常受歡迎。所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的第一句“TheshareholdersofErehwonFarmhaveopenaccesstothelandandaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetablesforpackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900.ErehwonFarm的股東可以自由使用土地，并保證獲得當(dāng)季水果和蔬菜收成的一定比例，金額從300美元到900美元不等?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。選項(xiàng)A目前還沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)；選項(xiàng)C曲解了原文的意思；選項(xiàng)D不是普通股東享有的權(quán)利，所以只有