考研考博-英語-四川機電職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川機電職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Themountainpeakis（）onthehorizon.

問題1選項

A.straddling

B.overlooking

C.towering

D.dominant

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。straddling“跨坐”；overlooking“俯瞰”；towering“高聳的，超越的”，側(cè)重于與周圍環(huán)境形成比較；dominant“占優(yōu)勢的，顯性的”，bedominanton“占主導”。句意：山頂聳立在地平線上。題目中山峰沒有和周圍環(huán)境形成比較，在地平線上最顯眼。選項D符合題意。

2.單選題

Itisnowbelievedthatthedramaticchangesinfamilystructure,thoughregrettable,areimpossibletoreverse.

問題1選項

A.sensational

B.emotional

C.horrible

D.striking

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項sensational“轟動的；聳人聽聞的；非常好的；使人感動的”；B選項emotional“情緒的；易激動的；感動人的”；C選項horrible“可怕的；極討厭的”；D選項striking“顯著的，突出的，驚人的；打擊的；罷工的”。句意：人們現(xiàn)在認為，家庭結(jié)構(gòu)的顯著變化雖然令人遺憾，但是不可能逆轉(zhuǎn)的。本句關(guān)鍵詞dramatic表示“巨大的；急劇的；引人注目的；令人激動的；戲劇的”，在句中可和striking（顯著的）做同義替換；因此D選項正確。

3.單選題

Aspeoplecontinuetogrowandage,ourbodysystemscontinuetochange.Atacertainpointinyourlife,yourbodysystembegantoweaken.Yourjointmaybecomestiff.Itmaybecomemoredifficultforyoutoseeandhear.Theslowchangeofagingcausesourbodiestolosesomeoftheirabilitytobouncebackfromdiseaseandinjury.Inordertolivelonger,wehavealwaystriedtosloworstopthisprocessthatleadsustowardtheendofourlives.

Manyfactorscontributetoyourhealth.Awell-balanceddietplaysanimportantrole.Theamountandtypeofexercisesyougetisanotherfactor.Yourlivingenvironmentandtheamountofstressyouareunderisyetanother.Butscientistsstudyingsenescencewanttoknow:Whydopeoplegrowold?Theyhopethatbyexaminingtheagingprocessonacellularlevelmedicalsciencemaybeabletoextendthelengthoflife.

Thereisnothingtobeafraidofasoldageapproaches.Manyconsiderthelaterportionsoflifetobethebesttimeforliving.Physicalactivitymaylessen,butoftenyougainabroaderunderstandingofyourselfandtheworld.

Whatweconsideroldagenowmayonlybemiddle-agedsomedaysoon.Whoknowswithsomanyadvancesinmedicalsciencehappeningsoquickly,lifespansmayonedaybemeasuredincenturies,ratherthaninyears!

1.Whenpeoplebecomeaging,theywilllosesomeoftheirabilitytobouncebackfromdiseaseandinjury,“bounceback”heremeans（）.

2.Inordertolivelonger,（）.

3.Whyaresomescientistsinterestedinstudyingsenescence?

4.Manyconsiderthelaterportionsoflifetobethebesttimeofliving,because（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,“spans”means（）.

問題1選項

A.toimproveinhealthafterone’sdiseaseandinjury

B.torunfast

C.torecoverfromdiseaseandinjury

D.tojumpafterrecovering

問題2選項

A.weshouldpostponetheprocessofaging

B.weshouldtrytodosomeexercise

C.wehavetotrytobeonadiet

D.weshouldkeepinhighspirits

問題3選項

A.Theymaybeabletofindbetterwaystoourlife.

B.Iftheypindownthebiochemicalprocessthatmakesusage,therewillbehopeforextendingthelengthoflife.

C.Theywantfindoutifthereisalinkbetweenhowefficientlyacellcouldrepairitselfandhowlongacreaturelives.

D.Theywanttoincreasethegeneralabilityofourbodies.

問題4選項

A.theyhaveaverygoodunderstandingofthemselvesandtheoutsideworld

B.theyhavenothingtodoalldaylongonlytowatchtheirgrandchildrengrowinguparoundthem

C.theyhavecomethroughthebattleoflifesafely

D.theyconsidertheirlifehasbeenasuccessfulone

問題5選項

A.alongperiodoftime

B.alengthoftime

C.alongdistancefromoneplacetoanother

D.longevity

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的第五句“Theslowchangeofagingcausesourbodiestolosesomeoftheir

2.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Inordertolivelonger,wehavealwaystriedtoslowor

3.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Theyhopethatbyexaminingtheagingprocessonacellularlevelmedicalsciencemaybeabletoextendthelengthoflife.”他們希望通過在細胞層次上研究衰老過程，醫(yī)學可能延長人們的壽命。選項B符合原文。

4.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Physicalactivitymaylessen,butoftenyougainabroaderunderstandingofyourselfandtheworld.”選項A符合原文。

5.詞匯推斷題。根據(jù)原文句意：lifespans將來也許會以幾個世紀來計算，而不是以幾年來計算。由此可推斷，spans指時間的長短。所以選項B正確。

4.單選題

Framingaprobleminmythologicaltermscanpointtowardsolutionsatdeepermythiclevels.Forcenturies,theguidingmythofWesternculturehasbeenwhatmightbecalledthe“GrandNarrativeofProgress.”Itisthestoryofmovementtowardagoal—achievement,improvement,andconquest.Modernscienceandtechnologyhavepropelledthismyth,extendingthehumanlife-span,harnessingnaturalresourcesandthepoweroftheatom,carryingsoundsthroughtheatmosphere,andexploringouterspacebydefyinggravityitself.

Rationalthoughtandtheempiricalscientificmethodbecamethechiefinstrumentsoftheprogressmyth,andtheypromisedtodiscernwhicheconomicsystem,whichformofgovernment,andwhichaestheticdesignwouldbestleadhumanityoutofconfusiontowardautopianfuture.Assciencetestshypotheses,thosethatfailtobeverifiedareabandoned,allowingsciencetomoveforwardinaself-correcting,progressivedirection.

Mythologywasequatedwithsuperstitionandfalsehood:itsmostvitalelementscouldnotbesubjectedtoempiricalverification,anditemanatedfromthewellofimaginationratherthanreason.Spiritualconcerns,beliefsinthedivine,andrespectforthesacredwereconsideredtobethe“opiumofthemasses”and,likeanyotheraddiction,ahindrancetoprogress.

ButastheGrandNarrativeofProgresscametodominateothervaluesandviews,itcastamalignantshadow.Theinventionoftheautomobilewasthequintessenceofprogress,butitleftovercrowdedhighways,airpollution,anddeforestationinitswake.Fertilizersincreasedcropproductionbutalsoincreasedthegrowthofalgaeinlakesandcanals.Thediscoveryofpowerfulinsecticides—firstgreetedwithenthusiasmandaNobelPrize—wasfollowedbytheunintentionalpoisoningoffish,birds,andanimals.Nuclearpowerplantsincreasedavailableenergybutledtostorageproblems,life-threateningcontamination,andatleastoneaccidentwithworldwiderepercussions.Thewasteproductsoftechnologicallivingbegantochokegreatcitiesandfoulonce-pristinelands.AlthoughWesternhousing,clothing,andreligionwerebroughttoaboriginalpeople,andtherateofinfectiousdiseasewentdown,therateofalcoholism,drugaddiction,suicide,andspouseandchildrenabusewentup.

1.Bythefirstsentenceofthepassagetheauthormeansthat（）.

2.TheGrandNarrativeofProgresscanberealizedbecause（）.

3.Inthelastparagraph,theword“malignant”means（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheviewoftheauthor?

問題1選項

A.mythisveryimportantintheproblem-solutionrelationship

B.scienceandtechnologyarehelpfultosolvetheproblems

C.theGrandNarrativeofProgressispowerful

D.problemandsolutionarethetwins

問題2選項

A.itemanatedfromimaginationratherthanreason

B.itisthestoryofamovementtowardagoal

C.itdominatesothervaluesandviews

D.itiswiththoughtandmethod

問題3選項

A.fantastic

B.dominant

C.benign

D.harmful

問題4選項

A.Humanprogresshasnothingtodowithmythologies.

B.Themythhashelpedlittleinshapingthehumanfuture.

C.TheGrandNarrativeofProgressshouldbecriticized.

D.Scienceandtechnologycanleadustoautopianfuture

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)句意:用神話構(gòu)思問題能更好地從神話的角度解決問題。也就是說,神話在解決問題的過程中非常重要。選項A正確。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“GrandNarrativeofProgress”定位到第一段“...Itisthestoryofmovementtowardagoal—achievement,improvement,andconquest.”這是一個朝著目標前進的故事——成就、進步和征服?！斑M步大神話”之所以能實現(xiàn)是因為它有明確的目標,朝著目標前進。選項B符合原文。

3.原文中“malignant”修飾shadow,而在接下來的內(nèi)容中主要描述的是“進步大神話”的負面影響,由此可以推斷,shadow指陰影,選項中表示貶義的形容詞只有選項D,所以“malignant”指有害的。

4.根據(jù)原文第三段可知,作者對神話的態(tài)度是反對的,緊接著在第四段花大量的篇幅講述了“進步大神話”的負面影響,由此可以推斷,作者認為,“進步大神話”應該受到批評。選項C正確。

5.翻譯題

II.(本題3段，每段10分)

HumanisticpsychologyHumanisticpsychologistsbelievethatbehavioristsareover-concernedwiththescientificstudyandanalysisoftheactionsofmanasanorganism,totheneglectofbasicaspectsofmanasafeeling,thinkingindividual,andthattoomucheffortisspentinlaboratoryresearch,whichquantifiesandreduceshumanbehaviortoitselements.Humanistsalsotakeissuewiththedeterministicorientationofpsychoanalysis,whichpostulatesthatman’searlyexperiencesanddrivesdeterminehisbehavior.Humaniststendtobelievethattheindividualisresponsibleforhislifeandactionsandmaytimecreativelychangehisattitudesorbehaviorthroughawarenessandwill.Thehumanistisconcernedwiththefullestgrowthoftheindividualintheareasoflove,fulfillment,self-worth,andautonomy;maturationisconsideredaprocessduringwhichoneestablishesandfollowsone’ssystemofvalues.

ExperimentmethodTheexperimentisaresearchinwhichtheinvestigatormanipulatesavariablecarefullycontrolledconditionsandobserveswhetheranychangesoccurinasecondvariableasaresult.Thus,thepurposeofanexperimentistofindouthowonevariable,let’scallitX,affectsanothervariable,whichwe’llcallY.Inthisformulation,werefertoXastheindependentvariabletoYasthedependentvariable.Anindependentvariableisaconditionoreventthatanexperimentervariesinordertoseeitsimpactonanothervariable.Agoodshortcutforsortingouttheindependentvariablesinexperimentsistofitthevariablesintotheequation“HowXaffectsY.”

IntelligenceIntelligencereferstocognitiveabilitiesofanindividualtolearnfromexperience,toreasonwell,andtocopeeffectivelywiththedemandsofdailyliving.Inshort,intelligencehastodowithhowwellapersonisabletousecognitionincopingwiththeworld.Thetermintelligencewasnotinwidespreaduseuntilitwaspopularizedinthelate1800sbythewritingsofSirFrancisGalton.GaltonwasacousinofCharlesDarwin,thescientistcreditedfordevelopingthetheoryofevolutionbasedonnaturalselectionofinheritedcharacteristics.Galtonbelievedthatintellectualabilitywasinherited,andhetriedunsuccessfullytodevelopanintelligencetesttouseinhisresearch.Althoughhewasunsuccessfulinhisownresearch,Galtongavepsychologytheconceptofintelligence.

【答案】人本心理學6.單選題

Atthepressconference,thePrimeMinister______thegovernment’srefusaltocompromisewithterrorists.

問題1選項

A.rectified

B.remunerated

C.reeked

D.reiterated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項rectify“改正，精餾，整流”，B項remunerate“酬勞，給與報酬，賠償”，C項reek“散發(fā)臭味，帶有令人不快（或不滿）的內(nèi)容”，D項reiterate“重申，反復地做”。由thegovernment’srefusaltocompromisewithterrorists“政府拒絕向恐怖分子妥協(xié)”可知，“重申”符合語境。句意：首相在新聞發(fā)布會上重申了拒絕向恐怖分子妥協(xié)的立場。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

7.單選題

Everybodylovesafatpayrise.Yetpleasureatyourowncanvanishifyoulearnthatacolleaguehasbeengivenabiggerone.Indeed,ifhehasareputationforslacking,youmightevenbeoutraged.Suchbehaviorisregardedas“alltoohuman”，withtheunderlyingassumptionthatotheranimalswouldnotbecapableofthisfinelydevelopedsenseofgrievance.ButastudybySarahBrosnanandFransdeWaalofEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,Georgia,whichhasjustbeenpublishedinNature,suggeststhatitisalltoomonkey,aswell.

Theresearchersstudiedthebehavioroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodtardily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.

SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan'sandDr.dewaal'sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeyswereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnforitsrock,theirbehaviorbecamemarkedlydifferent.

Intheworldofcapuchinsgrapesareluxurygoods（andmuchpreferabletocucumbers）.Sowhenonemonkeywashandedagrapeinexchangeforhertoken,thesecondwasreluctanttohandhersoverforamerepieceofcucumber.Andifonereceivedagrapewithouthavingtoprovidehertokeninexchangeatall,theothereithertossedherowntokenattheresearcheroroutofthechamber,orrefusedtoacceptthesliceofcucumber.Indeed,themerepresenceofagrapeintheotherchamber（withoutanactualmonkeytoeatit）wasenoughtoinduceresentmentinafemalecapuchin.

Theresearchessuggestthatcapuchinmonkeys,likehumans,areguidedbysocialemotions.Inthewild,theyareaco-operative,group-livingspecies.Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated.Feelingsofrighteousindignation,itseems,arenotthepreserveofpeoplealone.Refusingalesserrewardcompletelymakesthesefeelingsabundantlycleartoothermembersofthegroup.However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.

1.Theauthorintroduceshistopicintheopeningparagraphby（）.

2.Thestatement“itisalltoomonkey”（Lastline,paragraph1）impliesthat（）.

3.Theresearcherschosefemalecapuchinmonkeysforstudyprobablybecausetheyare（）.

4.Theresearchersfoundintheirstudythatthemonkeys（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

問題1選項

A.posingacontrast

B.makingacomparison

C.justifyinganassumption

D.explainingaphenomenon

問題2選項

A.monkeysarealsooutragedbyslackrivals

B.resentingunfairnessisalsomonkeys'nature

C.monkeys,likehumans,tendtobejealousofeachother

D.noanimalsotherthanmonkeyscandevelopsuchemotions

問題3選項

A.moregenerousthantheirmalecompanions

B.niceinbothappearanceandtemperament

C.moreinclinedtoweighwhattheyget

D.attentivetoresearchers'instructions

問題4選項

A.prefergrapestocucumbers

B.canbetaughttoexchangethings

C.areunhappywhenseparatedfromothers

D.willnotbecooperativeiffeelingcheated

問題5選項

A.monkeyscanbetrainedtodevelopsocialemotions

B.humanindignationevolvedfromanuncertainsource

C.animalsusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansdo

D.cooperationamongmonkeysremainsstableonlyinthewild

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.考查寫作手法。第一段將人與猴子之間的相似性進行比較,說明人會將自己與其同類進行比較，而一項研究也表明猴子也存在這種現(xiàn)象。A項"posingacontrast"提出一個對比，但文章不止提出了對比，還進行了分析。B項"makingacomparison"作對比，符合題意。contrast多用于不同事物之間的比較；而compare多用于類比，即同類事物之間的比較。C項“證明一個假設(shè)”，第一段說的是人與猴子的比較，而不是假設(shè)什么東西。D項“解釋一種現(xiàn)象”與第一段不符。故B項正確。、

2.判斷推理題。由于題目表面看上去是問一個詞組的意思，實際上只有先理解“alltoohuman太具人性化的”然后才能夠理解“alltoomonkey太猴子化了”。A項“猴子也會被懶散的競爭對手激怒?！蔽恼轮虚_篇的時候只是說人會被懶散的競爭對手激怒，并沒有說動物也會被懶散的競爭對手激怒，故A項錯誤。C項“猴子和人一樣，也會彼此嫉妒?！边@是最大的干擾項，本文的主題就是要告訴大家“猴子也痛恨不公平”，故該項與原文內(nèi)容有區(qū)別。D項“除了猴子沒有動物能夠培養(yǎng)出這樣的感情。”從原文并不能推斷出這個觀點。故B項“猴子與人一樣，也會憎惡不公平”。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由第二段以及第三段一句話“Theresearchersstudiedthebehavioroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodtardily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices”thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan'sandDr.dewaal'sstudy."研究人員研究了雌性棕色卷尾猴的行為。他們看起來很可愛。它們性情溫和，樂于合作，總是很晚才分享食物。最重要的是，和人類女性一樣，他們往往比男性更關(guān)注“商品和服務”的價值。這些特征使他們成為布魯斯南博士和德瓦爾博士研究的完美對象。由“aboveall最重要的是”后面的內(nèi)容可知母猴更密切關(guān)注商品和服務的價值”也就是母猴權(quán)衡她們獲得的東西，該優(yōu)勢使其成為被研究對象。故C項正確。B項文中雖有提到，但不是最重要的。AD兩項文中均未提及。

4.細節(jié)事實題。最后一段第二句"Suchco-operationislikelytobestableonlywheneachanimalfeelsitisnotbeingcheated"只有當每只動物都覺得自己沒有被欺騙時，這種合作才有可能是穩(wěn)定的?！庇纱丝芍狢項正確。AB兩項是事實，但不是結(jié)論。D項明顯是錯誤的。

5.判斷推理題。由最后一段"However,whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsfromthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.然而，這種公平感是在卷尾猴和人類身上獨立進化而來的，還是來自三千五百萬年前的共同祖先，至今仍是個未解之謎。"由此可知B項“人類的對不公平的憤怒起源不明”正確。ACD三項都無法從最后一段推斷出來。故B項正確。

8.單選題

Whathetoldyouisstrictly（）.Don’tletanyoneelseknowofit.

問題1選項

A.secretive

B.individual

C.particular

D.confidential

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。secretive“秘密的，偷偷摸摸的”；individual“個別的，獨特的”；particular“特別的，詳細的”；confidential“機密的，表示信任的”。根據(jù)下一句的內(nèi)容“不要讓其他人知曉此事”，可知他所告知的事情是機密的，對被告知人是表示信任的，所以選項D相對于選項A來說要更恰當。

9.翻譯題

Theminiaturizationofthecomponentsofcomputerchipshasprovedunstoppable.Ineachnewgeneration,thosecomponentsaresmallerandmoretightlypackedthantheywereinitspredecessor.Progresshasbeensorapidthatchipdesignersareapproachingapparentlyfundamentalbarrierstofurtherreductionsinsizeandincreasesindensity.Oneoftheseisimposedbytheneedtowirethecomponentsinachiptogether,sothattheycanexchangesignals.But,inaminiaturizedversionoftheshifttowirelesscommunicationinthemacroscopicworld,agroupofresearchersledbyAlainNogaretoftheUniversityofBath,inEngland,thinktheycanmakechipswhosecomponentstalktoeachotherwirelessly.

Atpresent,theelectronicsthattransmitandreceivetheradiowavesusedinwirelessdevicesaretoolargetobeusedwithinindividualchips.ButDrNogaretbelieveshecanovercomethis.LastweekheandhiscolleaguesatthreeotherBritishuniversities,anotherinBelgiumandaresearchinstituteinFrancewonthemoneytotrytobuildsuchadevice.

Theresearchersintendtousethestandardlithographic（平印刷板）techniquesemployedinchipmakingtocoatasemiconductorwithmicroscopicmagnets.Thesemagnetswillgeneratelocalmagneticfieldsthatpointinoppositedirectionsatdifferentpointsonthechip'ssurface.Electronshaveapropertycalledspinthatisaffectedbymagneticfields,andtheteamhopestouseaneffectcalledinverseelectron-spinresonance（諧振）tomakeelectronspassingthroughthechipemitmicrowaves..

Thetechniquetheyareproposingisthereverseoftheprocessinmedicalmagnetic-resonanceimaging.InMRI,thepatientisplacedinastrongmagneticfieldthatcausessomeofhisbodyatomicnuclei,whichactliketinymagnetizedspinningtops,toalignthemselveswiththefield.Thenucleiarethenzappedbrieflywithasecondmagneticfieldthatknocksthemoutofalignmentwiththefirstone.Thecoilsinthescanningapparatusdetectthesemagneticchanges,whichareusedtobuildupamapofthepartofthebodybeingexamined.Afterafewseconds,thenucleithemselveswiththefield,radiatingsmallamountsofenergyasheator,morerarely,asradiowaves.

Inchips,DrNogaretproposestousethespinoftheelectronratherthanthespinoftheatomicnucleus.Electronsflowingthroughthechipwould“see”amagneticfieldthatflipsfromonedirectiontotheoppositeeveryfewhundrednanometres(billionthsofametre).ThisistheequivalentofzappingtothestationaryobjectwithanoscillatingmagneticfieldofthesortusedinMRI.Thechangingmagneticfieldwouldforcetheelectronstooscillate,too,butwouldnotallowthemtoradiateheat.Asaresult,theywouldbeforcedtoemitradiowaves—or,rather,microwaves,whicharesimilarbutofshorterwavelength.

【答案】事實證明，計算機芯片元件的小型化是不可阻擋的。每一次更新?lián)Q代，這些組件相比以前更小巧，排列更緊密。發(fā)展如此之快，使得芯片設(shè)計者在進一步縮小元件尺寸、壓縮元件密度方面逐漸面臨一些根本性難題。其中一個問題就是芯片中的組件需要用線路連接起來，以便于交換信號。不過，英國巴斯大學的阿蘭·諾加雷特領(lǐng)導的一組研究人員認為，通過將宏觀條件下的無線通信傳輸微型化，他們可以研制出使用無線通信組件的芯片。

目前，無線設(shè)備中用來發(fā)射和接收無線電波的電子設(shè)備太大，無法在單個芯片中使用。但諾加雷特博士認為他可以解決這一問題。上周他和他來自另三所英國大學、一所比利時大學及一個法國研究所的同事爭取到了一筆資金用來研發(fā)這個設(shè)備。

研究者打算使用芯片制作的標準平印刷板技術(shù)，將許多極小的磁鐵包被到一塊半導體上。這些磁鐵可產(chǎn)生局部磁場，從相反的方向作用于芯片表面的不同位點。電子具有一種自旋特性，可受磁場影響。研究小組希望利用一種“反電子自旋諧振”效應，讓穿過芯片的電子發(fā)射微波。

他們提出的技術(shù)與醫(yī)學核磁共振成像的過程正好相反。在這個過程中，病人被置于一個強磁場，該磁場可讓患者機體原子核（運動方式類似于磁化的陀螺）順著磁場方向排列。然后，用第二個磁場短時轟擊這些原子核，使其脫離第一個磁場的陣列。掃描儀中的線圈探測到這些磁性變化，并由此構(gòu)建出受檢身體部位的圖譜。幾秒鐘之后，原子核沿磁場方向重新排列，并放射出少量熱能或者無線電波（更罕見）。

在芯片制作方面，諾加雷特博士提議利用電子自旋而非原子核自旋。流經(jīng)芯片的電子可以“識別”某一磁場，該磁場每隔幾百納米（十億分之一米）就變換一次方向。這相當于核磁共振中不斷擺動的磁場，令其轟擊某一靜止物體。不斷變化的磁場也會迫使電子振蕩，但不允許它們散射熱能。這樣一來，電子僅可發(fā)出無線電波或者更確切地說是微波，它與無線電波類似，但波長較短。

10.單選題

Recentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren（）aviolentactprevi-ouslyseenontelevision.

問題1選項

A.modifying

B.duplicating

C.accelerating

D.stimulating

【答案】B

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：最近報道了很多案例：孩子們總是以前在電視上見過的暴力行為。modify修改，修飾；duplicate復制，重復；accelerate加速，促進；stimulate刺激。B項duplicate在此可譯為“模仿”。

11.單選題

Theproblemhas（）simplybecauseyoudidn’tfollowmyinstruction.

問題1選項

A.raised

B.risen

C.arisen

D.aroused

【答案】C

【解析】近義詞辨析。raise是及物動詞,“提高,升起”;rise為不及物動詞,“上升,增強”;arise“出現(xiàn),上升”;arouse“激發(fā),喚醒”。句意:出現(xiàn)這個問題僅僅是因為你沒有聽從我的指示。選項C符合句意。

12.翻譯題

中國的電影行業(yè)已經(jīng)步入了一個新階段，始于七年前的行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)改革使國內(nèi)票房以年均3%的驚人速度達到一個新的增長水平，這在世界上也是不多見的。

更多的優(yōu)秀電影展現(xiàn)給了公眾，這自然會吸引越來越多的觀眾走進電影院，也會激發(fā)投資商對該行業(yè)投資的熱情，這的確是個良性循環(huán)。中央政府已經(jīng)采取了新政策，幫助刺激國內(nèi)市場的發(fā)展。隨著國內(nèi)與國際市場密切關(guān)系的建立，國產(chǎn)影片在海外的影響和競爭力一定會越來越大。中國也已經(jīng)承諾，將按照WTO協(xié)議進一步開放娛樂市場。

當前，中國的電影制作人主要是自籌資金，但是新的籌資渠道正在出現(xiàn)。隨著中國金融體制的完善，越來越多的電影電視公司依靠金融機構(gòu)籌集資金，同時以票房收入、版權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓以及演員的個人聲望做保障。

【答案】【參考譯文】China’sfilmindustryhasenteredanewstage.Thestructurereformoffilmindustrystartingfromsevenyearsagohasincreasedthedomesticboxofficeastonishinglyinanaverageannualspeedof3%toanewlevelofgrowth,andthisisalsorareintheworld.

Anincreasingnumberofgoodmovieswillnaturallyattractmoreandmoreaudiencesintocinemaandalsostimulatetheinvestors’enthusiasmforinvestinginthisindustry,whichisindeedapositivecircle.Thecentralgovernmenthasadoptedanewpolicytostimulatethedevelopmentofthedomesticmarket.Withtheestablishmentofacloserelationshipbetweenthedomesticandinternationalmarket,theinfluenceandcompetitivenessofdomesticfilmsinoverseaswillcertainlybeincreasing.ChinahasalsopromisedtofurtheropenitsentertainmentmarketinaccordancewiththeWTOagreement.

Atpresent,theChina’sfilmmakersmainlyhavefundsraisedbythemselves,butthenewfinancingchannelsareemerging.WiththeimprovementoftheChinesefinancialsystem,moreandmorefilmandtelevisioncompaniesarerelyingonfinancialinstitutionstoraisefundsandatthesametimeusingtheboxofficeearnings,copyrighttransferandtheactor’spersonalpopularityasguarantees.

13.單選題

GeorgeGallup,Jr.,themanwhomakesand（

）hisreputation（

）knowingwhatAmericansthink,hasbroughtallhispollingstrategiestogethertoidentifyandanalyzewhathecallsfutureforces.

問題1選項

A.challenges...on

B.stakes...on

C.hazards...to

D.bets...to

【答案】B

【解析】challenge…on在……方面挑戰(zhàn)；stake…on把賭注押在……上面；hazard...to對……有危險；bet不與to搭配。句意：GeorgeGallup，Jr.這個把自己的名譽押在知曉美國人想法上的人，將所有的投票策略集中到一起，以確定和分析他所說的未來力量。選項B符合句意。

14.單選題

Manysocialservicesareprovidedby（

）societiesandorganizationsthatdonotexpectanymaterialpayment.

問題1選項

A.wealthy

B.voluntary

C.helpful

D.spiritual

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。wealthy“富有的；充分的”；voluntary“自愿的”；helpful“有幫助的；有益的”；spiritual“精神的；心靈的”。句意：很多社團自愿組織提供很多社會福利事業(yè)，并不期望任何物質(zhì)報酬。選項B符合題意。

15.單選題

RetireeslookingtostretchtheirpensionsmightconsiderspendingtheirgoldenyearsinEcuador,PanamaorMexico,______costoflivingislowandtheweatheriswarm,accordingtoanewindex.

問題1選項

A.which

B.when

C.where

D.whose

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法知識?？崭袂笆且粋€完整的句子，因此逗號后需要一個關(guān)系詞修飾表示地點的先行詞“Educator,PnamaorMexico”，后面的非限定性定語從句中不缺主要成分，因此關(guān)系詞在從句中充當狀語，只有C選項where符合要求。句意：一項新數(shù)據(jù)表明，希望延長養(yǎng)老金的退休人員可能會考慮在厄瓜多爾、巴拿馬或墨西哥度過他們的黃金歲月，因為那里的生活成本較低，而且天氣溫暖。

16.單選題

Theillegalimmigrantswerecaughtand（

）bythelocalgovernment.

問題1選項

A.relegated

B.banished

C.deported

D.expatriated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。relegate“降級”；banish“放逐，驅(qū)逐”；deport“驅(qū)逐出境，放逐”；expatriate“流放，官方法令強迫離開某國或某地”。句意：這些非法移民被抓了，并且被當?shù)卣?qū)逐出境。此句指的是驅(qū)逐出境，故C項正確。

17.單選題

Ihaven’tgotthe（）ideaofwhatyoumean.Wouldyoupleasemakeitcleartome?

問題1選項

A.lightest

B.furthest

C.smallest

D.faintest

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。lightest最輕的，最亮的；furthest最遠的，最大程度的；smallest最小的；faintest一點也不的，極小的。由下文“你能說清楚一些嗎？”可推知前面“我沒有弄懂你說的意思”，故D項正確。

18.單選題

Foreverysocialsituation,thereisa______timethatyoucanholdaperson’sgazewithoutbeingintimate,rude,oraggressive.

問題1選項

A.pompous

B.permissible

C.adoptive

D.complacent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項pompous“自大的，浮夸的，華而不實的”，B項permissible“可允許的，獲得準許的”，C項adoptive“采用的，有收養(yǎng)關(guān)系的”，D項complacent“自滿的，得意的，滿足的”。由修飾time的定語從句thatyoucanholdaperson’sgazewithoutbeingintimate,rude,oraggressive“你可以凝視一個人，而不顯得親密、粗魯或咄咄逼人”可知，“可允許的”符合句意。句意：對于任何一種社交場合，都有一個允許的時間，你可以在不顯得親密、粗魯或咄咄逼人的情況下凝視對方。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

19.單選題

Newtechnologyismakingthetraditionalfarmingmachineryandmethods（）.

問題1選項

A.efficient

B.emergent

C.obsolete

D.nostalgic

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。efficient“有效率的”；emergent“緊急的”；obsolete“過時的”；nostalgic“懷舊的”。句意：新的科技使傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)業(yè)機械和方法漸漸過時了。選項C符合題意。

20.單選題

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項

A.Ithelpsemployeestoreducetheirstress.

B.Itpreventsemployeesfromfeelingbored.

C.Itstrengthensharmonyamongemployees.

D.Ithelpsemployeestoviewthingspositively.

問題2選項

A.Weekendsareconducivetoreducingstress.

B.Humorisvitaltointerpersonalrelationships.

C.Allworkersexperiencesomeemotionalstress.

D.Humorcanhelpworkersexcelatroutinetasks.11.

問題3選項

A.Smashthetoystoreleasetheirbottled-upresentments.

B.Takethebossdollapartaslongastheyreassembleit.

C.Designandinstallstress-reducinggadgets.

D.Strikeatthebossdollashardastheylike.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

【解析】PassageOne

“Toomanypeopleviewtheirjobsasafive-dayprisonwhichtheyareparoledeveryFriday,”saysJoelGoodman,founderoftheHumorProject,ahumorconsultinggroupinSaratogaSprings,NewYork.Humorunlockstheofficeprisonbecauseitletsadultsbringsomeoftheirchildlikespirittothejob.

AccordingtoHowardPollio,professorofpsychologyattheUniversityofTennessee,Knoxville,anofficewithhumorbreaksisanofficewithsatisfiedandproductiveemployees.[10]Pollioconductedastudythatprovedhumorcanhelpworkersexcelatroutineproductiontasks.Employeesperformbetterwhentheyhavefun.Inlargecorporationswithahierarchyofpower,thereisoftennooutletforstress.“Everycompanyneedsundergroundwaysofpokingfunattheorganization,”saysLynnM.Mark,aspeakeronworkplacehumorforSaintMary’sHealthCenterinSaintLouis.

Kodak’sRochester,NewYorkbranchdiscoveredawayforits20,000employeestouncorktheirbottled-upresentments.[9]Their1,000-square-foothumorroomfeaturesatoystore.Amongtheroom’smanystress-reducinggadgets,themainattractionisabossdollwithdetachablearmsandlegs.[11]Employeescantakethedollapartaslongastheyputitsarmsandlegsbackinplace.

SandyCohen,ownerofagraphicprintproductionbusiness,createdthequoteboardtodocumentthebizarrep