(備考)高考英語學(xué)霸筆記專題04 其他

專題04其他詞-高考學(xué)霸筆記1.長寬高的變形strong-strength-strengthenlong-length-lengthenwide-width-widenhigh-height-heightendeep-depth-deepen2.基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的不規(guī)則變化one-firsttwo-secondthree-thirdfour-fourthfive-fiftheight-eighthnine-ninthtwelve-twelfth3.常見介詞of,in,on,at,by,with,without,including,about,after,before,from,toof后可跟名詞，如senseofachievement;senseofresponsibilityin后可跟名詞，如indanger,insilence4.常見介詞核心邏輯一）of核心邏輯：從屬關(guān)系，屬于量詞cupof;apieceof;asliceof其中之of;anyof;partof,noneof類別詞kindof;sortof;aspeciesof所屬關(guān)系theengineofthecar=car'sengine;theroofofthehouse=house'sroof;和名詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語manofability=anableman;athingofbeauty=abeautifulthing;動(dòng)詞、形容詞短語dieof;befondof;beafraidof;beproudofagirlfriendofWangHao書名類TheTrueStoryofAhQ二）in核心邏輯：包含與被包含in+地點(diǎn)，表示在……地方，通常為國家，城市或者大地點(diǎn)的室內(nèi)：breakininChina，inBeijing，inShanghai，inabighousein+具體方位+of，表示細(xì)節(jié)地理位置：inthemiddleof，inthefrontof，inthebackof，infrontof，inthesouthofin+功能性場所：inbed（臥?。┰诖?，intheded在床上躺著，inhospital生病住院，inthehospital在醫(yī)院這個(gè)地方in+時(shí)間（世紀(jì)，具體年份，季節(jié)，月份，年代，早中晚，一段時(shí)間）：inthe19thcentury，in2020，inwinter，inJanuary，inthe1960s，inthemorning，intheafternoon，intheevening，in2hours（兩小時(shí)后或兩小時(shí)內(nèi)）in+特定的事物，表示在……方面：Hehasmadegreatprogressinmath.他在數(shù)學(xué)方面取得了很大的進(jìn)步in+顏色，表穿著theboyinblackismybrother.穿黑色衣服的男孩是我弟弟in搭配動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成短語：put……in把……放進(jìn)；cutin打斷別人說話；givein讓步，屈服（因?yàn)閯e人的觀點(diǎn)或意見完全包容了我的，所以我givein）；三）to核心邏輯：強(qiáng)烈的方向性，同目標(biāo)事物相關(guān)，距離感運(yùn)動(dòng)、朝向drivetothewaytoJapanistotheeastofChina.atendencytosillness四）on核心邏輯：具體或抽象的緊密接觸on+地點(diǎn)名詞，表示在表面，有接觸：onthewall，ontheground，ontheearth，onthetable，ontheright，onthelefton+抽象名詞ontime，準(zhǔn)時(shí)（抽象意義的接觸時(shí)刻點(diǎn)）ondisplay展覽（物品是和展臺接觸的）oneonone一對一onvacation度假（人與假期抽象接觸）onsale打折出售on+交通工具與in+交通工具的區(qū)別可以走動(dòng)的用on，不便走動(dòng)用in：onthetrain/bus/ship/plane，inthecar/jeepon的動(dòng)詞短語，均是“抽象接觸”goon繼續(xù)（上段接觸下段）agreeon達(dá)成一致turnon打開開關(guān)（電源或是水流合上）keepon堅(jiān)持（不中斷，接觸）geton上車（人接觸車）puton穿戴衣物（衣物和身體接觸）carryon繼續(xù)前行insiston在某事上堅(jiān)持knockon敲打……（接觸）playjokeson開某人的玩笑五）for核心邏輯：通過……成為所屬關(guān)系1.for表目的WhatdoyoulearnEnglishfor?WhatcanIdoforyou?2.對于Shehasanaturalgiftforteaching.3.給某人Here'resometipsforyou.4.表原因Iamsorryforit.5.前往某地IsthisbusforChicago?They'llleaveforBeijingtomorrow.6.for+時(shí)間段/距離forafewyears;walkfor10miles7.for表贊成8.Itis+adj.forsb.todosth.六）from核心邏輯：脫離，距離感1.從……到from....to2.來自befrom;comefrom3.制成bemadefrom4.距離等Thehouseis5milesfromthetown.5.避免；防止Hecoveredhiswifefromtheman'sblowswithhisbody.6.與……不同Ican'ttellonetwinfromtheother.bedifferentfrom七）with核心邏輯：帶有；附帶1.一起；和gowith;playwith;livewith;makefriendswith2.帶有teawithhoneyamanwithalotofmoney;agirlwithgoldenhair3.用writewithapencil4.在……身上Ihavenomoneywithme.5.在……幫忙之下withthehelpof6.隨著withthedevelopmentoffloatwiththewind7.短語agreewithsb./sth.;dealwith;getonwithsb.;communicatewithsb.;putupwithsth.besatisfiedwith;bepatientwith;bepopularwithsb.;beconnectedwithsb.;bedecoratedwithsth.八）by核心邏輯：一旁1.位置bythewindown;bythelake2.交通工具bytrain;bycar;byplane3.通過……bydoingsth.4.在……之前by9:00九）at核心邏輯：@直擊目標(biāo)1.表示狀態(tài)atwork,atwar,atlunch,atschool2.小地點(diǎn)arriveatarrivein3.小時(shí)間at9:004.短語aimat;atthistime,atleast,attheendof十）than核心邏輯：比較1.nosooner...than...2.more...than...十一）as核心邏輯：作為1.像Hedressedasagirl.2.當(dāng)作Ifoundajobasaguide.3.作為身份Asachild,shewassenttoabroad.4.as引導(dǎo)的介詞短語AsaPartymember,I'lltaketheleadineverything.Sheworksasamodel.5.常見固定搭配too...to...so...that...can’twaittodo...can’thelpdoingsth.one,theotherIt’stimetodosth.either...or...neither...nor...notonly...butalso...befamousfor/asittakessb.sometimetodosth.think/finditadj.todosth.usedtodo/beusedtodoing/beusedtodo6.縮寫don't=donotdoesn't=doesnotYou'dbetter=YouhadbetterYou'dlike=Youwouldlikeit's=itisyou're=youareI'm=Iamwon't=willnotwouldn't=wouldnotI’vebeen=IhavebeenHe’sbeen=Hehasbeen7.late相關(guān)詞late:adj.&adv.遲，遲的，晚的，晚期，在晚期。inthelateafternoon傍晚，在下午較晚的時(shí)候

inthelate1990's/1990s在二十世紀(jì)九十年代末

worklate/far/deepintothenight工作至深夜

lateinautumn深秋later:adj.&adv.為late比較級，意指較遲，較晚一些。一段時(shí)間+latersoonerorlater遲早（earlyorlate）nolaterthan不遲于lateron以后，后來。latter:adj.意思是指（兩者中）后者的、后者，反義詞是former，（兩者中）前者。Didhewalkorswim?Thelatterseemsunlikely.latest:adj.&adv.為late的最高級。意思是最新、最近或最遲。ABritishcarcompanywasabouttosellitslatesttypeofcarinGermany.lately:adv.(=recently)最近，近來，通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。Theoldpalacehaslatelybeenrebuilt.8.that的用法①so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)②定語從句，句中缺主語選that③同位語從句后加that，常見同位語名詞news,idea,fact,thought,problem,answer,belief,possibility,evidence,plan,suggestion,promise,report,question,truth,proof,order,hope,information④強(qiáng)調(diào)句型ItisXthat...⑤表語從句，即be后所跟句子，如Thetroubleisthat...9.同一年份同一考點(diǎn)考察①than【2020年全國卷I語法填空】Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinteresttoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters,moreso______thefamiliarnearside.【2020年全國卷II語法填空】Orangetreesaremore______decoration;theyaasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.【2018年全國卷I語法填空】Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismoreeffectiveatlengtheninglife______walking,cyclingorswimming.【2018年全國卷II語法填空】Cornuseslesswater______riceandcreateslessfertilizerrunoff.②定語從句無what【2020年全國卷II短文改錯(cuò)】Thankyouforyourletter,what[改為which]reallymademehappy.【2020年全國卷III短文改錯(cuò)】Understandinghergoodintentions,Ieatallthefoodwhat[改為that]isprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.③surely→sure【2020年全國卷II短文改錯(cuò)】I’msurely[改為sure]you’llhaveagoodtime.【2020年全國卷III短文改錯(cuò)】Inordertomakesurely[改為sure]allofusareingoodhealth,shemakesspecificplansforus.④形容詞ing和ed之間的轉(zhuǎn)換【2019年全國卷I短文改錯(cuò)】Ibecameinteresting[改為interested]inplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.【2019年全國卷II短文改錯(cuò)】OnewasthatIwasamazing[改為amazed]atthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchbetterafterseeingadoctor.⑤as的用法【2017年全國卷I語法填空】Thistrend,wasstartedbythemedicalcommunity_____amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedsideeffectssuchasoverweightandheartdisease-theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.【2017年全國卷I語法填空】As_____result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.【2017年全國卷III語法填空】Instead,sheisearning6,500poundsadayas_____modelinNewYork.⑥late相關(guān)詞【2017年全國卷I短文改錯(cuò)】Afewminuteslate[改為later],theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.【2017年全國卷III短文改錯(cuò)】Ienjoyedstudyingdifferentkindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelate[改為latest]musicalbums.⑦become和come【2017年全國卷II短文改錯(cuò)】Whensummercame[改為comes],theywillinvitetheirstudentstopickthefreshvegetables!【2017年全國卷III短文改錯(cuò)】Aboutonemonthafterthisphotowastaken,Ienteredmysecondyearofhighschoolandbecome[改為became]anewmemberoftheschoolmusicclub.10.高中易混詞①anyway,anyhow,somehow,somewhatanyway=anyhow無論如何；不管怎樣somehow莫名其妙地；不知怎么地somewhat稍微；有點(diǎn)②contend,content,context,context③principal,principle④mortal,metal,mental,medal,model⑤except,expect,accept,excerpt,exempt⑥through,thorough,though,thought⑦expect,respect,aspect,inspect,suspect⑧prospect,perspective11.不同年份同一考點(diǎn)①be+adv.+adj.【2020年全國卷I】Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis______(extreme)challenging.【2019年全國卷III】TheyalsosharedwithusmanytraditionalstoriesaboutHawaiithatwere______(huge)popularwithtourists.【2017年全國卷III】Itis_____(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.②比較級more/less+than【2020年全國卷I】Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinteresttoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters,moreso_____thefamiliarnearside.【2020年全國卷II語法填空】Orangetreesaremore______decoration;theyaasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.【2018年全國卷I語法填空】Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismoreeffectiveatlengtheninglife______walking,cyclingorswimming.【2018年全國卷II語法填空】Cornuseslesswater______riceandcreateslessfertilizerrunoff.③提示詞為it【2020年全國卷I】Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashowmuchiceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether_____(it)plansforafuturelunarbasearepractical.【2016年全國卷I】Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby_____(it)mother.④提示詞為certain【2020年全國卷II】_____(certain)duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantisamust.【2017年全國卷III】Itis_____(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.⑤be+adj.+todo【2020年全國卷II】Theyareeasy_____(care)forandmakegreatpresents.【2019年全國卷I】Modernmethodsfortrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive______(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.⑥thefirst(序數(shù)詞)(n)todosth.【2020年全國卷I】Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.【2020年全國卷II】Theplumtreesare____firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting.⑦情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+提示詞【2020年全國卷III】Theartistwassurehewould_____(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.【2016年全國卷III】Trulyelegantchopsticksmight_____(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.⑧by+doing【2019年全國卷I】Scientistshaverespondedby_____(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregatingaroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusionthatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.【2017年全國卷I】Fastfood_____(be)fulloffatandsalt;by_____(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.⑨提示詞+than【2019年全國卷I】Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregatingaroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusionthatpopulationsare_____(high)thantheyactuallyare.【2018年全國卷I】Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears_____(long)thannon-runners.⑩al結(jié)尾形容詞【2019年全國卷II】Heryearsofhardworkhave______(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominatedhertobeCheshire’sWomanoftheYear.【2018年全國卷II】Atasteformeatis______(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.【2016年全國卷I】Thetitlewillbe_____(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.【2016年全國卷III】Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich_____(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)【2019年全國卷I】InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut______(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoabeliefthatpopulationsareincreasing.【2019年全國卷II】IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI_____(make)overtheyears.【2018年全國卷II】Since2011,thecountry______(grow)morecornthanrice.?n.____v.【2019年全國卷III】Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters_____hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.【2018年全國卷II】TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005-whenthegovernmentstartedasoil-testingprogram______givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.?,_____(提示詞)【2019年全國卷III】Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmonthe