2019-2020北京高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)高考真題匯編：語法填空（教師版）2題

2019-2020北京高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)高考真題匯編：語法填空一．語法填空（共2小題）1．（2020?北京）AOliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood（1）（play）abigroleinhislife."Mymumwasagreatcook，andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry，"hesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're（2）（luck）enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking，askthem（3）youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.BSingle﹣useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey（4）（throw）away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears（5）（break）down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantrapseacreatures，suchasturtlesanddolphins.Overtime，thebagsfallapart（6）countlesstinypieces，andfishcanaccidentallyeatsomeofthem.Now，lotsof（7）（country）andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.CApieceofstone（8）（find）onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives，knownasNeanderthals，wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals（9）（live）alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears，beforedyingoutabout40，000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans，butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere（10）（smart）thantheNeanderthals.However，thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.2．（2019?北京）AOnthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade，Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach．I（1）（voice）mybiggestconcerntomymother，"HowwillImakefriends？"Shehandedmeadvice，"Beyourself．"Forthepast20years，Ihavelivedbythesewords．SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld．Nervously（2）（face）challenges，IknowIwillwhisperto（3）（I）thetwosimplewords"Beyourself"．BEarthDay，（4）（mark）on22April，isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection．Firstcelebrated（5）1970，theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions（地區(qū)）．Nomatterwhatyouliketodo，thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious（6）（activity）onEarthDay．Youcanplantatree，makeamealwithlocallygrownvegetables，orsavepower﹣thepossibilitiesareendless．CDoesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter？Researchonthequestion（7）（suggest）that，formoststudents，itdoesn't．Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan（8）theygo．Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose（9）aretotallyengaged（參與）inacademiclife，takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources（資源）．Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend，andit'snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand（10）（meaning）collegeexperience．

2019-2020北京高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)高考真題匯編：語法填空參考答案與試題解析一．語法填空（共2小題）1．（2020?北京）AOliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood（1）plays/hasplayed/isplaying/hasbeenplaying（play）abigroleinhislife."Mymumwasagreatcook，andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry，"hesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're（2）lucky（luck）enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking，askthem（3）if/whethryoucanjoininwhenit'spossible.BSingle﹣useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey（4）arethrown（throw）away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears（5）tobreak（break）down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantrapseacreatures，suchasturtlesanddolphins.Overtime，thebagsfallapart（6）into/tocountlesstinypieces，andfishcanaccidentallyeatsomeofthem.Now，lotsof（7）countries（country）andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.CApieceofstone（8）found（find）onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives，knownasNeanderthals，wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals（9）lived/hadlived/hadbeenliving（live）alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears，beforedyingoutabout40，000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans，butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere（10）smarter（smart）thantheNeanderthals.However，thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.【分析】A本文是記敘文，主要介紹了美食節(jié)目主持人奧利弗。B這是一篇說明文，介紹了一次性塑料袋的危害，應(yīng)禁止使用。C本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在荷蘭海灘上發(fā)現(xiàn)的一塊石頭表明已經(jīng)滅絕的人類親戚尼安德特人比我們之前認(rèn)為的更聰明。【解答】（1）plays/hasplayed/isplaying/hasbeenplaying.考查時態(tài)。句意：他說食物在他的生命中扮演著重要角色。此處表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，也可以表示從過去一直到現(xiàn)在延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，所以可以用現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。故填plays/hasplayed/isplaying/hasbeenplaying.（2）lucky.考查形容詞。句意：奧利弗說，如果你足夠幸運(yùn)，身邊有一個喜歡烹飪的人?？涨坝衎e動詞，所以空處填形容詞做表語。故填lucky。（3）if/whether.考查連詞。句意：問他們你是否有可能加入他們。____youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.是賓語從句，從句成分完整，但缺"是否"的意思，故填if/whether.（4）arethrown.考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用幾次。本文講的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語they（Single﹣useplasticbags）和謂語動詞throw之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，且謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填arethrown.（5）tobreak.考查動詞不定式。句意：它們用幾百年的時間才分解。固定句型Ittakessb./sth.+一段時間+todosth.（花某人/物多長時間干某事），此處用動詞不定式（todo）作真正主語，It形式主語。故填tobreak.（6）into/to．考查介詞。句意：隨著時間的推移，這些袋子分解成成無數(shù)的小碎片，魚可能會不小心吃掉其中一些。固定搭配fallapartinto/to…（分崩離析成……），介詞into/to可表"進(jìn)入……之中/變成……"。故填into/to.（7）countries.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：現(xiàn)在，許多國家和地區(qū)正在采取行動禁止銷售這種袋子，以阻止人們使用。lotsof修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填countries.（8）found.考查非謂語動詞。句意：在荷蘭海灘上發(fā)現(xiàn)的一塊石頭表明，我們已經(jīng)滅絕的人類親戚尼安德特人比我們之前認(rèn)為的更聰明。句子的謂語為suggests，設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語和邏輯主語之間是邏輯的被動關(guān)系。故答案為found.（9）lived/hadlived/hadbeenliving.考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：尼安德特人與人類祖先一起在歐洲生活了數(shù)萬年，直到大約4萬年前滅絕。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，結(jié)合句意，此處是指在滅絕之前一直生活了數(shù)萬年。設(shè)空處的動作發(fā)生在滅絕之前，結(jié)合時間狀語fortensofthousandsofyears。故應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài)或者過去完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)；又因動作發(fā)生在過去，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作，也可用一般過去時。故答案為lived/hadlived/hadbeenliving.（10）smarter.考查形容詞的比較級。句意：但長期以來，人們一直認(rèn)為人類祖先比尼安德特人更聰明。設(shè)空處前為were設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞，設(shè)空處后的than表示比較，應(yīng)用比較級。故答案為smarter.【點(diǎn)評】語法填空是通過語篇在語境中考查語法知識的運(yùn)用能力，在解題前應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文掌握大意，在讀懂短文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合短文提供的特定的語言環(huán)境去逐句分析。要解決好語法填空，離不開堅實(shí)的語法知識，有了堅實(shí)的語法知識才能對語言進(jìn)行正確的分析和判斷，從而答對題目。2．（2019?北京）AOnthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade，Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach．I（1）voiced（voice）mybiggestconcerntomymother，"HowwillImakefriends？"Shehandedmeadvice，"Beyourself．"Forthepast20years，Ihavelivedbythesewords．SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld．Nervously（2）facing（face）challenges，IknowIwillwhisperto（3）myself（I）thetwosimplewords"Beyourself"．BEarthDay，（4）marked（mark）on22April，isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection．Firstcelebrated（5）in1970，theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions（地區(qū)）．Nomatterwhatyouliketodo，thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious（6）activities（activity）onEarthDay．Youcanplantatree，makeamealwithlocallygrownvegetables，orsavepower﹣thepossibilitiesareendless．CDoesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter？Researchonthequestion（7）suggests/suggested/hassuggested（suggest）that，formoststudents，itdoesn't．Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan（8）wheretheygo．Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose（9）whoaretotallyengaged（參與）inacademiclife，takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources（資源）．Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend，andit'snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand（10）meaningful（meaning）collegeexperience．【分析】A段文章講的是我上小學(xué)的第一天，我擔(dān)憂不知道如何交朋友，媽媽告訴我"做自己"．現(xiàn)在馬上畢業(yè)進(jìn)入社會去面對真正的挑戰(zhàn)，我仍然記得媽媽的話，"做自己"．B段文章講的是地球日的宗旨，起源，發(fā)展以及各種各樣的參與方式．C短文章講的是大學(xué)的名字是否重要．研究表明，大學(xué)名字不重要，重要的是在大學(xué)做什么．如果你在大學(xué)積極上課，充分利用學(xué)校提供的各種機(jī)會和資源，那么你將獲益．因此，提前為健康，有意義的大學(xué)生活做準(zhǔn)備是很有必要的．【解答】1．voiced．考查謂語動詞．voice做動詞時意思是"表達(dá)"，因?yàn)槭侵v述一年級的事情，所以用一般過去時，故用voiced．2．