2020深圳一模詳細(xì)解析

2020年深圳市普通高中高三年級線上統(tǒng)一測試英語注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、班級、姓名、考生號填寫在答題卡指定位置。2.選擇題的答案填寫或涂寫方式，請按照學(xué)校使用的考試平臺所需具體要求作答。3.非選擇題答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫在非答題區(qū)域的答案無效。4.考生必須保證紙質(zhì)答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，按照學(xué)校的具體要求提交答題卡。第I卷第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAnincreasingnumberofstudentsworldwideareconsideringstudyingabroad.Theapplicationprocessvariesfromcountrytocountry.Ifyou'reuniversitywithastronginternationaloutlookbutfeelsweptover風(fēng)靡，眺望，向-擴展byalltheapplicationoptions,hereissomeguidancetogetyoustarted.UKInternationalstudentsmustapplytouniversitiesintheUKthroughasystemknownasUcas.Thissystemallowsstudentstoapplytouptofiveuniversitieswithjustoneapplication.Itcosts20forasinglechoiceor25formorethanonechoice.Theapplicationconsistsofaseriesofquestionstodeterminethestudentschoolingandpredictedgrades.Thebiggestpartoftheapplicationformisthepersonalstatement,inwhichapplicantsshoulddescribetheirpersonalinterestsandrelatedexperiences.SwitzerlandSwitzerlandhasfourofficiallanguagesandisborderedbyfivecountriessoitisnosurprisethatitsuniversitiesareamongthemostinternationalintheworld.Internationalapplicantsmayneedtotakeanentranceexamiftheyhaveaforeignschoolcertificate,andmustalsoprovethattheyhaveagoodgraspoftheFrenchlanguage,usuallythroughtakingalanguageexam.Thefullapplicationcosts50SwissFrancsforaholderofaSwissdiplomaand150SwissFrancsforholdersofforeigndiplomas.特許證CanadaInternationalapplicantshavetowriteupapersonalprofileaspartoftheirapplication,whichisverysimilartothepersonalstatementrequiredforaUKuniversityapplication.StudentswillalsohavetoprovetheirEnglish-languagecompetency—thereareninewaystomeettheEnglishLanguageAdmissionStandard,whicharelistedonmanyuniversitywebsites.SingaporeTheprocessofapplyingtoaSingaporeanuniversityisverymuchalike,butoverseasstudentsmaybedelightedtofindthatthedomesticapplicantshavetocoverthesameprocedures:fillingoutanonlineapplicationformandsubmitidentificationdocuments,supportingdocumentsandanapplicationfeeofS$20.WhichcountryrequiresinternationalapplicantsknowFrenchwell?UK.B.Switzerland.C.Canada.D.Singapore.WhatpartoftheapplicationissimilarbetweentheUKandCanada?Theapplicationsystem.Thenumberofuniversities.Theapplicationcost.Thepersonalstatement.What'sspecialabouttheapplicationprocessinSingapore?Applicantsneedtopayalot.Itismuchsimplerthanelsewhere.It'snodifferentfornativestudents.Thecompetitionisevenmorefierce.BOnedayaftermorethanamonthofclasses,Ireadaloudaparagraphfrommybook,recognizingallofthecharacterssmoothlyexceptforone.Isatbackandstartedtoregistertheachievement:IwasactuallyreadingChinese.Thelanguagewasstartingtomakesense.Butbeforethesenseofsatisfactionwashalfformed,TeacherLiaosaid,“Budui!”Itmeant,literally,“Notcorrect.”Youcouldalsotra,nwlate^taopeouh-uh.Flatly完全地andclearlyincorrect.ThereweremanyChinesewordsthatIdidn'tknow,butIknewthatonewell.Avoiceinmyheadwhined:Alloftherestofthemwereright;isn'ttsomething?ButforTeacherLiaoitdidn'worklikethat.Ifonecharacterwaswrongitwassimplybudui.“What'sthisword?”Iasked,pointingatthecharacterIhadmissed.thezheinZhejiang.Thirdtone?“Fourthtone.”Ibreatheddeeplyandreadthesectionagain,andthistimeIdiditperfectly.Thatwasavictory—IturnedtoTeacherLiaoandmyeyessaid(oratleastIimaginedthemsaying):Howdoyoulikemenow?Thereseemedtobesomesatisfactioninhereyes,butshesimplysaid,“Readthenextone.”Itwasherwayofteaching.Successwasexpectedandfailurecriticizedandimmediatelycorrected.Youwererightoryouwerebudui;therewasnomiddleground.Igrewtohatebudui.Thebuwasarisingtoneandtheduidroppedabruptly,突然地likebuildingmyconfidenceandthenbreakingdownallatonce.Anditbotheredmeallthemore更加，格夕卜becauseIknewthatTeacherLiaowasonlytellingthetruth:everythingIdidwiththelanguagewasbudui.Iwasanadult,andasanadultIshouldbeabletoacceptcriticismwhereitwasneeded.Butthatwasn'ttheAmericanway;Iwantedtobepraisedformyeffort;Ididn'tmindcasitwascandy-coated.InChina,thesingleBonthereportcardmattersmuchmorethanalltheAsthatsurroundit.Keepworking;youhaven'tachievedanythingyet.AndsoIstudied.IwasfrustratedbutIwasalsostubborn;IwasdeterminedtoshowTeacherLiaothatIwasdui.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“whined”inParagraph3?burstout.B.gavein.C.returned.D.complained.WhatdidthewriterexpectfromTeacherLiaoafterhetriedagain?Immediatecorrection.B.Anewchallenge.C.Anencouragingresponse.D.Astrictcomment.HowdidthewriterfeelabouttheChinesewayofteaching?Candy-coated.B.Weakness-focused.C.Interest-driven.D.Criticism-absent.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.ThewriterwasstrugglingwithLiao'steaching.TheAmericanwayofteachingisbetterforadults.Thewriterwasnotgiftedinlanguagelearning.TeacherLiaowasnotfriendlywithherstudents.CInthewinterof1664-65,abittercold嚴(yán)寒fellonLondoninthedaysbeforeChristmas.Abovethecity,anunusuallybrightcomet（彗星）shotacrossthesky,excitingmuchpredictionofasnowstorm.Outsidethecitywall,awomanwasannounceddeadofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.HerhousewaslockedupandthephraseLord主，上帝HaveMercyOnUs”waspaintedonthedoorinred.BythefollowingChristmas,thevirusthathadkilledthewomanwouldgoontokillnearly100,000peoplelivinginandaroundLondon—almostathirdofthosewhodidnotflee.InTheGreatPlague|pleig|（瘟疫）,historianA.LloydMooteandmicrobiologistDorothyC.Mooteprovideadeeplyinformedaccountofthisplagueyear.Readingthebook,readersaretakenfromthepalacesofthecity'swealthiespoorareaswherethevastmajorityofLondonerswereliving,andtothesurroundingcountrysidewiththosewhofled.TheMootespointoutthat,evenattheheightoftheplague,thecitydidnotfallintochaos.|keias泯舌LDoctors,nursesandthechurchstaffremainedinthecitytocareforthesick;cityofficialstriedtheirbesttofightthecrisiswithallthelegaltools;andcommerce商業(yè)continuedevenasbusinessesshutdown.TodescribelifeanddeathinandaroundLondon,theauthorsfocusontheexperiencesofnineindividuals.Throughtheirlettersanddiaries,theMootesofferfreshdescriptionsofkeyissuesinthehistoryoftheGreatPlague:howdifferentcommunitiesunderstoodandexperiencedthedisease;howmedical,religious,andgovernmentbodiesreacted;howwellthesocialorderheldtogether;theeconomicandmoraldilemmaspeoplefacedwhendebatingwhethertofleethecity;andthenatureofthematerial,social,andspiritualresourcessupportingthosewhoremained.Basedonhumanity（人性）,theauthorsofferamasterfulportrait肖像ofacityanditsinhabitantsattackedby—anddaringlyresisting—unimaginablehorror.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?Acometalwaysfollowsastorm.Londonwasunderanapproachingthreat.LondonwaspreparedforthediseaseThewomanwasthebeginningofthedisease.WhatdotheMootessayaboutLondonduringtheGreatPlague?Thecityremainedorganized.Theplaguesparedtherichareas.Thepeopletriedalotinvain.Themajorityfledandthussurvived.WhydotheMootesfocusonthenineindividuals?Theywerefamouspeopleinhistory.TheyallmanagedtosurvivethePlague.Theyprovidedvividstoriesofhumanity.Theyunitedbythinkingandactingasone.What'sthepurposeofthistext?Tointroduceanewbook.Tocorrectamisunderstanding.Toreportanewresearch.D.Toshowrespecttotheauthors.DRiversaretheveinsoftheEarth,transportingthewaterandnutrients（營養(yǎng)物）neededtosupporttheplanet'secosystems,includinghunWhileemanynutrientsareessentialtothesurvivaloflife,thereisoneelementtransportedbywaterinriversthatholdsthekeytolifeandtothefutureofourplanet—carbon.CarboniseverywhereandunderstandingthewayitmovesandiseitherreleasedorstoredbytheEarthsystemisacomplexscienceinitself.Carbonstartsitsjourneydownstreamwhennaturalacidrain,whichcontainscarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere,meltsmineralsinrocks.Thishelpstransformcarbondioxidetobicarbonate（碳酸氫鹽）inthewaterthatthenflowsinourrivers.Thisisaverylongprocess,whichisoneofthemainwayscarbondioxideisremovedfromtheatmosphere.Carbonistransportedbyriverstooceansandoncethatcarbonreachestheocean,itisstorednaturallyindeepseasediments（沉淀物）formillionsofyears.Ascarbontravelsdownariver,differentprocessesmayimpact（影0向）whetheritcontinuestoflowdownstreamorwhetheritisreleasedintotheatmosphere.Forexample,humanengineering,likeextensivedamconstruction,willresultindramaticchangestohowwaterandsedimentstraveldowntheriver.Somecarbonthatfailstoreachtheseamayreturntotheatmosphereinsomeway,whichcausesmorewarming.Earth'sclimateiscloselyrelatedtothecarboncycle.Weallknowabouttheessentialroleofplantsinconsumingcarbondioxide,butdoweknowenoughaboutrivers?Changingthechemistry（化學(xué)（；化學(xué)過程）andthecourse（過程；進程；道路；路線，航向）ofriversmayhavesignificantimpactsonhowtheytransportcarbon.Remember:whereverwelive,wealllivedownstream.Whereisthecarboninriversoriginallyfrom?A.Theatmosphere.B.Therocks.C.Theacidrain.D.Theupstreamareas.WhyishumanengineeringmentionedinParagraph3?Toshowhowimportanttolifecarbonis.Toexplainhownecessaryitistobuilddams.Toshowhowanaturalprocessisinterrupted.Toexplainhowhumansfightglobalwarming.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?We'dbettermoveupstreamtolive.Weshouldprotectplantsalongrivers.We'dbetterseekmorehelpfromplants.Weshouldbecautiousaboutrivermanagement.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?WhatHumansDowithRiversHowRivers'TranspngtCarbonCountsWhattheCarbonCycleMeanstoUsHowLivingDownstreamAffectstheEarth第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Imagineyouareonalongcartrip.Itisnightandyoutakeawrongturnontoadarkcountryroad.Withasinkingfeeling,yourealizethatyouhavenoideawhereyouare.36A,andtheansweriswritteninlight.Ashiningcompassface,withnorth,south,eastandwestatthefourpoints,andabigneedlearepointingatnorth.Whatarelief!Youturnyourcararoundandheadintherightdirectionguidedbythesky.Formigratingbirds,findingtheirwayoverlongdistancesthroughthedarkestnightsistheirsecondnature.37C—directionswrittenbylightandmagnetism（磁力）.Somebirdsjourneythousandsofmilesintheirtwice-yearlyjourneys.38E,likemountainrangesandrivers,tohelpdecidethedirections;butbirdsmayalsonavigateusingthestars,andbysensing—oreven“seeingtheEarth'sinvisiblemagneticfield.Formanyyears,scientistshavebeenstudyingwhat6ng;Ofeihtydthesofmigratingbirdstofindtheirwaytotheirwinterandsummerhomes.Hereisonethingthattheyagreeon..39F.Thiscompassleadsthemtomaketheirveryfirstautumnflightinthedirectionthathasbeenlong-travelledbytherestoftheirspecies._40B.ThenyouglanceupattheskySobirdsarebornknowingwhichwayhomeisTheydoitinpartbyreadingdirectionsintheskyMagnetismisimportantforallanimals,especiallybirdsandfishesWhenthey'reonthewayjyttaketheadvantageoffamiliarlandmarksMigratory遷移的babybirdsarealreadyequippedwithakindofpresentinnercompassInbirds,migrationmeanstwo-wayjourneys—onwardjourneyandbackwardjourney完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21~40各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Mydaughterloveddance,untilshedidn41firAftmaanlnoticedherinterestfadingweekbyweek.Then,oneday,sheslowlywalkedtomebeforeclassandaskedifshecouldjust42it.A.annoyedB.independentC.enthusiasticD.unbearableA.makeB.joinC.skip不參加D.tryMyfirstreactionwasto43herto“finishwhatyoustar44,stickingwithsomethingdifficultcanteachperseverance（毅力），disciplineandconfidence.Butwatchingmyfirst-grader（一年級學(xué)生）45herselfintoeachballet（芭蕾舞）position,Istartedtoquestionhowmuch46that“blanketadvice”made.Isitreallyinmykid'sbest,orevenpractical,tomakehersticktoeverycommitment承諾throughuntilshereachesabitter苦澀的48?Whatiftherearedifferentbut49_valuablequalities,whichcanbegainedby50thethingsthatarenotrightforher?A.adviseB.inviteC.allowD.orderA.InadditionB.AfterallC.AtmostD.BycontrastA.cheerB.throwC.enjoyD.dragA.timeB.senseC.laborD.pityA.honorB.ideaC.behaviorD.interestA.endB.spaceC.sideD.directionA.partlyB.hardlyC.equallyD.seeminglyA.lettinggoof放手B.givingwayto讓路C.makingupfor彌補D.puttingupwith忍受consdtemceowashe'tforherWiththewintershowapproaching,Irealizedsheneededtoeither51herclassorcommitherselftoit.Afterafewdays—achoiceI53.Quittingisneverablack-and-whiteissue非黑即白的問題.consdtemceowashe'tforherridingandGirlScouts.SheSometimes,itmeans54abarrierinyourwaytolovesomethingelse.Inmydaughter'scase,endingdancemadespaceforhernewhobbies,suchashorsebacksintothemfornow,butitridingandGirlScouts.SheA.teachB.takeC.enterD.dropA.decidedB.wonderedC.hesitatedD.arguedA.doubtedB.requiredC.supportedD.regrettedA.keepingB.clearingC.studyingD.crossingA.evenB.stillC.onceD.yetAsadults,weareaccustomedto56thepowerofsayingyes,butwhataboutsayingno?Theabilitytorecognizewhensomethingisn_57investmerbtanfourtimeorenergyisalsoimportant.Asmydaughtergetsolder,Iwanthertofeelconfidentto58_somethingthat'snolongermeetingherneeds.Sheshouldn'tbeheldbackbythe1shemust_59_somethingatanycost60,becauseshehasstarted.A.warningB.doubtingC.stressing強調(diào)D.ignoringA.appropriate適當(dāng)?shù)腂.unfairC.extraD.informalA.holdB.exitC.treasureD.fixA.spareB.changeC.admitD.finishA.slightlyB.roughly粗略地C.nearlyD.simply語法填空：Whenyoureadabook,you'veprobablynoticedthatabrandnewbookhasaratherspecialsmell,61whichdiffersfromthatofanolderbook.Wheredoes62it/thatcomefrom?Threesources---thepaper,theinkandtheglue.Around200AD,theChinesefirstcameupwithpaper,oneofthegreatest63_inventions(invent)intheworld.Itismade64fromwood.Thewoodmustbeprocessedwithvariouschemicals65added(add)tochangeitsstructure,toremoveacidandtowhitenthepaper.Thencomestheink—therearemanykinds.Somefadewithtime,whileothersget66darker(dark)thanyearsago.Finally,differentgluesareusedtojointhesheetstogetherandattachthecovers,whetherhardcover67orpaperback.Therefore,youcansmelldifferentchemicals68coming(come)outofyournewbook.Today,theformsofbooks69havechanged/havebeenchangi