e時代大學(xué)英語-綜合訓(xùn)練4-期中課件

期中測試期中測試WritingWritingDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourfriendswhohelpedyoumostwhenyouwereindifficulty.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________DearMary,IwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetoyouforyourhelpwhenIwasindifficulty.Youhavebeenverykindandhelpfulsincewekneweachother.Lastweek,Icaughtabadcoldandhadtostayathomeforaweek.WhenIwasworryingaboutthelessons,youcametomyhomeafterschoolandhelpedmewitheverysubject.Withyourhelp,Ididn’tfallbehindothers.Again,thankssomuchforyourenthusiastichelp.Eventhoughyouareabouttogoabroadforfurthereducation,IknowthatIwillalwaysstayintouchwithyou.IwishyoueverysuccessinthefutureandIhopewecanexchangemoreviewpointsonstudy.Pleasekeepintouch,andvisitmewheneveryoureturnhome.Verysincerely,PeterDirections:Forthispart,yoListeningComprehensionListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1A.TheInternationalLaborOrganization’skeyobjective. B.Thebasicsocialprotectionforthemostvulnerable. C.Risingunemploymentworldwide. D.Globaleconomicrecovery.2A.Manycountrieshavenottakenmeasurestocreateenoughjobs. B.Fewcountriesknowhowtoaddressthecurrenteconomiccrisis. C.Fewcountrieshaverealizedtheseriousnessofthecurrentcrisis. D.Manycountriesneedsupporttoimprovetheirpeople’slivelihood.CASectionADirections:InthissSectionAQuestions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3A.Servestandardizedfoodnationwide. B.Putcalorieinformationonthemenu. C.Increaseproteincontentinthefood. D.Offerconvenientfoodtocustomers.4A.Theywillbefined. B.Theywillbeclosed. C.Theywillgetawarning. D.Theywilllosecustomers.BADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.SectionAQuestions3and4areSectionAQuestions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5A.Inabilitytoimplementtheirbusinessplans. B.Inabilitytokeepturningoutnovelproducts. C.Lackofasuccessfulbusinessmodeloftheirown. D.Failuretointegrateinnovationintotheirbusiness.6A.Itisthesecrettobusinesssuccess. B.Itisthecreationofsomethingnew. C.Itisamagictooltobringbigrewards. D.Itisanessentialpartofbusinessculture.7A.Itshardworkingemployees.B.Itsflexiblepromotionstrategy. C.Itsinnovationculture. D.Itswillingnesstomakeinvestments.DBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.CSectionAQuestions5to7areSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8A.He’sgotaddictedtotechnology.B.Heisnotverygoodatsocializing. C.Heiscrazyabouttext-messaging.D.Hedoesnottalklongonthephone.9A.Talkbig. B.Talkatlength. C.Gossipalot. D.Forgetherself.10A.Hethoughtitwascool.B.Heneededthepractice. C.Hewantedtostayconnectedwiththem.D.Hehadanurgentmessagetosend.11A.Itposesachallengetoseniors. B.Itsavesbothtimeandmoney. C.Itischildishandunprofessional. D.Itiscoolandconvenient.DBACSectionBDirections:InthissSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12A.Hewantstochangehisjobassignment. B.Heisunhappywithhisdepartmentmanager. C.Hethinkshedeservesextrapayforovertime. D.Heisoftensingledoutforcriticismbyhisboss.13A.Hisworkloadwasmuchtooheavy. B.Hisimmediatebossdidnottrusthim. C.Hiscolleaguesoftenrefusedtocooperate. D.Hissalarywastoolowforhisresponsibility.BASectionBDirections:InthisSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.14A.Heneverknowshowtorefuse. B.Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers. C.Hisbosshasalotoftrustinhim. D.Hisbosshasnosenseoffairness.15A.Putallhiscomplaintsinwriting. B.Waitandseewhathappensnext. C.Learntosaynowhennecessary. D.Talktohisbossinpersonfirst.CDSectionBDirections:InthisSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16A.Theimportanceofsleeptoahealthylife. B.ReasonsforAmericans’declineinsleep. C.Sometipstoimprovethequalityofsleep. D.Diseasesassociatedwithlackofsleep.17A.Theyaremorehealth-conscious. B.Theyarechangingtheirlivinghabits. C.Theygetlessandlesssleep. D.Theyknowthedangersoflackofsleep.18A.Theirweightwillgodown.B.Theirmindfunctionwilldeteriorate. C.Theirworkefficiencywilldecrease.D.Theirbloodpressurewillrise.ACDSectionCDirections:InthissSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19A.Howmuchyoucanaffordtopay. B.Whatcourseyouaregoingtochoose. C.Whichuniversityyouaregoingtoapplyto. D.Whenyouaregoingtosubmityourapplication.20A.Thelistofcoursesstudied. B.Thefullrecordofscores. C.Thereferencesfromteachers. D.Thepersonalstatement.21A.Specifywhattheywouldliketodoaftergraduation. B.Describeindetailhowmuchtheywouldenjoystudying. C.Indicatetheyhavereflectedandthoughtaboutthesubject. D.Emphasizethattheyadmiretheprofessorsintheuniversity.BDCSectionCDirections:InthissSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22A.Itwasequippedwithrubbertyres. B.Itwasbuiltinthelate19thcentury. C.ItwaspurchasedbytheRoyalfamily.D.ItwasdesignedbyanEnglishengineer.23A.Theyconsumedlotsofpetrol. B.Theytooktwopassengersonly. C.Theyweredifficulttodrive. D.Theyoftenbrokedown.BDSectionCDirections:InthissSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.24A.Theywereproducedontheassemblyline. B.Theywerebuiltwithlesscostlymaterials. C.TheyweremodeledafterBritishcars. D.Theyweremadeforordinaryuse.25A.Itmadenewsallovertheworld. B.ItwasbuiltfortheRoyalfamily. C.Itmarkedanewerainmotortravel. D.Itattractedlargenumbersofmotorists.ACSectionCDirections:InthissReadingComprehensionReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Physicalactivitydoesthebodygood,andthere’sgrowingevidencethatithelpsthebraintoo.ResearchersintheNetherlandsreportthatchildrenwhogetmoreexercise,whetheratschoolorontheirown,26tohavehigherGPAsandbetterscoresonstandardizedtests.Ina27of14studiesthatlookedatphysicalactivityandacademic28,investigatorsfoundthatthemorechildrenmoved,thebettertheirgradeswereinschool,29inthebasicsubjectsofmath,Englishandreading.OMAattendance Ddepressing GfeasibleJmutuallyMreviewBconsequentlyEdropping HflowKparticularly NsurviveCcurrent Fessential ImoodLperformance OtendLKSectionADirections:InthisSectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Thedatawillcertainlyfueltheongoingdebateoverwhetherphysicaleducationclassesshouldbecutasschoolsstruggleto30onsmallerbudgets.Theargumentsagainstphysicaleducationhaveincludedconcernsthatgymtimemaybetakingawayfromstudytime.WithstandardizedtestscoresintheU.S.31inrecentyears,someadministratorsbelievestudentsneedtospendmoretimeintheclassroominsteadofontheplayground.Butasthesefindingsshow,exerciseandacademicsmaynotbe32exclusive.Physicalactivitycanimproveblood33tothebrain,fuelingmemory,attentionandcreativity,whichare34tolearning.Andexercisereleaseshormonesthatcanimprove35andrelievestress,whichcanalsohelplearning.Sowhileitmayseemasifkidsarejustexercisingtheirbodieswhenthey’rerunningaround,theymayactuallybeexercisingtheirbrainsaswell.NEAattendance Ddepressing GfeasibleJmutuallyMreviewBconsequentlyEdropping HflowKparticularly NsurviveCcurrent Fessential ImoodLperformance OtendJHFISectionADirections:InthisSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.

FindingtheRightHome—andContentment,TooAWhenyourelderlyrelativeneedstoentersomesortoflong-termcarefacility—amomentfewparentsorchildrenapproachwithoutfear—whatyouwouldlikeistohaveeverythingmadeclear.BDoesassistedlivingreallymarkagreatimprovementoveranursinghome,orhastheindustrysimplyhiredbetterinteriordesigners?Arenursinghomesasbadaspeoplefear,oristhatanout-modedstereotype(固定看法)?Candoingone’shomeworkreallysteerfamiliestothebestplaces?Itisgenuinelyhardtoknow.SectionBDirections:InthissSectionBCIamabouttomakethingsmorecomplicatedbysuggestingthatwhatkindoffacilityanolderpersonlivesinmaymatterlessthanwehaveassumed.Andthatthecharacteristicsadultchildrenlookforwhentheybeginthesearcharenotnecessarilythethingsthatmakeadifferencetothepeoplewhoaregoingtomovein.Iamnottalkingaboutthequalityofcare,letmehastilyadd.Nobodyflourishesinagloomyenvironmentwithirresponsiblestaffandapoorsafetyrecord.Butanaccumulatingbodyofresearchindicatesthatsomedistinctionsbetweenonetypeofeldercareandanotherhavelittlerealbearingonhowwellresidentsdo.DThemostrecentofthesestudies,publishedintheJournalofAppliedGerontology,surveyed150Connecticutresidentsofassistedliving,nursinghomesandsmallerresidentialcarehomes(knowninsomestatesasboardandcarehomesoradultcarehomes).ResearchersfromtheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenteraskedtheresidentsalargenumberofquestionsabouttheirqualityoflife,emotionalwell-beingandsocialinteraction,aswellasaboutthequalityofthefacilities.SectionBCIamabouttomakSectionBE“Wethoughtwewouldseedifferencesbasedonthehousingtypes,”saidtheleadauthorofthestudy,JulieRobison,anassociateprofessorofmedicineattheuniversity.Areasonableassumption—don’tfamiliesstruggletoavoidnursinghomesandsufferrealguiltiftheycan’t?FIntheinitialresults,assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthemostpositivepicture.Theywerelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthoseintheotherfacilities,forinstance,andlesslikelytobeboredorlonely.Theyscoredhigheronsocialinteraction.GButwhentheresearcherspluggedinanumberofothervariables,suchdifferencesdisappeared.Itisnotthehousingtype,theyfound,thatcreatesdifferencesinresidents’responses.“Itisthecharacteristicsofthespecificenvironmenttheyarein,combinedwiththeirownpersonalcharacteristics—howhealthytheyfeeltheyare,theirageandmaritalstatus,”Dr.Robisonexplained.Whetherresidentsfeltinvolvedinthedecisiontomoveandhowlongtheyhadlivedtherealsoprovedsignificant.SectionBE“WethoughtwewSectionBHAnelderlypersonwhodescribesherselfasinpoorhealth,therefore,mightbenolessdepressedinassistedliving(evenifherchildrenpreferredit)thaninanursinghome.Apersonwhohadinputintowherehewouldmoveandhashadtimetoadapttoitmightdoaswellinanursinghomeasinasmallresidentialcarehome,otherfactorsbeingequal.Itisaninteractionbetweenthepersonandtheplace,notthesortofplaceinitself,thatleadstobetterorworseexperiences.“Youcan’tjustsay,‘Let’sputthispersoninaresidentialcarehomeinsteadofanursinghome—shewillbemuchbetteroff,”Dr.Robisonsaid.Whatmatters,sheadded,“isacombinationofwhatpeoplebringinwiththem,andwhattheyfindthere.”I Suchfindings,whichruncountertocommonsense,havesurfacedbefore.Inamulti-statestudyofassistedliving,forinstance,UniversityofNorthCarolinaresearchersfoundthatahostofvariables—thefacility’stype,sizeorage;whetherachainownedit;howattractivetheneighborhoodwas—hadnosignificantrelationshiptohowtheresidentsfaredintermsofillness,mentaldecline,hospitalizationsormortality.Whatmatteredmostwastheresidents’physicalhealthandmentalstatus.Whatpeoplewerelikewhentheycameinhadgreaterconsequencethanwhathappenedoncetheywerethere.SectionBHAnelderlypersoSectionBJ AsIwasconsideringallthis,apressreleasefromarespectedresearchfirmcrossedmydesk,announcingthatthefive-starratingsystemthatMedicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursinghomequalityalsohaslittlerelationshiptohowsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfamilymembersare.Asamatteroffact,consumersexpressedhighersatisfactionwiththeone-starfacilities,thelowestrated,thanwiththefive-starones.(Moreonthisstudyandthestarratingswillappearinasubsequentpost.)KBeforewecollectivelytearourhairout—howarewesupposedtofindourwayinalandscapethisconfusing?—hereisathoughtfromDr.PhilipSloane,ageriatrician(老年病學(xué)專家)attheUniversityofNorthCarolina:“Inaway,thatcouldbeliberatingforfamilies.”LOfcourse,sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacilities,talktotheadministratorsandresidentsandotherfamilies,anddoeverythingpossibletofulfilltheirduties.Butperhapstheydon’thavetoturnthemselvesintoprivateinvestigatorsorCongressionalsubcommittees.“Familiescanlookabitmoreforwheretheresidentsaregoingtobehappy,”Dr.Sloanesaid.Andinvolvingthefutureresidentintheprocesscanbeveryimportant.SectionBJ AsIwasconsidSectionBMWeallhaveourownideasaboutwhatwouldbringourparentshappiness.Theyhavetheirideas,too.Afriendrecentlytookhermothertovisitanexpensiveassistedliving/nursinghomenearmytown.Ihaveseenthisplace—itiselegant,insideandout.Butnobodygreetedthedaughterandmotherwhentheyarrived,thoughthevisithadbeenplanned;nobodyintroducedthemtotheotherresidents.Whentheyhadlunchinthediningroom,theysataloneatatable.NThedaughterfearedhermotherwouldbeignoredthere,andsoshedecidedtomoveherintoamorewelcomingfacility.Basedonwhatisemergingfromsomeofthisresearch,thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanytoreachadecision.36Manypeoplefeelguiltywhentheycannotfindaplaceotherthananursinghomefortheirparents.37Thoughithelpsforchildrentoinvestigatecarefacilities,involvingtheirparentsinthedecision-makingprocessmayproveveryimportant.ELSectionBMWeallhaveourSectionB38Itisreallydifficulttotellifassistedlivingisbetterthananursinghome.39Howaresidentfeelsdependsonaninteractionbetweenthemselvesandthecarefacilitytheylivein.40Theauthorthinksherfriendmadearationaldecisioninchoosingamorehospitableplaceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome.41ThesystemMedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityisoflittlehelptofindingasatisfactoryplace.42Atfirsttheresearchersofthemostrecentstudyfoundresidentsinassistedlivingfacilitiesgavehigherscoresonsocialinteraction.43Whatkindofcarefacilityoldpeopleliveinmaybelessimportantthanwethink.44Thefindingsofthelatestresearchweresimilartoanearliermulti-statestudyofassistedliving.45Aresident’ssatisfactionwithacarefacilityhasmuchtodowithwhethertheyhadparticipatedinthedecisiontomoveinandhowlongtheyhadstayedthere.BHNJFCIGSectionB38ItisreallydiffSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AsArtificialIntelligence(AI)becomesincreasinglysophisticated,therearegrowingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreat.Thisdangercanbeavoided,accordingtocomputerscienceprofessorStuartRussell,ifwefigureouthowtoturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode.Russellarguesthatasrobotstakeonmorecomplicatedtasks,it’snecessarytotranslateourmoralsintoAIlanguage.Forexample,ifarobotdoeschoresaroundthehouse,youwouldn’twantittoputthepetcatintheoventomakedinnerforthehungrychildren.“Youwouldwantthatrobotpreloadedwithagoodsetofvalues,”saidRussell.SectionCDirections:ThereareSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Somerobotsarealreadyprogrammedwithbasichumanvalues.Forexample,mobilerobotshavebeenprogrammedtokeepacomfortabledistancefromhumans.Obviouslythereareculturaldifferences,butifyouweretalkingtoanotherpersonandtheycameupcloseinyourpersonalspace,youwouldn’tthinkthat’sthekindofthingaproperlybrought-uppersonwoulddo.Itwillbepossibletocreatemoresophisticatedmoralmachines,ifonlywecanfindawaytosetouthumanvaluesasclearrules.Robotscouldalsolearnvaluesfromdrawingpatternsfromlargesetsofdataonhumanbehavior.Theyaredangerousonlyifprogrammersarecareless.Thebiggestconcernwithrobotsgoingagainsthumanvaluesisthathumanbeingsfailtodosufficienttestingandthey’veproducedasystemthatwillbreaksomekindoftaboo(禁忌).Onesimplecheckwouldbetoprogramarobottocheckthecorrectcourseofactionwithahumanwhenpresentedwithanunusualsituation.SectionCDirections:ThereareSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Iftherobotisunsurewhetherananimalissuitableforthemicrowave,ithastheopportunitytostop,sendoutbeeps(嘟嘟聲),andaskfordirectionsfromahuman.Ifwehumansaren’tquitesureaboutadecision,wegoandasksomebodyelse.Themostdifficultstepinprogrammingvalueswillbedecidingexactlywhatwebelieveismoral,andhowtocreateasetofethicalrules.Butifwecomeupwithananswer,robotscouldbegoodforhumanity.46Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthethreatofrobots? A.Itmayconstituteachallengetocomputerprogrammers. B.Itaccompaniesallmachineryinvolvinghightechnology. C.Itcanbeavoidedifhumanvaluesaretranslatedintotheirlanguage. D.Ithasbecomeaninevitableperilastechnologygetsmoresophisticated.CSectionCDirections:ThereareSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).47Whatwouldwethinkofapersonwhoinvadesourpersonalspaceaccordingtotheauthor? A.Theyareaggressive. B.Theyareoutgoing. C.Theyareignorant. D.Theyareill-bred.48Howdorobotslearnhumanvalues? A.Byinteractingwithhumansineverydaylifesituations. B.Byfollowingthedailyroutinesofcivilizedhumanbeings. C.Bypickinguppatternsfrommassivedataonhumanbehavior. D.Byimitatingthebehaviorofproperlybrought-uphumanbeings.DCSectionCDirections:ThereareSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).49Whatwillawell-programmedrobotdowhenfacinganunusualsituation? A.Keepadistancefrompossibledangers. B.Stoptoseekadvicefromahumanbeing. C.Triggeritsbuilt-inalarmsystematonce. D.Dosufficienttestingbeforetakingaction.50Whatismostdifficulttodowhenweturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode? A.Determinewhatismoralandethical. B.Designsomelarge-scaleexperiments. C.Setrulesforman-machineinteraction. D.Developamoresophisticatedprogram.BASectionCDirections:ThereareSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whydosomepeoplelivetobeolderthanothers?Youknowthestandardexplanations:keepingamoderatediet,engaginginregularexercise,etc.Butwhateffectdoesyourpersonalityhaveonyourlongevity(長壽)?Dosomekindsofpersonalitiesleadtolongerlives?AnewstudyintheJournalofAmericanGeriatricsSocietylookedatthisquestionbyexaminingthepersonalitycharacteristicsof246childrenofpeoplewhohadlivedtobeatleast100.Thestudyshowsthatthoselivingthelongestaremoreoutgoing,moreactiveandlessneurotic(神經(jīng)質(zhì)的)thanotherpeople.Long-livingwomenarealsomorelikelytobesympatheticandcooperativethan