(新高考)高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)第四編考前要點(diǎn)再排查三高考常考詞詞性變化練習(xí)新人教版

---三、高考常考詞詞性變化名詞(1)-ence,-ance結(jié)尾的名詞existfexistence存在differfdifference不同referfreference參考o(jì)ccurfoccurrence發(fā)生prefer-preference優(yōu)先權(quán)，偏好guidefguidance指導(dǎo)appearfappearance出現(xiàn)，夕卜表enterfentrance進(jìn)入acceptfacceptance接受performfperformance履行resistfresistance抵制insurefinsurance保險(xiǎn)assistfassistance幫助tolerateftolerance容忍-tion,-sion結(jié)尾的名詞introducefintroduction 介紹describefdescription 描述interruptfinterruption 打斷directfdirection方向，指導(dǎo)connectfconnection連接starvefstarvation挨餓realize一realization實(shí)現(xiàn)，領(lǐng)悟invitefinvitation邀請 producefproduction生產(chǎn)reducefreduction減少adopt-adoption采納；收養(yǎng)preventfprevention 防止receivefreception接收；接待處suggestfsuggestion建議edit—edition 編輯，版本exhibitfexhibition 展覽intendfintention打算，意圖recognizefrecognition認(rèn)出protectfprotection 保護(hù)instructfinstruction指令constructfconstruction建設(shè)rejectfrejection駁斥objectfobjection 反對collectfcollection收集selectfselection 挑選electfelection選舉conservefconservation保護(hù)observefobservation觀察organizeforganization組織examinefexamination 考試determinefdetermination 決定form一formation 形成inform一information通知imaginefimagination想象transportftransportation 運(yùn)輸expectfexpectation期待adapt-adaptation改編；適應(yīng)preparefpreparation 準(zhǔn)備explorefexploration 探索considerfconsideration考慮declarefdeclaration宣布decoratefdecoration裝飾inspire-inspiration 激發(fā)，靈感relaxfrelaxation放松，休閑communicatefcommunication交流occupy-occupation 占用；職業(yè)satisfy一satisfaction 滿足apply-application 申請，應(yīng)用recommend^recommendation 推薦combinefcombination結(jié)合operatefoperation操作；手術(shù)hesitatefhesitation猶豫educatefeducation教育locateflocation定位indicatefindication指出participatefparticipation參力口appreciatefappreciation欣賞，感激associatefassociation 聯(lián)想；協(xié)會separatefseparation分離investigatefinvestigation調(diào)查celebratefcelebration 慶祝congratulatefcongratulation祝賀translate-translation 翻譯acceleratefacceleration 力口速donatefdonation捐贈 liberatefliberation解放motivatefmotivation動力concentratefconcentration集中contributefcontribution貢獻(xiàn)distribute一distribution分發(fā)promotefpromotion 促進(jìn)devotefdevotion致力frustrateffrustration 沮喪dividefdivision 分配decidefdecision決定discussfdiscussion 討論 depressfdepression沮喪impressfimpression 象 expressfexpression 表達(dá)possessfpossession 擁有；財(cái)產(chǎn)expand—expansion 擴(kuò)大 extendfextension 延伸admitfadmission 承認(rèn)permitfpermission允許concludefconclusion 結(jié)論explodefexplosion爆炸confusefconfusion 迷惑-ment結(jié)尾的名詞amazesamazement驚奇improvefimprovement改進(jìn)achievefachievement完成agreefagreement 同意arrangefarrangement安排employfemployment 雇傭advertisefadvertisement廣告astonishfastonishment吃驚announce-^announcement通告assessfassessment 評估 developfdevelopment發(fā)展disappointfdisappointment 失望encouragefencouragement鼓舞entertain-entertainment款待，娛樂equipfequipment 裝備governfgovernment統(tǒng)治；政府manage^management管理punishfpunishment 懲罰requirefrequirement 要求settle-settlement協(xié)議；定居處state-statement 說明；陳述treat一treatment 對待；治療accomplishfaccomplishment成就；完成(4)-ness結(jié)尾的名詞eagerfeagerness渴望kind一kindness友好happyfhappiness幸福lonelyfloneliness孤獨(dú)quietfquietnesscarelessfcarelessness 粗心awarefawareness意識bitterfbitterness苦blindfblindness盲目calm一calmness冷靜cleverfcleverness聰明fairffairness公平foolishffoolishness愚蠢fitffitness適合；健康ill-illness疾病lazy-laziness 懶惰sad-sadness悲傷 sweetfsweetness 甜美thickfthickness 厚度tiredftiredness 累cold—coldness寒冷；冷淡nervousfnervousness惶恐不安homesickfhomesickness思鄉(xiāng)helplessfhelplessness無助hopelessfhopelessness無望-age結(jié)尾的名詞marryfmarriage 婚姻storefstorage 儲存shortfshortage 短缺 packfpackage 包裹passfpassage通道-th結(jié)尾的名詞warm-^warmth 溫暖trueftruth 真理dead—death 死亡 growfgrowth 成長-ure結(jié)尾的名詞pleasefpleasure 快樂fail一failure 失敗mix-mixture混合pressfpressure壓力departfdeparture 離開 exposefexposure 暴露signfsignature簽名(8)-ce結(jié)尾的名詞absentfabsence 缺席confidentfconfidence自信differentfdifference不同evidentfevidence證據(jù)patientfpatience 耐心' silentfsilence 沉默advisefadvice建議presentfpresence出席convenientfconvenience方便diligentfdiligence勤奮distantfdistance品巨離importantfimportance重要independentfindependence獨(dú)立innocentfinnocence天真，無辜intelligentfintelligence智力violentfviolence暴力(9)-dom結(jié)尾的名詞freeffreedom 自由wisefwisdom智慧(10)-hood結(jié)尾的名詞child—childhood 孩童時(shí)期neighborfneighborhood鄰里boy-boyhood少年時(shí)代(11)-ship結(jié)尾的名詞friendffriendship 友誼leaderfleadership 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能ownerfownership 所有權(quán)relationfrelationship關(guān)系hardfhardship 艱(難(12)-ing結(jié)尾的名詞trainftraining 訓(xùn)練 findfinding 發(fā)現(xiàn)sufferfsuffering痛苦greetfgreeting 問候paintfpainting 繪畫 farm一farming 農(nóng)業(yè)warm-^warming 變暖 mean^meaning 意思crossfcrossing 十字路口 belongfbelongings財(cái)產(chǎn)shoot-shooting 射擊feel-feeling 情感；感覺2.變形容詞(1)-y結(jié)尾的形容詞sun—sunny陽光燦爛的 health—healthy健康的dirt—dirty 臟的 wealth—wealthy 富有的greedfgreedy 貪婪白勺 taste—tasty美味的

rainfrainy多雨的 windfwindy 有風(fēng)的snow^snowy 被雪覆蓋的stormfstormy 有暴風(fēng)雨的fog—foggy多霧的ice-icy冰冷的mucRmuddy 泥濘的dustfdusty布滿灰塵的smell-smelly 臭的salt-salty 咸的(2)-al,-ial結(jié)尾的形容詞culture-cultural文化的agriculturefagricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的practicefpractical實(shí)際的musicfmusical 音樂的globe—global 全球的conditionfconditional 有條件的environmentfenvironmental環(huán)境的chemistryfchemical 化學(xué)的medicinefmedical醫(yī)學(xué)的originforiginal原始的politicsfpolitical政治的emotion—emotional 感情的；有感染力的nationfnational 國家的nature一natural自然的personfpersonal 個(gè)人的occasionfoccasional偶爾的mind一mental 精神上的physicsfphysical 身體上的accidentfaccidental偶然的accidentfaccidental偶然的education-educational教育的techniqueftechnicalracefracial種族的techniqueftechnicalracefracial種族的benefitfbeneficial技術(shù)上的typeftypical 典型的有益的 face一facial面部的industryfindustrial工業(yè)的finance—financial金融的industryfindustrial(3)-ful,-less結(jié)尾的形容詞thank-thankful感激的 success-successful 成功的peace-peaceful 和平的beauty-beautiful美麗的

faith—faithful 忠實(shí)的 joy―joyful高興的cheerfcheerful 高興的use-useful-useless有用的/無用的painfpainfulfpainless 痛苦的/無痛的harm^harmful一harmless有害的/無害的powerfpowerfulfpowerless強(qiáng)有力的/無力的carefcarefulfcareless 小心'的/粗心的color—colorful—colorless多彩的/無色的hop—hopeful-hopeless 抱有希望的/無望的help—helpful—helpless有幫助的，愿意幫忙的/無助的meaningfmeaningfulfmeaningless 有意義的 /無意義的speechfspeechless 說不出話的end—endless 無休止的home^homeless 無家可歸的job-jobless無業(yè)的selffselfless 無私的aim一aimless無目標(biāo)的pricefpriceless 珍貴的，無價(jià)的breath-breathless 上氣不接下氣的-(i)ous結(jié)尾的形容詞adventure-adventurous冒險(xiǎn)的dangerfdangerous 危險(xiǎn)的cautionfcautious 小心的poisonfpoisonous有毒的mountainfmountainous多山的ambitionfambitious有里予心的宗教的nervefnervous緊張的religion一religious宗教的-able,-(s)ible結(jié)尾的形容詞avoidfavoidable 可避免的forget一forgettable可忘記的comfort-comfortable舒服的believef(un)believable(不)可信的可靠的令人愉快的有價(jià)值的 suit一可靠的令人愉快的有價(jià)值的 suit一suitable可忍受的合適的enjoyfenjoyablevaluefvaluablebearfbearableafford—affordable 支付得起的adapt-adaptable 適應(yīng)力強(qiáng)的renewfrenewable 可更新的portfportable 便攜的 change-^changeable 多變的reasonfreasonable合理的accessf(in)accessible(不)可接近的(6)-tive結(jié)尾的形容詞create一creative 有創(chuàng)造力的attractfattractive 迷人的protectfprotective保護(hù)的talk—talkative 健談的instructfinstructive 有教育意義的effectfeffective 有效的 producefproductive 多產(chǎn)的relatefrelative相關(guān)的compete-^competitive 有競爭力的(7)-tic，-fic結(jié)尾的形容詞systemfsystematic 系統(tǒng)的 romance-^romantic 浪漫的sympathyfsympathetic 有同情心的energyfenergetic 精力充沛的sciencefscientific科學(xué)的(8)-en結(jié)尾的形容詞woocRwooden木制的goldfgolden金色的woolfwoolen 羊毛的(9)-some結(jié)尾的形容詞hand—handsome英俊的 awe-^awesome令人敬畏的troubleftroublesome令人煩惱的tireftiresome 煩人的(10)-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞dead—deadly 致命的live一lively活躍的friend一friendly 友好的 monthsmonthly 每月的cost-costly 昂貴的order-orderly 有秩序的loveflovely 可愛的 yearfyearly 每年的weeQweekly 每周的3.變副詞(1)形容詞詞尾直接加-ly變副詞real—really 真正地helpful—helpfully 有幫助地careful—carefully 細(xì)心地hopeful—hopefully 有希望地slowfslowly 慢慢地 quick—quickly快速地quiet-quietly安靜地 rude-rudely 無禮地polite—politely 有禮貌地 widefwidely 寬闊地fortunate-fortunately幸運(yùn)地(2)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞要變 y為i,然后再加-lybusy一busily 繁忙地angry-angrily生氣地easy—easily 容易地healthy—healthily 健康地happyfhappily 高興地 heavy-heavily 沉重地noisy一noisily 吵鬧地(3)某些以輔音字母加不發(fā)音的字母 e結(jié)尾和以-ue結(jié)尾的形容詞要先去掉 e,然后再加-y或-lyterrible-terribly可怕地true-truly真正地gentle-gently溫柔地simple-simply簡單地possible-possibly可能地comfortable-comfortably 舒服地4.變動詞(1)-en結(jié)尾的動詞dark-darken 變暗 quick-quicken 力口快sharpfsharpen肖ij尖loosefloosen 松開softfsoften軟化worsefworsen惡化light—lighten減輕，變亮broad—broaden加寬weaCweaken 削弱tightftighten變緊bright—brighten 使更明亮black-blacken變黑short-shorten縮短adj.一n.一v.dee尸depthfdeepen 力口深longflengthflengthen力口長wide一width一widen 加寬highfheightfheighten 力口強(qiáng)，提高strongfstrengthfstrengthen力口強(qiáng)(2)en-前綴的動詞ablefenable 使能夠largefenlarge 使擴(kuò)大dangerfendanger使 遭受危險(xiǎn)surefensure保證(3)-e結(jié)尾的動詞(注意發(fā)音變化)bath一bathe 洗澡breath-breathe呼吸c(diǎn)loth-clothe 給 穿衣5.變否定in-,im-/il-,ir-active-inactive不活躍的experiencedfinexperienced缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的complete一incomplete不完整的dependentfindependent獨(dú)立的significantfinsignificant不重要的capablefincapable 無能力的proper-improper不合適的appropriatefinappropriate 不合適的accuratefinaccurate 不精確的correct一incorrect 不正確的expensivefinexpensive不貴的formal—informal 非正式的；隨便的convenientfinconvenient 不方便的direct—indirect 間接的mature一immature不成熟的patient-impatient 不耐煩的perfectfimperfect 不完美的possiblefimpossible 不可能的polite—impolite不禮貌的logical—illogical 不合邏輯的legal