輪機(jī)英語2013大管輪題庫

◆Thedistancebetweenthebottomofthehullandthewaterlineiscalled____.A.tonnageB.reservebuoyancyC.draftD.freeboard

◆Foranuprightvessel,draftistheverticaldistancebetweenthekeelandthe____.A.waterlineB.freeboarddeckC.PlimsollmarkD.amidshipssection

◆hetrimofavesselisthe____.A.valueofthemeandraftB.degreeoflistC.amountofrollD.differenceinforeandaftdrafts

◆Thedifferencebetweenthestarboardandportdraftscausedbyatransverseshiftinweightis____.A.listB.heelC.trim首尾吃水差D.flotation

◆Whenashipinloadedconditionfloatsatarbitrarywaterline,itsdisplacementistotherelevantmassofwaterdisplaceA.equalB.largerC.smallerD.equivalent

◆Thedisplacementofashipistothetotalweight,alltold,oftherelevantloadedship.A.largerB.equalC.smallerD.equivalent

◆Ifthebuoyantforceonaship’shullisequaltoorgreaterthanthedisplacementtonnage,theshipwill____.A.requireballastaddedtoonlytheportsidetanksB.bedownbytheheadC.sinkD.float

◆Youmayimproveavessel’sstabilityby____.A.keepingthefueltankstoppedoffB.increasingthefreesurfaceeffectC.keepingthefueltanksatleasthaftfullD.keepingatleastonefueltankemptyforslops

◆Thestabilityofavesselisnormallythegreatestwhenallfuelandwatertanksarefullbecausethe____.A.centerofgravityisloweredB.centerofbuoyancyisloweredC.reservebuoyancyisunchangedD.hullfreeboardisincreased

◆Thedepthoftheshipbelowwaterlinemeasuredverticallytothelowestpartofthehulliscalled.A.trimB.leanC.draftD.tonnage

◆Inusingreductiongearstoobtainefficientpropellerspeeds,.A.theymustbelocatedattheafterendoftheengineB.theycanonlybeusedwithoneengineatatimeC.theyeliminatetheneedforcontrollablepitchpropellersD.theyareconnectedtotheenginewithaflexiblecoupling

◆Adieselengineisoperatingat1800rpmanddrivingapropellerat600rpm.Whatisthespeedreductionratio?A．0.30to1B.3.00to1C.3.33to1D.33.0to1

◆Whyagearboxisneededinashipdrivenbyamedium-speeddieselengine?..A.ToreducethemainenginespeedB.Toincreasethemainenginespeed.C.TogovernthemainenginespeedD.Tofixthepropellershaft.

◆Propulsionofthevastmajorityofcontemporarymerchantshipsutilizes______asprimemover.A.gasturbineB.dieselengineC.steamengineD.gasolineengine

◆Typicalmarinepropulsionplantsinclude_____directlycoupledtothevessel’ssinglelarge-diameter,fixed-pitchpropeller.A.asingle,long-stroke,slow-speed,turbocharged,two-strokedieselengineB.asingle,long-stroke,medium-speed,turbocharged,four-strokedieselengineC.twomedium-speed,turbocharged,four-strokedieselenginesD.avariable-speedACgenerator

◆The_____engineisusedforalternatorsandsometimesformainpropulsionwithagearboxtoprovideapropellerspeedofbetween90to120rpm.A.four-strokeB.slowspeedC.two-strokeD.reversible

◆Somemediumandhighspeeddieselenginesrequirereductiongearunitstoprovideausefulpropellerspeed.Inmostreductiongears,thebullgear.A.mustchurntheoilinthesumpB.isconnectedtothepropellershaftC.isdrivenatthehighestrpmD.compensatesforalignmentvariationsbetweentheengineandpiniongear

◆Whenusedwithreversingreductiongears,medium-speeddieselenginesshouldbeboltedtotheirfoundationswithfittedboltsatthedriveendandclearanceboltsinotherlocations.Thisisdoneto.A.maintainalignmentwhentheship’shullisworkinginheavyseasB.ensureenginevibrationscorrespondtothenaturalfrequencyofthehullC.permittheenginetoexpandawayfromthedrivenequipmentastheengineheatsupandexpandsD.maintainenginethrustbearingclearances

◆Theterm“ship”isusedtodenotea______em?ployedtotransportgoodsandpersonsfromonepointtoanotheroverwater.A.bargeB.vehicleC.tankD.lighter

◆Shippropulsionnormallyoccurswiththehelpofa______,whichisthetermmostwidelyusedinEnglish,al?thoughtheword“screw”issometimesseen,interaliaincombinationssuchasa“twin-screw”propulsionplant.A.thrusterB.screwC.rivetD.propeller

◆Today,theprimarysourceofpropel?lerpoweristhe______,andthepowerrequirementandrateofrevolutionverymuchdependontheship’shullformandthepropellerde?sign.A.dieselengineB.steamturbineC.gasturbineD.nuclearplant

◆Thethreelargestcategoriesofshipsarecontainerships,______andtankers,whichagaincanbedividedintomorepreciselydefinedclassesandtypes.A.bulkcarriersB.generalcargoshipsC.passengershipsD.reefers

◆Displacementcomprisestheship’slightweightanditsdeadweight,wherethe______isequaltotheship’sloadedcapacity,includingbunkersandothersuppliesnecessaryfortheship’spropulsion.A.displacementB.lightweightC.heavyweightD.deadweight

◆Besidesthemetricton,thereistheEnglishton,whichisalsocalledthe“______”.A.longtonB.shorttonC.middletonD.coldton

◆Thelightweightofashipisnotnor?mallyusedtoindicatethesizeofaship,whereasthe______,basedontheship’sloadingcapacity,includingfuelandlubeoilsetc.forop?erationoftheship,measuredintonsatscantlingdraught,oftenis.A.displacementtonnageB.lightweighttonnageC.heavyweighttonnageD.deadweighttonnage

◆Theinfluenceoffrictionalandresidualresistancesdependsonhowmuchofthehullis______thewaterline,whiletheinfluenceofairresistancedependsonhowmuchoftheshipis______thewa?terline.A.below/aboveB.below/belowC.above/belowD.above/above

◆Waveresistancereferstotheenergylosscausedbywavescreatedbythevesselduringitspropulsionthroughthewater,whileeddyresistancereferstothelosscausedbyflowseparationwhichcre?ateseddies,particularlyatthe______oftheship.A.aftendB.foreendC.middleD.deck

◆Thedieselengineisatypeofinternalcombustionenginewhichignitesthefuelbyinjectingitintohot,highpressureairina________.A.airbottleB.crankcaseC.aircompressorD.combustionchamber

◆Theenergyassociatedwithmoleculesisknownas____.A.kineticenergyB.potentialenergyC.mechanicalenergyD.thermalenergy

◆Thermalenergyintransitionisalsoreferredtoas.A.heatB.powerC.horsepowerD.foot-pound

◆Whichofthefollowingformsofenergyisdemonstratedthroughtheprocessofcombustion?A.ChemicalenergyB.Mechanicalenergy.C.Thermalenergy.D.Electricalenergy.

◆Asaheatengine,energyisthesourceofpowerbywhichthedieselenginecanbeoperated.A.electricB.mechanicalC.heatD.exhaust

◆Tomeetthemarketrequirements,amarinedieselengineshouldnotbeof____.A.bigsizeB.fueleconomyC.lowspeedD.highpower

◆Thedieselengineisatypeof____.A.turbineengineB.steamengineC.gasturbineD.internalcombustionengine

◆Wecallashipequippedwithdieselmainengine“____”.A.atugboatB.anoiltankerC.asalvageshipD.amotorvessel

◆Dieselenginesareclassifiedasreciprocatinginternalcombustionenginesbecausethey____.A.useenergyfromfuelburnedoutsidetheircylindersB.burnfuelinacombustionchamberthatmovesbackandforthC.burnfuelinachamberwhereitsenergymovesapistonbackandforthD.useacontinuouscombustionprocesstoimpartrotarymotiontothepistons

◆Sincetheburningorcombustiontakesplacewithintheengineitself,theengineisknownas_____.A.afire-tubeboilerB.anexternalcombustionengineC.aninternalcombustionengineD.Aninternalcombustiongenerator

◆Whatdeterminesthenumberofeventsoccurringinacycleofoperationinaninternalcombustionengine?A.Crankshaftrevolution.B.Typeofengine.C.Distanceapistontravelsduringastroke.D.Numberofpistons.

◆Therearefourmaintypesofmarineengines:andthemarinenuclearplant.A.thedieselengine,thesteamturbineanddual-fuelengineB.thedieselengine,thesteamturbineandthegasturbineC.thegas-dieselengine,thegasolineengineandthedieselengineD.thegasolineengine,thedieselengineandthesteamturbine

◆Gasturbinesdifferfromsteamenginesinthat_____.A.steamratherthangasisusedtoturnashaftB.vaporratherthangasisusedtoturnashaftC.theformerusesgastoturnashaftD.thelatterusesgastoturnashaft

◆.canbefoundonmostmediumtolargemerchantvesselsevenifthemainengineiseitherasteamturbineor2-strokecrossheadengineA.Themediumspeed4-stroketrunkpistonengineB.Thelowspeed2-strokecrossheadengineC.Themediumspeed2-strokecrossheadengineD.Thelowspeed4-stroketrunkpistonengine

◆Adieselengineissimilartoagasolineengineexceptthattheformerhasno____.A.pistonB.connectingrodC.cylinderD.sparkplug

◆Thedieselengineconsumesconsiderablylessfuelthanthesteamengineforequaloutput;____enablesamotor-shiptoloadmorecargo.A.whyB.whichC.inwhichD.onwhich

◆Thedieselengineissimilartothegasolineengineinthat____.A.bothofthemareignitedbycompressedairB.bothofthemaretheformsofexternalcombustionenginesC.bothofthemhavesparkplugsD.thepowerisdevelopedbythepistoninthecylinder

◆Themainoperatingcharacteristicofdieselengineswhichdistinguishesthemfromotherinternalcombustionenginesisthe.A.methodofsupplyingairB.coolingsystemC.methodofignitingfuelD.valveoperatingmechanism

◆Whichofthefollowingreasonsrepresentswhythedesignedcompressionratioofagasolineengineislowerthanthatofadieselengine?A.CompressionmustbelowforeffectivesparkignitionB.CompressionmustbelowforrequiredhorsepowerandtorquegenerationC.Compressionmustbelowtopreventpre-ignitionD.Compressionmustbelowtohaveeffectivepre-ignition

◆Dieselengineelectricstartingmotorsgenerallyrequireheavierdutymotorsandoperateathighervoltagesthancomparablestartingmotorsforgasolineenginesdueto_____.A.higherspeedrequiredB.flywheeleffectC.lowerstartingtemperaturesD.highercompressionpressures

◆Therotatingrangeofthelowspeeddieselengineisusuallylowerthan.A.100rpmB.200rpmC.300rpmD.500rpm

◆Thetermmediumspeeddieselengineiscurrentlytakentomeananenginewithanoperatingrotationalspeedof______rpm.A.below300B.between300to1200C.above1200D.below1200

◆Adieselenginewhichisratedfornormaloperationatacrankshaftspeedof800RPM,iscommonlyclassedasa_______.A.slow-speeddieselB.medium-speeddieselC.high-speeddieselD.constant-speeddiesel

◆Themajorityofmediumspeedandhighspeedmarinedieselenginesformainorauxiliarydriveoperatein______cycle.A.two-strokeB.ling-strokeC.four-strokeD.short-stroke

◆Theslowspeedmainpropulsiondieselusuallyoperatedon____.A.thefourstrokecycleB.thetwostrokecycleC.thefour-strokecycleD.thetwo-strokecycle

◆Mostoften________isattachedtotheengine-propellershaftforefficientelectricpowergeneration.A.avariable-speedACgeneratorB.afixed-speedACgeneratorC.anairblowerD.aDCgenerator

◆Dieselenginesinsteadofsteamengineswereusedasmainengineonboardshipsismainlybecause______.A.theyhaveahighmechanicalefficiencyB.theyhaveahighthermalefficiencyC.theyaremorereliableD.theyaresimpleinconstruction

◆HitachiB&W,2-strokecycle,singleactingdirectreversible,cross-head,weldingdesigntypedieselenginewithturbo-charge,theseinformationrefersto.A.thetypeofapumpB.thetypeofanauxiliaryequipmentC.thetypeofaturbo-chargeD.thetypeofadieselengine

◆Marinefour-strokedieselenginesaremainly.A.ofcrossheadtypeB.oftrunkpistontypeC.oflowspeedtypeD.alltheabove

◆Amongthemainpropulsionunitsonboardtheshipwiththesamecapacity,thelightestoneis.A.steamengineB.steamturbineC.gasturbineD.dieselengine

◆Theslowspeedmainpropulsiondieseloperatesontwo-stokecycle.Atthislowspeedtheenginerequiresnoreductiongearboxbetweenitand.A.thrustblocksB.flyingwheelC.propellerD.rudder

◆Mediumspeedengineshavea______powertoweightratiothantheslowspeedtwo-strokes,butduetothehigherspeedstendtohave______maintenanceintervalsA.higher/reducedB.higher/increasedC.lower/reducedD.lower/increased

◆Owingtoits,thelowspeedcross-headdieselengineiswidelyusedonboardshipasamainengineA.smallersizeandsimpleconstructionB.longlife,lowercostandreliabilityC.easieroperationandmanagementD.simpleconstructionandeasiermanagement

◆_______areincreasinglyusedasmainengineonmerchantvessels,becausetheyhaveahighHp/Weightratio.A.SlowspeeddieselenginesB.Medium-speeddieselenginesC.SteamenginesD.Gasolineengines

◆Thereasonwhymoreandmoreofthelargemerchantvesselsarebeingpoweredbymediumspeeddieselenginesis.A.theyoperatebetween150and450rpmB.theyareconnectedtothepropellerbygearingC.theirsmallersizeandweightD.theycanbeconnecteddirectlytothepropellerwithoutgearing

◆Thefinalcalculationmethodofthe_____andhowtoawardcompliancehasnotyetbeendetermined.A.EEDIB.SMCRC.NCRD.SFOC

◆Theefficiencyofatwo-strokemainengineparticularlydependson_____.A.theratiooftheminimumpressureandthemeaneffectivepressureB.theratioofthemeanpressureandthemeaneffectivepressure.C.theratioofthemeanpressureandthemaximumeffectivepressureD.theratioofthemaximumpressureandthemeaneffectivepressure.

◆Itisaverifiedfactthatthehigher_____ofatwo-strokeengine,thehigher_____.A.theengineefficiency…thestroke/boreratioB.thestroke/boreratio…theengineefficiencyC.thebore/strokeratio…theengineefficiencyD.theengineefficiency…thebore/strokeratio

◆Themainengine’s75%_____figureisasstandardappliedinthecalculationofthe_____figure,inwhichalsotheCO2emissionfromtheauxiliaryenginesoftheshipisincluded.A.EEDI…SMCRB.SFOC…EEDIC.SMCR…EEDID.SMCR…SFOC

◆OneofthegoalsinthemarineindustrytodayistoreducetheimpactofCO2emissionsfromshipsand,therefore,toreducethe______forthepropulsionofshipstothewidestpossibleextentatanyload.A.fuelconsumptionB.lubeoilconsumptionC.freshwaterconsumptionD.sparepartsconsumption

◆BasedonanaveragereferenceCO2emissionfromexistingcontainervessels,theCO2emissionfromnewcontainervesselsingramperdwtpernauticalmilemustbe______thereferenceemissionfiguresvalidforthespecificcontainervessel.A.equaltoorlowerthanB.largerthanC.independentofD.dependentof

◆Amoretechnicallyadvanceddevelopmentdriveincludesoptimizingtheaftbodyoftheship,makingitpossibletoinstallpropellerswithalargerpropellerdiameterand,thereby,obtaining______propellerefficiency,butata______optimumpropellerspeed.A.higher/reducedB.higher/increasedC.lower/reducedD.lower/increased

◆EEDIrepresentstheamountof______ingramemittedwhentransportingonedeadweighttonnageofcargoonenauticalmile.A.carbonmonoxideB.carbondioxideC.exhaustgasesD.NOX

◆Ingeneral,thelargerthepropellerdiameter,the______thepropellerefficiencyandthe______theoptimumpropellerspeedreferringtoanoptimumratioofthepropellerpitchandpropellerdiameter.A.higher/higherB.higher/lowerC.lower/lowerD.lower/higher

◆Theefficiencyofatwo-strokemainengineparticularlydependsontheratioofthemaximumpressureandthemeaneffectivepressure.Thehighertheratio,the______theengineefficiency,i.e.the_____theSpecificFuelOilConsumption.A.higher/higherB.higher/lowerC.lower/lowerD.lower/higher

◆Ofalltypesofcommercialinternalcombustionenginesnowbuilt,whichoneusuallygivesthebestperformance,andhenceitisA.steamengineB.gasolineengineC.gasturbineD.dieselengine

◆Large,slowspeed,two-strokemarinedieselenginesoffertheadvantagesofthefollowingexcept_________.A.burningpoorerquality,cheaperfuelB.providinglargepowerC.beingreversibleD.usinglessoilthanmediumspeedengines

◆Whyareslowspeeddieselenginesespeciallytall?A.Becauseinthiswaythepistoncanbewithdrawndownwards.B.Theenginecanoccupylargerspace.C.Theenginemayhavelongstrokeswhichimproveengineefficiency.D.Moremaintenanceisprovided.

◆Large,slowspeed,two-strokemarinedieselenginesaredirectlycoupledtothepropelleranddonotrequirea____________.A.pistonB.gearboxesC.crankshaftD.thrustblock

◆Sincemostmedium-speeddieselenginesarenon-reversible,whatisusuallyusedtocaterforasternthrust?A.areversinggearB.acontrollablepitchpropellerC.afixedpitchpropellerD.aclutch

◆Mediumspeedengineshavethefollowingadvantagesexcept___________.A.MediumspeedenginesuselessoilthanslowspeedenginesB.Mediumspeedenginesoflatertypearecapableofburninglowqualityheavyfueloil.C.TheengineshavelongstrokeswhichimproveengineefficiencyD.Theenginesarecompact,thusprovidingmorespacesforcargoesandpassengers.

◆Whatistheapplicationofhigh-speeddieselenginesatsea?A.TheyareusedforemergencypowergenerationtosmallapplicationsB.Theyareusedforelectricalpowergenerationonboardshipsdrivenbymedium-speedpropulsionengines.C.Theycanbeusedontugs,ferriesandbargesetc.asmainengines.D.Alloftheabove.

◆Powerisdefinedasthe____.A.rateofdoingworkB.amountofforceneededtoovercomefrictionC.amountofworkaccomplishedD.distancethroughwhichanobjectismoved

◆Mechanicalenergyintransitionisreferredtoas____.A.horsepowerB.workC.heatD.velocity

◆Whichofthefollowingtermscouldbeappliedtothesimpledef