2015年高考英語高頻詞匯記憶及訓(xùn)練8

高考高頻詞匯必背及訓(xùn)練系列8第6頁共6頁高考高頻詞匯必背及訓(xùn)練系列81.optimisticadj.樂觀的Wearestilloptimistic,whatevertheresultmaybe.我們?nèi)匀粯酚^，不論結(jié)果如何。Thestockholdersareoptimisticaboutthecompany'sfuture.股東對公司的前景很樂觀。反義詞：pessimisticadj.悲觀的Herpessimisticattitudeturnshimoff.她那悲觀的態(tài)度令他很不高興。________，sheisthesortofwomantospreadsunshinetopeoplethroughhersmile. A．Shyandcautious B．SensitiveandthoughtfulC．Honestandconfident D．Lightheartedandoptimistic2.climaten.(1)氣候Sheisnotusedtolivinginacoldclimate.她不習(xí)慣寒帶生活。(2)(某一社會、時代的)風(fēng)氣，趨勢；氣氛，環(huán)境氣氛socialclimate社會風(fēng)氣politicalclimate政治氣候thecurrentclimateofopinion目前的輿論環(huán)境Aftertherevolution，theclimateofthecountryremainedtense.革命以后，那個國家的氣氛依然緊張。climate/weather辨析climate：氣候，指一個地區(qū)氣候的總情況，如氣溫、降雨量等，還可指(社會)風(fēng)氣。weather：天氣，指特定的一天或某個時節(jié)的天氣的具體情況，如冷暖陰晴等。Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?明天天氣怎樣？IwouldratherliveinFrancebecauseoftheclimate.由于氣候原因，我寧愿住在法國。單項(xiàng)填空(1)Forthesakeofherdaughter'shealth，shedecidedtomovetoawarm________.A．weather B．temperatureC．season D．climate(2)Althoughfarmerstheremainlygrowwheat，the________isalsowarmenoughtogrowrice.A．criminalB．climateC．a(chǎn)irD．sky3.flood(1)n.洪水，水災(zāi)(可數(shù))Thetownwasdestroyedbythefloodsafterthestorm.暴風(fēng)雨過后，小鎮(zhèn)被洪水淹沒了。(2)n.大批，大量流入Therewasafloodofcomplaintsaboutthepoorserviceattherestaurant.許多人投訴這家餐館服務(wù)質(zhì)量差勁?？键c(diǎn)提示：afloodofwords口若懸河afloodoftears淚如泉涌afloodofanger勃然大怒(3)vt.&vi.淹沒；大量涌到Theriverfloodedthevillage.河水淹沒了村莊。Workerscontinuetofloodintoneighbouringcitiestolookforjobs.工人們不斷涌進(jìn)鄰近的城市找工作。完成句子(1)大批感謝信像潮水般涌來。Lettersofthanks________.(2)大批的人涌進(jìn)大廳。________crowdedintothehall.(3)辦公室堆滿了應(yīng)聘這個職位的求職信。Theofficewas________applicationsforthejob.（4）Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome，memorycame________back. A．floodingB．tofloodC．floodD．flooded4.realityn．現(xiàn)實(shí)，實(shí)際；真實(shí)，實(shí)際存在Hishopehasbecomeareality.他的希望已變成現(xiàn)實(shí)?？键c(diǎn)提示：bringsbbacktoreality使某人面對現(xiàn)實(shí)，不再抱有幻想inreality＝infact事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上，其實(shí)turnsthintoreality使……變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)escapefromreality逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)faceuptoreality面對現(xiàn)實(shí)realadj.真實(shí)的reallyadv.真實(shí)/正地realisticadj.現(xiàn)實(shí)的，實(shí)際的realizev．實(shí)現(xiàn)realizeone'sdream實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想單項(xiàng)填空Iamsavingmymoney，somydreamoftravellingtoEuropewill________.A．cometrue B．realizeC．becometrue D．turnintoareality5.affect(1)vt.影響Smokingaffectshealth.吸煙影響健康。(2)使感動，被打動(一般用被動)Allthegirlsweredeeplyaffectedbythesadmovie.那部悲傷的電影深深地打動了所有的姑娘。Hisspeechaffectedtheaudiencedeeply.她的演講深深地打動了聽眾。(3)(指疾病)侵襲，使感染Theleftlungisaffectedbycancer.左肺受到癌癥侵蝕?？键c(diǎn)提示：(1)affectedadj.做作的，不自然的affecting(moving，touching)adj.使人感動的affectionn．(C，U)感情；慈愛；摯愛Hearingtheaffectingstory，allthechildrenpresentwereaffectedtotears.聽了這感人的故事，所有在場的孩子都感動得流下了熱淚。Hefeltgreataffectionforhissister.他很疼他的妹妹。(2)effectn．影響；結(jié)果；作用sideeffect副作用havean/noeffecton...對……有(無)影響causeandeffect因果完成句子(1)Thewholecommunity________(受影響)bytheterribleaccident.(2)Smokingcan________(對……有壞影響)yourhealth.單項(xiàng)填空(3)Iftakeninthewrongway，themedicinewillhavesomeside________and________yourhealth.A．effect；affect B．a(chǎn)ffects；effectC．effects；affect D．effects；affectsWiththegovernment'said，those________bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.A．a(chǎn)ffect B．a(chǎn)ffectingC．a(chǎn)ffected D．wereaffected6.offer(1)vt.(主動)提供/給予，出(價)，提出eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(offersbsth,offersthtosb))向某人提供某物offersbmoneyforsth開/出價給某人買某物offersbsthformoney以……價格賣給某人……offertodosth主動提出要做什么offeroneselfas...毛遂自薦……Sheofferedtocarrytheboxforhermother.她提出要幫她母親搬箱子。Iofferedhimaglassofwine.我敬了他一杯酒。Weofferedhimthehousefor5,000dollars.我們以5000美元的價賣給他那所房子。Iofferedhim5,000dollarsforthehouse.我出價5000美元買他那所房子。Heofferedhimselfasaguide.他毛遂自薦作一名向?qū)А?2)n.出價，提議，意圖accept/takeanoffer(ofsth/todosth)接受(做……的)提議makeanoffertodosth主動要做……Yououghttoaccepttheoffer.你應(yīng)該接受別人主動提出的幫助。Thankyouforyourofferofhelp/youroffertohelp.感謝你提供的幫助。單項(xiàng)填空(1)Ihavebeen_________alargesumofmoneytogoaway，butIamdeterminedtostayhere.A．suffered B．forcedC．a(chǎn)llowed D．offered(2)—Whydidyouleavethatposition?—I_________abetterpositionatIBM.A．offerB．offeredC．a(chǎn)moffered D．wasoffered(3)—CanIhelpyouwithit?—Iappreciateyour________，butIcanmanageitmyself. A．a(chǎn)dvice B．question C．offer D．idea7.harm(1)n.傷害，損害，危害eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(dosb/sthharm,doharmtosb/sth))對……有害donoharm無害meannoharm(to...)(對……)沒有惡意，無意傷害別人domoreharmthangood弊多利少，壞處大于好處cometonoharm沒有受到傷害Hemeantnoharm；hewasjustjoking.他并無惡意，僅僅是開玩笑。Theheavyraindidalotofharmtothecrops.大雨對莊稼造成很大的損害。(2)v.損害，傷害，危害Don'tharmyoureyesbyreadinginthedimlight.別在昏暗的光線下看書，這樣會傷害你的眼睛。Gettingupearlywon'tharmyou!早起對你無害。harmfuladj.有害的，傷害的beharmfultosb/sth對……有害harmlessadj.無害的，無惡意的hurt/wound/injure/harm辨析hurt：傷害，可指肉體上的輕傷，也可指感情上的挫傷。還可指人身體部位疼痛、刺痛。wound：刺傷，常指在打斗中，由外來暴力造成的刀傷、槍傷、劍傷，程度較重。injure：傷害，受傷，多指意外事故對肉體、健康造成的傷害。harm：傷害，多指給人的肉體或精神帶來的傷害、不安或不便，尤指對健康造成損害。完成句子(1)Thechildfelloverbut__________________(沒有傷著).(2)Ihurtherfeelings，but_____________________________(我并無惡意)．單項(xiàng)填空(3)Givingchildrenwhatevertheywant________.A．dothemharmB．harmthemC．doesharmforthem D．isharmfultothem(4)Mrs.Green'scarranintoalargetreeandshe________intheaccident.A．gotbadlyhurt B．wasinjuredbadlyC．gotbadlywounded D．waswoundedbadly(5)Mychest________whenImakeadeepbreath，doctor.A．harmsB．woundsC．hurtsD．injures8.fashionn．流行，時尚，時髦bein/outoffashion正在/不再流行comeintofashion流行起來gooutoffashion漸漸過時followthefashion趕時髦afashionshow時裝表演Theskirtisoutoffashion.這件裙子過時了。翻譯句子(1)這些歌曲已經(jīng)不流行了。______________________________________________________單項(xiàng)填空(2)G3mobilephoneshavecomeinto________.Manyyoungpeoplelovetouseit.A．power B．fashionC．effect D．view9.fancyvt.想像；想要做；幻想n.幻想，愛好，設(shè)想takethefancyof...引起……的喜愛fancydoing...想像做……，想要做……fancyone'sdoing想像某人做……fancysbtobe/as...想像某人是……Ican'tfancyhisdoingsuchathing.我真無法想像他會做這樣一件事。Fancymeetingsomanyoldfriendshere!真想不到在這里遇到這么多老朋友。完成句子(2)我從未想到他會成為歌手。Ihavenever____________________________________asinger.(3)今晚我不想呆在家里。Idon't________________________________tonight.10.suggestionn．建議，提議rejectone'ssuggestion拒絕某人的建議makeasuggestion提出/做出建議opentosuggestions歡迎提建議at/onsb'ssuggestion按照某人的建議考點(diǎn)提示：suggestion(建議，提議)對應(yīng)的主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中的謂語動詞用“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)preparefortheexaminationtonight.我的提議是今晚為考試作準(zhǔn)備。Thesuggestionthatwe(should)holdanEnglisheveningissogreat.我們將舉行一個英語晚會的建議真是太好了。suggestv.(1)vt.建議，提議suggesteq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sthtosb向某人建議或提議,one'sdoingsth建議做某事,that-clause從句中謂語動詞用,“should＋do”，should,可以省略。))Shesuggestedavisittotheparkthisafternoon.她建議今天下午去參觀那個公園。Mymothersuggestedour/usgoingtothecinema.我母親建議我們?nèi)タ措娪啊esuggestedthatwe(should)finishtheworkaheadoftime.我們建議提前完成工作。(2)vt.暗示，表明suggesteq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(n.,that-clause從句中謂語動詞用陳述語氣))Hersun-tannedfacesuggestsexcellenthealth.她那被太陽曬黑的臉表明她非常健康。Whattheboysaidsuggestedthathewashonest.這個男孩所說的話表明他很誠實(shí)。注意：suggest不能用于suggestsb(not)todosth。(1)Billsuggested________ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.A．havingheld B．toholdC．holding D．hold(2)Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplace________thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftheriksofsmoking.A．suggest B．suggestsC．suggestedD．suggesting答案：1.句意：豁達(dá)而樂觀使她成為了能用自己的微笑把陽光傳遞給他人的那種女人。A項(xiàng)意思是“害羞而小心”，B項(xiàng)是“敏感而多慮”，C項(xiàng)是“誠實(shí)而自信”，D項(xiàng)是“豁達(dá)而樂觀”。根據(jù)句意和語法應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。答案D2.(1)D(2)B3.(1)floodedin(2)Afloodof