高考英語語法名詞性從句ppt

句子分類句子簡單句復(fù)合句四種句子結(jié)構(gòu)形容詞性從句副詞性從句名詞性從句陳述句疑問句祈使句感嘆句主謂主謂賓主謂賓賓補(bǔ)主謂雙賓主系表定語從句狀語從句

賓語從句表語從句主語從句同位語從句并列句and/but/so名詞性從句引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫做名詞性從句。推廣所有定義。連接代詞who,whom,whose,which,what,whatever等連接副詞how,why,when,where,however,wherever等單純性連接詞that,whether,if,becauseasif/asthough（不充當(dāng)從句的任何成分）等在名詞性從句中一律用陳述句語序，即使從句表達(dá)的是疑問含義。其實(shí)所有的從句中都要用陳述句語序。Theproblemiswhathehasdonetothelittleboy.1.主語從句在句中作主語的句子叫主語從句。主語從句通常由單純性連接詞that，whether和連接代詞what,who,which,whatever,whoever等以及連接副詞how,when,where,why等引導(dǎo)。that在從句中無詞義，只起連接作用；連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)成分。Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.Thathestoleabikewastrue.Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.單個(gè)的主語從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Whenhewasbornhasnotbeenfound.Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurderedarestillunknown.有時(shí)為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it代替主語從句作形式主語放句首，而把主語從句置句末。Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.用it作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)Itis＋名詞＋從句

Itisagoodthingthat…Itisapitythat…Itisanhonorthat…非常榮幸

Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常識(shí)(2)Itis＋形容詞＋從句(多用should)Itisnatural/urgent/necessary/surprising/strangethat…(3)It＋不及物動(dòng)詞＋從句Itseemsthat… 似乎…Ithappenedthat…碰巧…Itappearsthat…似乎…(4)Itis＋過去分詞＋從句Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報(bào)道…Ithasbeenprovedthat…已證實(shí)…Itissaidthat…據(jù)說…主語從句(填入恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞）Discussinpairs,andthenfillintheblanks.1.______

hesaidisright.2.

____

hefailedtheexammadehisfathersad.3.______hecameornotisnoneofmybusiness.4._______wewillgohasn’tbeendecided.何時(shí)/地5._______hassavedthedrowninggirlisworthpraising.（無論誰）6.Itisimpossible_____hecancommitacrime.7.____thishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.怎么樣8._____hegaveupracingisapuzzle.為什么WhatThatWhetherWhen/WhereWhoeverthatHowWhy2.賓語從句用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句。賓語從句只出現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)地方，要么是及物動(dòng)詞后面，要么是介詞后面。賓語從句通常由單純性連接詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what,who,which,whatever,whoever等以及連接副詞how,when,where,why等引導(dǎo)。1.)由單純性連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由單純性連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，that在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，?？墒∪?，但有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上賓語從句時(shí),從第二個(gè)賓語從句開始that不可省略。Hehastoldme（that）hewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.Hesaid（that）hecouldgoandthathisparentswouldn’tcome.2)用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句whether和if均可引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句，?？苫Q。但從句中有ornot時(shí)或介詞后的賓語從句時(shí)只能用whether引導(dǎo)。其它名詞性從句，如：主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句只用whether.一句話，所有情況都可以用whether引導(dǎo)，只有vt后的賓語從句且沒有ornot時(shí)才可用if引導(dǎo)。3)當(dāng)主句是I/Wethink(suppose,expect,believe,guess,imagine)時(shí)，其后的賓語從句如果是否定形式，常把否定詞not從從句中轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中成為否定前移。Wedon’tbelievethathewillwinthegame.Idon’tthinkhewilldoso.3.表語從句在句中作表語的句子叫表語從句。表語從句通常由單純性連接詞that，whether，asif，asthough，because和連接代詞what,who,which,whatever,whoever等以及連接副詞how,when,where,why等引導(dǎo)，表語從句只出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)位置，連系動(dòng)詞后，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：

主語

+系動(dòng)詞

+

表語從句

Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.That’sjustwhatIwant.Thisiswhereourproblemlies.Thatiswhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Thisisbecausehemissedthetrainbyoneminute.注意：當(dāng)主語是reason時(shí)，表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。Thereasonwasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.4.同位語從句同位語從句說明其前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句通常跟在news,idea,fact,truth,thought,belief，problem，question等名詞后面，用來解釋說明該名詞所表示的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略；that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，起連詞的作用，沒有實(shí)際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，不能省略。Thefactthattheywillacceptmeisreal.Thefactthatcanprovehisinnocenceliesinyourtellingusthetruth.(that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,不能省略）(that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作主語，不能省略）Ihavenoideathatyoupassedyourdrivingtest.Idon’tknowthatyoupassedyourdr