Unit 2 虛擬語氣教學(xué)設(shè)計及反思 高中英語人教版

TheSubjunctiveMood教學(xué)設(shè)計局部：Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標Abilitygoals能力目標Enablethestudentstolearntousethesubjunctivemood.Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標Helpthestudentslearnhowtousethesubjunctivemood.Teachingimportant&difficultpoints教學(xué)重難點Thesubjunctivemood.Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法Task-basedactivities.Teachingaids教具準備Acomputerandaprojector.Teachingprocedures&ways教學(xué)過程與方式StepIGrammarFocusTalkabout"subjunctivemood”.T:Duringthepreviousperiods,welearnedalotaboutnurseryrhymesforwhichwepracticedalotonthe"ifI???"pattern.The"IfI???"poemworkssowellbecauseitallowsyoutofollowoneofthefirstrulesofwriting:Writeaboutthethingsyouknow.Writeaboutsomethingthatyoufeelverystronglyabout.Nextwearegoingtotalkaboutthe“iFpattern.Showthefollowingtothestudents.虛擬情況條件句結(jié)果主句(1)與過去事實相反If+主語+had+過去分詞主語+would(should,could,might)+have+過去分詞(2)與現(xiàn)在事實相反If+主語+動詞過去式(be用were)主語+would(should,could,might)+動詞原形(3)與將來事實相反If+主語+should/wereto主語+would(should,could,might)+動詞原形(4)錯綜時間條件句(即主從句表示不同時間的動^乍)根據(jù)句義采用不同時態(tài)Askthestudentstoreadthefollowingexamplesrepeatedly.Ifanythinghadhappened,hewouldhaveletherknow.IshouldhavetalkedtomotherifIhadthoughtofit.IfIhadbeenlesscautiousImighthavebeenmorewise.IfithadnotbeenforMargaret,Imightnothaveunderstood.NodoubtIcouldhaveearnedsomethingifIhadreallymeantto.Hedideverythingformethatmyfathercouldhavedoneifhehadlived.Ifwisheswerehorses,beggarswouldride.IfIwereyou,I'dgotonightschool.Ifweweremen,we'dbedoingsomethingdecentnow.Itellyou,youwouldn'tbeanywhereatallifitweren'tfbrRuth.Indeed,iftherewereanythingtotell,Iwouldtellittoyou.Ifyouhadyourchoice,wherewouldyougo?WouldyoumindverymuchifIaskedyoutodosomething?Ifhewent,wouldyougotoo?Ithinkitwouldbemuchbetterifyougotajob.Wouldn'titbebetterifyoumadeanappointmenttoseehimattheoffice?Ithoughtifyouweretospeaktohim,itwouldcarrymoreweight.Butifsheweretoloseherplacetheywouldberuined.I'msureyou'dbethefirsttobesorryifanythingwastohappentohim.Iftheyweretohearyoutalking,they'dthinkyouwereaschoolteacher.IshouldbemosthappytogodownwithyouifIshouldnotbeintheway.Ifitshouldbenecessary,Icouldcomeatsix.Ifithadn'tbeenfbrthedoctor'scare,Ishouldnotbespeakingtoyounow.Ithinkweshouldhavebeentoldiftherewasanythingup.Ifyou'dlistenedtome,youwouldn'tbeinsuchtroublenow.Thenaskthestudentstodotheexercisesintheworkbook.T:Asforthesubjunctivemood,weusuallyhavetheabovestructures.Theonlythingtodoistodecidewhichpatternweshoulduse.NowdoExercises2,3and4onpage51.StepIIHomeworkAskthestudentstodothetaskinPROJECT.附件.虛擬語氣英語中有三種不同的語氣：陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣表示動作或狀態(tài)與事實相反，或不可能發(fā)生的情況。一.虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句中.表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反或不可能發(fā)生：條件狀語從句：一般過去時（虛擬語氣中befwere)主句用：would(should,could,might)+動詞原形。Ifwehadtimenow,wewouldreaditagain.IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkhard..表示與過去事實相反或不可能發(fā)生：條件狀語從句：had+過去分詞；主句:would(should,could,might)+have+過去分詞。Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceededinthetest.IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberthen,Iwouldhavecalledyou..表示與將來的事實可能相反或不可能發(fā)生：條件狀語從句：①一般過去時②should+動詞原形③wereto+動詞原形；主句：would(should,could,might)+動詞原形。Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,theywouldnotgoout.P.S虛擬條件句的特殊情況(1).混合/錯綜型虛擬語氣當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，稱為‘錯綜條件句'，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbebetternow.(從句說的是過去，主句是現(xiàn)在)IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(從句是現(xiàn)在，主句是過去)(2)省略if的虛擬語氣如果從句中含有were/should/had時,那么可以把這三個詞置于句首，省略if.采用倒裝語序。Ifitshouldhappen,whatwouldyoudo?-Shouldithappen,whatwouldyoudo?Ifhehadrecognizedme,hewouldhavecomeover,fHadherecognizedme,hewouldhavecomeover.(3)含蓄虛擬條件句有時候假設(shè)的情況不以if引導(dǎo)的條件從句形式表現(xiàn)出來，而是通過一個介詞短語，連詞或其他形式表示。常用的詞或短語有：without,with,butfor(要是沒有),otherwise,or,but等。Withoutyourhelp(=Ifwehadnothadyourhelp),wecouldnothavesucceeded.Butforelectricity(=Iftherewerenoelectricity,therewouldbenomodernindustry.Hefeltverytiredyesterday,or/otherwisehewouldhaveattendedtheparty.(4)在ifitwere(hadbeen)notfor.…句型中的虛擬語氣虛擬語氣也常用于'ifitwere/(hadbeen)notfor…,'句型中,意為‘要不是由于…'。Ifitwerenotforpeace,wecouldnotbelivingahappylifetoday.Ifithadnotbeenforyourtimelyhelp,Iwouldhavegonebankrupt.二.虛擬語氣用在名詞性從句中.主語從句中的虛擬語氣這種虛擬語氣主要用在itis+形容詞(名詞，過去分詞)+that+主語+should+動詞原形(should可以省略)這種結(jié)構(gòu)中。常見的這類形容詞有：advisable,anxious,better,desirable,surprising,natural,necessary,strange,important,regretful.常見的這類過去分詞有：decided,demanded,recommended,requested,desired,required,ordered,suggested.常見的這類名詞有：duty,pity,nosurprise,nowonder,regret,shame.Itwassuggestedthathe(should)jointheclubactivities.Itisstrange(surprising,disappointing)thatshe(should)nothavebeeninvited.Itisapitythathe(should)refusetoaccepttheoffer..賓語從句中的虛擬語氣①wish后面所跟賓語從句謂語動詞用虛擬語氣(意為要是，但愿…就好了)，其形式主要有三種：表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：wish后接一般過去時的從句表示對過去情況的虛擬：wish后接過去完成時'/should,couldhavedone表示對將來情況的虛擬：wish后接would,could+動詞原形Iwishitwerespringallyearround.Iwishitwouldbefinetomorrow.Shewishedshehadstayedathome.②在表示建議，命令，要求等動詞后的從句要用(should)+動詞原形。此類動詞有：suggest,advise,propose,demand,require,insist(要求),order,prefer,command,ask,request.Theteacherorderedthatallthebooks(should)behandedinontime.P.S.當suggest表示'暗示，說明'之意；insist表示'堅持認為，堅持說'之意時，從句不用虛擬，用正常的陳述語氣。Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithlife..表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣在表示建議，命令，要求的名詞后的表語從句或同位語從句中的謂語動詞要用(should)+動詞原形。常見名詞有：advice,desire,request,demand,proposal,suggestion,preference,requirement,order.Hegaveordersthattheguests(should)behospitalentertained.Hisproposalisthatwe(should)getridofthebadhabits.三.虛擬語氣在其他情況中的使用.在asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，假設(shè)從句與事實相反，那么要用虛擬語氣。其形式如下：主語+asif/though+主語+一般過去時（從句的動作與主句同時發(fā)生）主語+asif/though+主語+would/could+動詞原形（從句的動作相對主句來說在將來發(fā)生）主語+asif/though+主語+過去完成時（從句的動作先發(fā)生于主句動作之前）Hetalksasifheknewallaboutit.ShespeaksEnglishwellasifhehadstudiedinAmerica.HelearnsEnglishsohardasifhewouldgoabroad..在itis（high）timethat…句型中也用虛擬語氣，從句常用過去式，有時也用should+動詞原形，表示早該做而沒做的事，含建議的意味。Itistimethatwewenthome.PS此句型中，注意與"It/Thisisthe+序數(shù)詞+timethat+現(xiàn)在完成式的區(qū)別。ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere..wouldrathe