Unit 1 Reading and thinking 復(fù)習(xí)鞏固檢測(cè)-高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

人教版新教材選擇性必修二Unit1ScienceandScientists復(fù)習(xí)鞏固資料單詞&ReadingandThinking詞匯（一）課表詞匯和短語(yǔ)（英譯漢并注意詞性和相應(yīng)的用法）1.attendto2.onceandforall3.contradictory4.infection5.subscribeof8.severe9.multiple10.household11.suspect12.betoervention15.link16.raw17.pure18.substantial19.decrease20.statistic21.transform22.watertein27.cell28.virus29.initial30.solid31.cast32.framework33.finding34.pour35.concrete36.shadow37.breakout38.mechanic39.defend40.assistant41.inchargeedown48.steady49.astronomer50.brilliant51.besides52.telescope53.furthermore54.aboveall55.shift56.fault57.vivid58.trace59.patriotic60.thanksto（二）本單元相關(guān)話題詞匯(音譯漢)cholera____________diarrhoea___________________dehydration______________________germ_____________virus_____________aerospace_____________mechanical_____________aviation_____________jet____________（三）專有名詞(了解常識(shí))1.QueenVictoria2.Cambridge3.non-Newtonianfluid4.theJetPropulsionLaboratory5.StephenHawking6.FredHoyle7.thebigbangtheory課文鞏固。（在空白處填空）Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeared1.__________(disease)intheworld,untilaBritishdoctor.JohnSnow,showed2.__________itcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andeven3.__________.Intheearly19thcentury,when4.__________outbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecame5.__________becausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesire6.__________(destroy)choleraonceandforall.Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictory7.__________(theory)toexplainhowcholeraspread.Onetheorywas8.__________badaircausedthedisease.Anotherwasthatcholera9.__________(cause)byaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribed10.__________thesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,11.__________hestillneededproof.12.__________(consequent),whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwas13.__________severethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.Snowbeganby14.__________(mark)onamaptheexactplaceswhereallthose15.__________diedhadlived.Thereweremultiple16.__________(death)nearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet)17.__________(have)nodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.They18._____________(give)freebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwas19.__________(blame).Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughter20.__________(die)ofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehadit21.__________(deliver)toherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepump22.__________(remove)sothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.The23.__________(true)wasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,Snowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholera24.__________thedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThames25.__________waspollutedbyrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikely26.__________(get)cholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwaterThroughSnow’s27._______________(不懈努力),watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwaterandthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsaw28.______________________(大幅降低).However,choleraisstillaproblem.Eachyear,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldgetcholeraandmanydiefromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,29.__________(多虧了)theworkofJohnSnow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformedthewayscientistsstudydiseases.Forthisreason,Snow30.__________(consider)thefatherofmodernepidemiology.答案：一、詞匯（一）課表詞匯和短語(yǔ)（英譯漢并注意詞性和相應(yīng)的用法）1.attendto照顧，照料2.onceandforall徹底地；最終地3.contradictory相互矛盾的，對(duì)立的4.infection感染，傳染5.subscribeto同意；贊同；訂購(gòu)6.severe極為惡劣的；嚴(yán)重的7.proof證據(jù)8.infect使感染；傳染9.multiple數(shù)量多的；多種多樣10.household一家人；家庭11.suspectvt.懷疑；n.懷疑對(duì)象12.betoblame對(duì)某事應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任的13.handlevt.處理；n.把手14.intervention干預(yù)；介入；干涉15.linkvt.把...連接;n.聯(lián)系16.raw生的；未經(jīng)處理的17.pure干凈的；純的18.substantial大量的；重大的19.decreasevt.減少；減低；n.減少20.statistic統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字21.transform使改變形態(tài)；使改觀22.waterpump水泵23.frustrated懊惱的；沮喪的24.microscope顯微鏡25.thinking發(fā)現(xiàn)；調(diào)查結(jié)果26.protein蛋白質(zhì)27.cell細(xì)胞；小房間；單間牢房28.virus病毒29.initial最初的；起初的30.solid可靠的；固體的31.cast投射；向...投以；投擲32.framework框架；結(jié)構(gòu)33.rainbow彩虹34.pour倒出；傾瀉；斟35.concreten.混凝土；adj.具體的36.shadow陰影；影子37.breakout突然開(kāi)始；爆發(fā)38.mechanic機(jī)械師；機(jī)械修理工39.defend保衛(wèi)；守衛(wèi)40.assistant助手；助理41.inchargeof主管；掌管42.leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位43.missile導(dǎo)彈44.outstanding優(yōu)秀的；杰出的45.gifted有天賦的46.abstractadj.抽象的；n.摘要47.comedown患病;染上48.steady穩(wěn)定的；平穩(wěn)的49.astronomer天文學(xué)家50.brilliant聰穎的；絕妙的51.besidesprep.除...之外；adv.此外52.telescope望遠(yuǎn)鏡53.furthermore此外；再者54.aboveall最重要的是；尤其是55.shiftn.轉(zhuǎn)換；輪班；v.轉(zhuǎn)移56.fault弱點(diǎn)；過(guò)錯(cuò)57.vivid生動(dòng)的；鮮亮的58.tracevt.追蹤；查出；n.痕跡59.patriotic愛(ài)國(guó)的60.thanksto多虧了（二）本單元相關(guān)話題詞匯(音譯漢)1.cholera霍亂diarrhoea腹瀉dehydration脫水germ微生物；細(xì)菌virus病毒2.aerospace航空航天工業(yè)mechanical機(jī)械的；機(jī)器的aviation航空制造業(yè)jet噴氣式飛機(jī)（三）專有名詞(了解常識(shí))1.QueenVictoria維多利亞女王2.Cambridge劍橋3.non-Newtonianfluid非牛頓流體4.theJetPropulsionLaboratory噴氣推進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室5.StephenHawking史蒂芬.霍金（英國(guó)物理學(xué)家）6.FredHoyle弗雷德.霍伊爾（英國(guó)天文學(xué)家）7.thebigbangtheory大爆炸宇宙論二、課文鞏固。（在空白處填空）1.diseases2.how3.death4.an5.frustratedtodestroy7.theories8.that9.wascaused10.to11.but12.Consequently13.so14.marking15.who16.deaths17.hadhad18.hadbeengiven19.toblame20.haddied21.delivered22.removed23.truth24.and25.that/which26.toget27.tirelessefforts28.asubstantialdecrease29.thanksto30.isconsidered???附課文翻譯在英國(guó)醫(yī)生約翰?斯諾向人們展示如何戰(zhàn)勝霍亂之前，霍亂曾是世界上最令人恐懼的疾病之一。它可導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重腹瀉、脫水甚至死亡。十九世紀(jì)初，崔亂暴發(fā)，肆虐歐洲，數(shù)百萬(wàn)人喪命。由于當(dāng)時(shí)無(wú)人知道如何預(yù)防或治療霍亂，年輕的約翰?斯諾醫(yī)生很沮喪。后來(lái)，他成了一位名醫(yī)。甚至照料分娩的