2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語領(lǐng)航卷（一）（含答案解析）

2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語領(lǐng)航卷（一）學(xué)校:姓名：班級：考號：一、閱讀理解Football:DesigningtheBeautifulGameWhetheryouareacrazyfanorsidelinesupporter,visitorstothisexhibitionwillenjoydiscoveringtheremarkabledesignstoriesbehindtheworld'sbeautifulgame.WhattoexpectTheexhibitionexploresthestorybehindfootball,showinghowdesignhasbeenusedtopushthegametonewlimits.Takeajourneythroughover500objects,filmsandinterviewsinsportingperformance,equipmentdevelopmentandstadiumdesign,andinvolveyourselfinthestoriesofclubsandgamelegends（傳奇人物）includingMessi,Pele,GeorgeBestandDiegoMaradona.Heldby（heDesignMuseumandtheNationalFootballMuseuminManchester,theshowrevealsthemasterplanningoftheworld'smostsignificantfootballstadiums,thedesigninnovationusedintoday'sequipment,howthegraphicdesignofteambadges（徽章）andpostersshapesaclub'sidentityandhowgrassroots'effortsarepushingthesport'scommercialization.Ticketinformation^Onlinebookingisadvisedbutticketswillalsobeavailableinthebookingoffice.Lastentrytotheexhibitionis90minutesbeforethemuseumcloses.派Adultticketsarechargedfrom￡16andstudentticketsfrom￡12.Meanwhile,youcansave25%onfamilyandgrouptickets.Presentyourexhibitionentiyticketfbr10%offfoodanddrinkatLondonGradeCoffeeonthegroundfloor.Whatcanvisitorsdoattheexhibition?A.Designateambadge.B.Interviewmasterdesigners.C.Putonfootballequipment.D.Learnaboutfamousfootballplayers.Howmuchshouldacouplewiththeir11-year-oldsonpayatleastfbradmission?A.￡33.B.￡36.C.￡44.D.￡48.Whatwillvisitorsenjoywiththeticket?Aspecialdiscountongoodsatacafe.Aphotoofasignificantfootballstadium.Aspecialdiscountongoodsatacafe.Aphotoofasignificantfootballstadium.Afewweekslater,Parisareceivedapackagefromthekidsmagazine.參考答案:D2.A3.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了英國倫敦設(shè)計博物館和國家足球博物館舉辦的一場展出一“足球：設(shè)計美麗的運動”。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whattoexpect”部分中的“Takeajourneythroughover500objects,filmsandinterviewsinsportingperformance,equipmentdevelopmentandstadiumdesign,andinvolveyourselfinthestoriesofchibsandgamelegendsincludingMessi,Pele,GeorgeBestandDiegoMaradona.（通過500多件物品、電影和體育表演、設(shè)備開發(fā)和體育場設(shè)計的采訪，讓自己沉浸在俱樂部和比賽傳奇?zhèn)髌嫒宋锏墓适轮?，包括梅西、貝利、喬?貝斯特和迭戈?馬拉多納。）''可知，參觀者在展覽會上可以了解到包括梅西、貝利、喬治?貝斯特和迭戈?馬拉多納在內(nèi)的足壇人物的故事。故選D項。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ticketinformation”部分中的“Adultticketsarechargedfrom￡16andstudentticketsfrom￡12.Meanwhile,youcansave25%onfamilyandgrouptickets4成人票16英鎊起，學(xué)生票12英鎊起。同時，你可以節(jié)省25%的家庭和團體票。廠可知，家庭團體票可以享受七五折優(yōu)惠。因此一對夫妻（2名成年人）和一名11歲兒子（1名學(xué)生）至少應(yīng)支付的費用為（16x2+12）x0.75=33（英鎊）。故選A項。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TicketinfbrmaliorT部分中的“Presentyourexhibilionentryticketfor10%offfoodanddrinkalLondonGradeCoffeeonthegroundfloor.（出示參展門票，可在一樓的倫敦高級咖啡享受9折餐飲優(yōu)惠戶可知，參觀者在一樓咖啡廳購買食物和飲料時憑門票可享受折扣優(yōu)惠。故選A項。B5.C6.B7.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了為了給國際扶輪社籌集資金以應(yīng)對小兒麻痹癥,KunieAdeyanju成功完成了從倫敦到拉各斯的摩托車騎行。細(xì)節(jié)埋解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“HestartedtheimpressivejourneytoraisefundsforRotaryInternationaltodealwithpolio（小兒麻痹癥）inhisnativeNigeria.（他開始T令人印象深刻的旅程，為國際扶輪社籌集資金，以應(yīng)對家鄉(xiāng)尼日利亞的小兒麻痹癥）”可知，Adeyanju進行為期41天的旅行是為了給國際扶輪社籌集資金以應(yīng)對小兒麻痹癥。故選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句話“Adeyanju,called“LionHcart,,byfans,wonpopularityamongthepublicbypostingdailypictureswithcommentsabouthisjourneyonsocialmedia.（被粉絲稱為“獅子心”的阿德?lián)P朱，通過在社交媒體上發(fā)布每日照片和評論，贏得了公眾的喜愛）”可知,Adeyanju每天都在社交媒體上發(fā)布旅行照片和評論，從而贏得了公眾的喜愛。故選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句話“"Mauritania,acountryinnorthwestAfrica,was”'terrible',''hesaid,afterhegotrobbedofhundredsofeuros."Theworstexperience,headded.。毛里塔尼亞，一個位于非洲西北部的國家，在被搶劫了數(shù)百歐元后，他說，“太可怕了。”他補充道，“這是最糟糕的經(jīng)歷?？芍珹deyanju的錢在毛里塔尼亞被搶了，這讓他覺得在那里的經(jīng)歷很糟糕。故選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，為了給國際扶輪社籌集資金以應(yīng)對小兒麻痹癥，Adeyanju進行了為期41天的騎行，由此可知，他是一個關(guān)心他人、樂于助人的人。在騎行中雖然遇到了一些困難，但他沒有放棄。由此可推知，他是一個意志堅定的人。故選A。B9.A10.D11.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。行為生態(tài)學(xué)家ConnieAllen認(rèn)為大象憑借驚人的記憶力進行遠(yuǎn)距離導(dǎo)航，但也有人提出，大象在進行遠(yuǎn)距離活動時嗅覺尤為重要。為了驗證這一觀點，ConnieAllen和她的同事們開展了研究，證明確實如此。【詳解】1.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文“AllenandhercolleaguescheekedthatideabytestingAfricanelephants'abilitytoidentifyaveryspecialsmell:thesmellofpee（尿）.Yousee,anelephantpeesalot—some12to15gallonsaday—andthatpeecancontainaseriesofchemicalsignals.（艾倫和她的同事通過測試非洲象識別一種非常特殊的氣味的能力來驗證這一想法：尿的氣味。你看，大象尿得很多——大約每天12到15加侖——這些尿可以包含一系列化學(xué)信號。廠以及這個實驗過程可知，ConnieAlien和同事們通過測試大象對路邊大象尿液的感知能力來進行研究，最終發(fā)現(xiàn)，大象可以利用尿液的氣味進行遠(yuǎn)距離活動，由此可知，嗅覺對大象的遠(yuǎn)距離活動尤為重要。畫線詞olfaction的含義應(yīng)為“嗅覺”。故選B。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theywaitedforelephantstopeeand,within20minutes,wentandcollectedthesefreshpeesamples.Thentheysetupcamerasonsevenpathswhichtheelephantsusuallywalkedalong.（他們等大象尿尿,20分鐘后去收集這些新鮮的尿樣本。然后，他們在大象通常會走的七條道路上設(shè)置了攝像機。廠和第四段的“Next,theyplacedthosepeesamplesalongthepaths.（接下來，他們將這些尿液樣本沿著小路放置。）”可知，研究人員在答案第2頁，共11頁野外收集大象尿液樣本，在七條大象常走的道路上安裝攝像機來觀察大象的行為，并把尿液樣本放在路邊來了解嗅覺對大象的影響。由此可推知，研究人員是通過野外研究的方式得出結(jié)論的。故選Ao.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Basedontheseresults,theyhopeconservationistsmightbeabletouseelephantpeeasadecoy（誘餌）.Ifwecantrickelephantsintothinkingotherelephantsaregoingthisway,maybewecanredirectthemawayfromwheretheyarecoiningintoconflictwithhumansat（hemomenl.（基于這些結(jié)果，他們希望環(huán)保人上可以用大象的尿液作為誘餌。如果我們能哄騙大象，讓它們以為其他大象正朝這條路走，也許我們就能引導(dǎo)它們離開與人類發(fā)生沖突的地方。戶可知，如果人類可以利用大象的尿液作為誘餌騙過大象，引導(dǎo)大象改變行進方向，就能避免與人類發(fā)生沖突。因此推斷研究結(jié)果的潛在益處是使人類和大象能夠和平共處。故選D。.主旨大意題。綜觀全文,尤其是第三段中的“especiallyelephantstravellingalone,whichisanindication,theresearcherssaid,thatsmellsinayserveassignpostsalongthepaihs.（特別是大象獨自旅行，研究人員說，這是一個跡象，氣味可能是道路上的路標(biāo)。）”及第四段中的“Andtheyfoundthatforatleasttwodays,passingelephantstrainediheirtrunksonthesamples,especiallysamplesfrommatureadults,whichisanotherindicationthatsmellsmightbeaneffectivenavigationalsignal.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在至少兩天的時間里，經(jīng)過的大象用它們的鼻子來訓(xùn)練樣本，特別是來自成年大象的樣本，這是另一個跡象，表明氣味可能是一種有效的導(dǎo)航信號。）”可知，本文主要講述的是行為生態(tài)學(xué)家ConnieAllen和同事們通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)非洲象根據(jù)尿液的氣味進行遠(yuǎn)距離活動。故選C。.B13.C14.C15.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款可以像剛出生的馬一樣只用一小時就學(xué)會走路的四條腿的機器人。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“designedahalf-mctre-highrobotcalledMortiandgaveittheabilitytoteachitselfhowtowalk,ratherthantoperformapre-programmedstep.（設(shè)計了一4、半米高叫做的Morii機器人,并讓它擁有能夠教它自己走路的能力，而不是執(zhí)行預(yù)編程的步驟。）''可知，Morti的特殊之處在于它可以教會自己走路，故選B。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“"TheAI,workinglikethecentralnenoussystem,giveswalkinginstructionsforMortitofollow.Itthenadjuststhembasedonreadingsfromfootsensors答案第3頁，共11頁thatsignalwhentherobotfallsandlosescontactwiththeground.Initially,Mortifallsdown,butafteraboutanhourtheAIfindsthebestwaytomakeitwalk,"saidRuppert.（Ruppert說道：'這個人工智能像中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)一樣，它會給Morti發(fā)出行走指令。然后，當(dāng)Morti摔倒，（腳）和地面失去接觸時，它會根據(jù)腳傳感器的讀數(shù)調(diào)整指令。一開始，Morti會摔倒，但大約一個小時后，人工智能找到了使Morii行走的最好方式。D”可知，本段強調(diào)的是Morii學(xué)習(xí)走路的過程，故選C。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“BecausetheAIlearnsratherthancalculatingdetailsofeachleg'smovementinadvance,whichcanusealotofenergy,Mortiwalksusing42percentlessenergythanwhenitfirststartsattheendofanhour-longlearningprocess.（因為人工智能學(xué)習(xí)而不是預(yù)先計算每個腿部運動的細(xì)節(jié)（這可能會消耗大量的能量），Morti在一個小時的學(xué)習(xí)過程結(jié)束后，比剛開始走路時少用了42%的能量。）”可知，人工智能的學(xué)習(xí)能力減少了Morti的能量消耗。故選C。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“DhireeshaKudithipudiatTheUniversityofTexasatSanAntoniosaidthatAIrobotscanoftenlearnaspecifictaskverywellbutcan'treadjustwhentheenvironmentchangesandthatMorti\design,whichreliesoncontinuallyadjustingtherobot'smovements,mayperformbetterinthatregard.（DhireeshaKudithipudi表示，人匚智能機器人通?？梢院芎玫貙W(xué)習(xí)?項特定任務(wù)，但無法在環(huán)境變化時重新調(diào)整，Morti的設(shè)計依賴于不斷調(diào)整機器人的運動，因此它在這方面可能會表現(xiàn)得更好。）“可知，DhireeshaKudithipudi對Morti應(yīng)是持肯定的態(tài)度的，是支持的，故選D。.C17.G18.F19.D20.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。本文以美式英語中的airplane和英式英語中的aeroplane在拼寫上的差異為例介紹了英美語言中拼寫差異的形成原因。.根據(jù)空前的"However,ifyou'veeverbeenonaninternationalflightleavingtheUnitedStatesandgoingtoanotherEnglish-speakingcountryliketheUnitedKingdom,you'veprobablynoticedthatthereareafewdifferencesbetweentheAmericanandBritishspellingsofwordswiththesamemeaning（然而，如果你曾經(jīng)乘坐國際航班離開美國前往另一個英語國家，如英國，你可能會注意到，具有相同意思的單詞在美式和英式拼寫中有一些不同）”可知，英美語言中有一些詞意思相同，但是拼寫方式卻不同。設(shè)空處舉例說明具有相同意思的單詞在美式和英式拼寫中有■些不同。C項：Theword"airplane''happenstobeanexample（"飛機”這個詞就是?個例子）答案第4頁，共11頁合乎題意。故選C。.根據(jù)上句"Let'slookattherootofthephenomenon.（讓我們來看看現(xiàn)象的根源）“可知，本段主要講的是airplane和aeroplane拼寫方式不同的原因。結(jié)合空后的“BritishEnglishhasageneraltendencytofavourspellingsandwordsthatremindpeopleofFrench,butAmericanEnglish,whenithasdeviaied（背離）fromwhatBritishEnglishdoes,oftenchangesintothedirectionofseeminglessFrench/英式英語一般傾向于喜歡那些讓人想起法語的拼寫和單詞，但美式英語一旦偏離了英式英語的特點，往往會朝著看起來不那么法式的方向轉(zhuǎn)變）”可知，空處內(nèi)容應(yīng)涉及英式英語與美式英語和其他語言之間的關(guān)系。G項：AlotofwordsintheEnglishlanguageareborrowedfromotherlanguages,likeLatin.Greek,andFrench（英語中有很多單詞是從其他語言借來的，比如拉丁語、希臘語和法語）合乎題意。故選G。.空處為本段主題句。根據(jù)空后“"Aeroplane"isnoexception.^Wc'rccomfortablewith'aero'inscientificterms,butasplanesbecamemorecommonthingstotalkabout,the'aero'seemedtoofancy,"explainsMurphy.（“飛機”也不例外。墨菲解釋說：“在科學(xué)術(shù)語中，aero這個詞讓我們感到舒服，但隨著飛機成為更常見的話題，aero這個詞似乎太花哨了以及"Tenyearslater,'airplane'wasadoptedbytheNationalAdvisoryCommitteeforAeronauticsastheirterm.（十年后,“飛機”被國家航空咨詢委員會采用作為他們的術(shù)語）”可知，本段主要介紹了aeroplane與airplane在拼寫上的差異和科學(xué)上的聯(lián)系。F項：There'salotofhistorythatgoesbeyondwordsanddivesdeepintopolitics,government,andscience（有很多歷史超越了文字,深入到政治、政府和科學(xué)）概括本段內(nèi)容，合乎題意。故選F。.根據(jù)空前“"Aeroplane"isnoexception."We'recomfortablewith'aero'inscientificterms,butasplanesbecamemorecommonthingstotalkabout,the'aero'seemedtoofancy,“explainsMurphy.（“飛機”也不例外。墨菲解釋說：“在科學(xué)術(shù)語中，aero這個詞讓我們感到舒服，但隨著飛機成為更常見的話題，aero這個詞似乎太花哨了”）“講到隨著飛機的普及，帶有aero的拼寫方式似乎太花哨，以及空后“Tenyearslater,'airplane,wasadoptedbytheNationalAdvisoryCommitteefor/Xcronauticsastheirtcnn.（十年后，“飛機”被國家航空杏詢委員會采用作為他們的術(shù)語）“故空處應(yīng)涉及airplane這種拼寫方式在美國得到認(rèn)可。D項：Airplaneisamuchbelterwordthanaeroplane（Airplane這個詞比aeroplane好得多）合乎題意。故選20.根據(jù)空前的"There'sagoodreasonwhywordsthatmeanthesamethingarespelleddifferently,andwhythatwillcontinuetohappen（意思相同的單詞拼寫不同，而且這種情況會繼續(xù)發(fā)生，這是有原因的）”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是在介紹表示同?含義的單詞的英式拼寫和美式拼答案第5頁，共11頁虧不同這種現(xiàn)象持續(xù)發(fā)生.的原因。B項：Yourspellingtellspeoplewhereyou'refrom（你的拼寫會告訴別人你來自哪里）說明原因是你的拼寫會告訴別人你來自哪里，合乎題意。故選B。21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.B27.C28.D29.A30.D31.CD33.B34.A35.C【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講述了丈夫去世后，作者不得不打理丈夫的花園。在打理花園的過程中，作者不僅治愈了失去丈夫的傷痛，還對生命有了更深的感悟。21.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：多年前，Randy在我們的院子里種植了很多水仙花。A.spotted看見，發(fā)現(xiàn);B.raised培育，種植;C.purchased購買：D.removed移走，搬走。根據(jù)前文“decidingwhattodowithhisgarden”可知，此處指作者丈夫種植了很多水仙花，故選B。.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對他而言，水仙花象征著希望，預(yù)示著光明和溫暖很快會取代黑暗和寒冷。A.warmth溫暖;B.beauty美麗;C.happiness幸福;D.energy力量。根據(jù)空后“wouldsoonreplacethedarkandcold.“可知，此處指光明和溫暖會取代黑暗和寒冷，故選Ao.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：看著它們，我在想Randy是如何精心地挑選這些植物，以便我們每月都能欣賞它們。A.freely自由地，不受限制地：B.randomly隨意地，隨機地；C.carefully精心地,慎重地；D.willingly愿意地。根據(jù)后文"sowe'dappreciatethemeverymonth”可知，此處指丈夫精心挑選植物，故選C。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我注意到了這些雜草，我需要開始工作了。A.checked檢查;B.pulled拉;C.remembered記住;D.noticed注意到，看到。根據(jù)后文“Ineededtogettowork.“可知，此處指作者看到了雜草，故選D。.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：除雜草這項工作很安靜，很治愈，這讓我意識到，這能讓我感覺離Randy更近。A.determined有決心的;B.aware知道的，意識到的;C.proud驕傲的，自豪的;D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)前文“Theworkwasquietandcomfbrting”可知,此處指花園里的工作讓作者感到很治愈，因此意識到這能讓她感覺自己離Randy更近，故選B。.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)春天變成夏天時，花園里緊急任務(wù)的清單越來越短。A.clearer更清晰易懂的；B.shorter更短的；C.neater更有條理的，更有序的;D.fuller更滿的。根據(jù)前文“Asspringturnedtosummer”可知，此處指隨著時間的推移，作者完成了一此任務(wù)，的花園緊急任務(wù)清單越來越短了，故選B。.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這讓我感覺很好，很有成就感。A.purpose目標(biāo)；B.responsibility責(zé)任;C.achievement成就：D.security安全。根據(jù)前文“Asspringturnedtosummer,mylistofurgentgardentasksgot6.ItmademefeelgoodJ可知，此處指在作者的努力下，她的花園緊急任務(wù)清單越來越短了，因此作者很有成就感，故選C。.考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，我感覺治愈的種子在作者心中開始生根發(fā)芽。A.havecontrolof控制，支配；B.makeroomfor為騰地方;C.keeppacewith與步調(diào)一致；D.takerootin扎根于，植根于。根據(jù)空前“Ilmademe能elgood,thissenseof7—.”可知，此處指治愈的種子在作者心中開始生根發(fā)芽，故選D。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：想到Randy時，我的思緒不再那么集中在失去他的悲傷上了。A.focused關(guān)注,集中于；B.counted指望,數(shù)；C.acted行事;D.based基于。根據(jù)空后“l(fā)essonthesadnessofmylifewithouthim.”可知，此處指作者的思緒不再那么集中在失去他的悲傷上了，故選A。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我注意到自己笑得更多了。A.progressed進步，改進；B.worked工作，起作用；C.considered仔細(xì)考慮,細(xì)想;D.laughed笑。根據(jù)前文“Gradually,I回Iiheseedsofhealing（治愈）beganlo8myheart.MythoughtsofRandy9lessonthesadnessofmylifewithouthim.“可知,作者治愈了很多,因此也就笑得更多了,故選D。.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)夏天變成秋天時，我的注意力也放在了將花園整理好.上面。A.interest興趣；B.heart心；C.attention注意力；D.back背部。根據(jù)空后“puttingthegardentobed”可知，此處指隨著季節(jié)的變化，作者的注意力也發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)移，故選C。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管秋冬季節(jié)的花園似乎沒有收獲，但我知道，它蘊藏著干富的生命。A.changes改變;B.presents展示，呈現(xiàn)；C.expects期待;D.hold包含，蘊藏。根據(jù)前文“Whileinfallandwintergardenseemsunproductive”可知，此處與上文形成對比，指作者知道花園里蘊藏著豐富的生命，故選D。.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：春夏的郁郁蔥蔥可能已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在了，但是在土壤深處，每一種生物下都沉睡著將再次綻放出美麗花朵的種子。A.obvious明顯的：B.gone不更存在的，消失的；C.alive活著的;D.great偉大的。根據(jù)前文“Whileafallandwintergardenseemsunproductive”可知，此處指春季和夏季的郁郁蔥蔥可能不復(fù)存在了，消失了，故選B。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.rest沉睡，休息;B.spread傳播；C.stand站立;D.survive存活，幸免于。根據(jù)后文“theseedsofwhatisreadyto15again.”并結(jié)合常識可知，此處指是在土壤深處，每?種生物的根部都沉睡著即將綻放出美麗花朵的種子，故選A。.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.arise出現(xiàn);B.exist存在；C.flower開花;D.mature成熟，長成。根據(jù)前文“sowe'dappreciatethemeverymonth.“可知，作者他們每個月都能欣賞到水仙，故此處指沉睡著即將開花的種子，故選C。.topromote37.Seration【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了世界太極和氣功日的歷史和發(fā)展。.考查非謂語動詞。句意：4月的最后一個周六是世界太極和氣功日，這是為了在全世界推廣太極和氣功而組織的一年一度的活動?？仗幵诖俗髂康臓钫Z，應(yīng)用不定式。故填topromoteo.考查時間狀語從句。句意:從1999年開始，該活動見證了80多個國家的人們參加其慶?；顒??？仗幰龑?dǎo)時間狀語從句，結(jié)合句意表示“自從“用since。故填Since。.考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：太極拳作為實用傳統(tǒng)的第一個形式是在17世紀(jì)的中國北方，但是最為廣泛認(rèn)可的形式是楊露禪在19世紀(jì)傳播的“楊式”太極。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語inthe17thcentury可知，此處陳述發(fā)生在過去的事情,空處謂語應(yīng)用?般過去時；document與句子主語ThefirstformofTaiChi之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故填wasdocumentedc.考查連詞。句意：太極拳作為實用傳統(tǒng)的第一個形式是在17世紀(jì)的中國北方，但是最為廣泛認(rèn)可的形式是楊露禪在19世紀(jì)傳播的“楊式”太極。根據(jù)句意可知，前后句之前存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but。.考查形容詞比較級。句意：在20世紀(jì)，太極的各種招式被標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，使它獲得了更廣泛的認(rèn)可。此處與上文中的he19thcentury形成對比，應(yīng)用所給形容詞的比較級形式。故填wider。.考查非謂語動詞。句意：世界太極和氣功口的靈感源自1998年在密蘇里州的堪薩斯市舉行的活動，當(dāng)?shù)氐奶珮O俱樂部在那里舉辦了一場公開展覽以傳播中國武術(shù)。分析句子可知，句子已有謂語動held,所以空處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞，且aim與exhibition之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞aiming,表主動。故填aiming。.考查時態(tài)。句意：漸漸地，這項活動引起了人們的興趣，從美國其他城市開始，最終在1999年蔓延到全世界。根據(jù)語境可知，此處陳述發(fā)生在過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時，所有空處謂語動詞應(yīng)填caught,catchsb.'sinterest為固定搭配，表示“引起某人的興趣“。故填caughto.考查形容詞。句意：如今該活動的目的是讓世人了解這兩種藝術(shù)在醫(yī)學(xué)和精神上的好處，以及將傳統(tǒng)的中國思想納入健康、教育等方面的好處?？仗幵诰渲凶鞫ㄕZ修飾名詞短語Chineseideas,應(yīng)用形容詞traditional,表示“傳統(tǒng)的"。故填traditional。.考查介詞。句意：通過從教育研討會到展覽等各種活動來教授這些知識?？仗幧婕肮潭ň湫蛂angefromsth.toslh.表示“從到之間范圍內(nèi)波動/變化"。故填10。.考查名詞。句意：通過這樣做，該活動有助于促進超越地緣政治邊界的合作?？仗幵诰渲凶鱡ncourage的賓語，應(yīng)填名詞cooperation,表示“合作故填cooperation。.DearMike,Learningyou'regoingtosignupfbrtheshortvideocompetitiononthethemeofAmazingChinaJ'mwritingtosharemyideaswithyou.IfIwereyou,IwouldnothesitatetoshootashortvideoaboutChina'ssmartagriculture.Nowadays,youcanseemodemfarmersusingcutting-edgetechnologiesanddevicesforagriculturalproduction,monitoringandmanagement.Thankstothis,theefficiencyisgreatlyimprovedandthecountry'sgrainsecurityisguaranteed.Therefore,TmconvincedthatshowingtheenormouschangesinChineseagriculturewillholdmuchappealfortheviewers.Mayyourentrystandoutinthecompetition!Yours,LiHua【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給交換生Mike就參加短視頻大會的事情寫一封同信提出一些建議并表達祝愿?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累報名參加：signup—>cntcrfbr主題：theme—subject智能的：smart—>intclligcnt設(shè)備：device—>equipment2.句式拓展簡單句變復(fù)合句原句：Learningyou'regoingtosignupfbrtheshortvideocompetitiononthethemeofAmazingC.AfreevisittotheNationalFootballMuseum.D.Aninvitationtoaclub'ssportingperformance.AcrowdcheeredKunieAdcyanjuasheturnedoffhismotorbikeengineaftercompletingatiring41-daytrip.The44-ycar-oldleftLondononApril19andarrivedinNigeria'scommercialcenterLagosonSundayaftertravellingmorethan8,()(X)milesacross13countries.HestartedtheimpressivejourneytoraisefundsforRotaryInternationaltodealwithpolio(小兒麻痹癥)inhisnativeNigeria.AccompaniedbyadozenbikersforthelaststretchofthejourneyfromtheRepublicofBenin,AdeyanjuwaswelcomedbysupportersinIkeja,incentralLagos.Adeyanju,called“LionHeart”byfans,wonpopularityamongthepublicbypostingdailypictureswithcommentsabouthisjourneyonsocialmedia.Ateverystopalongtheway,hewasgreetedbyenthusiasticsupporters.Hedidfacesomechallenges,liketheoneinMaliwhereoneofhiswheelsbroke.4iwasstandinginthemiddleofthenight,aloneinabush,notknowingwhatlodo,withoutspeakingthelanguage,hesaid,explaininghehadtowalktothenearestvillage.^Fortunately,thelocalshelpedme.”Notallofthechallengeshefacedweresolvedsmoothly.uMauritania,acountryinnorthwestAfrica,was“'terrible',"hesaid,afterhegotrobbedofhundredsofeuros."Theworstexperience,''headded.TheformerShellemployeeself-fundedhistripwith$20,400insavings,hopingtoraiseuptoS48millionforRotaryInternational.havebeensufleringfromalackofsleeplatelybecauseIsleptonlythreetofourhourspernight.ButIfeelproudbecauseIfinishedthischallenge,Adeyanjusaidjustafterheamved,wipingthesweatoffhisface.AdeyanjuaddedthatheisnowplanningtohaveapossiblecyclingtriptoGhanaorabikeridetoIsraeltohelpraisemorefunds.Andhehasanotherdrcam:toclimbMountQomolangma.WhydidAdcyanjugoonthe41-daytrip?A.Tochallengehimself.B.Tohelpfightpolio.C.Toconnectwithmorepeople.D.ToadvertiseRotaryInternational.HowdidAdeyanjubecomepopularduringthejourney?A.Byusingthetitle''LionHeart44.B.Bycommentingonotherbikers'journeys.C.Bysharinghisexperiencesonline.D.ByshowinghisdeeploveforhisChina,Tmwritingtosharemyideaswithyou.拓展句：BecauseIlearntyou'regoingtosignupfbrtheshortvideocompetitiononthethemeofAmazingChina,I'mwritingtosharemyideaswithyou.【點睛】【高分句型1]IfIwereyou,1wouldnothesitatetoshootashortvideoaboutChina'ssmartagriculture4運用了虛擬語氣在條件句中的運用）[高分句型2]rmconvincedthatshowingtheenormouschangesinChineseagriculturewillholdmuchappealfortheviewers4運用了Ihat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）47.佳作展臺Parisagotdowntoworkingonhermagazine.Shewrote“TheTallPinesGazette^^inbig,colorfullettersonthefrontcover.Afterdueconsideration,shechosethenewsaboutBarky,hernextdoor'sdog,asthefirststory.Theprocesswassmooth.Dayslater,Parisafinishedallstoriesthatcoveredalotofground,withhand-drawnpicturesaddedtoeachone.Shecouldn'tbelievehowfastthedayshadflownbybecauseofherproject.Parisawasfilledwithprideandexcitementwhenshesentitofftoenterthecontest.Afewweekslater,Parisareceivedapackagefromthekidsmagazine.ToParisa'ssurpriseanddelight,“TheTallPinesGazette”wonfirstprize!Thekidsmagazinehaditprintedandsenthersomecopies!Sherushedtosharethemwithhergrandmotherandherfriendswhohadjustreturnedfromtheirvacations.Theycongratulatedherandtoldherhermagazinewasreallycool.HerneighborsweresoimpressedthattheysuggestedParisakeephermagazinegoing.Surelyshehappilyagreedandshe'salreadyhadinspirationfbrthenextissue!【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了暑假開始了，Parisa最好的兩個朋友都不在家，她又是家里唯一的孩子。看書時，兒童雜志上的一則比賽信息吸引了她。比賽要求參賽者創(chuàng)作一本八頁的雜志。一番思考之后，Parisa決定以街區(qū)為創(chuàng)作主題參加比賽?！驹斀狻??段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“帕里薩開始著手制作她的雜志?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫Parisa是怎么創(chuàng)作雜志的。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“幾周后，帕里薩收到了一份兒童雜志的包裹?！笨芍诙慰擅鑼慞arisa收到包裹后的心情與舉動。2.續(xù)寫線索：創(chuàng)造雜志——獲獎——得到贊揚行為類①充滿了：befilledwith/befullof②完成:finish/coniplete③贏得一等獎：winthefirstprizc/rankfirst情緒類①令人驚訝和高興的是:toone'ssurpriseanddelight/surprisinglyanddelightedly②高興地同意了：happilyagreed/agreedwithdelight【點睛】【高分句型1iParisawasfilledwithprideandexcilementwhenshesentitofftoenterthecontest.（由when引導(dǎo)了時間狀語從句）【高分句型2]Sherushedtosharethemwithhergrandmotherandherfriendswhohadjustreturnedfromtheirvacations.（由who引導(dǎo)了限定性定語從句）hometown.WhathappenedtoAdeyanjuinMauritania?A.Hegotlostinthebush.B.Hemetwithcrime.C.Hefailedtounderstandthelocals.D.Hebrokehismotorbike.A.Hegotlostinthebush.B.Hemetwithcrime.C.Hefailedtounderstandthelocals.D.Hebrokehismotorbike.WhichwordscanbestdescribeAdeyanju?A.Caringanddetermined.B.Reliableandenthusiastic.A.Caringanddetermined.B.Reliableandenthusiastic.C.Generousandsensitive.D.Adventurousandconfident.C.Generousandsensitive.D.Adventurousandconfident.Wehumansoftennavigate（導(dǎo)航）usingroadsignsandGPS.Butwhataboutelephants?ConnieAllen,abehaviouralecologistattheUniversityofExeterintheU.K.,said“theelephantsnavigateoverlongdistancesusingtheirunbelievablememories"，whichmakesothersconsiderthatanelephantwillneverforget.Butit'salsobeensuggestedhereandtherethatmaybeolfaciionisextremelyimportantfortheselong-distancemovements.AllenandhercolleaguescheckedthatideabytestingAfricanelephants'abilitytoidentifyaveryspecialsmell:thesmellofpee（尿）.Yousee,anelephantpeesalot-some12to15gallonsaday-andthatpeecancontainaseriesofchemicalsignals.Butfirst,theyneededsomepee.SotheyheadedfbraspotalongBotswana'sBotetiRiverandwaited.Theywaitedforelephantstopeeand,within20minutes,wentandcollectedthesefreshpeesamples.Thentheysetupcamerasonsevenpathswhichtheelephantsusuallywalkedalong.Afterobservingtheelephants'naturalbehaviouronthepaths,theynoticedthat（hemajorityof（heelephantscheckedsmellsalongthepaths—especiallyelephantstravellingalone,whichisanindication,theresearcherssaid,thatsmellsmayserveassignpostsalongthepaths.Next,theyplacedthosepeesamplesalongthepaths.Andtheyfoundthatfbratleasttwodays,passingelephantstrainedtheirtrunksonthesamples,especiallysamplesfrommatureadults,whichisanotherindicationthatsmellsmightbeaneffectivenavigationalsignal.TheirfindingsappearedinthejournalAnimalBehaviour.Basedontheseresults,theyhopeconservationistsmightbeablelouseelephantpeeasadecoy（誘餌）.Ifwecantrickelephantsintothinkingotherelephantsaregoingthisway,maybewecanredirectthemawayfromwheretheyarecomingintoconflictwithhumansatthemoment.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“olfaction”inparagraph1mean?A.Theroadsidesignpost.B.Thesenseofsmell.C.Thelong-termmemory.D.Thesenseofdirection.Howdidresearchersgettheirconclusions?A.Bydoingfieldresearch.B.Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bydoinglaboratoryexperiments.Whatmightbeapotentialbenefitofthefindingsaccordingtothetext?Helpingelephantstofindothercompanions.Inspiringnewresearchdirectionsinelephants.Raisingpublicawarenessofelephantprotection.Makingelephantsandhumanscoexistpeacefully.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?AfricanElephantsShowPersonality-basedMovementsElephantsAreBornWithExcellentAbilitytoNavigateAfricanElephantsMayUsePeeasaRoadSignElephantsHaveaGoodMemoryforRoadsFelixRuppertandAlexanderBadri-SprowitzattheMaxPlanckInstitutefbrIntelligentSystemsinStuttgart.Germany,designedahalf-mctrc-highrobotcalledMortiandgaveittheabilitytoteachitselfhowtowalk,ratherthantoperformapre-programmedstep.Thefour-leggedrobottookonlyanhourtolearnhowtowalksteadily,roughlythesameamountoftimeasnewbornhorsesneed.Andit'sthefirsttimethatamachinelearningtechniquehasbeensosuccessfullyappliedtofour-leggedrobots.Mortiiscontrolledbyanartificialintelligence(AI)algorithm(算法)thatdoesn'thavemuchinformationabouttherobot'slegs,suchastheexactshapeofeachelement.uTheAI,workinglikethecentralnervoussystem,giveswalkinginstructionsforMortitofollow.Itthenadjuststhembasedonreadingsfromfootsensorsthatsignalwhentherobotfallsandlosescontactwiththeground.Initially,Mortifallsdown,butafteraboutanhourtheAIfindsthebestwaytomakeitwalk,“saidRuppert.BecausetheAIleamsratherthancalculatingdetailsofeachleg'smovementinadvance,whichcanusealotofenergy,Mortiwalksusing42percentlessenergythanwhenitfirststartsattheendofanhour-longlearningprocess.Morti'sprocesscopiesthewaybabyanimalslearntomove,astheyalsofindthemostefficientwaytousetheirmusclesbytryingandinitiallytripping.DhireeshaKudithipudiatTheUniversityofTexasatSanAntoniosaidthatAIrobotscanoftenlearnaspecifictaskverywellbutcan'treadjustwhentheenvironmentchangesandthatMorti'sdesign,whichreliesoncontinuallyadjustingtherobot'smovements,mayperformbetterinthatregard.RuppertsaidheandtheteamarcworkingonaddingmoresensorsandrangeofmotiontoMortitomakeitamoreanimal-likerobot.WhatisspecialaboutMorii?A.hispre-programmedtowalk.B.Itcanlearntowalkbyitself.C.Itisthefirstfour-leggedrobot.D.Itcanhelpteach（henewborns.WhichaspectofMortiisstressedinparagraph2?A.Itsbodystructure.B.Itsdesignconcept.C.Itslearningprocess.D.Itsworkingconditions.HowdoestheAl'slearningabilitybenefitMorti?A.BypredictingMorti'slegmovements.B.BytrainingMorti'smusclestothebest.C.ByloweringMorti'senergyconsumption.D.BystrengtheningMorti'sbondwithothers.WhatisDhireeshaKudithipudi'sattitudetowardMorti?A.Doubtful.B.Concerned.C.Subjective.D.Favorable.二、七選五You'llprobablybefamiliarwiththeNorthAmericanspellingoftheword“airplane”.However,ifyou5veeverbeenonanintemationalflightleavingtheUnitedStatesandgoingtoanotherEnglish-speakingcountryliketheUnitedKingdom,you'veprobablynoticedthatthereareafewdifferencesbetweentheAmericanandBritishspellingsofwordswiththesamemeaning.16.TheAmericanEnglishspellingis“airplane“whiletheBritishEnglishspellingis“aeroplane”.So,whydocsthishappen?Let'slookattherootofthephenomenon.17.“BritishEnglishhasageneraltendencylofavourspellingsandwordsthatremindpeopleofFrench,butAmericanEnglish,whenithasdevialed（背離）fromwhatBritishEnglishdoes,oftenchangesintothedirectionofseeminglessFrench,''saysLynneMurphy,authorofTheProdigalTongue:TheLove-HateRelationshipBetweenBritish&AmericanEnglish.."Aeroplane“isnoexception.''We'recomfortablewith'aero'inscientificterms,butasplanesbecamemorecommonthingstotalkabout,the4aero'seemedtoofancy,''explainsMurphy."InScientificAmericanin1906,therewasalreadyaclaimthat.Tenyearslater,'airplane'wasadoptedbytheNationalAdvisoryCommitteefbrAeronauticsastheirterm.ItwasconsideredintheUnitedKingdom,butthatsuggestiondidn'tgoanywhere.^^There'sagoodreasonwhywordsthatmeanthesamethingarespelleddifferently,andwhythatwillcontinuetohappen