西藏第三產業(yè)發(fā)展對就業(yè)的影響探究,產業(yè)經濟學論文

西藏第三產業(yè)發(fā)展對就業(yè)的影響探究,產業(yè)經濟學論文本篇論文目錄導航：【題目】西藏第三產業(yè)發(fā)展對就業(yè)的影響探究【第一章】【第二章】【3.1】【3.2】【3.3】【4.1】【4.2】【第五章】【以下為參考文獻】內容摘要就業(yè)是民生之本，關乎人民的生活質量與社會穩(wěn)定。我們國家是人口大國，一直以來都存在社會就業(yè)壓力的難題。西藏經濟發(fā)展固然起步較晚，但是最近幾年也逐步出現(xiàn)勞動力剩余與構造性失業(yè)等引起的就業(yè)問題。配第-克拉克定律為我們解決就業(yè)難題指明了方向，該定律表示清楚：勞動力在三大產業(yè)間的轉移趨勢是由第一產業(yè)向第二產業(yè)轉移，其次由第二產業(yè)向第三產業(yè)轉移。與諸多學者以為當下發(fā)展第三產業(yè)是緩解就業(yè)壓力和穩(wěn)定社會的重要渠道。西藏的第一產業(yè)生產力不發(fā)達，仍處于自然經濟向商品經濟的轉化階段，農牧業(yè)吸納了約44%的勞動力，如此宏大的就業(yè)比例正處于下降趨勢。西藏的第二產業(yè)是嵌入式工業(yè)，生產力水平低且輻射能力弱，就業(yè)比重缺乏15%,就業(yè)吸納能力非常弱，因而第二產業(yè)的發(fā)展對解決西藏的就業(yè)問題作用不大。固然西藏第三產業(yè)的發(fā)展基礎薄弱，但其擁有后發(fā)優(yōu)勢,在國家和各兄弟省份的援助下發(fā)展很快。當前西藏第三產業(yè)的產值比重已經占據(jù)三大產業(yè)的首位，其就業(yè)比重已經超過40%并處于穩(wěn)步上升狀態(tài)，具有超越第一產業(yè)的趨勢和潛力。由于西藏第一產業(yè)的勞動力已經到達飽和并產生剩余勞動力，第二產業(yè)對就業(yè)的吸納能力弱，因而西藏解決就業(yè)問題的重任就落到第三產業(yè)上。通過實證研究西藏第三產業(yè)發(fā)展對就業(yè)效應的影響，討論西藏第三產業(yè)促進就業(yè)的對策建議，對有效解決西藏的就業(yè)具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本文使用實證分析與規(guī)范分析相結合，定量分析與定性分析相結合的研究方式方法。在梳理國內外學者關于第三產業(yè)對就業(yè)影響的理論基礎上，通過研究西藏第三產業(yè)就業(yè)吸納彈性和產業(yè)構造偏離度以及就業(yè)比例等指標，對西藏的三大產業(yè)、第三產業(yè)、第三產業(yè)內部各行業(yè)的就業(yè)帶動效應進行分析；通過回歸分析西藏第三產業(yè)增加值對第三產業(yè)就業(yè)人數(shù)的影響，研究結果表示清楚西藏第三產業(yè)對就業(yè)具有明顯的正效應。結論也進一步證明，西藏第三產業(yè)是承接勞動力就業(yè)最有能力和潛力的產業(yè)。固然當前西藏第三產業(yè)的就業(yè)比重仍要略低于第一產業(yè)，但就其發(fā)展趨勢看，第三產業(yè)有望成為產值比重和就業(yè)比重的雙首產業(yè)，對西藏的經濟發(fā)展和社會就業(yè)影響深遠。然而西藏第三產業(yè)內部構造水平與全國平均水平相比存在一定差距，傳統(tǒng)服務業(yè)如批發(fā)零售業(yè)、住宿餐飲業(yè)的就業(yè)吸納能力較高，而當代服務業(yè)如金融業(yè)、房地產業(yè)的就業(yè)吸納容量小，行業(yè)發(fā)展力度缺乏，有待于將來加強發(fā)展帶動就業(yè)?；谝陨希覀円詾橐岣呶鞑氐谌a業(yè)就業(yè)效應，一應從西藏第三產業(yè)整體角度出發(fā)，引導第一產業(yè)剩余勞動力向第三產業(yè)轉移；二應從西藏第三產業(yè)內部行業(yè)角度出發(fā)，大力發(fā)展勞動密集型行業(yè)，如批發(fā)零售業(yè)、住宿餐飲業(yè)；穩(wěn)定發(fā)展生產性服務業(yè)，如交通運輸、倉儲及郵政業(yè)；順應市場發(fā)展新興服務業(yè)，如金融業(yè)、房地產業(yè)。進而在質與量上提高西藏第三產業(yè)的就業(yè)效應。本文關鍵詞語：西藏，第三產業(yè)，就業(yè)效應，實證分析ABSTRACTEmploymentisvitaltopeopleslivelihood,itisrelatedtopeoplesqualityoflifeandsocialstability.Chinaisthecountrywiththelargestpopulationintheworld,whichhasbeenunderthepressureofemploymentforalongtime.EconomicdevelopmentinTibet,thoughstartedlate,graduallyappearslaborsaturationprobleminrecentyears.sThelawofPetty-Clarkteachesushowtosolvetheemploymentproblem.Thelawshowsthatlaborinthethreeindustriestransferredfromthefirstindustrytothesecondindustry,followedbythesecondindustrytothethirdindustry.Thegovernmentandmanyscholarsconsiderthedevelopmentofthethirdindustryasthemethodtorelievethepressureonemploymentandsocialstability.Tibetsfirstindustrialproductiveforceisnotdeveloped,itisstillatthetransformationstagefromthenaturaleconomytothecommodityeconomy.Agricultureandanimalhusbandryhasabsorbedabout44%oftheworkforce,howeverthehugeemploymentproportionisdeclining.Thesecondindustryistheembeddedindustrywithlowlevelofproductivityandlowradiationcapacity.Employmentproportionofitisunder15%,whichisinferiortosolveTibetsemployment.AlthoughTibetsthirdindustryhasaweakdevelopmentfoundation,ithasapostadvantageanddevelopsrapidlyundertheassociationofbrotherprovinces.Currently,Tibetsthirdindustryoutputvaluehasoccupiedthefirstplaceinthethreeindustries,anditsemploymentproportionhasexceeded40%andisinasteadyupwardtrend.Tibetsthirdindustryhaspotentialtosurpassthefirstindustry.AsthefirstindustryinTibethasreachedsaturationandproducessurpluslabor,thesecondindustryisweak,theimportanttaskofsolvingtheemploymentprobleminTibetfallsintothethirdindustry.EmpiricalresearchontheinfluenceofemploymentbythethirdindustrydevelopmentandfindingpolicysuggestiontopromoteemploymenthasanimportantpracticalsignificanceforsolvingemploymentprobleminTibet.Thisarticleusesempiricalanalysisandnormativeanalysis,quantitativeanalysisandqualitativeanalysis,standingonthetheoreticalbasisofmanypredecessorsandintegradesthetheorywiththepracticeofpromotingemploymentbythirdindustry.Thispaperalsousesdescriptivestatistics,computingemploymentflexibilityandindustrialstructuredeviationdegreeandemploymentproportionindextodeepanalysistheinfluenceofthethirdindustryinpromotingemploymentinTibet.Atthesametime,weuseeconometricregressionanalysistoexploretheinfluenceofaddedvalueofthethirdindustryinTibettoemployment,combingwiththeaddedvalueofthethreemajorindustriesinfluenceontotalemployment,whichfurthertestandverifythatTibetsthirdindustryhasapositiveeffectonemployment.ConclusionshowsthatthethirdindustryinTibetisthemostcapableindustryofundertakinglaboremployment.AlthoughtheTibetanemploymentproportionofthethirdindustryisstillslightlylessthanthefirstindustry,butitisexpectedtobecomethedoublefirstindustrywhichhasthebiggestoutputvalueproportionandemploymentproportion.Tibetsthirdindustryhashadaprofoundimpactoneconomicdevelopmentandsocialemployment.Thoughthisindustryhasalowlevelofinternalstructure,traditionalserviceindustrysuchaswholesaleandretailtrade,accommodationcateringindustrysemploymentabsorptioncapacityishigher.Modernserviceindustriessuchasfinance,realestatesemploymentabsorptioncapacityissmall,theyaresubjecttostrengthenthedevelopmenttocreatemoreemploymentopportunitiesinthefuture.InordertoimprovetheeffectofthethirdindustryonemploymentinTibet,weproposedtochangingemploymentidea,improvingthequalityofthelaborers,speedinguptheprocessofurbanizationfromtheperspectiveofthethirdindustryasawhole.FromtheAngleofinternalindustry,wesuggestdevelopingthelabor-intensiveindustry,strengtheningthedevelopmentofproducerservices,payingattentiontothedevelopmentofemergingservices.TheseemploymentpolicyrecommendationshelptoimprovetheeffectofthethirdindustryinTibetonemploymentinthequalityandquantity.KEYWORDS:Tibet,thirdindustries,employmenteffect,empiricalanalysis目錄第一章緒論第一節(jié)研究背景第二節(jié)研究目的與意義第三節(jié)研究方式方法與創(chuàng)新第四節(jié)研究思路及邏輯框架第二章概念界定及理論綜述第一節(jié)第三產業(yè)與就業(yè)效應的概念界定一