山東省泰安市明湖中學(xué)2021年高二英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

山東省泰安市明湖中學(xué)2021年高二英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Ifwe_____theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.

A.take

B.hadtaken

C.took

D.havetaken參考答案：B2.—Whodoyouthinkwillgetthefirstprize?—Mary,ofcourse.She________forthecompetitionformonths.A.ispreparing

B.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparing

D.hasbeenpreparing參考答案：D3.Thenewairportwillbe_______fromalldirections.A.available

B.achievable

C.accessible

D.obtainable參考答案：C4.Hisplaywaspopularandeverytime_____aboutit，heowedhissuccesstothesupportofhisfriends.A.talking

B.talked

C.totalk

D.whentalking.參考答案：A5.Jim,youmuststopworkingroundtheclock,otherwiseyouwould_______intime.A.breakup

B.breakout

C.breakoff

D.breakdown參考答案：D略6.Youaremost_________tohaveachanceto______youropinion.

A.possible;say

B.probable;talk

C.likely;voice

D.perhaps;sound參考答案：C略7.Beingabletospeakanotherlanguagefluentlyisagreat

whenyouarelookingforajob．A．a(chǎn)dvantage

B．chance

C．a(chǎn)ssistant

D．importance

參考答案：A略8.I__________thepoorrabbit,butIdidn’thavetherightdrugswithmeatthatmoment.A.couldsave

B.hadsaved

C.couldhavesaved

D.saved參考答案：C9.Themedicalreforminthatcountryprovedtobe_____failure,butasweknow,successoftencomesafter_____failure．A．a(chǎn);the

B．a(chǎn);/

C．a(chǎn);a

D．/;/參考答案：B10.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears______everything.

A.totell

B.tobetold

C.tobetelling

D.tohavebeentold參考答案：D略11.Whatagreatweightthemotherfelt__hermindthemomentshefoundherlostson!A.turnedoff

B.takenoffC.setfree

D.broughtinto參考答案：B解析：turnoff表示“關(guān)閉；使人厭倦”，setfree表示“釋放”，bringinto表示“使進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)”。語境表示“當(dāng)她見到失蹤的兒子時(shí)候，心頭多么大的負(fù)擔(dān)被卸掉了啊!”feelagreatweighttakenoff是其正常語序。12.—Whatwasitthatmadetheyoungman____amongthecandidates(候選人)?—Hisability,determinationandaboveall,honesty.A.pickout

B.runoutC.giveout

D.standout參考答案：D試題分析：考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。短語pickout挑選出；runout用完，耗盡；giveout分發(fā)，發(fā)出；standout突出，顯眼；句意：究竟是什么讓這個(gè)年輕人從這些候選人中顯得很突出?！哪芰?、決心、最重要的是他的誠(chéng)實(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知D正確。13.OntheannualInternationalVolunteersDay,theworld______theworkofmillionsofpeoplewhogivetheirtimetohelpothers．A.abolishesB.assessesC.accompaniesD.acknowledges參考答案：D14.—MsWanglooksratherakindlady.

—Butinfactsheiscoldandhardonus.You____believeit!

A．shouldn’t

B．wouldn’t

C．mustn’t

D．needn’t參考答案：B15.Givingupmyjobtogobacktofulltimeeducationwasabig_______,butnowIknowitwasthebestdecisionIevermade.A.project

B.commitment

C.competition

D.ambition參考答案：B略16.Facingthedangeroussituation,hewascompletely______.A.atloss

B.ataloss

C.outoforder

D.outofsight參考答案：B略17.Ifyouthinkthere_____hugequantitiesofoilfortheuseofdrivers,youarewrong.

A.is

B.are

C.has

D.have參考答案：B略二、短文改錯(cuò)18.MrsBrownwaswalkingnearaplayground.Shewasahurrytovisitherfourgrandchildren.Shemissedhimverymuch,becauseshehadseenthemforquitealongtime.Shewaswalkingwhilesuddenlyshesawaballcominginherdirection.Shewasalreadyinherseventy.Shouldshekickthehalltosenditbackandshouldshejustgopastleavetheballwhereitwas?Finallywithgreatlycareshegaveitakick.Theballwentstraightintothegoal.Howwonderfulitwas!Andshehappenedtohavehelpedwonthematch.Andallherfourgrandchildrenwereonteamofthewinners.參考答案：MrsBrownwaswalkingnearaplayground.Shewas∧ahurrytovisitherfourgrandchildren.

inShemissedhimverymuch,becauseshehad∧seenthemforquitealongtime.Shewaswalking

them

notwhilesuddenlyshesawaballcominginherdirection.Shewasalreadyinherseventy.Shouldwhen

seventiesshekickthehalltosenditbackandshouldshejustgopastleavetheballwhereitwas?Finally

or

leavingwithgreatlycareshegaveitakick.Theballwentstraightintothegoal.Howwonderfulitwas!

greatAndshehappenedtohavehelpedwonthematch.Andallherfourgrandchildrenwereon∧team

win

theofthewinners.19.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Recently,theincreasingofsharedbikeshavemadeourlivesmoreconvenient.However,myclassmatesandIoftennoticedsomesharedbikesplacemessilyeverywhere.Wefeltupsetbutdecidedtomakeachangetotheuncivilizedbehavior.OnSaturdaymorning,wegatheroutsidethesubwaystation.First,webeganwiththosemessysharedbikesandtriedtoputthemintoorder.Peoplepassingbyappreciatedthatwedid.Seenthebikesinrowsonthepavement,wefeltexcited.Then,inordertoencouragepeople’scivilizedbehavior,weputupalargelypostersaying“PleaseBeCivilizedWhileUsingASharedBike”.Ofcourse,wedrewmuchattentionfromthepasser-by.Hopefullyouractionswillmakedifference.參考答案：Recently,theincreasingofsharedbikeshavemadeourlivesmoreconvenient.has

However,myclassmatesandIoftennoticedsomesharedbikesplacemessilyeverywhere.

placed

Wefeltupsetbutdecidedtomakeachangetotheuncivilizedbehavior.OnSaturday

and

morning,wegatheroutsidethesubwaystation.First,webeganwiththosemessysharedgatheredbikesandtriedtoputthemintoorder.Peoplepassingbyappreciatedthatwedid.

to

whatSeenthebikesinrowsonthepavement,wefeltexcited.Then,inordertoencourageSeeing

people’scivilizedbehavior,weputupalargelypostersaying“PleaseBeCivilized

large

WhileUsingASharedBike”.Ofcourse,wedrewmuchattentionfromthepasser-by.

passers-by

Hopefullyouractionswillmake∧difference.

a1.考查主謂一致。本句主語是動(dòng)名詞短語theincreasingofsharedbikes“共享單車”，單個(gè)的動(dòng)名詞短語做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要使用單數(shù)形式，所以使用has。2.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。本句中名詞bikes與動(dòng)詞place構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用過去分詞短語placedmessily做定語修飾bikes。3.考查連詞。因?yàn)楣蚕韱诬嚁[放很亂，我們感覺難受并決定改變這一步文明的行為。上下文之間是順接關(guān)系，并非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以要使用and連接。4.考查時(shí)態(tài)。該部分?jǐn)⑹鑫覀優(yōu)楦淖児蚕韱诬噥y擺放這一步文明行為所做的事情，應(yīng)該使用過去時(shí)。5.考查固定搭配。介詞短語inorder有序的；句意：我們從這些雜亂的共享單車開始，努力把他們擺放得很整齊有序。6.考查賓語從句。本句中what引導(dǎo)賓語從句并在句中做動(dòng)詞did的賓語。句意：路過的人恨感激我們所做的事情。7.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞see與句子主語we構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且see與主句謂語動(dòng)詞feel同時(shí)發(fā)生，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞seeing做伴隨狀語。8.考查形容詞。在英語中通常使用形容詞做定語修飾名詞，本句中使用形容詞large做定語修飾名詞poster。9.考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)及常識(shí)。名詞passer-by過路人，復(fù)數(shù)形式是passers-by。根據(jù)常識(shí)，過路人不止一人，所以使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。10.考查固定搭配。短語makeadifference起作用，有影響；句意：希望我們的行動(dòng)能夠起作用。三、閱讀理解20.Amicroscopeisausefulinstrumentforobservingsmallobjects.Byproducingabiggerimage,themicroscoperevealsdetailsthatareundetectabletothenakedeye(裸眼).Beforeusingthemicroscope,pleasereadtheinstructionsbelow.CAUTION:Microscopesarebothdelicateandexpensiveandmustbehandledwithcare.1.Alwayscarrythemicroscopewithtwohands—onesupportingthebaseandtheotheronthearm.2.Avoidstretchingthewireofthelampacrossawalkway.3.Keepthestagecleanandalwaysuseaglassslideforspecimens(樣本).4.Toavoidcrushingtheglassslidewhenfocusing,beginwiththelensclosetothespecimenandgraduallybackofftofocus.5.Keepthemicroscopecoveredtopreventthedustwhileitisbeingstored.HOWTOUSETHEMICROSCOPE:1.Plug(接通電源)inthelamp.2.Placeasampleofwhatyouwishtoobserveonaslide.3.Adjustthemirrorsoitreflectslightfromtheroomupintotheobjectivelens.Whenthemirroriscorrectlyadjusted,acompletecircleoflightwillappearwhenyoulookthroughtheeyepiece.4.Placeyourslidewiththespecimendirectlyoverthecenteroftheglasscircleonthestage.Ifitisawetslide,besurethebottomoftheslideisdry.5.WiththeLOWPOWERobjectivelensplacedovertheslide,usethecoarsefocusknobtolowerthelenstothelowestpoint.6.Lookthroughtheeyepiecewithoneeyewhileclosingtheothereye.Slowlyraisethelensuntilthefocusislyclear.7.Usethefinefocusknobtofine-tune(微調(diào))thefocus.8.Withoutchangingthefocusknobs,switchtotheHIGHPOWERobjectivelens.OnceyouhaveswitchedtoHIGHPOWER,useonlythefinefocusknobtomaketheimagesharper.59.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectwaytouseamicroscopeaccordingtothetext?

A.Useonehandtocarrythemicroscope

B.Placeasampledirectlyonthecleanstage

C.Whenstored,themicroscopeshouldbeadjusted.

D.Lookthroughtheeyepiecewithoneeye.60.Ifyouwanttoobserveathinpieceofhair,whichofthefollowingshouldyoudofirst?

A.Switchtoobjectivelens

B.Adjustthemirror

C.Lookthroughtheeye

D.Placethehaironaglassslide61.Accordingtothetext,youcouldseeacompletecircleoflight_____.

A.aftercorrectlyadjustingthemirror

B.whilelookingatthespecimenonaglassslide

C.afterslowlyraisingtheobjectivelens

D.beforepositioningthemirrorcorrectly參考答案：DDA59．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段中的“Lookthroughtheeyepiecewithoneeyewhileclosingtheothereye”可知，D選項(xiàng)正確。60．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“HOWTOUSETHEMICROSCOPE:Plug(接通電源)inthelamp.Placeasampleofwhatyouwishtoobserveonaslide”可知，首先要把要觀測(cè)的頭發(fā)放在載玻片上。故D選項(xiàng)切題。61．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由HOWTOUSETHEMICROSCOPE:Whenthemirroriscorrectlyadjusted,acompletecircleoflightwillappearwhenyoulookthroughtheeyepiece”可知，正確的調(diào)整好反光鏡之后，可以看到完整的光圈。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！緜渥ⅰ窟@是一篇介紹說明類文章。文章介紹了顯微鏡的構(gòu)造以及使用顯微鏡的方式。21.

Dolphins（海豚）arenotfish,butwarm-bloodedanimals.Theyliveingroups,andspeaktoeachotherintheirownlanguage.Inthiswaytheyarelikeotheranimals,suchasbeesandbirds.Butdolphinsareverydifferentfromalmostalllandanimals.Theirbrainisnearlythesamesizeasourownandtheylivealongtime—atleasttwentyorthirtyyears.

Likesomeanimals,dolphinsusesoundtohelpthemfindtheirwayaround.Theyalsomakethesesoundstotalktoeachotherandtohelpthemfindfood.Wenowknowtheydonotusetheirearstoreceivethesesounds,butthelowerpartofthemouth,calledthejaw.

Strangely,dolphinsseemtolikeman,andforthousandsofyearstherehavebeenstoriesaboutthedolphinanditsfriendshipwithpeople.

Thereisastoryaboutsailorsinthe19thcentury.InadangerouspartoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand,theylearnttolookforadolphincalledJack.From1871to1903,Jackmeteveryboatintheareaandshowedittheway.Thenin1903apassengeronaboatcalledThePenguinshotandwoundedJack.Herecoveredandfornineyearsmorecontinuedtoguideallshipsthroughthearea—exceptfor