2022年度山西省忻州市五臺(tái)縣第一中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

2022年度山西省忻州市五臺(tái)縣第一中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)

期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Oneofthetouristsfromthetourgroup.Thatwaswhythetourguidelosthistemper.A.keptawayB.brokeawayC.tookawayD.gaveaway參考答案：B2.（原倉(cāng)ij）一Whydidn'tyoutellherthepotentialdanger?—Butwhat?Sheissostubbornandneverlistenstome.A.couldIdoB.mustIhavedoneC.shouldIhavedoneD.couldIhavedone本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。參考答案：D略Wereyoureallygreatandpowerful,youyourpromises.A.willkeepB.shallkeepC.mustkeepD.wouldkeep參考答案：DShedidn'tcometohisbirthdaypartyjustwhathehadsaidtoherthedaybefore.A.becauseB.asresultofC.becauseofD.thanksfor參考答案：CInordertoagoodknowledgeofFrench,hegaveuphisjobandwenttoaFrenchschool.A.purchaseB.enquireC.accomplishStationcurrently3ahugebuilding-blockprojectoutinspace.可知，目前，國(guó)際空間站漂浮在距地球230英里的高空，看起來(lái)就像一個(gè)巨大的太空建筑工程。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。A.changing改變;B.transporting運(yùn)輸；C.breaking破壞；D.dividing分開(kāi)。根據(jù)USspaceshuttlesandRussianrocketshavebeen4toolsandpiecesofthe5intospacetohelpfinishbuildingit.可知，美國(guó)航天飛機(jī)和俄羅斯火箭一直在將空間站的工具和部件運(yùn)送到太空，以幫助完成空間站的建設(shè)。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。A.station車(chē)站;B.material材料：C.metal金屬：D.product產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)USspaceshuttlesandRussianrocketshavebeen4toolsandpiecesofthe5intospacetohelpfinishbuildingit.可知，美國(guó)航天飛機(jī)和俄羅斯火箭一直在將空間站的工具和部件運(yùn)送到太空，以幫助完成空間站的建設(shè)。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。A.design設(shè)計(jì)；B.progress進(jìn)步;C.popularity普及；D.completion完成。根據(jù)Fromthebeginningofitsconstructionin1998toits6,morethan100majorpieceswillbeputtogethertocreatethis7spacestation.可知，從1998年開(kāi)始建造到完成，將有100多個(gè)主要部件組裝在一起，創(chuàng)造出這個(gè)令人驚嘆的空間站。故選D.【27題詳解】考查形容詞。A.ordinary普通的；B.small小的；C.amazing令人驚訝的；D.attractive具有吸引力的。根據(jù)Fromthebeginningofitsconstructionin1998toits6,morethan100majorpieceswillbeputtogethertocreatethis7spacestation.可知，從1998年開(kāi)始建造到完成，將有100多個(gè)主要部件組裝在一起，創(chuàng)造出這個(gè)令人驚嘆的空間站。故選C.【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。A.applied應(yīng)用；B.closed關(guān)閉;C.entered進(jìn)入;D.finished完成。根據(jù)When8,itwillbethelargeststructureevertoflyaboveEarth.可知,建成后，它將成為有史以來(lái)在地球上空飛行的最大的建筑。故選D.,【29題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。A.longer更長(zhǎng)；B.larger更大；C.better更好；D.more更多。根據(jù)TheISSwillbe9thanafootballfieldandwillweighaboutonemillionpounds.可知，國(guó)際空間站將比足球場(chǎng)大，重約100萬(wàn)磅。故選Bo【30題詳解】考查名詞。A.scientists科學(xué)家；B.professors教授；C.architects建筑師；D.workers工人。根據(jù)Inadditiontohelpingbuildthespacestation,10aretryingtoanswersuchquestionsasthese:Howdoesspacetravelaffectgerms?Doesthehumanbodybreakdownfood11inspace?可知，除了幫助建造空間站外，科學(xué)家們還試圖回答這樣的問(wèn)題:太空旅行如何影響細(xì)菌?人體在太空中分解食物的方式不同嗎?故選A.【31題詳解】考查副詞。A.differently不相同地;B.actively積極地;C.instantly立即地：D.wholly完全t也。根據(jù)Inadditiontohelpingbuildthespacestation,10aretryingtoanswersuchquestionsasthese:Howdoesspacetravelaffectgerms?Doesthehumanbodybreakdownfood_11_inspace?可知，除了幫助建造空間站外，科學(xué)家們還試圖回答這樣的問(wèn)題:太空旅行如何影響細(xì)菌?人體在太空中分解食物的方式不同嗎?故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。A.surfaces表面；B.planets行星；C.locations位置；D.lands土地。根據(jù)Someday,thestationmayevenserveasalaunchpad（發(fā)射臺(tái)）fortripstoother12,suchasMars.可知，有一天，空間站甚至可能成為前往其他星球（如火星）的發(fā)射臺(tái)。故選B。【33題詳解】考查形容詞。A.limited有限制的；B.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的：C.middle中間的；D.impressive印象深刻的。根據(jù)Becauseofits13size,theISSneedsalotof14.可知，由于其巨大的體積，國(guó)際空間站需要大量的能量。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。A.astronauts宇航員;B.experts專(zhuān)家；C.power力量；D.space空間。根據(jù)Becauseofits13size,theISSneedsalotof14.可知，由于其巨大的體積，國(guó)際空間站需要大量的能量。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。A.wind風(fēng);B.air空氣;C.sun太陽(yáng)；D.water水。根據(jù)Likeotherman-madebodiesinspace,itspowercomesfromthe15.可知,和太空中的其他人造物體一樣，它的能量來(lái)自太陽(yáng)。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。A.collect收集；B.produce生產(chǎn);C.provide提供；D.consume消耗。根據(jù)Thesematerials16thesun'senergyandchangeitintoelectricity.可知，這些材料收集太陽(yáng)的能量并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。A.house房子；B.structure結(jié)構(gòu)；C.mode模式；D.system系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)Sowhatdoesitcosttobuildsucha17?Itcostsover$60billiondollars.可知,那么建立這樣一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)需要多少成本呢?它的成本超過(guò)600億美元。故選B..【38題詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。A.Since既然；B.If如果；C.When當(dāng)一時(shí)候；D.Although盡管。根據(jù)18thismayseemastronomical,itmaybeasmallpriceto19aprojectthatenablessomeoftheworld'sfinestscientiststoworktogether,exploringspacefortheworld's20.可知,盡管這看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)天文數(shù)字，但對(duì)于一個(gè)能讓世界上最優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家一起探索太空的項(xiàng)目來(lái)說(shuō)，這可能是一個(gè)很小的代價(jià)。故選D。【39題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組。A.takeover接管；B.setup建立;C.payfor支付；D.leadto導(dǎo)致。根據(jù)18thismayseemastronomical,itmaybeasmallpriceto19aprojectthatenablessomeoftheworld'sfinestscientiststoworktogether,exploringspacefortheworld's―20—.可知，盡管這看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)天文數(shù)字，但對(duì)于一個(gè)能讓世界上最優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家一起探索太空的項(xiàng)目來(lái)說(shuō)，這可能是一個(gè)很小的代價(jià)。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。A.existence存在；B.future未來(lái)；C.peace和平；D.dream夢(mèng)想。根據(jù)18thismayseemastronomical,itmaybeasmallpriceto19aprojectthatenablessomeoftheworld'sfinestscientiststoworktogether,exploringspacefortheworld's_20—.可知，盡管這看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)天文數(shù)字，但對(duì)于一個(gè)能讓世界上最優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家一起探索太空的項(xiàng)目來(lái)說(shuō)，這可能是一個(gè)很小的代價(jià)。故選B。三、閱讀理解21.ThreeastronautsreturnedtoEarthsafelyonWednesdayafterasuccessful15-daymission（任務(wù)）,markinganotherstepforwardtowardsthecountry/sgoalofbuildingamannedspacestationby2020.ZhangYouxia,commander-in-chiefofChina/smannedspaceprogram,saidtheShenzhouXmissionwasa/"completesuccess".TheShenzhouXlandedsafelyinnorthChina'sInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionatabout8:07a.m.onJune26,2013.Allthreeastronautswereingoodphysicalcondition.NieHaisheng,commanderoftheShenzhouXcrewandasecond-timespacetraveler,wasthefirsttogetoutofthebowl-likemodule（可倉(cāng)），followedbyWangYaping,theonlyfemaleastronautofthemission,andZhangXiaoguang.Duringabriefwelcomingceremonyheldatthelandingarea,theastronautswavedhappilytoacrowdconsistingofofficers,thesearchandrecoveryteam,andhealthpersonnel.“Itfeelsreallygoodtobebackhome/'saidastronautNieHaisheng.“Wearedreamers,andwehavenowrealizedourdream,“saidZhangXiaoguang.“Ourspacedreamknowsnolimit,andourhardworkwillneverstop/'hesaid.ComparedwithitspreviousmissionShenzhouIXlastyear,theShenzhouXisnolongerexperimentalbutconsideredanapplicableshuttle（航天飛機(jī)）systemforsendingastronautsandsuppliestoorbitingmodules.Themissionaimstofurthertesttechnologiesdesignedfordocking（對(duì)接）andsupportingastronauts'stayinspace,aswellastousenewtechnologiesrelatedtotheconstructionofaspacestation.Inits15-dayjourneyinspace,ShenzhouXdockedwiththeorbitingspacelabTiangong-1twice,oncethroughautomaticoperationandtheothermanual（手控的）.TheTiangong-1spacelabhasbeeninorbitformorethan600days.It'sdesignedtoworkfortwoyears.Themoduleisconsideredthefirststepinbuildingapermanentspacestationinthefuture.Andtheastronautsspent12daysinTiangong-1,wheretheyconductedspacemedicalexperiments,technicaltestsandgaveasciencelessontostudentsonEarthonJune19aboutbasicphysicsprinciples.Thelecturewasthesecondvideoclasssentfromspace,withUSastronautBarbaraMorgan's25-minuteclassbeingthefirstin2007.ks5uChinaisthethirdcountryaftertheUnitedStatesandRussiatoacquirethetechnologiesandskillsnecessaryforspacerendezvous（交會(huì)）anddockingprocedures,aswellassupplymanpowerandmaterialforanorbitingmoduleviadifferentdockingmethods.PreviousdockingproceduresconductedbetweenShenzhou-typespacecraftandtheorbitingspacelabincludedtwoautomateddockingsbytheunmannedShenzhou-8in2011andbothanautomatedandmanualdockingbythemannedShenzhou-9in2012.Sinceitsfirstmannedspacespacemissionin2003,Chinahassenttenastronautsandsixspacecraftsintothespace.Accordingtothepassage,theShenzhouX.wassentintospaceonJune11,2013isstillanexperimentalshuttlesystemsentmanysuppliestothemannedspacestationreturnedtoEarthsafelyontheafternoonofJune26ChinasenttheShenzhouXintospaceto.learnhowtomakeuseofamannedspacestationprovetheimportanceofthemannedspaceprogramexperimentonhowtomakeastronautsstayinspacesafelytestnewtechnologiesfortheconstructionofaspacestation48.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.NieHaishengistheonlymaleastronautofthemissionTheTiangong-1spacelabwasfoundedin2012ChinaisthesecondcountrytogiveaspaceclasstheTiangong-1wasmainlydesignedtoserveShenzhouX49.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?ChinaPreparesforNextMannedMissionShenzhouXSpacecraftMissionIsaSuccessChina'sShenzhouXIsNowinSpaceAstronautsofShenzhouXMissionAreMeetingMedia參考答案：ADCBD.acquire參考答案：D6.surprisesusmostisthatshedoesn'tevenknowthedifferencebetweenthetwolies.A.What;whereB.What;whichC.What;whatD.That;where參考答案：AHewantedtoknow_madeherchangehermindatthelastminute.A.whatwasitthatB.thatitwaswhatC.whatitwasthatD.thatwhatitwas參考答案：C【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：他想知道是什么使她在最后一刻改變r(jià)主意。動(dòng)詞know后面是what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，且作從句的主語(yǔ)，從句中是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)what,故選C。15.Themonumentwasbuiltinhonoroftheexplorerwhowasbelievedthebigriver.A.tohavediscoveredB.lohavebeendiscoveredC.todiscoveredD.havingbeendiscovered參考答案:略IsthereacinemaaroundIcanseeamovie?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what參考答案：CItwasonlyafteryearsofhardworkthattheengineerfoundawaytosolvethedifficultproblen.A.completelyB.naturallyC.eventuallyD.effectively參考答案：CNoonecangetaccesstothewebsiteanddownloadanyinformationfromitacorrectpasswordisentered.A.becauseB.unlessC.whenD.since參考答案：B略Thistelevisiondocumentarywillshowyou70yearsago.A.howourcityWuxilookedlikeB.whatdidourcityWuxilooklikeC.whatourcityWuxilookedlikeD.howdidourcityWuxilooklike參考答案：C【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這部電視紀(jì)錄片將會(huì)向你展示70年前無(wú)錫市的樣子。這里應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序,而whatsb./sth.lookslike又屬于一個(gè)固定句型,此處指70年前無(wú)錫市的樣子,應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以是whatourcityWuxilookedlike,故選C項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序，例如：HeaskedwhatcouldIdo.（錯(cuò)誤）->HeaskedwhatIcoulddo.他問(wèn)我能夠做什么。Iwonderwheredoyoulive.（錯(cuò)誤Iwonderwhereyoulive.我想知道你住哪兒。Thehigh?speedrailwayservicelinkingShanghaiandNanjinghasthetravelingtimebyhalf.A.removedB.declinedC.relievedD.cut參考答案：DNotuntilhewentabroadtofurtherhisstudytheimportanceofEnglish.A.hashefoundB.hehasfoundC.didhefindD.hehadfound參考答案：C略一WhichT-shirtdoyoulikebest?一.Theyarebothoutoffashionandexpensive.A.NoneB.NeitherC.AnyD.Both參考答案：A略Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyoflefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A.whomB.whichC.themD.those參考答案：一Oh,it'syou!Iyou.---rvcjusthadmyhaircut,andI'mwearingmynewglasses.A.didn'trecognizeB.hadn'trecognizedC.haven'trecognizedD.don'trecognize參考答案：AIt'snothowmuchwedobuthowmuchloveweputintowhatwedobenefitsourworkmost.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what參考答案：C二、完型填空Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagethereorefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Girlsthateatwiththeirfamiliesarelesslikelytodevelopeatingdisorders,astudysays.Newresearchshowsgirlswhoregularlyhavefamilymealsaremuchlesslikelytoadoptextremeweightcontrol50suchasvomiting（嘔吐）,usinglaxatives（瀉藥）ordietpills.Astudy51morethan2500Americanhighschoolstudentsfoundthatgirlswhoatefiveormorefamilymealsaweekhadamuchhealthier52withfoodinlaterlife.Theresearch,53ininternationalmagazineArchivesofPediatricsandAdolescentMedicine,polledstudentsaged13to17in1999whowerefollowedupfive

yearslater.Regularfamilymealswerefoundtohaveaprotectiveeffect54thegirls/age,weight,socio-economicstatus,dietinghabitsorrelationshipwithherfamily.Expertssaydoctorsshould55familiestohavedinneratthetable56onthecouchinfrontofthetelevisiontokeepawayfromseriouseatingdisorders.BelindaDalton,directorofeatingdisordersclinicTheOakHouse,saideatingwithfamilyhelped“normalize"youngpeople'srelationshipwithfood.“Whentheyoungarefeelingthatthey'renottreatedproperlyorwhentheyarefeelingcompletelydepressed,they57somethingthattheycancontrolandfoodissomething58andaccessibleforthemtocontrol.59ifthey'resittingwiththeirfamilyonaregularbasisthentheirfamilycanbemorein60oftheireating,“MsDaltonsaid."It'saboutyoungpeoplefeeling61theirfamilyandthatbuildsself-esteem（自尊andsenseof62andthatworksveryactivelyagainstsomeonedevelopinganeatingdisorder//Aneatingdisordersexpert,KirstyGreenwood,saidmealtimeswereoftendifficultforsufferers./zlt'stypicalthattheyfeelvery63oftheireatinghabitsandoftenwon'teatwithotherpeople.Perhapsit'sbecausetheyhaven't64theimportanceofthefamilymealintheirgrowingup,〃shesaid.A.behaviorsdevelopmentA.promotingdeliveringtherapiesC.progressD.B.surveyingimpressingD.A.relationshipcommunicationB.termsC.companyA.behaviorsdevelopmentA.promotingdeliveringtherapiesC.progressD.B.surveyingimpressingD.A.relationshipcommunicationB.termsC.companyD.53.A.spreademergedB.proposedC.publishedD.54.A.intermsofhonorofB.becauseofC.regardlessofD.in55.A.temptattractB.stimulateC.encourageD.56.A.apartfromratherthanB.morethanC.otherthanD.57.A.turndownupB.turntoC.turnoverD.turn58.A.availableresponsibleB.reliableC.reasonableD.59.A.SimilarlyRegularlyB.ConsequentlyC.ClearlyD.60.A.emphasisrelationB.controlC.responseD.61.A.relatedwithattachedonB.associatedtoC.connectedwithD.62.A.costworthB.expenseC.delightD.63.A.ashamedignorantB.proudC.confidentD.

64.A.experiencedbenefited64.A.experiencedbenefited64.A.experiencedbenefitedB.acceptedC.profitedD.64.A.experiencedbenefitedB.acceptedC.profitedD.參考答案：50—54ABACC55—59CDBAC60—64BCDAATheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）isahugespacestation.Itisbeing22bythousandsofpeoplefrom16countries.Allthesepeoplearetryingtofindoutifhumanscanonedaybuild22inspace.Floating230milesaboveEarth,theInternationalSpaceStationcurrently23ahugebuilding-blockprojectoutinspace.USspaceshuttlesandRussianrocketshavebeen24toolsandpiecesofthe25intospacetohelpfinishbuildingit.Fromthebeginningofitsconstructionin1998toits26,morethan100majorpieceswillbeputtogethertocreatethis27spacestation.When28,itwillbethelargeststructureevertoflyaboveEarth.TheISSwillbe29thanafootballfieldandwillweighaboutonemillionpounds.Inadditiontohelpingbuildthespacestation,30aretryingtoanswersuchquestionsasthese:Howdoesspacetravelaffectgerms?Doesthehumanbodybreakdownfood31inspace?Someday,thestationmayevenserveasalaunchpad（發(fā)射臺(tái)）fortripstoother32suchasMars.Becauseofits33size,theISSneedsalotof34.Likeotherman-madebodiesinspace,itspowercomesfromthe35.Tocreatesolarenergy,largepanels（嵌板）arelinedwithspecialmaterials.Thesematerials36thesun'senergyandchangeitintoelectricity.Sowhatdoesitcosttobuildsucha37?Itcostsover$60billiondollars.38thismayseemastronomical,