2020屆中考英語二輪專項復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解

Thereweremanyplantsinaforest.Whenspringcame,apinetreesawaredrosenearbyandsaid,"Whatabeautifulflower!IwishIwerethatlovely."Theroseproudlysaid,"ItseemsthatIamthemostbeautifulflowerinthisforest."Thentheroselookedatacactus（仙人掌）andsaid,"Lookatthatuglyplantfullofthorns（刺）！""Whataproudflower!"thoughtthetrees.Asthedayspassed.theredroseoftenlookedatthecactusandsaidbadwordsaboutit,like"Thisplantisuseless.HowsorryIamtobehisneighbor！"Thecactusnevergotangryandeventriedtoadvisetherose,saying,"Goddidnotcreateanyformoflifewithoutapurpose."Springpassed,andtheweatherbecameveryhot.Astherewasnorain,theredrosebegantowilt（枯萎）.Onedaytherosesawbirdsputtheirbeaks（喙）intothecactusandthenflyaway.Theredroseaskedthepinetreewhatthebirdsweredoing.Thepinetreeexplainedthatthebirdsweregettingwaterfromthecactus."Thecactushaswater?"askedtherose.Yes,youcanalsodrinksomefromit.Thebirdscanbringwatertoyouifyouaskthecactusforhelp."Theredrosefelttooashamedtoaskforwaterfromthecactus.Butfinallyitdidaskforhelp.Thecactuskindlyagreed.Theroselearnedalessonandneverjudged（評價）anyonebytheirappearanceagain.Atfirst,thoughtthecactuswasugly.theroseB.thepinetreeC.thebirdsD.thethornsTOC\o"1-5"\h\zTheredrosebegantowiltbecause.thebirdscouldflyB.springcameC.therewasnorainD.thecactusgotangryThebirdsputtheirbeaksintothecactusto.getwaterB.eatfoodC.offerhelpD.tellsecretsFromthepassage,weknowthecactuswas.rudeB.kindC.selfishD.carelessFromthestory,weknow.thepinetreedidn'tthinktheredrosewasbeautifultheredroseneversaidbadwordsaboutothersthecactusrefusedtohelpthebirdstheredroserealizedshewaswrongatlast31-35ACABD（二）Haveyoutriedtorunorwalkforexerciseandthengivenup?Ifyouansweredyes,youshouldtryanewkindofexercise:aquatic（水中的）exercise.Aquaticexerciseislikeexerciseonland,butyoudoitinaswimmingpool.Moreandmorepeoplearetryingaquaticexercise.Aquaticexercisefeelseasierthanexercisingonland.Why?Youweighabout90%lessinthepool.Itisbetterforyourkneesthanrunningorwalking.Waterisabout1,000timesthickerandheavierthanair.Tomovethroughthewater,yourbodyhastoworkfourtimesashard.Asaresult,youcanburnmorecalories（卡路里）.Infact,mostpeoplesaytheyfeelmorerelaxedinthewater.Theystopthinkingaboutthethingsthatmakethemworried.Theyfeelincontroloftheirbodies.Thecool,quietenvironmentmakesthemfeelgood.Butwhatifyouareafraidofthewater?Noproblem!Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Aquaticexerciseissafeandeasytolearn.Itdoesn'trequireanyspecialskills.Youdon'tevenneedtoknowhowtoswim.Aquaticexerciseisforeveryone.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?Differencebetweenairandwater.B.Weightchangeofone'sbody.C.Theadvantagesofaquaticexercise.D.Thewaystodoaquaticexercise.Whatdomostpeoplethinkofaquaticexercise?Relaxing.B.Worrying.C.Challenging.D.Boring.Accordingtothetext,aquaticexerciseis.A.doneingroupsB.fitforeveryoneC.difficulttolearnD.donewithspecialskillsInwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A.Culture.B.Health.C.Nature.D.Travel.CABB（三）Sometimesitseemsthattimeisflying.Perhapsitdoesn'tneedtofeelthisway.Ourexperienceoftimecanbepossiblychanged.Byunderstandingthepsychological（心理學(xué)的）processesbehindourdifferentexperiencesoftime,wemightbeabletoslowdowntimealittle.Onebasiclawofpsychologicaltimeisthattimeseemstoslowdownwhenwe'reexposed接觸）tonewenvironmentsandexperiences.Thelawiscausedbytherelationshipbetweenourexperienceoftimeandtheamountofinformationourmindsprocess.Themoreinformationourmindstakein,theslowertimeseemstopass.Itfollows,then,thatwehavedifferentexperiencesoftimeindifferentsituations.Insomesituations,ourlifeisfullofnewexperiences.Ourmindsprocessalotofinformationandtimeseemstoslowdown.Inothersituations,wehavefewernewexperiencesandtheworldaroundusbecomesmoreandmorefamiliar（熟悉的）.Webecomeinsensitivetoourexperience,whichmeansweprocesslessinformation,andtimeseemstospeedup.Howcanweslowdowntime?Herearetwosuggestions.Firstly,sinceweknowthatfamiliaritymakestimepassfaster,wecanexposeourselvestoasmanynewexperiencesaspossible.Wecangiveourselvesnewchallenges,meetnewpeople,andexposeourmindstonewinformation,hobbiesandskills.Thiswillincreasetheamountofinformationourmindsprocessandexpand（增加）ourexperienceoftime.Secondly,andperhapsmosteffectively,wecangiveourwholeattentiontoanexperience-towhatweareseeing,feeling,tasting,smellingorhearing.Thismeanslivingthroughoursensesratherthanthroughourthoughts.Forexample,onthewayhome,focusyourattentionoutsideofyourself,insteadofthinkingabouttheproblemsyouhavetodealwith.Lookatthesky,oratthebuildingsyoupass,travelingamongthem.Thisopenattitudetoyourexperienceshelpstakeinmoreinformationandalsohasatime-expandingeffect.

Toacertaindegree,wecanunderstandandcontrolourexperienceoftimepassing.It'spossibleforustoslowdowntimebyexpandingourexperienceoftime.Accordingtothewriter,wecanexpandourexperienceoftimeby.A.goingtobedontimeC.havingdinnerasusualtravelingtonewplacesA.goingtobedontimeC.havingdinnerasusualD.printingthesamematerialsWhatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Beingfamiliarwiththeworldaroundhelpsusgetmoreinformation.Understandingpsychologicaltimemakeslifepassmorequickly.Wecantakeinmoreinformationbylivingthroughoursenses.Weshouldbuildastrongerrelationshipbetweentimeandus.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?SlowDownTimeB.OnlyTimeWillTellRaceAgainstTimeD.TimeWillNotComcTwice答案：27—29BCA四）Haveyoueverheardthephrase“Younevergetasecondchancetomakeafirstimpression（印象）?”Itmaysoundlikeanunusualpieceofadvice,butitistrue---thefirstimpressionsomeonehasofyouwhenmeetingyouforthefirsttimewillprobablyinfluencehowthatpersontreatsyouorreactstoyouinthefuture.Whatisevenmoreinterestingisthatthebraintakesinalltheinformationtocreatethatfirstimpressioninaboutthreeseconds.Whenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttime,bythetimeyouhavestatedyounameorshakenhands,theotherpersonhasalreadyformedanopinionaboutthekindofpersonyouare.Sohowdoyoumakeagoodfirstimpression?Allthingsgrown-upstellyou---suchasbeingpolite,andbeingwell-dressed---areveryimportant.However,themostimportanttoolformakingagoodfirstimpressionisyourface.Smiling,beingresponsive,andlookinglikeyouarehappywillalmostalwaysleaveapositive（積極的）impressiononpeople,especiallythosewhodonotknowyou.Mostpeople,generallyspeaking,arereadytosmilebackwhentheyaresmiledat.Furthermore,smilingandbeinginapositivemoodhelpsyoutoknowand

getabetterunderstandingofnewthings.Thismeansthatyoucanpossiblybefriendliertopeopleyoudonotknowandbemorecreativeandabletosolveproblemsmorequickly.Soifyoueverneedareasontobehappy,thinkaboutthewonderfulpeopleyoumightmeet---andimpress---withacheerfulsmile.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"reactinParagraph1probablymeaninChinese?A.回應(yīng)B.道歉A.回應(yīng)B.道歉C.報告D.建議Whichparagraphshowshowsoonothersformopinionsonyou?B.Paragraph2.Paragraph1.B.Paragraph2.C.Paragraph3.Paragraph4.C.Paragraph3.Whatisthemostimportanttoleavegoodimpressions?A.Shakinghands.C.Dressingnicely.Statingyourname.A.Shakinghands.C.Dressingnicely.D.Wearingasmile.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?Friendlinesshelpssolveproblems.Beingpositivehelpsyoufindawayout.Therearemanyreasonstobehappy.Thinkingofgreatpeoplecheersyouup.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?TheFirstImpressionDoesCountSmilingMakestheFirstImpressionMannersLeaveDeepImpressionsImpressionsDecideWhoYouAreCCAAB（五）Recently,avideostoryhasspreadamongpeople.JamesAnthonyhascleanedthehallsofHickersonPrimarySchoolfor15years.Althoughheisdeaf,henevercomplains抱怨）.Instead,hegreetseverychildandteacherwithsmile.TeachersandchildrenlovehimverymuchandcallhimMr.James.OnthedayAnthonyturned60,theschoolwantedtogivehimaveryspecialsurprise.ThatdaywhenAnthonywalkedintoaclassroom,agroupofchildrenstartedtosign打手勢）andsing"HappyBirthday”tohim.Anthonystartedsmilingasusual.Thenhisjaw（下巴）droppedopenandhelaughedforjoyasherealizedwhatwasgoingon.AfewteachersledthekidsthroughthewholesongasAnthonywatched.Awidesmilewasonhisface.Astheyfinished,tearscameoutfromhiseyes.Scott,secretary（秘書）oftheschoolsaid,"ThechildrenloveandrespectMr.James.Theygivehimhighfivesinthehalls,andheeventeachesthemsignlanguage.Todayhehasputsmilesonfacesallaroundtheworld.”JamesAnthonyisatHickersonPrimarySchool.acleanerB.astudentC.asecretaryD.aguardWhendidJamesAnthonygetaspecialsurprise?Onhisfifteenthbirthday.B.Onhisfiftiethbirthday.Onhissixtiethbirthday.D.Onhissixteenthbirthday.WhydidJamesAnthonycrywhenthekidsandteachersfinishedsingingthesong?Becausehelosthisjob.B.Becausehewasdeeplymoved.C.Becausethekidsdidn'tlikehim.D.Becausehecouldn'thearthekids.AccordingtoScott,wecanlearnthat.A.AnthonyusedtobeagoodteacherthekidsloveandrespectMr.JamesthekidsoftenhelpAnthonycleanthehallsAnthonyalwaysgreetsthekidsandteachersbysingingsongsWhatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?AFamousTeacherB.LovelyKidsC.ASpecialBirthdayGiftD.AnAmericanSchool56—60ACBBC（六）Jobinterviews（面試）canbeverydifferentfromcountrytocountry.Aninterviewer's"bodylanguage"andquestions,andtheformofaninterviewarenotthesamearoundtheworld.Ifyou'reatajobinterviewinJapan,don'tlookdirectlyintotheeyesoftheinterviewer.Itisconsideredimpolite.Butifyou'reataninterviewintheU.S.,youshouldmakeeyecontact（交流）withtheinterviewer.Ifyoudon't,theinterviewermaythinkyouarenotsureaboutyourability.IntheU.S.andsomeothercountries,interviewersaren'tsupposedtoaskquestionsaboutfamilyandpersonalinformation.Inmostcountries,however,personalquestionsareverycommonduringjobinterviews.InGermany,yourinterviewmightbeginwithaveryshortconversationfollowedbyaformal（正式的）interview.InMexicoandmanyothercountries,thewholeinterviewmightnotbeformal.51.lnJapan,lookingdirectlyintotheeyesoftheintervieweris.boringB.impoliteC.humorousD.dangerous52.What'ssuggestedatanintenriewintheU.S.accordingtothetext?A.Sittingbytheinterviewer.B.Makingeyecontact.C.Talkingaboutfiunilybackground.D.Askingpersonalinformation.53.In,ashorttalkusuallybeginsbeforeaformalinterview.A.JapanB.theU.S.C.GermanyD.Mexico54.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A.Culture.B.Geopraphy.C.Science.D.Sports.55.What'sthebesttileofthepassage?JobInterviewsinJapanB.JobInterviewsintheU.S.C.JobInterviewsinGermanyD.JobInterviewsinDifferentCountriesBBCAD（七）Anelephantandacrocodilewereoncestandingbesideriver.Theyweredisputingwhichwasthebetteranimal。"Lookatmystrength,"saidtheelephant."Icanpullupatree,rootsandall,withmytrunk"“Ah!Butyourskinisnotnearlysothickasmine,"repliedthecrocodile."Noknifeortoothcancutthroughit.”Justastheywerecomingtoblows,alionhappenedtopass."Mydearfriends!"saidtheKingofallanimals,goinguptothem."Letmeknowthecauseofyourdisagreement?！薄癢illyoukindlytelluswhichisthebetteranimal?"criedbothatonce.Certainly,"saidthelion,pointingacrosstheriver."Doyouseethesoldiersmetalhatonthatwall?”“Yes!"repliedthebeasts.“Well,then,"continuedthelion,"goandgetit,andbringittome,andIshallbeablethentodecidebetweenyou.”Uponhearingthis,offtheystarted,,Thecrocodile,beingusedtothewater,reachedtheoppositesideoftheriverfirst,andwassoonstandingbesidethewall.Herehewaitedtilltheelephantcameup.Theelephant,seeingthatthecrocodilehadnowayofreachingtheirgoal,raisedhislongtrunk,andtookdownthehatquiteeasily.Theythenmadetheirwaytogetherbackagainacrosstheriver.Theelephantwastryingtokeepupwiththefast-movingcrocodileinthewaterandbecamecareless.Whenhewasforcedtoturnsharplytoavoidafloatingtreebranch,theelephantdroppedthehatanditfelltotheriverbottomThecrocodilenoticedtheaccident,sodownhedived,andbroughtitupinhishugemouth.Theythenreturned,andthecrocodilelaidthemetalhatatthelion'sfeet.TheKingtookitup,andturningtotheelephant,said:“You,becauseofyoursizeandtrunk,wereabletoreachthehatonthewallbut,havinglostit,youwereunabletogetitback.Andyou,saidtheliontothecrocodile,"althoughunabletoreachthehat,wereabletodiveforitandsaveit.Youarebothwiseandableinyourownways.Oneisnobetterthantheother”.Theunderlinedword"disputing"inParagraphImeansplayingBquarrellingCcomplainingdecidingWhatdidthecrocodilethinkwasbestabouthimself?A.HisbigmouthHisstrongskinHisswimmingskillDHisdangerousteethHowdidtheliondealwiththeanimalsdisagreement?A.Heorderedthemtofight.Hemadeaquickdecision.HesuggestedacompetitionHeaskedthemtodescribethemselvesWhatcausedtheelephanttodropthehat?A.Thehatgotwetintheriver.HehitafloatingtreHewastryingtoswimtoofastHewantedtofightthecrocodileHowweretheelephantandthecrocodileabletocompletetheirtask?A.ByworkingtogetherplanningcarefullyBysharingtheirideasBylisteningtothelionBBCCA(八)Theysaythat"travelisthebestteacher"andthereisnobetterexampleofthisideathantheMingdynastytravelwriterandgeographerXuXiake(1587-1641).HisbookTheTravelNotesofXuXiake,notonlyencouragedaloveoftravellingamongChinesepeoplebutprovidedimportantscientificinformationaboutthecountry'slandandgeography.BornintoawealthyJiangyinfamily,Xubecameinterestedinbooksaboutdifferentplacesatanearlyageandwantedtotravel.Whenhewas18,however.Xu'sfatherdiedandso,itseemed,didhistravellingdreams.Henowwasresponsibleforthefamilyfarmandtakingcareofhis60-year-oldmotherastraditionrequired.Buthismotherhaddifferentideas.Understandingherson,sloveoftravelandvaluingtheknowledgehecouldgetfromsuchexperiences,thismodern-thinkingwomanrefusedtokeephersonathome.SheagreedthatXucouldtravelforthreemonthseveryyear,whentherewaslessfarmwork.Soattheageoftwentyandwithhismother'ssupport,Xusetoffforthefirsttime,leavingbehindnotonlyhismotherbuthisnewwifeaswell.Hewouldrepeatthisgoodbyeeachyearformostofthenext30years.Duringthistime,hetravelledthroughouttheMingkingdom,carefullystudyingthelandshepassedthroughandrecordinghisexperiencesandmanydiscoveriesinadiaryThisdiary,whichoncehadover500,000words,wouldeventuallybecomeTheTravelNotesofXuXiake.Althoughrich,Xuavoidedcomfortabletravel,preferringtogoalmosteverywhereonfoot.Thiswayhecouldresearchtheenvironmentindetailandgetatruepictureofthenaturalworld.Manyofhistripsweretohard-to-reachmountainareas,andthroughwildforestswherefewpeoplelived.Hiswillingnesstofacehardshipscameatacosthowever.Progresswasslowandtiringandhewasfrequentlysick,robbedandbeatenduringhisjourneysSadlyXubecameseriouslyillduringhislastandlongestjourney,a4-yeartripthroughtheSouthwestofChina.Hediedin1641.soonafterreturningtohishometownforthelasttime.Whenhisdiarywasfinallyprintedyearsafterhisdeath,muchofithadbeendestroyedorlost.Althoughincomplete,itstillmadeXuatravellinglegendaroundtheworld.WhatisthepassagemainlyaboutA.ThegeneraldetailsofXuXiake'slifestoryThedifficultiesXuXiakefacedinhistravelsCTheimportantdiscoveriesmadebyXuXiakeTheinfluenceofXu'sbookTheTravelNotesofXuXiakeWhichofthefollowingbestdescribesXu'smotherA.StrictbutinterestingKindbutuneducatedCHelpfulandhardworkingD.Supportiveandopen-mindedWhydidXupreferwalkingduringhistravels?A.ItgavehimthechancetomeetdifferentkindsofpeopleIthelpedhimtosavemoneyandtravelforalongertimeItallowedhimtoseeandstudytheenvironmentindetailItwastheonlywaytoreachtheplaceshewasinterestedinWhatistrueaboutXu'sbookTheTravelNotesofXuxiakeA.ItwasonlymadepublicafterXudiedItmadeXuveryfamousduringhislifetimeItwasthefirsttravelbookeverwritteninChinaItwasmainlyaboutthedifferentpeopleofChinaWhatisthecorrectorderforthefollowingeventsfromXu'slitea.Hewentonhisfirstjourney.b.HisbookwasfinallyprintedHereturnedtohishometownforthelasttimed.Hedevelopedaninterestinbooksaboutotherplacese.HestartedmanagingthefamilyfarmafterhisfatherdiedA.a-e-d-c-bd-e-a-c-bd-e-a-be-d-a-b-cADCAB（九）Inourdailylife,robotsareoftenfoundtodoworkthatistoodangerous,boring,difficult,ordirty.Andweoftenseekidsplaywithtoyrobots.Butwhatexactlyisarobot?Therearesomeimportantcharacteristics特征）thatarobotmusthave.Thesecharacteristicsmighthelpyoutodecidewhatisandwhatisnotarobot.Itwillalsohelpyoutodecidewhatyouwillneedtobuildintoamachinebeforeitcanbeconsideredasarobot.Arobothastheseimportantcharacteristics.SensingFirstofall,yourrobotwouldhavetobeabletosensetheenvironmentaroundit.Giveyourrobotsensors（傳感器）：lightsensors（eyes）,touchsensors（hands）,chemicalsensors（nose）,hearingsensors（ears）andtastesensors（tongue）.MovementArobotneedstobeabletomovearounditsenvironment.Itcanmoveonwheels,walkonlegsorbedrivenbysmallengines（發(fā)動機）.Arobotcanmoveeitherthewholebodyorjustpartsofit.EnergyArobotneedstobeabletopoweritself.Somerobotsmightpoweritselfwithsunlight,somemightwithelectricity,whileotherswiththebattery（電池）.Thewayyourrobotgetsitsenergywilldependonwhatyourrobotneedstodo.IntelligenceArobotneedssomekindof"smarts".Aprogrammeristhepersonwhogivestherobotits"smarts".Therobotwillhavetohaveacertainwaytoreceivetheprogramsothatitknowswhatitistodo.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2isabout.A.thetoyBthecharacteristicC.themachinetheengineThechemicalsensorsmayhelparobotto.A.SeeB.catchC.hearD.smellInhowmanywayscanarobotpoweritselfaccordingtothepassage?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.TheChinesemeaningof"Intelligence"inthelastparagraphis.A.能源B.勤奮C.智能D.外觀Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?Tohelppeopleunderstandwhatarobotis.Totellwhatarobotcandoinourlife.Todescribethemovementofarobot.Tointroducethehistoryofrobots.61-65CDBCA（十）Oneday,amansawanoldladysittinginsidehercaratthesideoftheroad.Thoughitwasdark,hecouldseesheneededhelp.Sohestoppedhiscarandwalkedtowardsher.Theoldladywasw