四級(jí)寫作講座

2001/05/10OpiniontypewritingDirections:somepeoplewhohavebeensuccessfulinthesocietydon’tattributetheirsuccesstothetheoreticalknowledgetheylearntfromtheiruniversity.Doyouagreethattheoreticalknowledgeisnotasvaluableasexpected?2001/05/10translation開(kāi)頭句：1.關(guān)于理論知識(shí)對(duì)職業(yè)成功的貢獻(xiàn)，人們一都有懷疑。支持上述說(shuō)法：2.這是可以理解的，因?yàn)楹芏嘣谑聵I(yè)上獲得成的人并沒(méi)有完成大學(xué)教育轉(zhuǎn)入主題說(shuō)法3.但是事實(shí)上，在影響一個(gè)人成功的因素中，理論知識(shí)是最為重要的因素之一2001/05/10證明自己的觀點(diǎn)：理論知識(shí)重要正說(shuō)4.掌握理論知識(shí)就等于掌握了某個(gè)學(xué)科的基本概念與原理，這就為一個(gè)人的職業(yè)發(fā)展打下良好的基礎(chǔ)補(bǔ)充5.事實(shí)上，認(rèn)為理論知識(shí)與經(jīng)驗(yàn)不能相容的觀點(diǎn)是一種根深蒂固的誤解進(jìn)一步解說(shuō)兩者的關(guān)系

6.理論知識(shí)就是在經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來(lái)的，因此理論知識(shí)本身具有實(shí)踐意義。2001/05/10平衡觀點(diǎn)：經(jīng)驗(yàn)也很重要平衡觀點(diǎn)7.我們也需要承認(rèn)一個(gè)事實(shí)，理論知識(shí)不是人們成功的唯一要素。進(jìn)一步解說(shuō)8.一些其他因素，如性格、機(jī)遇、人際關(guān)系網(wǎng)等等在很大程度上決定了一個(gè)人是否成功2001/05/10總結(jié)盡管如此，我們需要承認(rèn)，大學(xué)教育與人們成功之間的關(guān)系被低估了。我們需要重新認(rèn)識(shí)大學(xué)教育與成功之間的關(guān)系。2001/05/10Firstparagraph:introduction1.關(guān)于理論知識(shí)對(duì)職業(yè)成功的貢獻(xiàn)，人們一都有懷疑。Peoplehaslongbeendoubtfulaboutthecontributionoftheoreticalknowledgetocareersuccess.2.這是可以理解的，因?yàn)楹芏嘣谑聵I(yè)上獲得成的人并沒(méi)有完成大學(xué)教育thisisunderstandableasanumberofpeoplewhodon’tcompletetheirhighereducationaresuccessful3.但是事實(shí)上，在影響一個(gè)人成功的因素中，理論知識(shí)是最為重要的因素之一However,ofthesefactorsthatdetermineone’ssuccess,theoreticalknowledgeisoneofthemostimportant.2001/05/10Elaborateyouropinion4.眾所周知，掌握理論知識(shí)就等于掌握了某個(gè)學(xué)科的基本概念與原理，這就為一個(gè)人的職業(yè)發(fā)展打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)Itiswidelyknownthatmasteringtheoreticalknowledgemeansmasteringbasicconceptandprinciplesofasubject,whichlaysfirmfoundationforcareerdevelopment.5.事實(shí)上，認(rèn)為理論知識(shí)與經(jīng)驗(yàn)不能相容的觀點(diǎn)是一種根深蒂固的誤解

itisadeep-rootedmisconceptionthattheoreticalknowledgeandexperiencearenotcompatible6.理論知識(shí)就是在經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來(lái)的，因此理論知識(shí)本身具有實(shí)踐意義。

Manytheoreticalknowledgeisdevelopedonthebasisofexperiences,sotheoreticalknowledgehaspracticalimplications.2001/05/10Balanceyouropinion7.但是，我們也需要承認(rèn)一個(gè)事實(shí)，理論知識(shí)不是人們成功的唯一要素。Meanwhile,wemustrecognizethattheoreticalknowledgeisnottheuniquedeterminantofsuccess.8.一些其他因素，如性格、機(jī)遇、等等在很大程度上決定了一個(gè)人是否成功Otherfactorslikepersonalitytraitandluckplayaconsiderablepartinone’scareersuccess.2001/05/10總結(jié)總之，我們需要承認(rèn)，大學(xué)教育與人們成功之間的關(guān)系被低估了。我們需要重新認(rèn)識(shí)大學(xué)教育與成功之間的關(guān)系。Tosumup,wemustadmitthattherolethattheoreticalknowledgeplaysinone’scareersuccesshasbeenunderestimated.Weneedtoreaffirmtheimportanceofhighereducationinone’scareersuccess.2001/05/10Directions:volunteerworkorganizedbytheschoolbringsmorebenefitsthanproblems,towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Nowadaysschoolpaymuchattentiontovolunteerwork,someschoolsevenrecognizeitasarequirementofgraduation.Despitethedisadvantagesofschool-organizedvolunteerwork,therearebenefitstorecognize.2001/05/10Itisclearthatstudentscanimprovetheirskillsandenrichtheirsocialexperiencesbyparticipatinginvolunteerwork.Asecondbenefitisthatstudentscanintegratetheiracademicknowledgewithpractices.Butitcan’tbedeniedthatthereexistsomeproblemswiththeorganizationofvolunteerwork,whichresultsinthewasteofvolunteer’stimeandenergy.2001/05/10Basedontheabovediscussion,weneedtoreaffirmtheimportanceofvolunteerworktothestudentsandthesociety.Inthemeantime,theorganizerofvolunteerworkshouldpaymoreattentiontotheorganizationtomeettheneedsofstudents.2001/05/102001/05/10WritingintroductoryparagraphsIntroductorydevicesIntroductoryparagraphofproblem-typewritingIntroductoryparagraphofopinion-typewriting2001/05/10IntroductorydevicesQuestionsProverbsAnecdotesExamples2001/05/10ExamplesofagoodbeginningSomepeoplethinktheworldmovesonthewheelsofmoney,othersbelievetheworldmovesonthewheelsoflove,butIbelievetheworldmovesonthewheelofenergy.Agentlemanis,notdoes.AnEnglishproverbgoeslikethis:opportunityneverknockstwice.ButIdon’tthinkso.Atleastitknocksatmydoortwice.2001/05/10Introductoryparagraphofproblem-typearticleAsweallknow,____isvital(indispensable)toourlife.AtpresentInthepresent-daytimeNowadays,Inthepast20yearsorso,Thereis(hasbeen)awide-spreadconcernthatTheproblemof___hasarousedwide-spreadconcern.Theproblemof___isbecomingmoreandmore(increasingly)serious.Ifnothingisdone,ourlifewillbeencounteredwithaseriousthreat.2001/05/10ExampleOneOnShortageofwaterAsweallknow,theproblemofshortageofwaterisvitaltoourhumanlife.However,atpresent,thisproblemisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Ifnothingisdoneaboutit,ourlifewillbeencounteredwithaseriousthreat.2001/05/10ExampleTwoCombatingagainstfakegoodsNowadays,thereareagreatvarietyoffakesgoodsavailableinChinesemarkets,rangingfromfakewatches,fakeshoestofakemedicineandfakemoney.Ifnomeasureistakentocombatagainstthem,oureconomicandsociallifewouldbegreatlythreaten.2001/05/10IntroductoryparagraphofopiniontypearticleAgreatmanypeoplebelievethat_______.ButIjustthinkotherwise.Somepeoplethinkthat_______whileothersholdthebeliefthat________.ButIpersonallythinkthat____________.Itiswidelybelievedthat______________.Myopiniononthisissue,however,isquitedifferent.Itmaybetruethat_____________.Butinmypersonalopinion,___________.Inmypersonalview,2001/05/10ExampleoneSomepeopleprefertoliveinthecitieswhileotherschoosetoliveinthecountryside.Asforme,Iwouldliketostayinthecountrysidebutchoosetoliveinthecityinordertoenjoytheadvantagesofboth.2001/05/10ExampletwoShouldwereadselectivelyorextensivelySomepeoplethinkweshouldreadselectivelywhileothersbelievethatweshouldreadextensively.Inmypersonalview,thisisnotamatterofyesorno.Itdependsonwhatwereadasitismybeliefthatdifferenttypesofbooksrequiresdifferentreadingapproach.JustasFrancisBaconputsit:somebooksaretobedigested,othersaretobeswallowed.2001/05/10Transitionaldevicesdevicesofreasoningdevicesofgivingevidencedevicesofmakingcomparisonandcontrastdevicesofenumerationdevicesofarguing2001/05/10Devicesofgivingreasons(1)Therearethreeprimaryreasonsfor_______.Tobeginwith,Furthermore,Lastbutnottheleast.Thereareprimarilytworeasonsfor________.Ontheonehand,___________.Ontheotherhand,_________.Amongmanyotherreasons,themostimportantoneis_____________.2001/05/10Devicesofgivingreasons(2)Thereasonfor_______isthatTheprimarycauseof______isthat_________.AcausesB BiscausedbyAleadstoresultsfromresultsinisresponsibleforgivesrisetoisresponsibleforistoblamefor2001/05/10DevicesofgivingreasonsBecause(As,Since,For)BecauseofThankstoOwingtoAsaresult,Asaconsequence,ConsequentlyTherefore,Forthisreason2001/05/10DevicesofgivingexamplesForexample,Asanexample,ForinstanceAtypicalcaseinpointisthatAsisindicatedintheexampleof_________ demonstratedillustratedshownStatisticsshowsthat_____Itisreportedthat_______ 2001/05/10DevicesofmakingcomparisonandcontrastAcomparisonbetweenAandBshowsthat_______BycomparisonIncontrast,However,Like(Unlike______),Similarly,Ontheotherhand,(Onthecontrary)WhileAis_____________,B____________.Itmightbetruethat__________________,butasecondthoughtovertheconcernedissueshowsthat__________.AdiffersfromBinthat___________.2001/05/10DevicesofenumerationFirstly,Secondly,Thirdly.Tobeginwith,atfirst;Furthermore(inaddition,additionally,besides,apartfromthat);Finally,atlast,Lastbutnotlease.2001/05/10DevicesofarguingSomemayarguethat_______,however,Itmightbetruethat_______,butweshouldalsorememberthat_______.Itmightbearguedthat_______.Oneofthemostbasicargumentfor(against)____isthat______,which,Iamafraid,Ican’tagreewith.2001/05/10ConcludingparagraphWhatwedointheconcludingparagraphtosuggestsolutionstoaproblemtoenvisagethedifficultiesinsolvingaproblemtorestatethethesistoforeseethefuturetocallforactionsandinvolvement2001/05/10Concludingparagraph:TosuggestsolutionstoaproblemOnewaytosolvetheproblemof_______istoInordertosolvetheproblemof________,itismosturgenttoarousetheawarenessofallthepeopleoverit.Wemustbefullyawareofitsgravityandurgency.Besides,lawsmustbemadetomakesurethat_____.Butthemostimportantofall,everyoneinoursocietyshouldmakehisorherecontributionsingettingridof______.NoimmediatesolutioncanbefoundasfarastheHowever,it’sgoodtoseemoreandmorepeoplehavecometorealizeitsgravityandurgencyandareworkinghardatimprovingthesituation.2001/05/10Concludingparagraph:ForeseeingthefutureTheproblemof_____isdifficulttosolve.Hereismybeliefthatintheforeseeablefuture,wewillbeabletoputtheproblemof_____underourcontrolifeveryoneThereisstillalongwaytogobeforetheproblemof______iscompletelysettled.Westillhavealongwaytogobeforeanultimatesolutiontotheproblemof_____isfound.2001/05/10Concludingparagraph:CallingforthactionsTheproblemof_______ishardtosettle.However,littleisleftforustofindasolutiontoitonceandforever.Itisveryurgentthateveryoneinthesoc