大學(xué)英語綜合教程Unit-12-gender-differences

GenderDifferencesTask1:

Doyouknowthat?Task2:

ApoemTask3:

WivesandbreadwinnersTask4:ManandwomanDumbman+dumbwoman=Smartman+smartwoman=Dumbman+smartwoman=GenderDifferencesromanceaffairmarriage

Genderdifferenceisatermusedtorefertosocialcharacteristicthatdistinguishmenandwomen.Theseincludesuchthingsasdifferencesinhairstyles,clothing,familyresponsibilities,occupationalroles,acceptablebehaviorandotherculturallylearnedactivitiesandtraits.Allofthesedifferencesarelinkedtothenon-biologicalnotionsofmasculinityandfemininitywhichvaryfromoneculturetoanother.GenderDifferencesScanthedifferencesbetweenmenandwomen.Thenworkingroupstodecidewhetherthecharacteristicsaremen’sorwomen’saccordingtotheinformationyouget.

Doyouknowthat?

Clickthepicturetogettheanswersuffermoreillnesses haveahigherrateofcolorblindness havealargerbrain aremorelikelytohaveaheartattack havemorefears livelonger likediamondshapes missmorework

√√√√√√√√HowdoesTennysonseetherolesofmenandwomen?Explainhispoeminyourownwords.Youmaybeginyourexplanationwith:Hispoemtellsusthatmanworksinthefieldwhilewomanshouldstayathome.Man…ReadthepoembyAlfredTennyson(1809-1892)carefully.Workingroupsandanswerthequestionsbelow.Manforthefieldandwomanforthehearth(爐邊,喻家庭)ManfortheswordandfortheneedlesheManwiththeheadandwomanwiththeheartMantocommandandwomantoobey;Allelseconfusion.—fromThePrincess(1847)APoemWatchtheinterviewonWivesAreBreadWinnersandanswerthefollowingquestionswiththeideasyougetfromit.Whyisthereahighdivorcerateinthefamilieswhichwivesearnmore?2.Howdowomenoftenfeelwhentheygetmoreforthefamily?3.Whataremasculineandfeminine?WivesAreBreadWinnersWivesAreBreadWinnersWhowilldothefollowingthings,manorwoman?Couldyouthinkofsimilaronesasmanyaspossibleaboutthedifferentpersonalityofmanandwoman?Pay$200fora$100itemneeded.Pay$100fora$200itemaren’tneeded.WorriesaboutthefutureuntilgetstheotheroneNeverworriesaboutthefutureuntilgetstheotheroneOnewhomakesmoremoneythantheothercanspend.Theonewhohasthelastwordinanyargument.TheonewhosaysAnythingafterthatisthebeginningofanewargument.Onewhocanfindsuchaperson.

Tobehappywithaman,youmustunderstandhimalotandlovehimlittle.

Tobehappywithawoman,youmustloveheralotandnottrytounderstandheratall.ManandWomanAwomanmarriesamanexpectinghewillchange,buthedoesn't.Amanmarriesawomanexpectingthatshewon'tchange,andshedoes.Womenlovecats.Mensaytheylovecats,butwhenwomenaren'tlooking,menkickcats.Awomanknowsallaboutherchildren,bestfriends,favoritefoods,secretfearsandhopesanddreams.Amanisvaguelyawareofsomeshortpeoplelivinginthehouse.Possiblecharacteristicsoftheidealhusband/wife:Idealhusbandtall,handsomeandstrong2)capableofsupportingafamilyIdealwife

1)beautifulandhealthy2)warm-heartedIdealWifeandIdealHusbandDirections:Workinpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1)Fromyourpointofview,whatarethecharacteristicsoftheidealwifeandtheidealhusband?2)Wouldtheidealwifeandtheidealhusbandhavebeendifferentinyourparents’generationandinyourgrandparents’generation?Ifso,how?ManandWomanThisisanunusualbutinterestingcustominThailand.Watchthevideoandlistencarefully,thentryyourbesttoretelltheinformationyougetaboutthecustominyourownwords.Workinpairstoanswerthefollowingquestions.Amanshouldbemasculine.Heshouldbestrongandresponsibleenoughtoprotectwomen,childrenandtheoldinafamilyandinthesociety.Hecaresmoreabouthiscareerandsuccessthanhislooks.However,awomanshouldbefeminine,tender,considerateandsmart.Sheshouldspendmoretimeonhouseholdaffairs,onchildrenandtheoldathome.What’sthetypicalimageofaman/womanintraditionalmold?SampleYes.Thereisaculturebiasineducationthatfavorsboysovergirls.Sometimesteachersunknowinglypreventedgirlsfromparticipatingasactivelyasboysinclassbyassigningthemdifferenttasks.Forexample,Inascienceclass,theteacherhadthelittleboysperformthescientificexperimentwhilethegirlsweregiventhetaskofputtingthematerialsaway.

Isthereanygender-biasineducation?Ifso,what’sthesituation?Canyougiveanexampletoillustrateit?SampleThismaydeprivegirlsofthechanceofhands-onwork,avitallearningexperiencethatwouldaffecttheirentirelives.(AnotherexampleisthatthetypicalAmericanteachersassumethatboyswilldobetterinmathandsciencesubjectswhilegirlshavebetterverbalandreadingskills.Thisattitudeinteachingleadstoboys’problemsinreadingandgirls’lackofinterestsinscience.)作形容詞時(shí)，female表示“女的”、“女性的”、“雌的”之意，著重指性別而言，經(jīng)常與之搭配的詞有：***，child，friend，companion，heir，ruler，servant，ward，voice，figure，suffrage，education，animal，plant等，其對(duì)語是male。例：Yesterdaywereceivedalotofguests，maleandfemale，inVictoriaPeakGarden．昨日我們?cè)谏巾敼珗@接待了很多來賓，有男的也有女的。Hisyoungersister，itissaid，afemaleoperative．據(jù)說，他的妹妹是個(gè)女工。Adoeisfemaledeer．牝鹿就是雌鹿。Feminine著重指“有女性氣質(zhì)的”之意，經(jīng)常與之搭配的詞有nature，sympathy，weakness，virtue，frivolity，curiosity，voice，pursuits，hobbies，clothes等其對(duì)語是masculine．例：Shehasgotallthefemininevirtues．她具有全部女性的長(zhǎng)處。Thisgentlemanhasgotafemininevoice．這位男士說話的聲音像女子。注：femaleeducation和feminineeducation的涵義并不相同，前者是“女子教育”，后者是“適合于婦女的教育”。femalevoice和femininevoice的內(nèi)涵亦不相同，前者是“女聲”，說話的人肯定是女子，后者是“女性般的聲音”，說話人有可能是男子。female和feminine也可以用作名詞，作名詞時(shí)，前者義“女性”或“婦女”，如：Afemalehasjustcalled．（一個(gè)女人剛來訪過）。但因有貶低的意味，一般不用afemale來指女人而用alady（一位女士）。feminine則作“陰性”解，例如在英語語法書里，thefeminine的意思是“陰性”，它等于thefemininegender．ExerciseThegirlisrather_________inappearance.masculineTodaydiscrimination(歧視)against_______job-seekersstillexists.femaleAsweknow,_____animalsaremoreaggressiveunderattack.male請(qǐng)用masculine，feminine,male或female填空。________educationneedsmoresocialconcern.Femininebiasn.aprejudiceorpreferencethatinterfereswithafairjudgment偏見，成見他們抱怨那份報(bào)紙報(bào)道那個(gè)事件的方式存在偏見。

Theycomplainedofbiasinthewaythenewspaperreportedtheincident.

TranslationThatemployeeshouldbeevaluatedwithoutanybias.在評(píng)價(jià)那位員工的時(shí)候不可以存在偏見。相關(guān)詞語biasedadj.preferringoneperson,thing,orideato

anotherinawaythatisunfair

偏袒一方的，有偏見的請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。Exercise__________________________________________whowashisneighbor’sson.那位評(píng)委支持三號(hào)候選人，他肯定是有偏見的。因?yàn)樵摵蜻x人是他鄰居的兒子。IntheUnitedStates,almostallthenewsmedia_________________________________________.在美國，幾乎所有的媒體在立場(chǎng)上都會(huì)偏向某一個(gè)政黨。arebiasedtowardsonepoliticalpartyortheotherThejudgewasbiasedinfavorofthethirdcandidate處理英語長(zhǎng)句的翻譯技巧（二）拆譯法拆譯法就是將英語句子中有些成分，比如詞、詞組、插入成分或者從句，從句子的主干中拆分出來處理，或變成短句，或變成獨(dú)立句等。這些成分可改變位置，但是要利于譯文句子的總體安排，使譯文自然、通順。

ThenumberofyoungpeopleintheUnitedStateswhocannotreadisincredible---aboutoneinfour.（單詞拆譯）大約四分之一的美國年輕人不具備閱讀能力，這簡(jiǎn)直令人難以置信。Letusadmit,andregret,thathehonestlybelievesitimpossibletodifferfromhim.（單詞拆譯）我們不得不承認(rèn)，他真的相信凡與他抱不同見解的人不可能是一個(gè)正人君子，這是令人遺憾的事。Thereisatidetakenatthefloodintheaffairsnotonlyofmenbutofwomentoo,whichleadsontofortune.（詞組拆譯）人生在世，有時(shí)會(huì)走運(yùn)，抓住時(shí)機(jī)，就能飛黃騰達(dá)，不但男性如此，女性也一樣。Withthefearof,largelyimaginary,plotsagainsthisleadership,hisself-confidenceseemedtotallytodeserthim.由于害怕有人陰謀推翻他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位，他似乎完全喪失了自信，但是所謂的陰謀在很大程度上是他自己憑空想象出來的。AfriendlycorrespondenceasneighborsandoldacquaintanceshadcontinuedbetweenmeandMrs.Read’sfamily,whoallhadaregardformefromthetimeofmyfirstlodgingintheirhouse.（從句拆譯）從我第一次入住他們家開始，里德太太一家人就一直對(duì)我很關(guān)心，我們像是友好的鄰居，又像是相識(shí)多年的老朋友那樣，書信來往始終未斷。Thisland,whichoncebarredthewayofwearytravelers,nowhasbecomealandforwinterandsummervacations,alandofmagicandwonder.（從句拆譯）現(xiàn)在此處已經(jīng)成為冬夏兩季的度假勝地，風(fēng)光景物，蔚為奇觀；而從前，筋疲力盡的旅游者到此只得止步。Somemenhavebeenvirtuousblindly,othershavespeculatedfantastically,andothershavebeenshrewdtobadpurposes.（單詞拆譯）有些人品行端正，但卻不去推究為什么要這樣做；有些人深思熟慮，但卻流于脫離現(xiàn)實(shí)；有些人非常精明，但卻把精明用于邪道。Nextdoor,alarger-than-expectedaudienceof300attendedtheFifteenthInternationalConferenceonEnvironmentProtection.（詞組拆譯）隔壁大廳里，參加“第十五屆國際環(huán)境保護(hù)大會(huì)”的人數(shù)竟達(dá)300名之多，這真是出乎意料。OnbehalfofallofyourAmericanguests,IwishtothankyoufortheincomparablehospitalityforwhichtheChinesepeoplearejustlyfamousthroughouttheworld.（從句拆譯）我謹(jǐn)代表所有美國客人向你們表示感謝，感謝你們無可比擬的盛情款待，中國人民以這種熱情好客而聞名于世。寫作實(shí)踐例文:GenderInequalityinEmploymentofCollegeGraduates相關(guān)鏈接Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:GenderInequalityinEmploymentofCollegeGraduates.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtothegiveninformationbelow:1.高校畢業(yè)生，尤其是女生，就業(yè)壓力大；2.用人單位在招聘時(shí)以各種原因歧視女生；3.你對(duì)在就業(yè)中“男女不平等”的看法。GenderInequalityinEmploymentofCollegeGraduatesInrecentyears,thenumberofcollegegraduatesisskyrocketing(猛漲),whilethenumberofjobvacancies(空缺)islimitedandseeminglyshrinking.Ifyoupayattentiontothe“wantads”innewspapersorontheCampusInformationBoard,youcanfindwordslike“malespreferably,”oreven“malesONLY.”WhenhuntingforjobsintheTalentFair,femalegraduatesaremorelikelytosensethebiasinemploymentthatfavorsmalegraduatesoverfemales.Thediscriminationagainstfemalesinemploymentwidelyexistsforavarietyofreasons.Theemployershavetheirsoundreasons—womenarenotfitforsomeofthejobstheyoffer.Mostemployersbelievethatwomenwouldnotdevotethemselvestotheircareersasmuchasmendo,fortheyspendmoretimeandenergyonfamilylifeorhousework.Apartfromthis,itisgenerallyacceptedthatfemalesarephysicallyandintellectuallyinferiortomales,sotheyarenotabletocontributemuchduetotheirincapability.Furthermore,thebiologicaldifferenceisanotherobstaclethathinderswomenfromobtainingcertainpositions.Asamatteroffact,itisnotprimarilybiologythatdetermineswomen’srolesinsociety,butsocialprejudices(偏見).Menhavebeenviewedasthebreadwinnerofthefamily,whilewomenareexpectedtotakecareofthechildrenandtodothehousework.Theemployers’discriminationagainstfemalesnotonlydeprivesthemoftheopportunitytofulfilltheirdreams,butgreatlydiscouragesthemaswell—eventhoughtheiracademicperformancesarebetterthanmales,thechancesforthemtogetjobsarefewer.Inreality,iffemalesaretreatedsimilarly,theyhavethesamepotentialastheirmalecounterparts（男同胞）andcanaccomplishsimilargoals.Para1FeatureoflanguageP_______Easilym________andM_______Reason:complicated________\n______________speciall_________G_________?1__________________?2_________________Para2Words1.o________2.manwomanexaltedpositionsub________D________Supre__________H__________manofthehouse,definited__________Para3AmericaWordspairsPara4NilsonFemale1.________Eg:________2.virginitylooseMaleActive__________Para5LinguisticconnotationNilsonshrewShrewdtomboyPara6Friendlytalk:BabeBroadChick?Whychoosewhen_______________Para7CallforachangeHow?________________1.Whichtwoopinionsarepresentedinthefirstparagraph?Therearethosewhobelievethatthelanguagethatweuseeverydayisbiasedinandofitself.Thentherearethosewhofeelthatlanguageisareflectionoftheprejudicesthatpeoplehavewithinthemselves.2.What’sthemainstrategytodevelopthisexpositiveessay?Thetextismainlydevelopedbymeansofexemp________.ExamplesareabundantlyusedinParagraphs2-63.Whichsentencesintheconclusionshowthewriter’sattitude?Inthelastparagraph,wefindthesesentences:“Itisnecessaryforpeopletomaketheproperadjustmentsinternallytouseappropriatelanguagetoeffectivelyincludebothgenders.Wequalifylanguage.Itisuptoustodecidewhatwewillallowtobeusedandmadeproperintheareaoflanguage.”Evidently,theydenotethewriter’sattitudetowardwhatweshoulddoaboutgenderbiasinlanguage.wordsNuanceMasculinefemininePerpetuateEnforceUnmeritedDiscerningCommonplacequalifyDifficultsentencesPara1YetitisoftenPara2TherearewordsPara5tobeendowedbygeneticsbeinvolvedintrouble卷入糾紛beinvolvedindisaster陷入不幸ataskwhichinvolvesmuchdifficulty困難重重的任務(wù)involveanumbertothefifthpower把某數(shù)乘五次方Cloudsinvolvedthemountaintop.云霧籠罩山頭。Hewasinvolvedinworkingoutaplan.他專心致志地制訂計(jì)劃。beinvolvedin包含在...;與...有關(guān);被卷入;專心地(做)beinvolvedwith涉及becomeinvolvedin卷入,陷入getinvolvedwith給...纏住Identified1.Wealthcan'tbeidentifiedwithhappiness.

財(cái)富不能同幸福等同起來。2.Itssuccesswillnowbeidentifiedwithshort-termmovementsonWallStreet.

它的成功現(xiàn)在將由華爾街上的短期運(yùn)動(dòng)來確認(rèn)。3.ThereasonsPlato'spoliticalthoughtdevelopedinthisdirectioncannot

beidentifiedwithassurance.

原因柏拉圖的政治思想仍在發(fā)展，這個(gè)方向不能確定與保證。偏向某個(gè)觀點(diǎn)或某一方時(shí)，我們一般用bias1.偏見,成見;偏心2.傾向,趨勢(shì);偏愛3.斜線,斜紋4.【電】偏壓a.1.斜的;斜紋的ad.1.偏斜地,對(duì)角地vt.1.使存偏見;使有偏心[H]2.加偏壓于bias表達(dá)是偏向某一方的偏見，而prejudice是歧視某一方的偏見claim索賠request指語氣委婉的請(qǐng)求require指正式的“要求；命令”希望得到遵守attachto表示“相關(guān)，依附”一般表示一種人的關(guān)系或者物體的物理關(guān)系一般講人比如Theyareveryattachedtoeachother.他們關(guān)系特別密切。但是也可以講東西的附著關(guān)系，比如Thechequeisattachedtotheletter.支票已經(jīng)被附在信件上了。而connectwith是連接，一般講的是電器也可以說兩個(gè)人的思維連接比如Iconnectwithherideaof....我對(duì)于她的這一想法有共鳴。link:多指兩個(gè)物體的連接(具體)

connect:多指兩個(gè)事件的連接(抽象)

attach:一個(gè)物體附著(附屬)于另一個(gè)物體

forexample是舉一個(gè)實(shí)例，是個(gè)句子。較常用。forinstance通常接一個(gè)事情。forexample表示很多例子中一個(gè)forinstance表示實(shí)例，一個(gè)事實(shí)"Forinstance"isusedfordescribinganexampleofaparticularkindofsituation.

"Forexample"=inparticular;specifically;thus;so;totakesomethinglikeasanillustration

Hi,youaskedaquestionofalifetime.Thisquestionhasbeeninmindforthepastmanyyearsandyoufinallyaskedit.Letshopetogetasmanyanswersaspossibleandthenwewillseewhicho