研究生英語上冊UnitOne

《研究生英語精讀教程》(第三版·上)中國人民大學出版社UnitOneYouAreWhatYouThink1.Text2.Exercises3.SupplementaryReadingYouAreWhatYouThinkAndifyouchangeyourmind—frompessimismtooptimism—youcanchangeyourlifeClaipeSafranTranslationMenudoughnutn..炸面圈clichén.ideaorexpressionthathasbeentoomuchusedandisnowoutdated;stereotypedphrase;triteexpression陳腔濫調scrutinizev..makeadetailedexaminationof細查，詳審；審視Menu[1]Doyouseetheglassashalffullratherthanhalfempty?Doyoukeepyoureyeuponthedoughnut﹡,notuponthehole?Suddenlytheseclichés﹡arescientificquestions,asresearchersscrutinize﹡thepowerofpositivethinking.Translation[2]Afast-growingbodyofresearch—104studiessofar,involvingsome15000people—isprovingthatoptimism﹡canhelpyoutobehappier,healthierandmoresuccessful.Pessimism﹡leads,bycontrast,tohopelessness,sicknessandfailure,andislinkedtodepression﹡,lonelinessandpainfulshyness.optimism※n.beliefthatintheendgoodwilltriumphoverevil;tendencytolookuponthebrightsideofthings;confidenceinsuccess樂觀；樂觀主義pessimism※n.tendencytobelievethattheworstthingismostlikelytohappen,thateverythingisessentiallyevil悲觀；悲觀主義depression※n.beingsad;lowspirit沮喪，抑郁Menu"Ifwecouldteachpeopletothinkmorepositively,"sayspsychologist﹡CraigA.AndersonofRiceUniversity①inHouston②，"itwouldbelikeinoculatingthemagainstthesementalills."psychologistn.心理學家，研究心理學者MenuTranslation[3]"Yourabilitiescount,"explainspsychologistMichaelF.Scheier①ofCarnegieMellonUniversity②

inPittsburgh③,"butthebeliefthatyoucansucceedaffectswhetherornotyouwill."Inpart﹡,that'sbecauseoptimistsandpessimistsdealwiththesamechallengesanddisappointmentsinverydifferentways.inpart:tosomeextent在某種程度上MenuTranslation[4]Take,forexample,yourjob.Inamajorstudy,psychologistMartinE.P①.SeligmanoftheUniversityofPennsylvania②

andcolleaguePeterSchulmansurveyedsalesrepresentativesattheMetropolitan﹡LifeInsuranceCo.Theyfoundthatthepositive-thinkersamonglongtimerepresentativessold37-percentmoreinsurancethandidthenegative-thinkers.Ofnewlyhiredrepresentatives,optimistssold20-percentmore.metropolitan※adj.oforinacapitalcity大城市的，大都會的，首府的MenuTranslation[5]Impressed,thecompanyhired100peoplewhohadfailedthestandardindustrytest

buthadscoredhighonoptimism.Thesepeople,whomightneverhavebeenhired,sold10percentmoreinsurancethandidtheaveragerepresentative.MenuTranslation[6]Howdidtheydoit?Thesecrettoanoptimist'ssuccess,accordingtoSeligman,isinhis"explanatorystyle".Whenthingsgowrongthepessimisttendstoblamehimself."I'mnogoodatthis,"hesays,"Ialwaysfail."Theoptimistlooksforloopholes﹡.Heblamestheweather,thephoneconnection﹡,eventheotherperson.loopholen.wayofescapefromcontrol,esp.oneprovidedbycarelessandinexactwordingofarule（因措詞欠妥而造成的法規(guī)上的）漏洞connection※n.joiningorbeingjoined;pointwheretwothings連接；連接點；連接物MenuThatcustomerwasinabadmood,hethinks.Whenthingsgoright,theoptimisttakescredit﹡whilethepessimistseessuccessasafluke﹡.credit※n.honour,approval,goodnameorreputation榮譽；贊許；好名聲fluken.somethingresultingfromafortunateaccident;luckystroke僥幸的結果；僥幸MenuTranslation[7]CraigAndersonhadagroupofstudentsphonestrangersandaskthemtodonate﹡bloodtotheRedCross

.Whentheyfailedonthefirstcallortwo,pessimistssaid,"Ican'tdothis."Optimiststoldthemselves,"Ineedtotryadifferentapproach."[8]Negativeorpositive,itwasaself-fulfillingprophecy﹡."Ifpeoplefeelhopeless,"saysAnderson,"theydon'tbothertoacquiretheskillstheyneedtosucceed."donatev.give(eg

money)toacharity,etc.;contribute捐贈；贈送prophecy△n.poweroftellingwhatwillhappeninthefuture;statementthattellswhatwillhappen預言能力；預言MenuTranslation[9]Asenseofcontrol,accordingtoAnderson,isthelitmus﹡test

forsuccess.Theoptimistfeelsincontrolofhisownlife.Ifthingsaregoingbadly,heactsquickly,lookingforsolutions,forminganewplanofaction,andreachingoutforadvice.Thepessimistfeelslikefate'splaything﹡andmovesslowly.Hedoesn'tseekadvice,sinceheassumesnothingcanbedone.litmusn.bluecoloring-matterthatisturnedredbyacidandthenrestoredbyalkali;materialstainedwithlitmususedasatestforacidsandalkalis石蕊；試驗酸和堿用的石蕊試紙playthingn.toy;(fig.)somebodytreatedasameretoy玩具；（喻）被玩弄取樂的人；玩物MenuTranslation[10]Optimistsmaythinktheyarebetterthanthefactswouldjustify—andsometimesthat'swhatkeepsthemalive.Dr.SandraLevyofthePittsburghCancerInstitutestudiedwomenwithadvancedbreast﹡cancer.Forthewomenwhoweregenerallyoptimistic,therewasalongerdisease-freeinterval,thebestpredictorofsurvival.Inapilotstudyofwomenintheearlystagesofbreastcancer,Dr.Levyfoundthediseaserecurred﹡sooneramongthepessimists.breast※n.eitherofthemilk-producingpartsofawoman;chest;upperfrontpartofthehumanbody乳房；胸膛；胸部eorhappenagain;berepeated再來；再發(fā)生；重復

MenuTranslation[11]Optimismwon'tcuretheincurable,butitmaypreventillness.Inalongtermstudy,researchersexaminedthehealthhistoriesofagroupofHarvardgraduates,allofwhomwereinthetophalfoftheirclassandinfinephysicalcondition.Yetsomewerepositivethinkers,andsomenegative.Twentyyearslater,thereweremoremiddle-agediseases—hypertension﹡,diabetes﹡,heartailments﹡—amongthepessimiststhantheoptimists.hypertensionn.highbloodpressure高血壓diabetesn.diseaseofthepancreasinwhichsugarandstarchyfoodscannotbeproperlyabsorbed糖尿病ailmentn.illness疾病

MenuTranslation[12]Manystudiessuggestthatthepessimist'sfeelingofhelplessnessundermines﹡thebody'snaturaldefenses,theimmune﹡system.Dr.ChristopherPeterson①oftheUniversityofMichigan②hasfoundthatthepessimistdoesn'ttakegoodcareofhimself.underminev.weakenatthebase;weakengradually使從基礎損壞；逐漸削弱或損壞immune※adj.exemptfromorprotectedagainstsomethingdisagreeableorharmful;notsusceptibletosomespecifieddiseasebecauseofthepresenceofthespecificantibodies免除的；安全的；免疫的MenuFeelingpassiveandunabletododge﹡life'sblows,heexpectsillhealthandothermisfortunes﹡,nomatterwhathedoes.Hemunches﹡onjunk﹡food，avoidsexercise,ignoresthedoctor,hasanotherdrink.dodgev.movequicklytooneside,changepositionordirection,inordertoescapeoravoidsomething;avoid(duties,etc.)bycunningortrickery躲閃，躲避，逃避misfortune※n.badluck;unfortunateaccidentorhappening不幸；災禍；不幸事故munchv.chewwithmuchmovementofthejaw用力咀嚼；大聲咀嚼junkn.old,discardedthingsoflittleornovalue破爛物MenuTranslation[13]Mostpeopleareamixofoptimismandpessimism,butareinclinedinonedirectionortheother.Itisapatternofthinkinglearned“atyourmother‘sknee”，saysSeligman.Itgrowsoutofthousandsofcautions﹡orencouragements,negativestatementsorpositiveones.Toomany“don’ts”andwarningsofdangercanmakeachildfeelincompetent,fearful—andpessimistic.caution※n.warningwords;takingcare;payingattention(toavoiddangerormakingmistakes)警告；小心；謹慎MenuTranslation[14]Astheygrow,childrenexperiencesmalltriumphs﹡,suchaslearningtotieshoelaces﹡.Parentscanhelpturnthesesuccessesintoasenseofcontrol,andthatbreedsoptimism.triumph△n.(joyorsatisfactionata)successorvictory成功；勝利；成功或勝利的喜悅shoelace※n.cordforfasteningtheedgesofashoe’suppers鞋帶MenuTranslation[15]Pessimismisahardhabittobreak—butitcanbedone.Inaseriesoflandmark﹡studies,Dr.CarolDweck①oftheUniversityofIllinois②hasbeenworkingwith﹡childrenintheearlygradesofschool.landmarkn.objectthatmarkstheboundaryofapieceofland;(fig.)event,discovery,change,etc.thatmarksastageorturning-point界標；(喻)劃時代的大事、發(fā)現等；里程碑workwith(someone):spendtimeandefforttryingtohelp(someone)insomeway對(某人)做工作以幫助MenuAsshehelpsfloundering﹡studentstochangetheexplanationsfortheirfailures—from"Imustbedumb﹡"to"Ididn'tstudyhardenough“—theiracademicperformanceimproves.flounderv.makeviolentandusuallyvainefforts(aswhenoneisindeepwaterandunabletoswim);(fig.)hesitate,makemistakes,whentryingtodosomething掙扎；(喻)躊躇或胡亂地做事dumbadj.unabletospeak;(UScolloquial)stupid;dull啞的；(美口)笨的；愚蠢的MenuTranslation[16]Pittsburgh'sDr.Levywonderedifturningpatientsintooptimistswouldlengthentheirlives.Inapilotstudy,twogroupsofcolon﹡-cancerpatientsweregiventhesamemedicaltreatment,butsomewerealsogivenpsychologicalhelptoencourageoptimism.Resultsshowedthatthisworked.Nowamajorstudyisplannedtodeterminewhetherthispsychological﹡changecanalterthecourseofthedisease.colonn.lowerandgreaterpartofthelargeintestine結腸psychological※adj.ofthemind;mental心理的MenuTranslation[17]So,ifyou'reapessimist,there'sreasonforoptimism.Youcanchange.Here'show,saysSteveHollon①,apsychologistatVanderbiltUniversity②:[18]1.Paycarefulattentiontoyourthoughtswhenbadthingshappen.Writedownthefirstthingthatcomestomind,uneditedanduncensored﹡.censor△v.examinebooks,periodicals,films,etc.tocutoutanythingregardedasimmoralorinotherwaysundesirable檢查并刪剪(書刊、電影等)被認為不當的部分MenuTranslation[19]2.Nowtryanexperiment.Dosomethingthat'scontrarytoanynegativereactions.Let'ssaysomethinghasgonewrongatwork.Doyouthink,Ihatemyjob,butIcouldnevergetabetterone?Actasifthatweren'tso.Sendoutresumés.Gotointerviews.Lookintotrainingandcheckjobleads.MenuTranslation[20]3.Keeptrackofwhathappens.Wereyourfirstthoughtsrightorwrong?"Ifyourthoughtsareholdingyouback,changethem,"saysHollon."It'strialanderror,noguarantees,butgiveyourselfachance."MenuTranslation[21]Positivethinkingleadstopositiveaction,andreaction.Whatyouexpectfromtheworld,theevidencesuggests,iswhatyou'relikelytoget.MenuTranslationExercises

Ⅰ.Comprehension

Ⅱ.Vocabulary

Ⅲ.Cloze

Ⅳ.Translation(EnglishtoChinese)Ⅴ.Translation(ChinesetoEnglish)

Ⅵ.WritingMenuⅠ.ComprehensionAnswerthefollowingquestionsorcompletethefollowingstatementsbychoosingthebestalternativeA,B,CorDundereach.Youareallowed2minutes30secondsforthispart.1.Thosepeoplewho"keeptheireyeuponthedoughnutratherthanonthehole"_______.areconsideredpositive-thinkersbytheauthorarelikelytoseetheirglassashalfemptyviewtheirsuccessesandfailuresmoreobjectivelyhavesuddenlybecometheobjectofscientificresearchonclichésMenuAnswersⅠ.Comprehension2.Anoptimist_______.isalwaysincontrolofhisownlifeoftenoverestimateshisabilitiesmightlivelongerthanapessimistwhensufferingfromcertainillnesssuchascancerencountersdifferentchallengesanddisappointmentsfromapessimist3.Thepessimist________.A.seldomsucceedsinwhathedoesB.attributeshissuccesstoluckC.triesdifferentapproacheswhenhisfirstattemptfailsD.knowshowtotakegoodcareofhimselfAnswersMenu4.TheMetropolitanLifeInsuranceCompanyhired100newemployeesbecause________.theyfailedthestandardindustrytesttheirhighscoresonoptimismimpressedthecompanytheywerenotlikelytobehiredbyothercompaniesthecompanywasimpressedbytheresultofastudydonebysomepsychologistsⅠ.ComprehensionMenuAnswers5.The100newemployees______.sold37%moreinsurancethantheaveragerepresentativessold20%moreinsurancethanthenegativethinkerssold10%moreinsurancethanlongtimerepresentativesprovedthattheycoulddobetteratsellinginsurancethanthecompany’saveragesalesrepresentativeⅠ.ComprehensionAnswersMenu6.AccordingtoSeligman,thesecrettoanoptimist’ssuccesscanbefoundin“hisexplanatorystyle”,bywhichhemeansthattheoptimist________.isabletoexplainmoreclearlytothecustomerssoundsmorepleasantinhisexplanationtriestofindfaultswithotherfactorsotherthaninhimselfforhisfailurehasmoreconfidenceinhimselfthaninothersⅠ.ComprehensionMenuAnswers7.Itcanbeinferredfromthearticlethattheauthorthinksthat_______.peoplewillbeabletopreventdepressionandpainfulshynessiftheylearntothinkmorepositivelybusinesscompaniesmightmakebetterjudgmentiftheytesttheattitudesoftheapplicantsinsteadofgivingthemthestandardindustrytestbeforehiringthemoneismorelikelytosucceedthenexttimeifoneisabletolayblamesonotherswhenonehasfailedone’sbeliefthatonecansucceedwillguaranteehissuccessⅠ.ComprehensionAnswersMenu8.Whetherpositiveornegative,aperson’sattitudetowardslifeisathinkinghabit_______.inheritedfromeitherofhisparentsformedwhenheisveryyoungacquiredafterhehasgainedconsiderableexperiencenevertobegotridofⅠ.ComprehensionMenuAnswers9.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?Mostpeoplecannotbeconvenientlyputunderthecategoryofoptimistorpessimist.Therearemorepositivethinkersamongoptimiststhanamongpessimists.Itisnotsureyetwhetherpsychologicaltreatmentwillhelpcancerpatients.Bylookingintotrainingopportunitiesandcheckingjobleads,apessimistwillbecomeanoptimist.Ⅰ.ComprehensionAnswersMenu10.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthestepsmentionedbytheauthorinformingamorepositiveattitudetowardslife?A.Documentyourgloomythoughts.B.Dosomethingagainstyournegativeinclination.C.Recordwhathappens.D.Findthecausesforyourfailuremoreobjectively.Ⅰ.ComprehensionMenuAnswersⅡ.VocabularyA.IdentifyoneofthefourchoicesA,B,C,orDwhichwouldkeepthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordorphrase.1.Thosewhobelievedtheirreligiousleader’sprophecythattheendoftheworldwouldcomesoonwentintoapanic.announcement B.forecast C.prediction D.declaration2.Itbecameobviouswhentheboyflounderedthroughtherecitationinclasstodaythathehadnottakenthetroubletodohishomework.meditated B.faltered C.contemplated D.staggeredAnswersMenuⅡ.VocabularyA.IdentifyoneofthefourchoicesA,B,C,orDwhichwouldkeepthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordorphrase.3.Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheyshouldavoidusingclichésintheircomposition.A.popularproverbs B.well-knownstoriesC.famousquotations D.triteexpressions4.Afterlisteningtothesameoldmorallessonalltheseyears,thevillagersbecamealmostimmunetoit.A.insensitiveto B.fedupwithC.familiarwith D.accustomedtoMenuAnswersⅡ.VocabularyA.IdentifyoneofthefourchoicesA,B,C,orDwhichwouldkeepthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordorphrase.5.Ican'tclaimcreditforherEnglishproficiency;afterall,sheonlycametomyclassthissemester.askformoney B.expectpaymentC.saythatIdeservepraiseD.declarethatIamgratefulAnswersMenuⅡ.VocabularyA.IdentifyoneofthefourchoicesA,B,C,orDwhichwouldkeepthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordorphrase.6.Believeitornot,thispopularnovelnowyouseeoneveryshelfwascensoredonlyafewyearsago.officiallyexaminedandbanned B.despisedbythegeneralpublicC.soldoutsoonafteritspublication D.condemnedbythecriticsMenuAnswersⅡ.VocabularyA.IdentifyoneofthefourchoicesA,B,C,orDwhichwouldkeepthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordorphrase.7.Thepartyleaderregardstheresultoftheelectionasapersonaltriumph.victory B.celebration C.satisfaction D.propaganda8.Theimmigrationofficerscrutinizedhispassportbeforehewasallowedtoleave.Stamped B.examined C.returned D.issuedAnswersMenuⅡ.VocabularyA.IdentifyoneofthefourchoicesA,B,C,orDwhichwouldkeepthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordorphrase.9.Hesufferedalongperiodofdepressionbeforehisfirstsuicideattempt.Inoculation B.hypertension C.ailments D.dejection10.Hewasneverabletoenjoythemetropolitandelightsofcinemasandtheatres.artistic B.modern C.urban D.variousMenuAnswersⅡ.VocabularyB.Choosethecorrectanswer.Onlyoneansweriscorrect.11.Hequickly_____behindthebuildingtoavoidbeinghurtbythestonesthrowninhisdirection.eluded B.evaded C.escaped D.dodged12.Hisdislikeofthecoursemayprovetobea_____barrierhecannotovercome.Biological B.ideological C.spiritual D.psychologicalAnswersMenuⅡ.VocabularyB.Choosethecorrectanswer.Onlyoneansweriscorrect.13.AstheCupFinalwasdrawingcloser,theinjuryofthebestplayerwasa_____forthewholeteam.misdemeanour B.mistrust C.misfortune D.mischief14.Thebestsolutiontotheproblemcanonlybefoundbyaprocessoftrialand_____.error B.mistake C.success D.experimentMenuAnswersⅡ.VocabularyB.Choosethecorrectanswer.Onlyoneansweriscorrect.15.Hethoughtthathemightbeabletoavoidpayingsomeofhistaxesbytakingadvantageofthe______inthelaw.A.circles B.loopholesC.exceptions D.misunderstanding16.Whenhelivedinthatremoteplace,radiowastheonlymeanshehadtokeep_____ofcurrenteventsinthecountry.account B.trace C.record D.trackMenuAnswersⅡ.VocabularyB.Choosethecorrectanswer.Onlyoneansweriscorrect.17.______whatisgenerallybelieved,theadjustmenttothiskindofworkisquiteeasy.Contraryto B.Contrastwith C.Controversialof D.Contradictoryto18.Theflashingredlightservedasa______ofdangerahead.predictor B.caution C.precaution D.preventionAnswersMenuⅡ.VocabularyB.Choosethecorrectanswer.Onlyoneansweriscorrect.19.Theirconfidenceinhimwasgreatly______byhisprolongedhesitationbeforetakinganyaction.appreciated B.confirmed C.undermined D.cherished20.Yourheadacheislikelyto______ifitsrealcauseisnotidentifiedandpropertreatmentadministeredaccordingly.cure B.recover C.recur D.releaseMenuAnswersⅢ.ClozeReadthepassagethroughandchooseonesuitablewordorphrasemarkedA,B,CorDforeachblankinthepassage."Nooneisfreewhoisaslavetothebody",wroteSemecasome1,900yearsago.1fromtheadvertisements,products,andbestsellersthatdelugeusdaily,weareanationofslaves.Weare2withbeingthin,beautiful,young,andsexy,andwewillgotoextraordinary3toapproachthoseideals.A.judge B.Judging C.Judged D.beingjudgedA.obsessedB.possessed C.absorbed D.occupiedA.troubles B.efforts C.lengths D.extremesAnswersMenuⅢ.CloseInarecentissueofPsychologyToday,weofferedreaderstheopportunitytoexpresstheirthoughtsandfeelingsaboutthe4.Thetopicwastimelyandtheresponse5:morethan62,000readersreturnedthe109-item"Body-Image"questionnaire.Buttheyweredividedand6onthematterof7importantattractivenessandphysicallooksare-orshouldbe.4.A.ideal B.mindC.bodyD.opinionA.overwhelming B.enthusiastic C.controversial D.contradictoryA.ambient B.Ambitious C.Ambiguous D.AmbivalentA.what B.why C.how D.whichMenuAnswersA8numberofpeoplewroteletterstoprotesta"wholesurvey"onthebody.Somesaidthatappearanceisasuperficialmatter,not9unduediscussion.Bycontrast,otherrespondents10,somereluctantly,theimportanceofone'sappearance.Inourstudies,wefoundthatbodyimageisstrongly11self-esteem,thegeneralfeeling12oneiscompetentandconfident.A.good B.many C.lot D.tremendousA.worthy B.unworthy C.worthwhile D.worthyofA.testified B.verified C.confessed D.acknowledgedA.linkedby B.associatedwith C.concernedabout D.relatedto12.A.that B.which C.of D.sinceAnswersMenuPeoplewhoarehappywiththeirbodiesmayactuallybemoreassertiveandlikeablethanthosewhohave13bodyimages.Ortheythinktheyare.Oneyoungmanexplainedthatinthelastyearhisbodyimagehaschangedverymuch14thebetter,asaresultofhispersonaldevelopment:"I'vegonefromconsideringmyselfsomesortofdumb-headto15thatI'mafascinatingindividualnearlyimpossibletodislike…IhavemorefriendsthanIknowwhattodowith."13.A.positive B.negative C.superficial D.satisfactory14.A.to B.for C.tobe D.into15.A.understanding B.believing C.regarding D.rememberingMenuAnswersⅣ.Translation(EnglishtoChinese)Istherea“successpersonality”—somewinningcombinationoftraitsthatleadsalmostinevitablytoachievement?Ifso,exactlywhatisthatsecretsuccessformula,andcananyonecultivateit?AttheGallupOrganizationwerecentlyfocusedindepthonsuccess,probingtheattitudesandtraitsof1500prominentpeopleselectedatrandomfromWho’sWhoinAmerica.AnswersMenuⅣ.Translation(EnglishtoChinese)ThemaincriterionforinclusioninWho’sWhoisnotwealthorsocialposition,butcurrentachievementinagivenfield.Ourresearchpinpointsanumberoftraitsthatrecurregularlyamongtopachievers,amongwhichfiveofthemostimportantare:commonsense,knowingone’sfield,self-reliance,generalintelligence,andabilitytogetthingsdone.Ifyoucultivatethesetraits,chancesareyou’llsucceed.AndyoumightevenfindyourselflistedinWho’sWhosomeday.MenuAnswersⅤ.Translation(ChinesetoEnglish)1.你對他說的話不能為你這種行為辯護。(justify)2.你認為他會因為同主教的私人關系而免受宗教迫害嗎?(immunefrom)3.你對心理醫(yī)生的忠告采取什么態(tài)度會影響到你是否會再做惡夢。(recur)4.樂觀主義者成功的秘訣在于他們是用積極的態(tài)度對待失望和失敗。AnswersMenuⅤ.Translation(ChinesetoEnglish)5.悲觀主義者往往容易失敗，部分原因就是一個人對自己的看法常常是一種能夠自我實現的預言。(inpart)6.在幼兒的性格特征沒有來得及發(fā)展之前，他們的行為不如大多數成年人的行為那樣保持一致(consistent)。一個兒童行為的改變，可能表明他的注意力已因其活動特點的不同而轉變。他的興趣總是集中在手頭的事情上。個性堅強、興趣強烈的人能夠堅持把自己正在做的事進行下去，只有重大的環(huán)境變化才能干擾其行為的方向和目的。MenuAnswersⅥ.WritingTitle:BreakingBadHabitsTimelimit:30minutesWordlimit:120～150wordsAnswersMenuⅠ.SupplementaryReadingⅡ.QuestionsSupplementaryReadingMenuSupplementaryReadingTofeelbetter,youneedtothinkbetter

SayYestoYourself

JosephT.MartoranoandJohnP.KildahlMenuSupplementaryReading[1]It'stheclassicstorywithatwist:atravelingsalesmangetsaflattireonadark,lonelyroadandthendiscovershehasnojack.Heseesalightinafarmhouse.Ashewalkstowardit,hismindchurns:"Supposenoonecomestothedoor.""Supposetheydon'thaveajack.""Supposetheguywon'tlendmehisjackevenifhehasone."Theharderhismindworks,themoreagitatedhebecomes,andwhenthedooropens,hepunchesthefarmerandyells,"Keepyourlousyjack!“MenuSupplementaryReading[2]Thatstorybringsasmile,becauseitpokesfunatacommontypeofself-defeatistthinking.Howoftenhaveyouheardyourselfsay:"NothingevergoesthewayIplanned.""I'llnevermakethatdeadline.""Ialwaysscrewup.“[3]Suchinnerspeechshapesyourlifemorethananyothersingleforce.Likeitornot,youtravelthroughlifewithyourthoughtsasnavigator.1)Ifthosethoughtsspellgloomanddoom,that'swhereyou'reheaded,becauseput-downwordssabotageconfidenceinsteadofofferingsupportandencouragement.MenuSupplementaryReading[4]Simplyput,tofeelbetter,youneedtothinkbetter.Here'show:[5]1.Tuneintoyourthoughts.ThefirstthingSuesaidtohernewtherapistwas,"Iknowyoucan'thelpme,Doctor.I'matotalmess.Ikeeplousingupatwork,andI'msureI'mgoingtobecanned.JustyesterdaymybosstoldmeIwasbeingtransferred.Hecalleditapromotion.ButifIwasdoingagoodjob,whytransferme?"MenuSupplementaryReading[6]Then,gradually,Sue'sstorymovedpasttheput-downs.ShehadreceivedherM.B.A.twoyearsbeforeandwasmakinganexcellentsalary.Thatdidn'tsoundlikefailure.[7]2)Attheendoftheirfirstmeeting,Sue'stherapisttoldhertojotdownherthoughts,particularlyatnightifshewashavingtroublefallingasleep.AthernextappointmentSue'slistincluded:"I'mnotreallysmart.Igotaheadbyflukes.""Tomorrowwillbeadisaster.I'veneverchairedameetingbefore.""Mybosslookedfuriousthismorning.WhatdidIdo?"MenuSupplementaryReading[8]Sheadmitted,"Inonedayalone,Ilisted26negativethoughts.NowonderI'malwaystiredanddepressed."[9]HearingherfearsandforebodingsreadoutloudmadeSuerealizehowmuchenergyshewassquanderingonimaginedcatastrophes.Ifyou'vebeenfeelingdown,itcouldbeyou'resendingyourselfnegativemessagestoo.Listentothewordschurninginsideyourhead.Repeatthemaloudorwritethemdown,ifthatwillhelpcapturethem.MenuSupplementaryReading[10]Withpractice,tuninginwillbecomeautomatic.Asyou'rewalkingordrivingdownthestreet,youcanhearyoursilentbroadcast.Soonyourthoughtswilldoyourbidding,ratherthantheotherwayaround.Andwhenthathappens,yourfeelingsandactionswillchangetoo.[11]2.Isolatedestructivewordsandphrases.Fran'sinnervoicekepttellinghershewas"onl