初中英語(yǔ)-副詞專題

專題五副詞知識(shí)清單要點(diǎn)一副詞的分類及功能 要點(diǎn)三副詞的比較級(jí)要點(diǎn)二副詞的位置 要點(diǎn)四常見(jiàn)副詞的用法及解析要點(diǎn)一副詞的分類及功能.副詞的分類時(shí)間副詞early.時(shí)間副詞有now，then.today.tomorrow.yesterday.before.ago.soon.immediately.lately.early.sometimes.often.always.usually.already.yet等evieT間副詞是確定句子時(shí)態(tài)的重要標(biāo)志，所以一定要牢固掌握不同時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志。地點(diǎn)副詞地點(diǎn)副詞有outsideinsideupstairsheretherehome,nearaway,inback,offup,anywhere等。地點(diǎn)副詞和動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)不加介詞。方式副詞方式副詞有quicklyhappilyloudlysuddenlyluckil，ybadlyeasil，yfastagain^o^式副詞大多有形容詞+ly'構(gòu)成。程度副詞程度副詞有veryquiterathe，rtoqmuch,$。等。有些程度副詞可以修飾形容詞原級(jí)，有些能修飾形容詞比較級(jí)。頻度副詞頻度副詞有sometimesoftenalwaysnever等。頻度副詞一般和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率。疑問(wèn)副詞疑問(wèn)副詞有when,where,why,how,how10nghowsoon,howoftenhowfar等。疑問(wèn)副詞常用來(lái)構(gòu)成特殊疑問(wèn)句。關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞有when,where,why,how等。關(guān)系副詞常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句。其他副詞如luckilyfinal,yperhaps等，用于整個(gè)句子進(jìn)行說(shuō)明。.副詞的語(yǔ)法功能(1)作狀語(yǔ)①修飾動(dòng)詞，如：It’sra迪睡vil天正下著大雨。They'rearmlywelcomedbythestude他們］受到學(xué)生們的熱烈歡迎。②修飾形容詞，如：You’rquiterig|你非常正確。③修飾其他副詞，如：Don’tdritoofa別騎得太快。NeitherTomnorSusancanswimvery湯姆和蘇珊都不太會(huì)游泳。④修飾介詞短語(yǔ)，如： Whereisthebroo掃帚在哪兒？ Justbehindthedo就在門(mén)后。⑤修飾從句，如：ThisisexactlywhatI這正是他所說(shuō)的。⑵作定語(yǔ)。有少數(shù)地點(diǎn)副詞和時(shí)間副詞可以作定語(yǔ)，放在所修飾詞的后面。如：Thecomradeshereareallverykind這的mi志對(duì)我都非常和善。⑶作表語(yǔ)。作表語(yǔ)的副詞多數(shù)是表示位置的。如：in.out.on.back.down.up.off.away.upstairs等，如：Heis_in他在家。Whenwillyoubebad：k?何時(shí)回來(lái)？⑷作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：IsawyououtwithmysisterlastS上周六aS.看見(jiàn)你和我姐姐一起出去了?；?dòng)訓(xùn)練Whenheheardacryforhelp.heranoutasashecould.A.hardlyB.quicklyC.finallyD.slowlyIhaven'tbeentotheGreatWallyet.一Ihaven'tbeen.thereA.tooB.alsoC.eitherD.neitherMissGaoisverypopularwithherstudents.一Yes.Herclassesarelivelyandinteresting.A.seldomB.neverC.sometimesD.alwayshastheforeignteacherbeenShanghai?一Foroneyear.A.HowoftenB.HowsoonC.HowlongD.Howfardoyoutakeexercise?—Threetimesaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.HowmuchDon'tworWyndycanlookafteryourbirdwhenyou'reout.A.care B.careful C.carelessD.carefullyelenwassoexcitedatthenewsthatshecouldsayaword.A.ever B.almost C.hardlyD.alwaysDoyouconsideryouarudeperson?—not.Ialwayshavegoodmanners.A.ProbablyB.UsuallyC.GenerallyD.CertainlyIcanbeanurse.I'mnotaverypatientpersoA.seldomB.ever C.neverD.alwaysWherewouldyouliketogoonyoursummerholiday.Mike?—I'dliketogo.A.somewhereB.anywhereC.everywhereD.nowhere1填空）It'sso相當(dāng)難的一項(xiàng)）job.要點(diǎn)二副詞的位置.地點(diǎn)副詞、時(shí)間副詞和方式副詞一般放在句末。同時(shí)出現(xiàn)時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)，其順序?yàn)榈攸c(diǎn)、時(shí)間。如：Writedownyournamehe把e你的名字寫(xiě)在這里。I'llseehimattheschoolgate明天我將在校門(mén)□見(jiàn)他。.頻度副詞：通常放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前，be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞之后。如：Shealmostforgotaboutthewhole她幾盛忘記了整件事情。Theyarealwayslatefor他^設(shè)總是上學(xué)遲到。注意：ever和never有時(shí)放在助動(dòng)詞前，表強(qiáng)調(diào)。如：Nothingeverhasmadehimang他從未為任何事情生過(guò)氣。.程度副詞：⑴修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，與頻度副詞的位置相似。如：Idon'tquiteagreewit我不碗全同意你的觀點(diǎn)。⑵修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，放在它所修飾的詞前面。如：Heworksalittleharde^tnow在工作更努力了一些。Theroomisbigenoughtoli這個(gè)房間足夠住了。注意：enough作為副詞，修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，應(yīng)置于所修飾的形容詞、副詞的后邊。但作為形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，常放在名詞的前面。如：Idon'thaveenoughmoneytobuythisSh沒(méi)有足夠的錢(qián)來(lái)買(mǎi)這所房子?；?dòng)訓(xùn)練—Hi.Bb!Ican'tfindmyhistorybook.Haveyouseenit?—SorryIhaven't.Whydon'tyouaskJim?Perhapshe'sseenit.A.SomewhereB.everywhereC.nowhereD.anywhereHeatsixeverymorning.A.oftengetupB.oftengetsupC.getsupoftengetsupoften—doyoulikeChinesefood?—Verymuch.A.How B.WhereC.What（填空）Mobilephonesare廣泛）usedinmostofthecitiesinChina.—Idon'tknowsheis.—Hermothersayssheismuchbetterthesedays.A.who B.howC.whatD.whereIcan'tsayIwanttogobacktomyhometcuite時(shí)'fewqyearssinceIwentbacklasttime.A.howmuchB.howlongC.howoftenD.howsoon要點(diǎn)三副詞的比較級(jí)1.副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成與形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成類似，有規(guī)劃變化和不規(guī)則變化。規(guī)則變化請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)形容詞比較級(jí)的變化方法。如：原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)hardharderhardestfastfasterfastestearlyearlierearliest原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)slowlymoreslowlymostslowlyquicklymorequicklymostquicklycarefullymorecarefullymostcarefully原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestlittlelessleast2.副詞比較級(jí)的基本用法⑴原級(jí)用法：as+副詞原級(jí)+as如：Icanrunasquicklyashecan.HespeaksEnglishaswellasaforeigner.⑵比較級(jí)的用法：副詞比較級(jí)+tharffl：Shegotupearliertodaythanyesterday.Icanrunmorequicklythanhe.⑶最高級(jí)的用法：（the）+最高級(jí)+in/o短語(yǔ)。如：Whorunsfastestofthethree?Tomrunsmostquicklyinhisclass.互動(dòng)訓(xùn)練Jackisgoodatdrawing.Ithinknoonedraws.A.betterB.best C.worseD.worstAmongthethreeboys.heworksperhapsthe.A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.mosthardThemorewelookatthepicture..A.thebetterweliked B.thelesswelikeditC.welikeditless D.betteritwelikeBobneverdoeshishomeworkMary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefullyas B.ascarefullyasC.carefullyas D.ascarefulasMysisterisgoodatsports.andshecanjumpthanme.A.highestB.veryhighC.toohighD.muchhigher.Whichdoyoulike.tea.orangeorwater?A.goodB.wellC.bestD.better DidKatedobestinthefinalexam? No.butofallthestudentsshedid.A.themostcarefulB.morecarefulC.mostcarefullyD.morecarefully要點(diǎn)四常見(jiàn)副詞的用法及辨析.very與much表示很“非?！眝ery用于修飾形容詞或副詞，such修飾名詞，但名詞前可以有形容詞作定語(yǔ)。如:It'sverynice.Shesaidshewasmuchbetterthanbefore.IlikeEnglishverymuch..so與such表示如此“書(shū)“么”“么”⑴so修飾形容詞或副詞，such修飾名詞，但名詞前可以有形容詞作定語(yǔ)。如：Ican'tbeheresoearly.I'veneverseensuchfinedrawing⑵so修飾的形容詞后可以有一個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)是so+adj.+a/an+n如：Sheissogoodagirl.=Sheissuchagoodgirl.⑶如果可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前有1^9「￡0堿不可數(shù)名詞前有$口m.litt等表示數(shù)量多少的形容詞時(shí)，用so而不用such攵D：I'mafraidthathe'llforgetitifhemisses.somanylessoMissZhaogotsolittlemoneyamonth.⑷巧記so與much的用法區(qū)別：名詞such形、副$。多多少少還用sotoo.also.either也（不）”too和also用于肯定句中，too常用于口語(yǔ)中，置于句末；also常用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，置于be動(dòng)詞后，行為動(dòng)詞前；eithe用于否定句句尾。如：I'mfine.Wealsohaveelevenplayersinateam.Chinesetake-awayfoodisalsopopular.Wedon'tlikethesame.either.sometime.sometimes.sometimes.sometimeSometime表示將來(lái)或過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)候”；sometime指有時(shí)候”；sometime則指一段時(shí)間”；some打1^$表示倍數(shù)、次數(shù)”。如：Newstudentswillcometoourschoolsometimenextweek.Ittookmesometimetofinishreadingthebook.Sometimes.Iknowwhatshe'sthinking.Ourschoolissometimeslargerthantheirs.這樣巧記sometime.sometime.someti和^sometimes:分開(kāi)是一段“相連為某時(shí)“，分開(kāi)s是倍、次”，相連s是有時(shí)”already.表示已經(jīng)”already表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生；yet用于疑問(wèn)句表示已經(jīng)”，用于否定句表示還沒(méi)有”。如：I'vealreadyfinishedit.Ihavesungalready.Haveyoufoundyourruleryet?Hehasn'tfinishedhisworkyet.例題HollyhasfedthebdOg.shehasn'twateredtheplants.A.Still;alreadyB.already;yetC.yet;stillyet;already解析本體考察副詞的辨析。Stil意為仍舊，還”不合題意，故排除。Already和丫6=表示已經(jīng)”aleady常用于肯定句中，yet常用于否定句中。答案;Bhar和Dhardlyhard用作副詞,意為猛烈地”“苦地”努力地”;用作形容詞，意為困難的”堅(jiān)硬的”;hardly表否定，意為幾乎不”。兩個(gè)詞的意思完全不一樣。如：Hestudieshard.Hehardlystudies.Stoneisveryhard.Shehardlyeverexercise.Thisquestionistoohardforsuchalittleboy.howlong.howsoon.howoften.howfar⑴how10ng意為多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，就“for■時(shí)間段喊“since時(shí)間點(diǎn)”是問(wèn)，對(duì)how10ng引起的問(wèn)句也要用howlong;⑵howsoon意為多久以后”，就“in”起的將來(lái)的時(shí)間提問(wèn)，對(duì)howsoon問(wèn)句也要用“血”引起的表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間回答，howsoon問(wèn)句是將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)；⑶how。計(jì)69意為多久一次”，就頻率提問(wèn)，常用once/twice/threetimesa或ekveryfivedays等短語(yǔ)回答；⑷how￡@「意為多遠(yuǎn)，就距離提問(wèn)。muchtoo和toomuch⑴muchtoo修飾形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)，意為非常，極其”中心詞是too;⑵too1^^意為太多”，非常”中心詞是much，常用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞，也可以單獨(dú)使用，作賓語(yǔ)或修飾動(dòng)詞。如：Itismuchtoocoldtoday.Tomlikesfootballtoomuch.Don'teattoomuch.Theirsistoomuchiceontheroad.andyoumustbecareful.互動(dòng)訓(xùn)練Ilikelivinghere.A.quitemuchB.evenmuchC.verymuchD.suchmuchHaveyoueverseenbigpandabefore.

A.asuchB.suchaC.soaD.asoA.asuchB.suchaC.soaD.asoCanyouimaginethatlittleantscancarrymanybigworms?A.so;soB.such;suchC.such.soD.so;muchIt’salmostimpossibleforfewpeopletodomuchworkinashorttime.A.so;so;asB.so;so;suchC.such;such;such).such;such;soWearrivedlatethatthattherewerenoseatsleft.A. much B.too C. so D.veryLucydoesn'tlikecottonblouse.Lilydoesn'tA. either B.too C. neither D.alsoHesaidhewouldcometoseeusthenextafternoon.A. sometime B.some time C. sometimes D.some times Havetheseworkersfinisheddoingtheirwork? No.not.A.already;yetB.yet;yetC.yet;alreadyD.already;alreadyTomddn'tknowanythingaboutthepaperbecausehegotanytimetoreaditatthattime.A.hard B.hardly C.almost D.nearly Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday? Itwasterrible.Itrainedsothatpeoplecouldgoout.A.hardly;hardB.hardly;hardlyC.hard;hardlyD.hard;hard Canyouunderstandme?—Sorry.Icanunderstandwhatyou'vesaid.A.nearlyB.easilyC.hardlyD.exactly doyouwritetoyourfriend? Onceaweek.A.HowmanyB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howfar. isitformourschooltoLugouBridge?---Abouthalfanhour'sbusride.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.HowmuchIdon'tthinkthisshirtfitsher.It'ssmallforher.A.muchtooB.verymuchC.toomuchD.somuchHeeatsfood.soheisfat.A.muchtoo;toomuch B.muchtoo;toomanyC.toomuch;muchtoo D.toomuch;manytoo方法清單方法一在具體語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中辨析副詞的具體含義方法二正確使用副詞的比較級(jí)方法三注意下列詞不同含義方法一在具體語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中辨析副詞的具體含義明確副詞與形容詞的區(qū)別及轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律，在解答試題時(shí)要根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境辨析所給選項(xiàng)例題1TheInternetisveryusefulforus.Wecanfindinformation.A.easyB.easilyC.hardD.hardly解析句意：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)我們非常有用。我們可以容易地找到信息。空格處所需詞是修飾動(dòng)詞find的，所以要用副詞。A為形容詞，被排除；B為容易地”；C為辛苦地”；D為幾乎不”，根據(jù)句意選擇B。答案B例題2Theinstructioonmedicinearenecessaryforthesick.Theyexplainwhetherthemedicineisoutofdate.A.clear;clearlyB.clearly;cleaC.clearly;clearly解析句意：對(duì)于病人來(lái)說(shuō)，關(guān)于藥的清楚的說(shuō)明是必要的。這些說(shuō)明能夠清楚地解釋藥物是否過(guò)期。本題考查形容詞和副詞辨析。Clear形容詞，修飾名詞；clearl是副詞，修飾動(dòng)聞答案AHowthemusicwas!HeplayedthepianoA.wonderful;wonderfulB.wonderfully;wonderfullyC..wonderful;wonderfulDywonderfully;wonderfulMrsSmithhasacutebaby.Itoftensmilesatpeople.A.friendlyB.lovelyC.happilyD.livelySomeanimalscanevenseethingsinthepark.A.badB.badlyC.clearD.clearly方法二正確運(yùn)用副詞的比較級(jí)根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境及題目中一些標(biāo)志詞判斷是用副詞的原級(jí)、比較級(jí)還是最高級(jí)，尤其注意副詞原級(jí)與比較級(jí)修飾詞的區(qū)別。例題1LiLeididquiteintheenglishcompetition.Idideven.A.better;wellB.good;betteC.well;betterD.well;good解析此題考查的副詞的原級(jí)和比較級(jí)。第一句李雷在英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽中表現(xiàn)得相當(dāng)好”，用副詞well修飾動(dòng)詞did（形容詞good不能修飾動(dòng)詞）。第二句我表現(xiàn)得更好”，用well的比較級(jí)匕6廿6來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞did答案C例2 DidKatedobestinthefinalexam? No.butofallthestudentsshedid.A.themostcarefulB.morecaiC.fuil.ostcarefullyD.morecarefully解析句意：----Kat在期末考試中考的好嗎？---不是，可她在所有學(xué)生中做的最認(rèn)真。本題考查副詞最高級(jí)用法。從ofallthestud可推知設(shè)空處用最高級(jí)，故排除B和D;又由設(shè)空前的did為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，要用副詞來(lái)修飾，故選C項(xiàng)。答案C注意①veryquitetoo修飾形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)。②much,even,far修飾形容詞副詞的比較級(jí)，verymuch修飾動(dòng)詞。③alittle.alot.abW以修飾形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)或比較級(jí)，表示說(shuō)明的程度。Theyouworkatyourlessons.theresultsyouwillget.A.hard;goodB.harder;goodC.hard;betterD.harder;betterWholistens.Tom.JackorBill?A.themostcarefully.morecarefullyC.themostcarefulD.