高職英語情景交際專題

..高職英語情景交際專題1、語言必須放在實(shí)際的并盡可能不同的情景中運(yùn)用。2、語言必須適合具體的交際行為。3、考核的焦點(diǎn)在于是否達(dá)到交際的目的。4、語言交際行為除了需要語言能力外,還需要文化等其他的能力。高考對(duì)英語的交際性和實(shí)用性的考查,不僅體現(xiàn)在對(duì)交際用語文化的考查,還體現(xiàn)在運(yùn)用交際功能考查其他基礎(chǔ)語法點(diǎn)上?！惨桓呖紝?duì)英語交際用語考查的內(nèi)容與趨勢:一、直接考查考生掌握英語交際固定的表達(dá)方式和習(xí)慣說法的情況。1.---Hello!MayIspeaktoZhaoHua?—Yes,____.A.MynameisZhaoHuaB.I'mZhaoHuaC.ThisisZhaoHuaspeakingD.ZhaoHuaisme2.—Doyoumindmytakingthisseat？—____.A.Yes,sitdownpleaseB.No,ofcoursenotC.Yes,takeitpleaseD.No,youcan'ttakeit3.—Haveaniceweekend！—____.A.ThesametoyouB.YoudotooC.ThesameasyouD.Youhaveittoo二、考查考生掌握英美人的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,特別是中西文化差異的情況。4.—Youhavedonetheworkverywell．—____.A.GreatB.ThanksC.Oh,noD.Notatall5.---Thankyouverymuchforyourhelp.----______.A.Nothanks.B.Don’tthankmeC.Youaretookind.D.You’rewelcome.三、考查考生根據(jù)所提供的情景和實(shí)際情況,應(yīng)用語言知識(shí)進(jìn)行合情合理應(yīng)答的能力。6.—Heisnotafriendofyours,ishe？—____.Ihaveneverseenhimbefore.A.No,heisn'tB.No,heisC.Yes,heisD.Yes,heisn't7.—Sorry,Iforgottoposttheletterforyou.—Nevermind,____itmyselftonight.A.I'mgoingtopostB.I'dbetterpostC.I'llpostD.I'dratherpost四、考查考生準(zhǔn)確理解短語用法和句子含義的能力?！策@是近年來考查交際用語的新趨勢。8.—HowdoyoulikeyourEnglishteacher？—____.A.Yes,IlikehimverymuchB.No,Idon'tlikehimC.IlikehimD.Heisverykind9.—____？---Sheisslimpretty.A.What'sthegirllikeB.HowdoyoulikethegirlC.WhatdoesthegirllikeD.Howdoyoulikeaboutthegirl10.---Howoftendoyoueatout?---________,butusuallyonceaweek.A.HavenoideaB.ItdependsC.AsusualD.Generallyspeaking11.---Will$200_____?---I'mafraidnot.Weneedatleast50moredollars.A.countB.satisfyC.fitD.do五、考查語法與句型等。<以下是考查的常見的語法句型><A>特殊疑問句----特殊疑問句的答語通常針對(duì)特殊疑問詞作出具體的回答。<不要答非所問.>12.---Whydon'tyoutraveltoNewYorkonvacation?---________.A.Idon'twanttogoB.Excuseme,becauseIcan'tC.IwanttobutIhaven'tgotenoughmoneyD.BecauseI'mgoingtoschooltoday13.----Whatsubjectsareyoustudying?---________.A.Yes,I'mstudyhistory.B.I'mstudyingnowC.I'mstudyingphilosophy.D.I'mdoingmyhomework14.---Whichlanguagedoyouspeakathome?---________.A.IspeakEnglishverywellB.IcanspeakEnglishandFrenchC.EnglishismymothertongueD.English,mostofthetime15.----WhendoesthenextbusleaveforGlasgow?---________.A.I'veneverbeenthereB.ThenextoneisfasterC.TheyleaveeveryhourD.Thecityisfaraway16.----Excuseme,howfaristheairportfromhere?---________.A.YoucantakeataxiB.It'saboutthirtymilesC.I'llflytoSidney.D.It'sonlysixhundreddollars17.---Canyoutellmehowmucharadiolikethiscosts?---________.A.I'dliketobuyit.B.It'sofverygoodqualityC.Abouteighty-fivedollarsD.Itdependsonhowyoulikeit18.---Doyoumindtellingmewhereyouarefrom?---________.A.Certainly,I'mfromLondon.B.Sure,IwasborninLondonC.Notreally,youcandoitD.Certainlynot.I'mfromLondon19.---Howoftendoyouhavelisteningclassesinaweek?---________.A.ListeningclassesaredifficultB.LastweekandtheweekbeforeC.Theyhavenolisteningclasses.D.EveryMondayandFriday20.---Thatmanaloneoverthere.Whoishe?---_________.A.HeisastudentB.HeisDoctorTookC.Adriver,IsupposeD.He'sdrunk<B>反意疑問句:陳述句/祈使句+簡短的一般疑問句<前肯定,后否定;或:前否定后肯定>。反意問句的答語應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況<上下文提供的情景>確定:內(nèi)容是肯定的,就用"Yes,+肯定"結(jié)構(gòu)回答;內(nèi)容是否定的,則用"No,+否定"結(jié)構(gòu)回答.當(dāng)前面句子為否定時(shí),尤要特別小心,不要搞錯(cuò)。如:---Itdidn'trainyesterday,didit?----昨天沒有下雨,對(duì)嗎?---Yes,itdid.---不,下雨了.----No,itdidn't.---對(duì),沒有下21.---Youarenotthemanagerhere,areyou?---________.A.Yes,I'mnot.B.No,IamC.Yes,IamD.No,notatall22.---Suelooksgoodinthatnewdress,doesn'tshe?---________.A.Yes,sheisB.No,sheisn'tC.Yes,shedoesD.No,shedidn't23.---Joewillcometotheparty,won'the?---________.A.Oh,yes.Iforget.B.It'sat8o'clockC.Yes,he'sbringinghiscousin,SandyD.Yes,it'saniceparty<C>選擇疑問句:選擇疑問句是問話者提供兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上答案供對(duì)方選擇回答的問句,答語應(yīng)作出一個(gè)明確的選擇<也可全部肯定或否定>。不能使用Yes/No回答。24.---Whatwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?---________.A.Yes,IwouldB.Coffee,please.C.Yes,pleaseD.It'sverynice25.---DidyoutraveltoXi'anbytrainorbyplane?---________.A.Itispossibletravelbyplane.B.ItraveleitherbytrainorbyplanesC.Itraveledbytrain.D.Iflewthere<D>一般疑問句:一般疑問句通常用yes和no來回答,時(shí)態(tài)人稱要一致.注意口語化的回答。26.---HaveyouevenbeentoTokyo?---________.A.No,Ididn'tgotherelastyearB.No,butIhopetogotherenextyearC.Tokyoisabusycity.D.Yes,Iwilldoitnexttime27.---Arethereanydrug-storesaroundhere?---________.A.Yes,thereisoneontheleftcornerB.Yes,itisC.No,itisn'tD.Oh,youmusthaveacold.28.---Doyouthinktheexamwillbeputoff?---________.A.Notgoodnews.B.TheexamisdifficultC.NotlikelyD.Itwasputoffyesterday<E>省略倒裝句:省略倒裝句的對(duì)話首句是肯定句時(shí),用"So+助動(dòng)詞+主語"或"Metoo.";首句是否定句時(shí)用"Neither+助動(dòng)詞+主語"或"Meneither".Soitiswithsb.<某人的情況也是如此>29.---IthinktheInternetisveryuseful.---________.A.SodoIB.That'saverygoodideaC.NeitherdoID.Idorathergosurfingonit30.---Idon'tlikethesportsprogramsonSundays.---________.A.SodoIB.NeitherdoIC.SoamID.NeitheramI31.---IhavebeentotheGreatWall.---________.A.NeitherhaveIB.SodoIC.NeitherdoID.SohaveI32.---Ihaven'tseenBellyfortenyears.---________.A.NeitherhaveIB.NeitherdidIC.MetooD.Meneither<F>情態(tài)動(dòng)詞MUST:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的否定回答,表示不必時(shí)用"No,…needn't/don’thaveto";肯定回答,用"Yes,…must."33.---Mustwehandinourhomeworknow?---________.A.Yes,youwillB.Yes,youmustn'tC.No,youneedn'tD.No,youmustn't34.---MustIdothewashing-uptonight?----________.A.No,youmustn'tifyoudon'twant.B.LeaveitifyouareexhaustedC.Washing-upisreallyexhaustingD.Washing-upreallytakesuptime<G>祈使句的答語:常見的有:Iwill.Thanks.Iwon’t.Certainly.Ofcourse.35.---Dobecarefulnexttime.---_________.A.IdoB.IcanC.IwillD.Iam.1----5CBABD6----10ACDAB11---15DCCDC16----20BCDDB21—25CCCBC26----30BACAB31—35DDCBC英語復(fù)習(xí)之交際用語〔二高考英語交際用語考點(diǎn):交際最基本的要求是：委婉、有禮、得體、連貫、符合文化習(xí)慣。<選擇答案的依據(jù)所在>高考對(duì)日常用語的考查涉及《高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》所列舉的全部41項(xiàng)內(nèi)容,部分語法知識(shí)以及一些常識(shí)性的文化知識(shí)?？梢哉f,內(nèi)容非常廣泛。下文將列舉的是考試常見的交際用語考點(diǎn)。中西文化對(duì)比在日常交談中,英國人彼此見面常常喜歡以"Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.Hello/Hi."打招呼；并且喜歡以談?wù)撎鞖?lt;Niceday,isn’tit?>作為交談的開始；美國人見面常常問身體等；而中國人卻常問"吃過飯了嗎?"基本用語a.見面問候：Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.Hello/Hi.b.代向某人問候：Bestwishes/regardsto...=giveone'sregardstosb=giveone'sbestwishestosb=giveone'sbestlovetosb=giveone'sbestregardstosb.c.替某人向……問好:say"Hi"/"Hello"tosbfromsb=giveone'sregardstosb.Pleaseremembermeto....回答用語:----Iwill.Thanks.d.Howdoyoudo?<初次見面通常用語>---Howdoyoudo?Howareyou?<比較熟悉的人之間用語>---Fine,thankyou,andyou?/Verywell,thankyou.Howareyougettingalongwith...?<你近來...可好?>--Everyisfine!Howareyoudoing?<您工作還順利吧?>---I'mjustgreat!Howiseverything?<一切還好吧?>---Very<quite>well,thankyou!Howisyourvacation/holiday<s>/ChristmasDay/weekend?<假期怎么樣?>---Notbad!What'sup?<近來可忙?>---Couldn'tbebetter,thankyou!What'sgoingon?<近來可好?>---Justsoso.〔一般;還可以注意要點(diǎn)1."Hello"既可用于問候,有時(shí)也用于引起對(duì)方注意,打或叫人,多在熟人之間使用,而"Hi"的用法比"Hello"更隨便,口語中多見。2.Hello！和Hi！是互相熟悉的人之間的招呼語,比較隨便,一天中任何時(shí)候都可以用。有時(shí),后面還可加上對(duì)方的名字,以示親熱。Goodevening!一般用于晚上<通常是九點(diǎn)以前>.需要注意的是,不可用Goodday來打招呼。Goodmorning！省略good時(shí),也可用來打招呼,但一般用于比較熟悉的人之間。3."Howareyou?"則用于詢問對(duì)方身體情況答語可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況,如："Fine/Verywell,thankyou."注意:<very>good不能用來表示身體健康.假如身體確實(shí)不太舒服并想讓對(duì)方知道,不妨說Nottoowell,I'mafraid.4.對(duì)于不認(rèn)識(shí)的人,想要他/她停下的說法：Hey,Sir/Madam!Justamoment,Sir/Madam.5.與英美人見面寒暄時(shí),不應(yīng)問及他<她>的年齡、婚否、收入等個(gè)人隱私情況?！锝榻B基本用語a.ThisisMr/Mrs/Miss/Ms/Comrade....MayIintroduceyouto...?I’dlikeyoutomeet....b.Howdoyoudo?Nice/Glad/Pleasedtosee/meetyou.Nicemeetingyou…c.Mynameis....I’ma<student/teacher,etc.>.MayIknowyourname?Margaret,canyouintroducemetoher?Letmeintroduceyoutoothers.MeetmysisterCathy.Bill,thisisTom.Hi,I'mSusan,thisismycallingcard.注意要點(diǎn)"Nicetomeetyou."與"Nicetoseeyou."有一點(diǎn)區(qū)別。前者的意思是初次見面〔認(rèn)識(shí)你很高興被人介紹相識(shí)后的寒暄用語。后者與前者在意思上相同,但是用于熟人之間〔一段時(shí)間未見面后再次相遇兩者回答用語與問候語相同。Nicetomeetyou.主要表示初次見面時(shí)的問候,而Nicemeetingyou.則是初次見面分手時(shí)的用語。告別中西文化對(duì)比有聚總有散！客人要走,中國人常常會(huì)極力留客;留不住,也會(huì)送客很遠(yuǎn)很遠(yuǎn);嘴里說:"慢走!"客人要走,英美人決不留客,通常一句"Good-bye!"了事,出門一概不理!對(duì)于客人的到訪,時(shí)常還要表示感謝:Thankyouforcoming.基本用語1.直接的告別話語有：Goodbye!<Byebye!Bye!>Seeyou<tomorrow>!Seeyoulater!Solong!Farewell!Goodnight.2.委婉的告別辭有：I'dliketosaygoodbyetoeveryone.I'mcallingtosaygoodbye.I’mafraidImustbeleaving/offnow.Ithinkit’stimeforustoleavenow.3.其他帶有祝愿以及叮囑等的告別辭有：I'lllookforwardtoseeingyousoon.Let'shopewe’llmeetagain.Hopetoseeyouagain.Dropinanytimeyoulike.注意要點(diǎn)a.Goodnight./Night!只限于晚上告別或上床睡覺時(shí)使用。b.Haveaniceday！限于白天告別時(shí)用<如早餐后家人互相道別>。c.告別前通常要說一兩句客套話,如：I'mafraidImustbeoff<going>now.長久告別時(shí),還可同時(shí)表達(dá)希望今后多聯(lián)系<Keep/Getintouch>,要對(duì)方保重身體<Takecare>,問候?qū)Ψ郊胰?lt;Pleasesendmybestwishes/regardstoyourfamily.>等。1.---Hello,Sally.How'severything?---__________.A.GoodforyouB.Oh,IagreeC.That'srightD.Justsoso2.---Howarethingswithyou,Bill?---__________.A.Hello,sureB.IamterriblybusythesedaysC.MindyouownbusinessD.Seeyoulater3.---Goodnightandthanksagain.---__________.A.Youcan'tsaythatB.Oh,no.It'swhatIcandoC.Howcanyouseethat.D.Goodnight.4.---Well,it'sgettinglate.Imustbegoing.Thankyouagainforinvitingmetotheparty?---___.A.Oh,it'ssolateB.ThankyouforcomingC.Oh,sosoonD.Ireallyhadahappytime.5.---Mrs.Johnson,I'vecometosaygood-bye.---__________.A.SeeyounexttimeB.Haveapleasantjourney.IwillmissyouC.That'sOKD.Thankyouforsayingthat.6.----It’sgettinglate.I'mafraidImustbegoingnow.----OK.______.A.TakeiteasyB.GoslowlyC.StaylongerD.Seeyou7.---Letmeintroducemyself.I’mAlbert.----______________.A.WhatapleasureB.It’smypleasureC.PleasedtomeetyouD.I’mverypleased8.Jane:Tom,letmeintroduceyoutoLucy.Tom:______.Lucy:Hi,I’mLucyLee.A.What’syourname?B.Hello.C.Nicetoseeyou.D.Sorry,notrightnow.二、邀請(qǐng)〔約會(huì)中西文化對(duì)比西方人在發(fā)出"邀請(qǐng)"前常有一個(gè)引子,尤其在客氣的場合,如可先這樣問一下對(duì)方是否有空：Areyoufreethisevening?而Wouldyouliketo...和I'dliketoinviteyouto...的句式較為客氣,帶有商量、詢問的口氣,多用于不知對(duì)方能否接受邀請(qǐng)的場合。a.接受他人邀請(qǐng)時(shí)通常還要表示一下感謝。常用:Yes,I’dloveto.Yes,it’sverykind/niceofyou;Yes,withpleasure.b.如果是稍有保留地接受,可這樣說：IwillifIcan.It'sverykindofyoutoinviteme,butI'mnotsureifIcancome.c.拒絕他人的邀請(qǐng)一般不直接說No,而要婉言謝絕〔通常會(huì)說明理由,并要聲明自己是愿意接受"邀請(qǐng)"的,但因某種原因不能接受,并表示歉意或感謝。常用：I’dliketo,butI’mtoobusy./I’msorryIcan’t,but…Ireallyenjoyit,butI’vegottogonow.IwishIcouldacceptyourinvitation,butI’mafraidIdon’thavetimetogo.Thankyouforyourkindness,butI’vegotanappointmentatthattime.基本用語a.Will/Would/Can/Couldyoucometo...?Wouldyouliketo…I'dliketoinviteyouto...&b.Yes,I'dlove/beglad/happyto<...>.Yes,I'dliketo./I'llbegladto.Ofcourse.I'llbegladto.Ohyes,thankyou.Yes,it'sverykind/niceofyou.OK.Thankyouverymuch.Yes,great.Sure,whynot?Sure.That'sagoodidea.Yes,withpleasure.c.I'dloveto,but....I'msorry,butIcan't.★約會(huì):基本用語a.Areyou/Willyoubefreethisafternoon/tomorrow?Howabouttomorrowmorning/afternoon/evening?Shallwemeetat4:30at...?b.Yes,that’sallright.Yes,I’llbefreethen.c.No,Iwon’tbefreethen.ButI’llbefree....d.Allright.Seeyouthen.交際例句1.--AreyoufreenextWednesdayevening?Iwanttogotothecinemawithyou?--Yes,I'dliketo.2.--Whenshallwemeet,todayortomorrow?--Idon'tmind.EithertimeisOK.3.--Areyoufreelatertoday?--Sorry,I'mfreeeverydayexcepttoday.4.--Areyoufreethisafternoon?--Ohno.Willthiseveningbeallright?5.--Wouldyouliketojoinus?<喜歡和我們一起嗎?>Shallwedance?<我們可以跳個(gè)舞嗎?>1.---Wouldyouliketohaveadinnerwithusthisevening?---________.A.OK,butIhavetogotoameetingnowB.No,Ican'tC.Sorry,Iwillgotoairportthisevening.D.Idon'tknow2.---Wearegoingtohaveadancingpartytonight.Wouldyouliketojoinus?---________.A.Yes,it'sverykindofyouB.Ofcoursenot.IhavenoideaC.No,Ican'tD.That'sallright.3.---Canyoucomeoverfordinnerwithus?---________.A.I'dloveto,butIhaveameetingtonightB.Itdoesn'tmatterC.No,Idon'tlikeD.Oh,thatsoundswell4.---Ihavegottwoticketsforthematch.Shallwegoandwatchittogether?---________.A.Theticketsmustbeexpensive.B.ThematchmustbeexcitingC.Whynot?Let'sgoD.Theplaceistoofaraway5.---IhaveanappointmentwithDr.Johnson.---________.A.TheappointmentisputoffB.YoulooksickandweakC.Pleasewaitforaminute.Heisbusynow.D.TellmeyourIDnumber6.----Let’sgotoamovieafterwork,OK?----______.A.Notatall. B.Whynot? C.Nevermind. D.Whatofit?三、感謝和應(yīng)答:中西文化對(duì)比1.在英語文化中人們常常通過贊揚(yáng)來鼓勵(lì)某些合乎自己心意的行為,像Youdidagoodjob!Welldone,everyone.Youlooknice.That'sabeautifulshirtyou'rewearing.Youareveryclever.而對(duì)他人的贊美,最普通、常用的答語是"Thankyou."而在中國的文化中,人們面對(duì)夸獎(jiǎng),常說"您過獎(jiǎng)了"、"哪里,哪里。"〔"Where,where?"以表示謙遜。2.英國人收到禮物時(shí),通常都會(huì)當(dāng)著送禮人的面打開禮物,同時(shí)會(huì)說一些喜歡或贊美的話以表示謝意,送禮人此時(shí)常常附和說:"I'mgladyoulikeit."而中國人往往說一些謙讓的話"您太客氣了。""您這樣做太破費(fèi)了。"等。若用此表達(dá)方式對(duì)待英國人,對(duì)方肯定會(huì)覺得你不喜歡或?qū)λ亩Y物不屑一顧。3.在西方,別人給你做事、幫忙,別人向你問候或祝賀,別人給你鼓勵(lì)或贊揚(yáng)時(shí),不能直接說No,而應(yīng)該說Thankyou。4.當(dāng)別人問你要不要喝茶或吃點(diǎn)什么東西時(shí),你若要喝或吃應(yīng)說Yes,please,若你不想吃或喝應(yīng)說No,thankyou．或No,thanks．5.沒得到或不需要對(duì)方的幫助可以說:Thankyouall/justthesame.Thankyouanyway?；居谜Za.Thankyou<verymuch>./Thanks<alot>./Manythanks./Thanksfor....It'sverykindofyouto….b.Notatall./That'sallright./You'rewelcome./That'sOK．/It'sapleasure/<It's>Mypleasure。Don'tmentionit.I'mgladyoulikeit.It'sreallynothingatall.★祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答:中西文化對(duì)比A.對(duì)于他人的祝愿、祝賀,英美人表示感謝<Thanks>。B.和大家同慶同歡樂,回答用:Thesametoyou/You,too.C.I’mgladtohearthat.用于向?qū)Ψ街鲃?dòng)告知的喜事表示祝賀或"附和".D.西方人喜歡收到禮物時(shí)當(dāng)場打開并大加贊賞說：Wonderful！/Beautiful！/Whatanicepresent!/Howniceagift！并表示感謝!E.允許去玩樂說:Haveanice/good/pleasant/wonderfultime./Havefun!玩得開心點(diǎn)!盡情去玩吧!F.為人送行用:Haveagoodtrip./Haveapleasantjourney./Goodluckwithyourtrip!Goodtriptoyou!Nicejourneytoyou!祝旅途愉快！祝一路順風(fēng)！基本用語1.Bestwishestoyou!Iwishyougoodhealth.Goodluckandsuccesstoyou!Wishyousuccess!Mayyousuccess/succeed!2.MerryChristmas!Happybirthdaytoyou!/HappyNewYear!3.Congratulations<on…>!Welldone!Goodluckwith…/Goodlucktoyou!4.Enjoyyourvacation!EnjoyyourstayinChina.1.---ShallIgiveyouarideasyoulivesofaraway?---Thankyou._________.A.Itcouldn’tbebetterB.OfcourseyoucanC.IfyoulikeD.It’suptoyou2.----CanIhelpyouwithyourhomework?----No,Icanmanageitmyself._____.A.Thankyouanyway.B.ManythanksC.I’msorry.D.Youareverykind.3.---Ihadareallygoodweekendatmyuncle's.---___.A.Oh,thatveryniceofyouB.CongratulationsC.It’sapleasureD.Oh,I’mgladtohearthat4.---Thesearecertainlybeautifulflowers.Thankyousomuch.---__________.A.No,no.It'snothingB.YouarewelcomeC.Yes,IagreeD.Yes,Ithinksotoo.5.---Iwasworriedaboutchemistry,butMr.BrowngavemeanA!---__________.A.Don'tworryaboutitB.Congratulations!That'sadifficultcourseC.Mr.BrownisverygoodD.Goodlucktoyou6.---Congratulations!Youwonthefirstprizeintoday'sspeechcontest.---__________.A.Yes,IbeattheothersB.No,no.Ididn'tdoitwellC.ThankyouD.It'sapleasure7.---Welldone.Congratulationsonyoursuccess.---__________.A.ThankyouverymuchB.Oh,no,noC.No,Ididn'tdoverywellD.Sorry,Icouldn'tbeanybetter8.---Youhavelovelychildren.---__________.A.No,no,theyarenot.B.Oh,no,noC.YouaretalkingtoomuchD.Thanks9.---Thankyoueversomuchforthebookyousentme.---___.A.No,thanksB.I’mgladyoulikeitC.Please,don’tsaysoD.No,it’snotsogood10.--Don'tforgettophonemewhenyougethome.Justtoletmeknowyou'vearrivedsafely.--Iwon'tforget.Good-byethen.--____A.WithpleasureB.HaveanicetripC.Don'tmentionitD.It'sverykindofyou11.---I’llgotoMike’sbirthdayparty,Dad.---________.A.HavefunB.GoodideaC.Itdoesn’tmatterD.Beaman.12.-----Hi,haven’tseenyourforages!Youlookfine!-----_______.Youlookwell,too.A.GreatB.ThanksC.Oh,noD.Notatall.13.---It’sbeenawonderfulevening.Thankyouverymuch.---_____.A.MypleasureB.I’mgladtohearthatC.No,thanksD.It’sOK14.----Mike,ourteamwillplayagainstthatofClassOnethisweekend.I'msurewewillwin.----______!A.CongratulationsB.CheersC.BestwishesD.Goodluck15.Sara：Goodevening,Mick.I'msogladyoucouldcome.Mick：_______,Sara.Sara：Pleasecomeinandtakeaseat.Mick：______.Happybirthdaytoyou,Sara.Thisisforyou.Sara：Agiftforme?Mick：Sure.Congratulationsonthishappyday.Sara：_______.<Openthegift>Oh,it'slovelyandverybeautiful.Mick：________.16.LiGang：Hello,Sam.HappyChristmasandNewYear!Sam：____________.LiGang：Wishyoueverysuccessinthecomingyear.Sam：____________.LiGang：MayNewYearbringyourfamilyhappinessandgoodhealth.Sam：________yourbestwishes.LiGang：Whatawonderfulsnow!Sam：Yes.Infact,thisisthefirstwhiteChristmasinmylife.四、道歉、遺憾和應(yīng)答<責(zé)備和抱怨;提醒>中西文化對(duì)比中國人喜歡反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的謙意,并喜歡用"非常抱歉"、"深表歉意"等表示程度傾向的語句,而英美人士則不同,對(duì)于因客觀原因而造成的過失或差錯(cuò),不必主動(dòng)工過分向?qū)Ψ奖硎厩敢?。如一定要向?qū)Ψ降狼?說聲sorry即可,一般不用very,terribly,truly等表示程度的詞。因?yàn)樵诿绹?過分的道歉或自責(zé)反而顯得不太誠懇,令人感到虛假或另有用心。對(duì)于不能去做或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的不幸的事情,西方人表示遺憾說:Whatapity/shame!表示同情說:I'msorrytohearthat.Badluck!基本用語1.<I'm>Sorry./I'msorryfor/about…/I'msorrytodosth./I'msorrytohavedonesth…2.Excuse/Pardonme<for…>3.Pleaseforgivemefor...<請(qǐng)?jiān)彙?gt;4.sb.beafraidthat…5.Whatapity/shame!/It'sapitythat…A.Itisnotimportant.That'sOK.That'sallright.It'squiteallright.Nevermind.Itdoesn'tmatter<atall>.Notatall.It'snothing./That'snothing.<沒關(guān)系>Pleasedon'tworry.It'snothingtoworryabout.Nottoworry.Don'tmentionit.Itdoesn'treallymatter.Pleasethinknothingofit.Let'sforgetit./Noharmdone.B.That'snotyourfault.It'snotyourfault.Itwasmetoblame.<這是我的錯(cuò)>Itwasallmyfaulttohavedone...<這都是我的錯(cuò)…>That'sokay.Don'tletitbotheryou.<沒事,別想的太多了>Wereallydidn'tmeanthatatall.<我們真的沒有那樣的意思>注意要點(diǎn)Excuseme通常用于下列情形：需要打斷別人談話或工作時(shí)；有求于他人時(shí)；因故需要暫時(shí)離開時(shí)；就某事表示不同意見時(shí)；自己的言行將會(huì)影響他人時(shí)。〔即：說或做可能令人不悅的事情之前使用以引起別人注意。注意:打擾別人,意為"勞駕"；請(qǐng)求別人讓路；向別人問路,打聽消息,意為"對(duì)不起,請(qǐng)問…"?；卮饡r(shí)說:"Yes?"；Sorry用于說話人做了錯(cuò)事或無意中與別人發(fā)生沖撞時(shí)于事后向他人表示歉意；也可表示因不能滿足他人要求或請(qǐng)求而表示歉意。"Ibegyourpardon."用來表示聽話人未能聽清楚他人所說的話,而希望說話人重復(fù)所說的話時(shí)的禮貌用法,"沒聽清話語,而要麻煩再說一遍."。I’msorrytohearit/that.則是對(duì)說話者本人或近親屬已經(jīng)發(fā)生的不幸,進(jìn)行安慰?！镓?zé)備和抱怨中西文化差異西方人說話比較直率。對(duì)于別人的打擾,自己受到的不公平待遇會(huì)以"提醒"、"明確表示"等方式說出來,但是不會(huì)不留面子。一般對(duì)責(zé)備與抱怨,人們通常的反應(yīng)是表示抱歉<I’msorry>與愿意接受?；居谜ZA.英語中責(zé)備與抱怨的話通常有：Whatonearthisthematterhere?<到底發(fā)生了什么事?>I'mafraidIhaveacomplainttomakeabouttheservice.<我對(duì)你們的服務(wù)有意見。>Yououghttobeashamedofwhatyou'vedoneonme.<你應(yīng)為你對(duì)我所做的事感到羞愧。>Whyonearthdidyousaysuchasillythingtome?<你對(duì)我說這種蠢話究竟是什么意思?>Yououghttobecarefulenoughnexttime.<你下次再不能這樣粗心了。>It'snoniceofyoutobehavelikethat.<你那樣做太不像話。>Iamashamedofyou.我為你感到羞恥。Youcan'tdothattome.你不能這樣對(duì)我。Whycan’tyoudosomethingaboutit?Howdareyoudothat?你怎幺敢這樣做？Can'tyousee?你難道沒看見嗎？Whatdoyoumeanbydoingso?你那樣做是什幺意思？Whatonearthisthematter?究竟發(fā)生了什幺事情？Whydidn'tyoutellmethetruthearlier?Didn'tItellyoutobehereontime?難道我沒叫你準(zhǔn)時(shí)到這里嗎？B.I’msorrytohavesaidthat,but....It'smyfault,Iamtoblame.這是我的過錯(cuò),我該罰。It'snoneofyourbusiness.你不要多管閑事?！锾嵝眩夯居谜ZDon’tforgetto....Don’tyourememberthedayswhen...?MakesurethateverythingisOKnow.Imustremindyouof…Becareful!1.----Ohdear!I’vejustbrokenawindow.----.Itcan’tbehelped.A.NevermindB.Allright C.That’sfine D.Notatall2.----James,IamsorryIusedyourcomputerwhenyouwereawaythismorning.----.A.That’sallrightB.It’sapleasure C.Youarewelcome D.Don’tmentionit3.—Excusemeforinterruptingyou.—________.A.Takeiteasy B.Don'texcuseme C.That'sright D.That'sallright.4.—I'msorrytohavegotyouintotrouble.—__________.A.Don'tsayso B.Noworry C.Itdoesn'tmatter D.Nothing5.---Youhaven'tpaidforityet.----_______.A.Oh,I'mreallyverysorry.B.Notroubleatall.C.That’snothingD.Nevermind.6.---Myfatherisillinhospital.Ihavetogoandtakecareofhim.---________.A.Whatapity!B.Don’tmentionitC.It’sOK.D.I’msorrytohearthat.7.---Oh,sorrytobotheryou.----_______.A.That'sokayB.No,youcan'tC.That'sgoodD.Oh,Idon'tknow8.---Excuseme.Idon'twanttointerruptyoubut…----_______.A.CanIhelpyouB.Certainly,howdareyouC.It'squiteallrightD.Yes,youdid9.---Oh,I'msorry.ButIpromiseI'llbecarefulnexttime.----_______.A.It'snothingatallB.Oh,nevermind.Itdoesn'tmatterC.Thankyou.D.Therearenoquestions10.---Mygrandmother'stakenillandI'vegottogodowntothehospital.----_______.A.Wearegoingtothesameplace.B.Verysorrytohearit.Ihopeit'snothingseriousC.ReallyD.Letmegowithyou11.---Edsaidthathisboyfellofftree.----_______.A.Ohdear!Ihopehewasn'thurt.B.Oh,no.AluckboyC.HemighthavebrokenhisarmD.Nothingserious12.--Iwassosurethatourexperimentwasgoingtosucceed,butsomethingwentwrongatthelastmoment.--____,butdon'tgiveitup.A.Youdon'tmeanthatB.FindoutthereasonC.NevermindD.I'msorrytohearthat13.---I’msorryIbrokeyourmirror.---Oh,really?________.A.It’sOKwithmeB.Itdoesn’tmatterC.Don’tbesorryD.Idon’tcare14.A:Comein,MrSmith.Nicetoseeyou.B:Nicetoseeyoutoo.I'mverysorrytobelate.A:_________.We'regladyoucouldcome.B:Ididn'tquiterememberthenumberofyourhouse,soittookmealongtimetofindyourhouse.A:_________thatIdidn'tmakemyselfclear.B:Oh,__________.五、禁止和警告基本常識(shí)日常生活中,人們經(jīng)常會(huì)碰到"禁止""警告"的場合,如在博物館里的NoTouch〔請(qǐng)勿觸摸展品；影劇院里、公共汽車上的NoSmoking〔不許抽煙；公園里座位旁邊的WetPaint〔油漆未干；交通要道處的NoParking〔禁止停車等。在正式場合,提醒對(duì)方注意,語氣一般較為婉轉(zhuǎn),如：Pleasebesuretocomeearliertomorrow.當(dāng)對(duì)方處于危險(xiǎn)狀態(tài)而沒有注意到時(shí),你應(yīng)該及時(shí)提出警告以防不測。如情況危險(xiǎn),就用簡短有力的祈使句。如：Takecare!/Watchout!/Becareful!/Stop!接受了別人的警告必須向?qū)Ψ奖硎靖兄x并簡要說明理由,甚至道歉。禁止和警告通常是在一種緊急的語境中發(fā)出的,而且語言要簡潔,因此祈使句是常見的表達(dá)方式。禁止和警告這一功能有時(shí)相當(dāng)于威脅,但口氣強(qiáng)弱有所不同。表示禁止時(shí)常用：Youmustn't/Youcan't<不行>。表示警告時(shí)常用和：Takecare./Becareful!/Lookout!/Mindout!小心Watchout!當(dāng)心!等。基本用語Youcan't/Mustn'tdo……Ifyou……,youwill……Youhadbetternotdo….Don'tsmoke.Nonoise,please.No+doing…Besurenottodo…Lookout!<緊急>/Takecare!<提醒注意>/Becareful!Lookoutfor…/Becarefulwith…Makesureyoulockthedoorwhenyouleave!Mindthewetpaint!Mindyourownbusiness!別管閑事！Watchoutwhereyouarewalking.Noway./OK,Iwill./Sorry,Iwon't.交際例句1.--Don'tclimbthatladder!It'sbroken.--OK.Thankyou.2.--Lookout!There'sacarcoming.--Oh,thankyou.3.--Youmustn'tplayonthestreet.It'sdangerous.--No,wewon't.4.--Don'ttouchthemachinewhenitisworking.--No,Iwon't.Thankyou.5.--Youarenotallowedtosmokehere.--Oh,I'msorry.1>—MayI____thebookforanotherweek?—No,you____.Youmustreturnitrightnow.A.lend;mustn't B.keep;can't C.have;needn'tD.borrow;mustn't2>—______whenyoucrossthestreet.There'ssomuchtraffic.—Yes,Iwill.A.Takecare B.Makesure C.LookoutD.Becareful3>---Youcan'twalkyourdoginthepark.---_______.A.Oh,I'msorry.I'llneverdoitagain.B.Mindyourownbusiness.C.Oh,thankyou.D.Idon’tthinkso.AndIlikeit.4>Robert：Areyouholdingtheladder,Jane?Jane：Yes,Iam.Pleasebecareful,Robert.Don'tgotoohigh.Robert：___________.I'mOK.Jane：Look!Therearesomegoodapplesoverthere.Robert：Where?Jane：Behindyou!Canyoureachthem?Robert：Oh,yes.Icanseethem,butIcan'treachthem.Jane：__________.It'sdangerous!You'retoohigh.Robert：No,I'mnot.Great!Icanreachthemnow.六、請(qǐng)求、允許〔提出幫助;提出建議和忠告、:基本用語a.May/Can/CouldI...?IwonderifIcould/can....DoyoumindifIdo..?/WouldyoumindifIdid…?b.Yes/Sure/Certainly.Yes,<do>please.Ofcourse<youmay>.Goahead,please.<有請(qǐng)!>That'sOK/allright.Notatall.Withpleasure.很樂意.c.I'msorryyoucan't.I'msorry,but....You'dbetternot.Allright./OK.▲對(duì)Would/Doyoumindif…的回答。<首先要根據(jù)情況回答"是否介意"。如果真的介意,都要委婉拒絕。不介意的答語：No,ofcoursenot./Certainlynot./No,goahead./Notatall.……介意的答語：I'msorryyoucan't./Sorry,butit'snotallowed./You'dbetternot.Iwouldratheryoudidn't…/I'mafraid…▲對(duì)IwonderifIcould/can的回答：允許Sure,goahead./Yes,pleasedo./Yes.Ofcourse.Certainly.不允許I'msorry,but…/I'mafraidnot./No,pleasedon't./You'dbetternot.交際例句1.--Pleaseletmehelpyou.--No,thanks.Icancarryit.2.--CanIseeyourlicenceplease?--OK.3.--MayIcallyouJames?--Ofcourse,ifyouwish.4.--CouldIborrowapenplease?--Ofcourse.Withpleasure.5.--Excuseme.MayIuseyourdictionary?--Yes,hereyouare.6.--MayIaskyouseveralquestions?--Yes,ofcourse.★提供〔幫助等和應(yīng)答基本常識(shí)1.發(fā)現(xiàn)陌生人或不太熟悉的人有困難,一般用下列句子主動(dòng)提供幫助。CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?/IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?Doyouwantmetocallyouadoctor?/Letmecarrytheluggageforyou.Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?2.如果是熟悉的人或朋友,可直接問對(duì)方需要什么幫助。Wouldyoulikemetogetyouabook?/Doyouwantmetocallyouataxi?Ifyoudon'tmind,I'llgoandbuythemforyou./Here,takemyumbrella.3.不需要?jiǎng)e人幫助時(shí),還是得先表示謝意。Pleasedon'tworry.Icanmanageitmyself.Pleasedon'tbother.Thankyouallthesame.No,thanks.基本用語1.Can/Could/ShallIhelpyou