浙江省寧波市鄞縣正始中學(xué)2022高二英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析

浙江省寧波市鄞縣正始中學(xué)2022高二英語(yǔ)期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Carefulsurveyshaveindicatedthataudience________teachersandstudentsbemorelikelytotakeseats________directed.A.1ike;that

B.as;that

C.1ike;as

D.as;like

參考答案：C略2.Insocietieswheresocialrolesaredetermined,boysusuallycopythebehavioroftheirfathers,andgirlsusuallyalsocopy_____oftheirmothers.A.that

B.those

C.one

D.theones參考答案：A3._______fromthemoon,ourearth,withwater_____about70percentofitssurface,appearslikeablueball.

A.Seen;covered

B.Seeing;covering

C.Seen;covering

D.Seeing;covered參考答案：C4.Sichuanishometogiantpandas,_______areChina’snationaltreasurelovedbypeopleallovertheworld.

A.whose B.that C.where D.which參考答案：D試題分析：考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。此處是前面整個(gè)句子做先行詞，用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故選D。5.Haveyoueverbeeninasituation_____youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucan’tagreewithhim?A.which

B.that

C.where

D.what參考答案：C6._______therearemanyproblemsexistinginChina,wefirmlybelievethatourgovernmentcansolvetheminthenearfuture.

A.When B.Because C.If D.While參考答案：D7.Inthequestionnaire,thesubjectsarequestionedwhetherthey____banningcarsinthecitycentre．A．a(chǎn)gree

B．comment

C．a(chǎn)dvocate

D．conduct參考答案：C23.We_______himonhisbirthdayandheldapartyto_______it.A.congratulated;congratulate

B.celebrated;celebrateC.celebrated;congratulate

D.congratulated;celebrate參考答案：D9.

Accordingtothe______passedbythecourt,halfofhispossessionsshallbelongtohiswife.

A.ban

B.consequence

C.judgment

D.punishment參考答案：C10.Theteacher_____hisstudents______fivegroups..Adivided…into

B.separated…from

C.separated…into…

D.divided…from參考答案：A26.I__________useaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.

A.couldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.shouldn’t

D.needn’t參考答案：D略12.---HowiseverythinggoingonwithyouinEurope?---Quitewell.NotsosmoothlyasIhoped_____.A.though

B.instead

C.either

D.too參考答案：A13.She______animportantdetailinheraccount.A．leftout

B．brokedown

C．madesense

D．consistedof參考答案：A14.Youwanttohelpyourkidsasmuchasyoucan,but_______,you’vegottobecarefultohelpthemlearnontheirown.

A.ontheotherhand

B.foronething

C.inotherwords

D.asusual參考答案：A15.Hecalledateverydoor,urgingthatpeople________hisproducts.

A.tobuy

B.bought

C.buying

D.buy參考答案：D略16.—ThejobinterviewwilltakeplacetomorrowandI’mreallyworriedaboutit,Mum?

—

,dear!Justtryyourbest.

A．Withpleasure.

B．Takeiteasy

C．Haveagoodtime

D．Goodluck參考答案：B17.She________herselfentirelytoherresearchanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.A．contributedto

B．made

C．devoted D．wasdevoted參考答案：C18.–Whendidthemanagerdecidetoconstructthetheoryofmanagement?--Itwaslastmonth___________themanagementsystemsufferedfromadrawback.A.when

? B.that

C.which

? D.where參考答案：A試題分析：考查定語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。本句中when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾lastmonth，在第二句中后面省略了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的后半句thathedecidedtoconstructthetheoryofmanagement。句意：—經(jīng)理什么時(shí)候決定修訂管理理論的？—是在上個(gè)月管理系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)問題的時(shí)候，他才決定重新修訂管理理論的。故A正確?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】強(qiáng)調(diào)就是使句子的某一部分比一般情況下顯得更加重要。英語(yǔ)表達(dá)中，要強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一成分，一般可用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“Itis(was)+that(who)+句子的其余部分”。It在句中無意義，只起引出被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的作用。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分指人時(shí)，除可用that外，還可換用who（強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)指人時(shí)也可用whom）。使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)，應(yīng)注意以下事項(xiàng)：1、去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)Itis(was)…that(who)…后，剩下的詞仍能組成一個(gè)完整的句子。這是判斷是不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的關(guān)鍵。試比較：1.Itisstrangethathedidn’tcomeyesterday.2.ItisyouandTomthatdidn’tcomeyesterday.顯然，句1去掉Itis…that…后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整，是主語(yǔ)從句；句2去掉Itis…that…后，句子變?yōu)閥ouandTomdidn’tcomeyesterday.仍是一個(gè)表意完整的句子，這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句。再如：1.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay____matters.

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.this答案A。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，剩下的是Whatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaymatters.表意完整。2.Thatwasreallyasplendidevening.It’syears____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.when

B.that

C.before

D.since答案D。由強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的判斷方法可知，該句不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。It指時(shí)間，句意為：好幾年我沒有這么高興了。since的意思是“自從那個(gè)時(shí)候起”。2、如果強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因或方式狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不可用when,where,why或how，而仍用that。試比較：Itwasbecauseoftheaccidentwhyhewaslate.(誤),Itwasbecauseoftheaccidentthathewaslate.(正)。又如：1.Itwasnotuntilmidnight_____theyreachedthecampsite.A.that

B.when

C.while

D.as答案A。該題強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)是B，考生容易因強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)untilmidnight而誤選。2.Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired____herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.A.that

B.when

C.since

D.as答案A。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句afterhegotwhathehaddesired，題干意思是“得到他所夢(mèng)寐以求的東西后他才意識(shí)到一切都不那么重要”。不要誤選B。3、注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的否定句和疑問句形式，在這方面很容易因弄不清句子結(jié)構(gòu)而錯(cuò)選。如:1.Ijustwonder____thatmakeshimsoexcited.A.whyitdoes

B.whathedoes

C.howitis

D.whatitis答案D。正常語(yǔ)序的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型容易看出，但要注意它的變體。如果把該題變換一下語(yǔ)序：itiswhatthatmakeshimsoexcited,不難看出這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句形式，強(qiáng)調(diào)了疑問代詞what，因?yàn)閣onder后賓語(yǔ)從句，故用了陳述語(yǔ)序。2.Itwasnotuntilshegothome____Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.A.when

B.that

C.where

D.before答案B。如果去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，該句是一個(gè)“not…until”句型：Jenniferdidn’trealizeshehadlostherkeysuntilshegothome.要強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)untilshegothome，這時(shí)要把主句中的否定詞not放在was之后。4、強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，that或who后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式仍然取決于原句中的主語(yǔ)；be的變化只有is和was兩種形式，如果要表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)將來時(shí)的其它各種形式時(shí)，就用Itis…,表達(dá)過去時(shí)的各種形式時(shí)，用Itwas….一般要與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一致。如：1.ItisIwho/thatamanEnglishteacher.2.Itistheboywho/thatspeaksEnglishbestintheclass.3.ItwasonSundaythathegaveGeorgethisticket.4.Itisthelittlegirlwho/thathasbrokentheglass.5、強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的時(shí)態(tài)。如果原句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用的是現(xiàn)在范疇的時(shí)態(tài)(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成/現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)、將來完成時(shí)等)，用Itisthat。如果原句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過去范疇的時(shí)態(tài)(一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)等)，則用Itwasthat。6、在復(fù)習(xí)中有可能把Itis/was…that句式都誤認(rèn)為是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的幾種情況：1）、把具有實(shí)際意義的指示代詞it后面接is/was…that誤認(rèn)為是強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。---Wheredidyougettoknowher?

---Itwasonthefarm____weworked.A.that

B.there

C.which

D.where答案D。該句易誤作強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，所以A是強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)。這里whereweworked是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾thefarm。It指“與她相識(shí)”這件事。該題很容易受思維定勢(shì)的影響而拒絕選D，因?yàn)槠饺战虒W(xué)老師一再?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)，用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)即使強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，也不能用where而用that。該句如果要用itwas…that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的話，可改寫為“ItwasonthefarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher.”2）、把it指時(shí)間、天氣、距離、環(huán)境等后接be的情形誤以為是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。Itwastwentymilesfromourcitytothevillage____theaccidenthappened.A.that

B.when

C.then

D.where答案D。本題貌似Itwas…that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其實(shí)不然。句中It表示距離，where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。3）、把Itis/was…that結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)從句誤認(rèn)為是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。1.TheForeignMinistersaid,“____ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”A.Thisis

B.Thereis

C.Thatis

D.Itis答案D。如果選A和C，指示代詞This和That在句中找不出指代的內(nèi)容，選B意義不通。故選D。雖然選Itis后題干中出現(xiàn)了Itis…that結(jié)構(gòu)，但這不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。很明顯，題干中的that從句應(yīng)是主語(yǔ)從句，所缺的是形式主語(yǔ)。7、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型Itis/was…that/who主要用來強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)該用代動(dòng)詞do及其變形does或did，這三種形式常用在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。它一般只能強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在時(shí)與過去時(shí)。如：IdowishIcould.我真希望我能。Hedoeslookwell.他的確看起來氣色很好。Youdidgivemeafright.你真把我給嚇了一跳?？键c(diǎn)：考查定語(yǔ)從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型二、完型填空19.Sportsarebynaturecompetitive.Butrecently,theover-competitivenatureyouthsportsseemtohavetakenonhasledtocausefor__1__.

Thosewhoarestronglyagainstcompetitionpointoutthatinacompetition,onlyonewinswhiletherest__2__.Theyarguethatcompetitionleadschildrentodefinethemselvesbytheoutcome,tyingtheirself-esteem(自尊心)upwiththeirabilityto__3__others.Theyfurtherarguethatcompetitioncausesanxiety,affectslearningandcauseschildrentoviewothersas__4__totheirsuccess.Competitionrestrictsparticipationand__5__success.A“win-at-all-costs”mentalitycancausechildrentopaylittleattentiontohonestyandfairplay.

Ontheoppositesideofthedebatearethosewhoviewcompetitionasa__6__partofAmericansociety.Theyarguethatplacingkidsinacompetitivesituationsuchassportshelpspreparethemfora(n)__7__lifeinoursocietythatisfullofcompetition.__8__isanormalpartofhumannatureandpartofeverydaylife.Otherarguments__9__competitivesportsarethattheyprovidechallenges,helpkidsdevelopskills,andteachthemhowtogetalongwithothers.

Thethirdsideofthisdebatesaysthatalittlecompetitioncan’tbethat__10__,aslongascompetitiondoesnotgetoutofhandandtakeona“win-at-all-costs”mentality.Theyclaimthatcompetitioninitselfisnotbadanditcanserveasa__11__ofsocialcomparison,necessaryforadolescentstoseehow__12__theyare.Theiradviceistointroducecompetition__13__whilefocusingmoreonmasteryandcooperationduringchildhood.Thegradualshifttowardcompetitionwillallowchildrentobuildskills,participatefully,andfocuson__14__ratherthanwinning.

Itisimportantthatyouconsiderallofthepossible__15__ofcompetitionbeforeyouputyourchildinacompetitivesituation.1.

A.alarm

B.concern

C.optimism

D.accident2.

A.follow

B.stop

C.fail

D.return3.

A.beat

B.change

C.study

D.control4.

A.tickets

B.barriers

C.roads

D.invitations5.

A.refuses

B.limits

C.imagines

D.stresses6.

A.healthy

B.popular

C.hard

D.missing7.

A.political

B.early

C.adult

D.daily8.

A.Disagreement B.Motivation

C.Difficulty

D.Competition9.

A.doubting

B.attacking

C.supporting

D.ignoring10.

A.necessary

B.bad

C.interesting

D.boring11.

A.sample

B.product

C.subject

D.means12.

A.unique

B.young

C.normal

D.skillful13.

A.gradually

B.eventually

C.widely

D.forcefully14.

A.observing

B.teaching

C.playing

D.growing15.A.benefits

B.outcomes

C.responsibilities

D.methods參考答案：略20.閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從41--60各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A﹑B﹑C和D）中，選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Wemakealivingwithwhatweget,butwemakealifewithwhatwegive.

---WinstonChurchill

Iamwillingto

41

thissaying.Ihavebeen

42

attheBostonChildren’sHospitaleveryyearsinceIwasthirteen.Atthebeginning,Ionlywantedtogo

43

Iwouldgetpraiseforentertainingchildrenatthe

44

.Aftergivingmytimefortwomonths,my

45

changedcompletely.WhenIfirst

46

intothewaitingroomonthegroundfloor,Iwasvery

47

thatIwouldbespendingmyentiresummerwithkids.Asitbecame

48

formetoshowupeverydayat8a.m.,manykidsbeganto

49

me.Tomysurprise,Ibeganlookingforwardtoseeingtheir

50

facesaswell.Theywerealwaysenthusiasticabout

51

.MyheartwarmedeverytimeIheardtheir

52

voicesaskingmeforastoryorananswertoaquestion.Ifelt

53

andirreplaceable.(不可替代的).AsIlookback,Iseethe

54

thatthesespecialchildrenhavehadonme.ItisbecauseofthemthatIhave

55

adesiretobecomeapsychologist.Recently,Ihavevolunteeredforamonth.Ihavebeenaskedto

56

onmanydifferentfloorsbesidesthewaitingroom

57

Istarted.Thekidsonthefloorsaboveareusuallythereforalongertime.

58

theiranxietyanddesiretogetbetterandgohome,theyalwaysoffermea(n)

59

smile.IfeelrenewedafterspendingadaywiththembecauseIrealizethatthereismuchmoreto

60

thanmoney.Itismuchmoreimportanttoloveandtobeloved.41.A.know

B.believe

C.respect

D.understand42.A.livinging

B.studying

C.staying

D.volunteering43.A.unless

B.until

C.after

D.because44.A.hospital

B.school

C.room

D.building45.A.plan

B.style

C.opinion

D.life46.A.looked

B.stepped

C.turned

D.appeared47.A.happy

B.upset

C.nervous

D.worried48.A.special

B.curious

C.routine

D.hopeful49.A.notice

B.expect

C.watch

D.annoy50.A.foolish

B.bright

C.dirty

D.silent51.A.smiling

B.sleeping

C.learning

D.playing52.A.loud

B.crazy

C.eager

D.irritating53.A.valued

B.tired

C.disappointed

D.surprised54.A.expectation

B.dream

C.influence

D.love55.A.developed

B.remembered

C.worked

D.improved56.A.helpout

B.dropin

C.goaround

D.turnup57.A.what

B.which

C.where

D.that58.A.With

B.For

C.Against

D.Inspiteof59.A.willing

B.optimistic

C.sad

D.pitiful60.A.life

B.habit

C.nature

D.family參考答案：41---60BDDAC

BDCBB

CCACA

ACDBA略三、閱讀理解21.請(qǐng)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

ScientistshavefoundthathumaneyesaremorelikelytobedamagedbyUVrays(紫外線)whileskiinginthesnow-coveredareasthansittingonthebeach,accordingtoareportbytheUKnewspaperTheTelegraph.TheresearchersatKanazawaMedicalUniversity,JapanandAmericancompanyJohnsonconductedthestudytogether.Theylookedattheeffectsoflightreflectiononnewlyfallensnowonaskitrail(aroughpath)inIshikawaDistrict,northernJapan.TheycomparedtheresultswiththelevelsofUVraysonasandbeachinsouthernJapan'sOkinawaDistrict.Theyfoundthatonthebeach,eyesareexposedtoadaily260kilojoules(千焦耳)ofUVasquaremetercomparedto658kilojoulesinsnow-coveredareas.ThefindingsaresupportedbytheJapanMeteorologicalAgency.Accordingtotheagency,thereflectionrateofUVlightonbeachesisoftenbetween10and25percent,comparedto80percentinthenewsnowareas.Theamountoflightincreased4percentwitha300-meterriseinheight.MostofusknowthatUVrayscanharmtheskin.That'swhywewearsunscreenonourskinbeforewegetoutinthesun.ButmanyofusmaynotrealizethatUVray