2023屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)：定語(yǔ)從句教學(xué)課件 (共22張PPT)

定語(yǔ)從句定義：在句子中起定語(yǔ)的作用，修飾某一名詞，或者修飾整個(gè)句子的從句叫做定語(yǔ)從句。被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，定語(yǔ)從句通常跟在先行詞之后。分類：根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定語(yǔ)從句可分為限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。限定性定語(yǔ)從句緊跟在先行詞之后，用來(lái)限制先行詞的意義，是句子不可缺少的成分，沒(méi)有它整個(gè)句子的意思就不完整或不明確；非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，只起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用，如省去，句子仍然成立關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞叫做關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞可分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，關(guān)系詞既起連接作用，又在從句中充當(dāng)成分.關(guān)系代詞在從句中起名詞或形容詞作用，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)；而關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)

指人指物主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)

that which who whomwhose

√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√常用的關(guān)系代詞有：

that,which,who,whom,whose√that指人或物，在定從中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，有時(shí)也可以作表語(yǔ)Canyoutellmethenameoftheboythathelpedme?ThebookthatIputonthedeskismine.Sheisnotthelittlegirlthatsheusedtobe.2.which指物，在定從中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)ThetrainwhichhasarrivedisfromBeijing.Isthatthegamewhichyoulike?3.who指人，在定從中作主語(yǔ)，有時(shí)也可以代替whom作賓語(yǔ)Thereisagirlwhowantstoseeyou.Thegirlwho/whomyousawyesterdayismysister.4.whom指人，在定從中可作賓語(yǔ)，常被who代替Isthatthemanwhom/whoyoulentthebookto?5.whose一般指人，有時(shí)也可以指物，在從句中作定語(yǔ)Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisverylong?Theyclimbedthemountainwhosetopwascoveredwithsnow.關(guān)系副詞：引導(dǎo)限定性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞主要有when,where,whywhen指時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，可用at/in/on/duringwhich等代替ThathappenedonthedaywhenIarrived.Thatwasthedaywhen/onwhichhewasborn.2.where指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)可用in/at/onwhich等代替Thisistheplacewhere/inwhichheworks.3.why指原因，在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)可用forwhich代替Thatisthereasonwhy/forwhichIrefusedit.4.that在從句中可以作時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因或方式狀語(yǔ)，that表示方式時(shí)，可以用inwhich代替Idon’tlikethewaythat/inwhichhespeakstome.that指物時(shí)一般可以與which互換，但在下列情況中一般不可以用which:①當(dāng)先行詞為all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代詞時(shí)，如：

a.All___canbedonehasbeendone.b.Iamsureshehassomething____youcanborrow.c.Thereislittle____

theenemycandobesidessurrender.

thatthatthat②先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修飾時(shí)：

I’vereadallthebooks____yougaveme.Themuch

progress____

hehadmadeencouragedhimtoomuch.③先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。

a.Thisisthefirstcomposition____hehaswritteninEnglish.b.It’sthebestnovel____Ihaveeverread.thatthatthatthat

④先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast

修飾時(shí)

a.Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone____Ireallylike.b.Thisistheverybook_____

Iwanttofind.thatthat⑤先行詞是疑問(wèn)詞who,which,what

時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句用that而不用who,(whom)和which引導(dǎo)。

a.Whoistheperson____

isstandingatthegate?b.Whichofus____

knowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?⑥當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句要用that而不用who(whom)和which引導(dǎo)。如：Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_____hehadvisited.thatthatthat⑦當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)：

Maryisnolongerthegirl_____shewastenyearsago.Chinaisnolongerthecountry____itusedtobe.thatthat1.Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood,______wehadn’texpected.A.WhenB.thatC.whichD.what

歷年各地關(guān)于定語(yǔ)從句高考試題2.Anyway,thatevening,______I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachel’splace.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which3.Thegentleman_____youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.WhoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom4.Thosehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice______peopleexpected.LikeB.asC.thatD.which5.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,______wasveryreasonable.A.WhichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose6._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What7.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_______heislikelytolosecontrolOvertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why8.Haveyouseenthefilm“Titanic”,______leadingactorisworld-famous.A.ItsB.It’sC.whoseD.which9.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,____othervisitorsseldomgo.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.when

10.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_____thesailingTimewas226days.A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich11.Wearelivinginanage______manythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when12.Icanthinkofmanycases____studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.A.whyB.whichC.asD.where13.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome______Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where14.