2023年藝術(shù)類高考英語復(fù)習(xí)-Unit Four

Unit

FourⅠ.重點(diǎn)詞匯必背一、重點(diǎn)單詞1.applaud [??pl??d]

v.鼓掌;喝彩;贊許,贊賞2.apply

[??plai]

v.申請;實(shí)用,應(yīng)用,使用3.appoint [??p?int]

v.任命,委任;指定(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn));約會(huì)4.appreciate [??pri??ieit]

v.欣賞,鑒賞;感激;贊賞5.approve [??pru?v]

v.贊成,同意,批準(zhǔn),通過6.Argue [?a?gju?]

v.爭辯,爭論7.arise [??raiz]

v.發(fā)生,引起,起來,升起,出現(xiàn)8.arrange [??reind?]

v.安排;布置;整理;歸類;排列;調(diào)解9.arrest [??rest]

v.逮捕,拘留;阻止

n.逮捕,拘留10.associate [??s?u?ieit]

v.聯(lián)想,把……聯(lián)系起來;結(jié)交n.伙伴; 同事;同行11.assume [??sju?m]

v.承擔(dān);認(rèn)為;假定;假裝12.astonish [??st?ni?]

v.使驚訝13.attach [??t?t?]

v.把……貼上;附上;使隸屬;愛慕,依戀14.attack [??t?k]

v.進(jìn)攻,攻擊,襲擊,打擊n.進(jìn)攻,攻擊,打擊15.attempt [??tempt]

v.試圖,嘗試二、重點(diǎn)短語16.beactivein在……方面積極17.beafraidof擔(dān)心,害怕18.beangryat/with對、為……而生氣19.beanxiousabout/for為……而憂慮、著急20.beborn出生一、重點(diǎn)單詞1.apply

v.申請;實(shí)用,應(yīng)用,使用構(gòu)詞application

n.應(yīng)用;申請;專心;應(yīng)用程序 applicant

n.申請人用法applyfor為……請求、申請;

applyto向……請求、申請;適用于……,涂某物于……例句MyfriendsurgedthatI(should)applyforthejob.

朋友們力勸我申請那份工作。Ⅱ.核心詞匯運(yùn)用操練根據(jù)句子要求,完成句子。(1)牛頓的運(yùn)動(dòng)定律適用于地球上一切東西。Newton’slawofmotionapplies

allthingsontheearth.

(2)你可以同時(shí)運(yùn)行好幾個(gè)應(yīng)用程序。Youcanrunseveral

atthesametime.

(3)你最好在傷口上涂些藥膏。You’dbetter

someointmenttothecut.

toapplicationsapply2.appoint

v.任命,委任;指定(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn));約會(huì)構(gòu)詞appointment

n.約會(huì);任命;設(shè)備;職位用法appointfor為……約定時(shí)間

appointsb.+職位任命某人為……例句Theyappointedhimchairman.

他們?nèi)蚊麨橹飨２倬毟鶕?jù)句子要求,完成句子。(1)他想把他的約會(huì)從星期一改到星期三。Hewantstochangehis

fromMondaytoWednesday.

(2)我們要確定一下下次開會(huì)的日子。Wemust

thenextmeeting.

appointmentappointadayfor3.appreciate

vt.欣賞,鑒賞;感激;贊賞構(gòu)詞appreciation

n.欣賞;感激;鑒賞用法appreciateworksofart/poem欣賞藝術(shù)作品;賞詩

appreciatesb.’skindness感謝某人的善意例句Idoappreciateyourtimelyhelp.

我的確很感謝您及時(shí)的幫助。操練根據(jù)句子要求,完成句子。(1)我非常欣賞你的自信心。I

yourself-confidencealot.

(2)對藝術(shù)的欣賞將會(huì)豐富你的生活。An

willenrichyourlife.

appreciateappreciationofart4.arrange

v.安排;布置;整理;歸類;排列;調(diào)解構(gòu)詞arrangement

n.布置;安排用法makeanarrangementfor/about=arrangefor為……做出安排例句Heknewtheroomarrangementwell.

他對房間的布局是很清楚的。操練根據(jù)句子要求,完成句子。(1)我們必須安排一個(gè)合適的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)開會(huì)。Wemust

aconvenienttimeandplace

themeeting.

(2)他們安排下午三點(diǎn)鐘在校門口見面。They

tomeetattheschoolgateat3p.m..

arrangeformadeanarrangement5.associate

v.聯(lián)想,把……聯(lián)系起來;結(jié)交n.伙伴;同事;同行構(gòu)詞association

n.協(xié)會(huì);社團(tuán);交往;聯(lián)想;聯(lián)合;結(jié)合用法associatewith與……交往;把……與……聯(lián)系在一起例句Theyprefertoassociatewithyoungpeople.

他們更喜歡與年輕人交往。操練根據(jù)句子要求,完成句子。(1)你加入足球協(xié)會(huì)了嗎?Haveyoujoinedthe

?

(2)我不愿再和他們交往了。Idon’twantto

myself

themanymore.

(3)ForeignersassociateChina

theGreetWall.

footballassociationassociatewithwith6.attack

v.進(jìn)攻,攻擊,襲擊,打擊

n.進(jìn)攻,攻擊,打擊構(gòu)詞attacker

n.打擊者;抨擊者 attackman

n.攻擊手用法attackon對……進(jìn)攻heartattack心臟病例句Theydecidedtoattackatnight.

他們決定夜晚進(jìn)攻。操練根據(jù)句子要求,完成句子。(1)那個(gè)可憐的老人昨晚心臟病又發(fā)作了。Thepooroldmanhadanother

lastnight.

(2)Theplanesbegantheir

thecity.

heartattackattackon7.attempt

v./n.試圖,嘗試用法attempttodo/atdoing=makeanattempt

嘗試做……例句Shewillattempttobreaktheworldrecord.

她將嘗試打破世界紀(jì)錄。操練根據(jù)句子要求,完成句子。(1)Hewasencouragedtomakeanother

.

(2)我是第一個(gè)嘗試回答這個(gè)問題的。Iwasthefirst

toanswerthequestion.

(3)她第二次自殺未遂。Shefailedinher

tocommitsuicide.

attempttoattemptsecondattempt二、重點(diǎn)短語8.beangryat/with對、為……而生氣構(gòu)詞angrily

adv.生氣地用法beangrywithsb.生某人的氣 beangryat/aboutsth.對某事生氣例句Shewastooangrytobeabletospeak.

她氣得連話都說不出來了。操練填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使句子完整。(1)Iwasangry

himforkeepingmewaiting.

(2)他的冷漠真令我生氣。I’mveryangry

hisindifference.

withat9.beafraidof擔(dān)心,害怕用法beafraidof(doing)/todosth..../beafraidthat+句子

擔(dān)心某事;害怕做……例句Don’tbeafraidofaskingquestions.

不要害怕提問題。操練填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使句子完整。(1)恐怕這事不會(huì)成的。I’mafraid

it’snotgoingtoworkout.

(2)He’safraid

goingoutaloneatnight.

(3)Itseemsthatsheisafraid

tellthemaboutit.

thatofto10.beborn出生用法bebornwith生而具有

bebornin+地點(diǎn)出生在

bebornto出身于(家庭)例句IwasborninChina.

我出生于中國。操練填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使句子完整。(1)她生來富貴。Shewasborn

asilverspooninhermouth.

(2)他生在貧困人家。Hewasborn

apoorfamily.

(3)畢加索天生就是個(gè)藝術(shù)家。Picasso

beanartist.

withtowasbornto一、形容詞的概念和用法Ⅲ.語法突破——形容詞和副詞概念句子成分用法表示人或事物的特征。主語和定冠詞一起構(gòu)成相當(dāng)于名詞的短語,在句子中作主語。Theoldarebeingtakengoodcareofinourcommunity.表語和連系動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。Itgetsdarkeranddarker.概念句子成分用法表示人或事物的特征。定語前置定語單個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞。Itisacoldwinter.后置定語形容詞修飾不定代詞。Ihavesomethingnewtosay.用在表數(shù)量的詞之后。Mybrotheris1.80meterstall.后有介詞短語或不定式短語。Itisaquestionhardtoanswer.多個(gè)形容詞排序限定詞→數(shù)量詞→表觀點(diǎn)→形狀→年齡→顏色→國籍→材料。It’saprettyroundbluewoodendoll.狀語放在句首,或句尾,或主語后。Enthusiastic,theyarequitecooperative.賓語和定冠詞一起構(gòu)成相當(dāng)于名詞的短語在句子中作賓語。Icanhelpthepoorwhentheyareintrouble.賓語補(bǔ)足語修飾賓語,起補(bǔ)充說明。Ifindthefilminteresting.續(xù)表:二、副詞的概念和用法概念句子成分用法表示動(dòng)作特征或性質(zhì)特征。表語和系動(dòng)詞連用。Thefilmwillbeoverat10:00.賓語在介詞后。Itisn’tfarfromheretoourschool.定語放在名詞后。Theweatherhereischangeable.狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞或整個(gè)句子。Thankyouverymuch.三、副詞的種類和詞序副詞的分類種類頻度副詞:always,often,seldom,sometimes,usually程度副詞:even,hardly,much,rather,still,very,too,alittle,almost方式副詞:hard,well,quickly,slowly地點(diǎn)副詞:here,there,home,under,above,abroad,up,down時(shí)間副詞:now,then,early,tomorrow疑問副詞:when,where,why,how連接副詞:when,where,why,whether關(guān)系副詞:when,where,why副詞的排序疑問副詞+頻度副詞+程度副詞+方式副詞+地點(diǎn)副詞+時(shí)間副詞四、形容詞和副詞的比較等級:原級、比較級和最高級1.規(guī)則變化形容詞和副詞的情況原級比較級最高級一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加-er,-est。hard,softharder,softerhardest,softest以e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞加-r,-st。fine,ablefiner,ablerfinest,ablest以一個(gè)元音和一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)的單音節(jié)詞,雙寫后面的輔音字母,再加-er,-est。thin,wetthinner,wetterthinnest,wettest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,改y為i,再加-er,-est。happy,earlyhappier,earlierhappiest,earliest續(xù)表：形容詞和副詞的情況原級比較級最高級少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞加-er,-est。clever,shallowcleverer,shallowercleverest,shallowest多數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞,在其前加more或most構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。careful,quicklymorecareful,morequicklymostcareful,mostquickly2.不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good好的,well健康的betterbestbad壞的,badly糟糕地,ill壞的worseworstold老的older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many多的moremostlittle少的lessleastfar遠(yuǎn)的farther/furtherfarthest/furthest五、比較等級的句型比較等級句型原級as+...+as和……一樣。LucyisasbeautifulasLily.notas/so+...+as不如。Mybrotherdidn’tgetupasearlyasmymother.倍數(shù)+as...as...是……幾倍。Thisbenchistwiceaslongasthatone.as+形容詞+a+單數(shù)名詞+as。TimhasasgoodadictionaryasIhave.as+many/much+名詞+as。Kittywantstoreadasmanybooksasshecan.續(xù)表：比較等級句型比較級比較級+than。BrucerunsfasterthanSam.有兩個(gè)供選擇的對象。Whichdoyoulikebetter,applesorpears?比較級+and+比較級(越來越……)。Ourcountryisbecomingstrongerandstronger.The+比較級+...,the+比較級+...(越……就越……)。Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.最高級the+最高級+比較范圍。Lilyworks(the)hardestofthethree.oneof+最高級(是最……之一)。Heisoneofthebeststudentsinourclass.六、比較級和最高級的修飾語

修飾詞比較級abit,alittle,rather,some,any,many,much,far,agreat/gooddeal,alot,agoodbit,still,even,yet最高級thesecond,muchthe,(by)farthe,notquitethe,nearly,almost,bynomeans【形容詞和副詞高考考點(diǎn)分析】下面是近幾年高考題對形容詞和副詞的考查。通過這些題,我們來分析一下形容詞和副詞的用法和考點(diǎn)主要分布情況。1.(2015年全國卷Ⅰ)Afewhours

62

,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with

63

(it)chokingsmog.

【分析】

62.earlier/before。earlier副詞比較級,表示時(shí)間的先后。

2.(2017年全國卷Ⅰ)Even

66

(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.

3.(2018年全國卷Ⅰ)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears

61

(long)thannon-runners.

【分析】

66.worse?？疾楸容^級。句意:更糟糕的是,人們所吃快餐的數(shù)量增加了。故填worse?！痉治觥?/p>

61.longer?？疾楸容^級。根據(jù)后文的than可知用比較級,故填longer。4.(2019年全國卷Ⅰ)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen

62

(poor)studied.

5.(2019年全國卷Ⅰ)Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯(cuò)覺)thatpopulationsare

68

(high)thantheyactuallyare.

【分析】

62.poorly?？疾樾稳菰~變副詞。此空修飾后面的studied,故用副詞形式,作狀語。【分析】

68.higher?？疾樾稳菰~比較等級。由空后的than可知此處要用比較級。

6.(2020年全國卷Ⅰ)Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis

62

(extreme)challenging.

【分析】

62.extremely?？几痹~。句意:登陸月球的背面是極其有挑戰(zhàn)性的?？仗幮韪痹~來修飾形容詞challenging,應(yīng)填extreme的副詞形式extremely。7.(2020年全國卷Ⅰ)Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashow

69

iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhetheritsplansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.

【分析】

69.much。考形容詞。句意:關(guān)于月亮構(gòu)成的數(shù)據(jù),比如它含有多少冰和其他財(cái)富,可以幫助中國決定它未來月球基地的計(jì)劃是否實(shí)用。ice是不可數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)使用much修飾。8.(2021年全國卷Ⅰ)Itwill

58

(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!

9.(2021年全國卷Ⅰ)Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the

59

(hot)thespring!

【分析】

58.undoubtedly?？崭裉幮枰粋€(gè)副詞即:undoubtedly來修飾動(dòng)詞help,作狀語。句意:它無疑將幫助你恢復(fù)精神!【分析】

59.hotter。根據(jù)the+比較等級,the+比較等級結(jié)構(gòu),可知這里需要一個(gè)比較等級即:hotter,注意雙寫t再加er。句意:春天令人驚奇之處是溫度越低,春天越熱!從歷年來的高考題可以看出:形容詞和副詞的考查主要集中在形容詞和副詞的用法區(qū)別以及形容詞和副詞的比較等級上。全國卷的改錯(cuò)題中有形容詞和副詞的考點(diǎn)。一是考查形容詞和副詞的辨析,二是考查它們的比較等級。10.(2022年全國卷Ⅰ)...and

63

(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.【分析】

63.eventually?？疾楦痹~。根據(jù)空處后動(dòng)詞achieve,可知這里需要副詞eventually作狀語來修飾它。句意:最終達(dá)到理想的野生(大熊貓)數(shù)量水平?！就骄毩?xí)】

一、單項(xiàng)選擇(

)1.Theteacherwonderedwhy

manystudentshadmade

carelessmistakes.

A.so;such B.such;so C.so;so D.such;such【答案】

A【解析】

somany+名詞復(fù)數(shù),表示這么多。(

)2.Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave

atschool.

A.thehappiesttime B.amorehappiertime C.muchhappiesttime D.amuchhappiertime【答案】

D【解析】

much用于修飾比較級。(

)3.Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor—Ireallycouldn’taskfora

boss.

A.better B.good

C.best D.stillbetter【答案】

A【解析】考查比較級的否定用法。否定詞couldn’t與better連用,表示“非常好”,相當(dāng)于最高級;stillbetter不能用于否定句中。“為Stevenson先生工作真好,我實(shí)在找不到比他更好的老板了。”(

)4.You’dbeexposedtoalot

pollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.

A.more B.most C.less

D.least【答案】

C【解析】考查形容詞比較級的用法?？崭袂暗腶lot修飾比較級more或less,根據(jù)后面的語意?！叭绻惆岬娇諝馇逍?、水質(zhì)純凈的小鎮(zhèn)去,你受到的污染將會(huì)少得多。”(

)5.

,Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.

A.Hopefully B.Normally C.Thankfully D.Conveniently【答案】

C【解析】考查副詞的辨析。hopefully充滿希望地;normally正常地;thankfully慶幸地;conveniently方便地?！皯c幸的是,我終于打完了比賽,其中的辛苦沒有白費(fèi)?！?

)6.—HowareyourrecenttriptoSichuan? —I’veneverhad

onebefore.

A.apleasant B.amorepleasant C.amostpleasant D.themostpleasant【答案】

B【解析】考查比較級的否定用法。否定詞never與amorepleasant連用,表示“非常愉快”,相當(dāng)于最高級。themostpleasant是特指,需要有比較的范圍,但是這個(gè)范圍并不存在?！啊罱愕剿拇ǖ穆眯性趺礃?——從來沒有這么愉快過?！?

)7.ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbe

thepresentone.

A.asthreetimesbigas

B.threetimesasbigas C.asbigasthreetimes D.asbigthreetimesas【答案】

B【解析】考查倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法。表示倍數(shù)的詞作修飾語時(shí),放在as的前面,即“倍數(shù)+as+adj.+as”?！盀橄乱粚脕嗊\(yùn)會(huì)而修建的體育館將會(huì)是目前的體育館的三倍大?！?

)8.—Thefilmis,Ihavetosay,notabitinteresting. —Why?It’s

thanthefilmsIhaveeverseen.

A.farmoreinteresting B.muchlessinteresting C.nomoreinteresting

D.anylessinteresting【答案】

A【解析】考查形容詞比較級。程度副詞可修飾形容詞比較級,放于比較級前。根據(jù)應(yīng)答者用“Why?”進(jìn)行的反問?！啊业谜f,這部電影一點(diǎn)都不令人感興趣?！裁?這可比我看過的電影有趣得多了?！?

)9.Ittookusquitealongtimetogettotheamusementpark.Itwas

journey.

A.threehour B.athree-hours C.athree-hour D.threehours【答案】

C【解析】此題考查復(fù)合形容詞。數(shù)詞+連字符+名詞的用法,連字符連接的詞作名詞定語且用單數(shù)。意為“三個(gè)小時(shí)的路程”。(

)10.Computersandmobilephones,thoughtheyareindeedmakingourlife

andmore

,havereducedtheneedforface-to-facecommunications.

A.easily;efficient B.easier;efficient C.easy;efficiently D.easily;efficiently【答案】

B【解析】

考查形容詞的比較級。make+life+形容詞,且后面為比較級,故兩個(gè)空都是形容詞的比較級。二、語法填空:根據(jù)句意或所給的提示用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語填空。1.Ittakesmanymorehourstogotherebytrain

byplane.

2.Peoplesaythatmother’sloveis

greatestloveintheworld.

【答案】

than

【解析】

比較級+than。“乘坐火車比乘坐飛機(jī)要花更多時(shí)間到達(dá)?！薄敬鸢浮?/p>

the

【解析】

the+最高級+比較范圍?！叭藗兂Ｕf母愛是世界上最偉大的愛?！?.Benistheyounger

thetwoboys.

4.Astosomeboys,physicsis

(easy)tolearnthanEnglish.

【答案】

of

【解析】

兩者中較……的一個(gè)?！癇en是兩個(gè)男孩中較小的那一個(gè)?！薄敬鸢浮?/p>