高中英語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)專題訓練題

高中英語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)專題訓練題【網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建】動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài)是兩個非常重要的語法范疇，構(gòu)成了英語語法的基本框架。因此時態(tài)與語態(tài)也是高考中出現(xiàn)頻率最高的語法項目。英語有十六種時態(tài)，但常考的主要有一般現(xiàn)在時、一般將來時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進行時、過去進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時、過去將來時及完成進行時等。語態(tài)一般不單獨設(shè)題，通常結(jié)合時態(tài)進行綜合考查。（一）時態(tài)概念時態(tài)是謂語動詞所表示的動作或情況發(fā)生的時間的各種形式。英語中有十六種動詞時態(tài)形式，但常見的有九種，見下表：時態(tài)名稱表示時間表達的意義例句般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在習慣于或經(jīng)常性動作Classbeginsateighteverymorning.狀況Helooksverypale.瞬間動作Therecomestheschoolbus.過去描述過去的事實，以求描述的生動性Theriverriseshigherandhigher,breaksthebanksandfillsalllowplaces.將來固定不變或不易變的動作或狀態(tài)TomorrowisSunday.（在時間或條件從句中）表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)Whenhearrives,we'llgoouttomeethim.Itwillbe3hoursbeforeIcomeback.不受時間限制的動作或狀態(tài)Thesunrisesintheeast.Practicemakesperfect.般過去時過去某時（或某段時間內(nèi)）的動作HetraveledinFrancelastyear.狀態(tài)HewasinShenzhengsomeyearsago.習慣動作WhenIwasatcollege,Iwrotehomeonceamonth.先后一連串動作Hewenttotown,boughtsomebooksandvisitedhisdaughter.現(xiàn)在或?qū)矸钦鎸嵉膭幼骰驙顟B(tài)，屬虛擬語氣范疇It'stimewehadsupper.Ifhearrivedtomorrow,Ishouldmeethimattheairport.般將將來某個時刻（或某段時間內(nèi)）將要發(fā)生的動作，更多地用于帶有條件從句的主句中Hewillcomenextweek.I'llaskherassoonasshecomes.

來時狀態(tài)Yourdresswillbereadysoon.現(xiàn)在預測現(xiàn)在某事可能要發(fā)生了It'steno'clock.Marywillbeinbedbynow?現(xiàn)在的習慣Alionwillneverattackanelephant.現(xiàn)在的需要ShallIhelpyou?對將來的事情現(xiàn)在作出決定---Whichshirtdoyouwant?---I'lltaketheredone,please.現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在某時（或某段時間內(nèi)）正在進行的動作Heiswritingaletternow.SheisvisitingShanghaithisweek.婉轉(zhuǎn)口氣I'mhopingtohearfromyousoon.帶有感情色彩的敘述Theboyisalwaystalkinginclass.將來按計劃一般不易變更的動作Thetrainisleavingat11:00p.m..（在時間或條件從句中）表示將來的動作Whenyouarecyclingalongthestreet,don't'forgetthetrafficlight.過去進行時過去某時（或時間段內(nèi)）進行的動作Iwasdoingmyhomeworkthistimelastnight.故事發(fā)生的背景Thewindwasblowinganditwasraininghard.帶有感情色彩的敘述Hewasmakingtroubleallthetime.過去說話前不久的動作Iwastellinghimhismotherwasill.婉轉(zhuǎn)口氣Iwashopingyoucouldhelpme.過去將來時過去間接引用某人過去的話和想法Hewarnedusthatthejourneywouldbedangerous.習慣性動作Atdusk,theseoldladieswouldsitinrockingchairsandtalk.現(xiàn)在非真實的動作或狀態(tài)IfIwereyou,IwouldstudyFrench.客氣的請求Wouldyoumindhelpingme?愿望Iwouldlikeacupoftea.現(xiàn)在宀完成時宀完成用法現(xiàn)在時間前完成的動作留下的結(jié)果或影響Hehasturnedoffthelight.IhavebeentoJapan.現(xiàn)在時間前已做的動作Heisreadingthebookthathehasboughtrecently.（在時間或條件從句中）表示在將來某個時間前先要做完的動作I'llreturnthebooktoyouassoonasIhavefinishedit.

過去完成

時未完成用法完成用法未完成用法直到現(xiàn)在為止尚未完成的動作過去某一時刻或某一事件前完成的動作或狀態(tài)過去某一時刻或某一事件前已過去完成

時未完成用法完成用法未完成用法直到現(xiàn)在為止尚未完成的動作過去某一時刻或某一事件前完成的動作或狀態(tài)過去某一時刻或某一事件前已發(fā)生但未完成的動作HehaslivedinWuhansincelastsummer.Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearned3000Englishwords.ByDecemberlastyear,hehadworkedinBeijingforfiveyears.其他用法表示非真實的，想象的過去動作或狀態(tài)IwishIhadtoldhimaboutit.Ifworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.Theyhadmeanttoseemeoffattheairport,buttheygottheretoolafe.shehad（二）時態(tài)的運用1．現(xiàn)在時等表示將來時;im【重點提示】用現(xiàn)在時表示將來時往往出現(xiàn)在以下狀語從句中：if,unless,ev等引if的條件狀語從句；when,before;after;once;until;till;assoonas;（themoment等引導的時間狀語從句；nomatterwhat/who/which/when/where/或Owhatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/however/which引v導的勺讓步狀語從句。;im在上述從句中如果主句是將來時（往往出現(xiàn)will,shall,can,等情態(tài)動詞或祈使句），從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般將來時。如：I'llnotgotohisbirthdaypartyunlessI'minvited.Tellhimthenewsassoonashecomesback.有時這個時態(tài)表示按計劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作（句中帶有時間狀語），但限于少數(shù)動詞如begin,come,leave,goarrive,start,stop,retuR等。如pen,closeThemeetingbeginsatseven.Thetrainstartsatnineinthemorning.當主句是過去將來時，用一般過去時表示過去將來時。如：Hesaidhewouldgoforaholidaywhenhefinishedhiswork.上述從句中還用現(xiàn)在完成時表示將來完成時，此時強調(diào)從句動作在主句之前發(fā)生。如：Youcan'tgooutuntilyouhavefinishedyour先0完成作k業(yè)再出去玩。）2．過去時在語境中的運用【重點提示】在沒有明確時間狀語的情況下，考生對過去時的判定往往會失誤，原因是只憑漢語直譯而不看語境。語境中的過去時往往表示“剛才、剛剛”之意，暗示現(xiàn)在已“不再這樣。”如：Ineverthoughthewoulddothat.現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時【重點提示】考生很容易將現(xiàn)在完成時誤用為一般過去時，原因是沒有深刻領(lǐng)會“現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響”這句話的含義。一般過去時僅僅說明動作在過去，不強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響。如：---Wherehaveyouputtherecorder?Ican'tfinditanywhere!---Iputitrighthere,butnowit'sgone.問句用現(xiàn)在完成時，表明說話者在找錄音機，希望對方告訴他錄音機在哪里。而答語用過去時，因為“錄音機已經(jīng)不見了”。“剛才”把錄音機放這兒與“現(xiàn)在不見了”沒有直接關(guān)系。4．某些固定的句式中的時態(tài)【重點提示】在某些固定的句式中，其時態(tài)是固定的、約定俗成的。1)This/Itis/willbethefirst/second---time+that從句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，若主句be動詞用was,則that從句用過去完成時。如：ThisisthefirsttimeIhavecomehere.Itwasthethirdtime(that)hehadmadethesamemistake.Itis/hasbeen+一段時間+since從句。Since從句中一般用過去時，如果將前邊的is改成was，則since從句中用過去完成時。如：Itwastenyearssincewehadhadsuchawonderfultime.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zbeabouttodo---when---意為“即將(這時)突然”。如：Iwasabouttogotobedwhenthetelephonerang.be(was/were)doing---when---意為“正在干(這時)突然”。如：TheywereplayingfootballwhenJackshoutedinpain.Hardlyhad---done---when---;Nosoonerhad---done---than---\o"CurrentDocument"when和than從句里也用過去時，表示“剛剛就”。如：HardlyhadIgothomewhentherainpoureddown.Nosoonerhadthevillagerslefttheburningbuildingthanitfelldownintopieces.It+be+—段時間+before從句該句式分兩種情況：若主句用將來時，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來時，意為多長時間以后即將發(fā)生某事；若主句用過去時，從句也用過去時，意為多長時間后發(fā)生了某事。如：Itwont'belongbeforehesucceeds.(=Hewillsoonsucceed.)Itwastenyearsbeforetheymetagain.(=Theymetagaintenyearslater.)現(xiàn)在完成進行時【重點提示】現(xiàn)在完成進行時主要表示動作開始于過去某時，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，當然中間動作有時并非無停頓。事實上現(xiàn)在完成進行時除了表示動作“已完成”的概念外，也可以表示動作“未完成”概念，一般可換用，但口語中更傾向于用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。如：HehastaughtEnglishfor10years.也可說成:HehasbeenteachingEnglishfor10years.下列最好用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，因為帶有一定的感情色彩。如：Wherehaveyoubeen?I'vebeentelephoningyouthewholemorning!He'sbeentalkingtomesincethismorning.非延續(xù)性（終止性）動詞怎樣表示一段時間【重點提示】非延續(xù)性動詞有mary,die,close,arrive,post,come,fall,leave,go,break,give,join,jump,receive,buy,borrow,become,start,begin,graduate等。這些非延續(xù)性動詞如果用于現(xiàn)在完成時，不能與表示一段時間的時間狀語for---,since---連用。如：可以說：IhaveboughtanAudicar.不可以說：IhaveboughtanAudicarforayear.如果要表示一段時間，句中不能用終止性動詞，一定要用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞。如：IhavehadanAudicarforayear.也可以用以下方式：IboughtanAudicarayearago.It's/hasbeenayearsinceIboughtanAudicar.二、語態(tài)當句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由be動詞+動詞過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過be的變化形式來體現(xiàn)。如：Thebridgeisbeingbuiltnow.Hewasaskedalotofquestionsatthemeeting.動詞say,believe,report,announce,suppose,know,consider,hope等以it作主語時用被動語態(tài)，后面接that從句。如：Itissaidthatourfootballteamhaswonthegame.【重點提示】英語中有時用主動形式表示被動含義，主要有以下三種情況：謂語動詞、非謂語動詞和介詞短語。（一）用謂語動詞的形式表示被動含義1．表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動詞look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear+形容詞/名詞構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。Thesteelfeelscold.Hisplanproved（tobe）practical.表示“開始”、“結(jié)束”、“運動”的動詞，如begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move.Workbeganat7o'clockthismorning.Theshopclosesat6p.m.everyday.表示主語的某種屬性特征的動詞，如read,write,act,sell,wash,clean,open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink這類動詞一般不單獨使用，常加上一個修飾語。如：Thiscoatdrieseasily.Thepenwritessmoothly.少數(shù)動詞用于進行時，其主動形式表示被動含義。如：print,build,cook,fry,hang,make.Thebooksareprinting.（二）用非謂語動詞的主動形式表示被動含義1.want,need,require作“需要”講時，后用動名詞的主動形式表被動含義，這時動名詞同句子的主語之間在邏輯上有動賓關(guān)系。如：Thehouseneeds/wants/requiresrepairing.形容詞worth后用動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義Thisproblemiswellworthconsidering.Theclosegameisworthwatching.不定式在某些形容詞（difficult,easy,hard‘comfortable,pleasant,fit,unfit,light,heavy,good,safe,dangerous）后作狀語且和句子的主語（或賓語）構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系時，用主動形式表示被動含義，這是因為人們往往認為形容詞后省去了forsb.如：Thequestionisdifficult（forme）tounderstand.Sheiseasy（forpeople）togetalongwith.不定式作名詞的后置定語，與被修飾的名詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，又和該句的主語后賓語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時，不定式常用主動式表被動含義。如：Ihavealotofworktodothisevening.在therebe句型中修飾主語的動詞不定式用主動形式和被動形式皆可。在口語中多用主動形式。如：Therearemanythingstodo/bedone.不定式tolet,toblame等表示被動意義。如：Thecaristolet.（汽車出租。）（三）介詞in,on,under等+n.構(gòu)成的介詞短語表示被動意義ThehousefacingthelakeisinthepossessionofJohn.=ThehousefacingthelakeispossessedbyJohn.Thequestionisunderdiscussion.=Thequestionisbeingdiscussed.【命題趨勢】歷年來高考中時態(tài)題一般要求考生能夠根據(jù)上下文捕捉和體會動作發(fā)生的時間信息，充分注意題干中語境，準確判斷時態(tài)，弄清句子主語和謂語之間的主動關(guān)系和被動關(guān)系；熟練掌握英語動詞的各種時態(tài)，并側(cè)重區(qū)別一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時、一般過去時與過去完成時的用法。一般來說考進行時和完成時的頻率更高一點。語態(tài)一般很少單獨設(shè)題，往往穿插在時態(tài)中進行綜合考查，要求考生掌握各種時態(tài)的被動形式尤其是現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)和過去完成時的被動語態(tài)?！军c擊真題】【例1】---Sorrytohaveinterruptedyou.Pleasegoon.---WherewasI?---Youyoudidn'tlikeyourfather'sjob.（2004北京春）hadsaidB.saidC.weresayingD.hadbeensaying答案】C。點撥】本題考查過去進行時與過去時及過去完成時的區(qū)別。解析】本題是一組對話。第二句意為“我剛才講到哪里了？”對方回答說“你剛才正講到你不喜歡你父親的工作那個地方。應(yīng)該指剛才正講到------,所以用過去進行時，選C。例2】Howcanyoupossiblymissthenews?ItonTValldaylong.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.wasD.willbe（2004北京春）【答案】A.點撥】本題考查時態(tài)用法。解析】從句意來看，“你怎么可能會沒聽到這個消息呢？電視上整天在播放該消息。”而且句中alldaylong表示該動作或狀態(tài)一直在進行，因此應(yīng)該用完成時態(tài)。例3】Allmorningasshewaitedforthemedicalreportfromthedoctor,hernervousness___.A.hasgrownB.isgrowingC.grewD.hadgrown（NMET2003）答案】C.點撥】本題考查時態(tài)用法?！窘馕觥肯扰懦鼳、B兩項，因為從從句看，說的是過去的事，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)；再排除D項，因為“她”不可能在等候醫(yī)學報告之前就增加了緊張感了。故應(yīng)選C表明“等候”與“增長”兩個動作都在過去同時發(fā)生。例4】AtthistimetomorrowovertheAtlantic.A.we'regoingtoflyB.we'llbeflyingC.we'llflyD.we'retofly（2003北京）答案】B。【點撥】本題考查將來進行時shall（will）be+現(xiàn)在分詞的用法。解析】shall（will）be+現(xiàn)在分詞的用法可表示“純粹的將來”，說話者僅陳述一個事實?；虮硎灸撤N可能的推測，有“我料想，我估計”的含義。本題中的時間狀語atthistimetomorrow很明顯是個將來進行時，故選B。例5】---DavidandVickymarried?---Foraboutthreeyears.A.Howlongwere;beingB.Howlonghave;gotC.Howlonghave;beenD.Howlongdid;get（2003北京）答案】C.點撥】本題考查1.延續(xù)性動詞的用法.2.動詞短語bemarried,getmarried的區(qū)別.解析】根據(jù)回答“Foraboutthreeyears.”可知應(yīng)提問兩人結(jié)婚（到現(xiàn)在）已多久了,須用現(xiàn)在完成時,排除A、D兩項；再排除B項，getmarried當作非延續(xù)性動詞使用，不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用，不能用Howlong來提問。Bemarried表示延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，是延續(xù)性動詞。例6】Thenewscameasnosurprisetome.Iforsometimethatthefactorywasgoingtoshutdown.（2003北京）A.hadknownB.knewC.haveknownD.know【答案】A.【點撥】本題考查動詞時態(tài)的用法知識?！窘馕觥勘绢}的第一句是關(guān)鍵“對于那消息我不感到驚訝”，原因就是在這之前已經(jīng)知道了內(nèi)容。第一句用了一般過去時，在一過去動作之前的事情，應(yīng)選過去完成時?！纠?】Iping-pangquitewell,butIhaven'thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play（NMET2001）【答案】D?！军c撥】該題考查動詞時態(tài)?！窘馕觥緽ut后的并列分句用在現(xiàn)在完成時的否定表示到現(xiàn)在為止未完成的動作，由此可推斷出一個并列分句表示的是經(jīng)常性的或習慣性的動作，須用一般現(xiàn)在時，故答案為Do【例8】Iarrivedlate;Itheroadtobesoicy.（2004北京春）A.wouldn'texpectB.haven'texpectedC.hadn'texpectedD.wasn'texpecting【答案】Co【點撥】本題考查的是時態(tài)用法?！窘馕觥勘绢}由兩個分句組成。前一個分句用一般過去時。后一個分句中的動詞expect實際上是發(fā)生在前一個分句中動詞arrived之前，指在此之前沒有料到路面會那么的滑。因此應(yīng)該用過去完成時。故答案選Co【例9】Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology___sorapidly.（NMET2001）A.ischangingB.hadchangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange【答案】A.【點撥】本題考查動詞的時態(tài)用法。【解析】題干為一個含有原因狀語動句的主從復合句，主句陳述的情況是一客觀事實，原因狀語從句強調(diào)一直正在進行的動作，故答案為A。又如：Don'tturnoffthelightbecauseIamreadingareportnow.【例10】Comeandseemewhenever.youareconvenientB.youwillbeconvenientitisconvenienttoyouD.itwillbeconvenienttoyou（2003北京）【答案】Co【點撥】本題考查1.whenever“任何時間”引導的時間狀語從句2.convenient一詞的用法.【解析】1.先排除B、D兩項，因為狀語從句中一般將來時需用一般現(xiàn)在時代替。2.convenient“方便的,合適的”,beconvenienttosb.（對某人來說）如果方便的話.排除A項.【拓展演練】【基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)題】1.---You'redrinkingtoomuch.---Onlyathome.Noone___mebutyou.A.isseeingB.hadseenC.sawD.sees2.---LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyIyouradvice.---Don'tworry.Tryagain.A.followB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.havefollowed3.Thetelephonethreetimesinthelasthour,andeachtimeitformyfather.A.hadrung;wasB.hasrung;wasC.rang;hasbeenD.hasbeenringing;is---Johntookaphotographofyoujustnow.---Really?Whatapity!I.A.didn'tlookB.wasn'tlookingC.hadn'tlookedD.haven'tlookedAftertheclass,thestudentswentoutoftheclassroomonebyone,butonlyMary___.A.leftB.hadleftC.wasleavingD.wasleftThe2000OlympicGamesinSydney,acityofAustralia.A.weretakenplaceB.washeldC.wereheldD.hadbeenheldTheteachertoldhisstudentsthattheytobeusefulmentothecountry.A.wereallexpectedB.wereallexpectingC.allwereexpectedD.allexpected---You'veagreedtogo,butwhyaren'tyougettingready?---ButIthatyou___metostartatonce.A.don'trealize;wantB.don'trealize;wanteddidn'trealize;wantedD.haven'trealized;wantWilltheseflowersbewatered?A.everyfewdaysB.afterhoursC.withinafewhoursD.theotherdayNobodyknewwhenthefire,buttheyknewitthenextmorning.A.brokeout,wasputoutB.wasbrokenout;wasputoutC.brokeout;putoutD.wasbrokenout;wentouthavenoideawhatwhileIwasasleep.A.hashappenedB.washappenedC.happenedD.hadhappened---Look!Somebodyhasbrokenaglass.---Well,itme.I___that.A.wasn't;didn'tdoB.isn't;haven'tdoneC.wasn't;hadn'tdoneD.isn't;didn'tdoThethiefwhenhewasstealingawalletfromawoman.A.happenedtonoticeB.wastakenplacetonoticeC.washappenedtobenoticedD.happenedtobenoticed---DoyouknowanyoneinParis?---No,I'llmakefriendsonce.A.I'msettledB.IhavesettledC.I'llbesettledD.I'msettling---Comeon,Shella.Iwanttoshowyousomething.---Oh,howniceofyou.Iyoutobringmeagift.A.didn'tthink;weregoingB.neverthink;aregoingC.neverthought;weregoingD.hadn'tthought;weregoing16.Itwillbealongtime___Frankbackfromabroad.A.before;comesB.since;hascomeC.when;hascomeD.after;came17.---I'veheardBobfromhisjourneytoAfrica.---Whataboutvisitinghimtonight?A.hadcomebackB.comingbackC.comebackD.isbackUnfortunatelywhenIarrivedshe,soweonlyhadtimeforafewwords.A.justleftB.hasjustleftC.wasjustleavingD.hadjustleft---Howdoyouusuallygotowork?---Ifitisfine,I___onfoot.A.willgoB.goC.havegoneD.won'tgoHe___andwasmadetorepeatit.A.didn'tunderstandB.didn'tbeunderstoodC.wasn'tunderstandD.wasn'tunderstoodThepupilshereallkindsofexerciseseverydayinthepastfourweeks.\A.keptbusydoingB.keepondoingC.havekeptbusydoingD.havebeenkeptbusydoing---WhatwereyoudoingwhenTomcametoseeyou?---Ionmycoatand.a)havejustput;leavingB.wasput;wasleftC.hadjustput;wasleavingD.wasputting;left---Youhaven'tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?---I'msorryI___anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkitisprettyonyou.A.wasn'tsayingB.don'tsayC.won'tsayD.didn'tsay---Iamsorry,butIshouldn'thavebeensorudetoyou.---Youyourtemperbutthat'sOK.A.havelostB.hadlostC.didloseD.werelosing---IsTomstillsmoking?---No,bynextSaturdayhe___forawhilemonthwithoutsmokingasinglecigarette.A.willgoB.hasgoneC.willhavegoneD.hasbeengoing---Whatwereyouuptowhenyourmothercamein?---I___forawhileandsomereading.A.wasplaying;wasgoingtoB.played;didC.hadplayed;wasgoingtoD.hadplayed;did---you___theeditorattheairport?---No,he___awaybeforemyarrival.A.Have;met;hasdrivenB.Had;met;wasdrivenC.Did;meet;hadbeendrivenD.Have;met;haddriven---What'sthematter?---Theshoesdon'tfitproperly.They___myfeet.A.arehurtingB.willhurtC.havehurtD.arehurt29.---___Bettythismorning?---Notyet,butsheissuretobeherebeforenoon.A.HaveyouseenB.WillyouseeC.DoyouseeD.Didyousee30.---Alicecamebackhomethedaybeforeyesterday.---Really?Where?A.hasshebeenB.hadshebeenC.hasshegoneD.hadshegone【能力提高題】canguessyouwereinahurry.Youyoursweaterinsideout.A.hadwearB.wereC.werewearingD.arewearingreallydon't'thinkRosemarywillbeupset,butIwillgoandseeherincaseshe___.A.isB.doesC.willbeD.hasbeenMymoney_.ImustgotothebanktodrawsomeofmysavingsoutbeforeI'venoneinhand.A.hasrunoutB.isrunningoutC.hasbeenrunoutD.isbeingrunoutUntilthen,I___forhimforfivehoursinhisoffice.A.waitedB.waswaitingC.havebeenwaitingD.hadbeenwaitingTheforeignfriendsyoureferredtolookingforwardtoaroundouruniversity.A.are;beingshownB.being;beingshownC.being;showingD.are;beshownThedoor.Bettersendforaworkmantorepairit.A.isn'topenB.isn'tbeopenedC.hasn'tbeenopenedD.won'topenIdon'tmindalone,butIwantagoodbook.A.leaving;readingB.beingleft;toreadC.tobeleft;tobereadD.beingleft;tobereadTheshopassistantpromisedmethatthematerial,andwhatshesaid___tobetrue.A.wouldbedriedeasily;wasprovedB.willbedriedeasily;wasprovedC.driedeasily;provedD.driedeasy;proved---Sorry,I___toposttheletterforyou.---Nevermind.itmyselfafterschool.A.forget;I'dratherpostB.forgot;I'mgoingtopostC.forgot;I'llpostD.forget;I'dbetterpost---Whathappenedtothepostman?---Idon'tknow.Hearoundhereforalongtime.A.hasn'tseenB.didn'tseeC.wasn'tseenD.hasn'tbeenseen\---DidyouwritetoMarylastmonth?---No,butI'll___heroverChristmasDay.A.beseenB.beseeingC.haveseenD.havebeenseeing\Theysaidgood-bye,littleknowingthattheyagain.A.werenevermetB.willnevermeetC.nevermetD.werenevertomeet---Don'tyouknowImakethedecisionhere?---,notuntilyoume.A.Yes,havetoldB.No,havetoldC.Yes,tellD.No,aretelling14.Itwon'tbelongbeforesuchathingagain.A.willhappenB.happensC.ishappenedD.happened15.Theboywhomyoulentthebiketo___byacar.A.hitB.behitC.havingbeenhitD.washitBythetimethespeakerenteredthehall,allthelisteners.A.hadseatedB.wereseatedC.seatedD.wereseatingWecannotusethebridgenow,becauseit___.A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrepairedTheroom___coolinsummerandwarminwinter.A.isbeingfeltB.isfeltC.feelsD.hasbeenfelt19.Inwarmweatherfruitandmeatlong.A.don'tkeepB.cannotbekeptC.arenotkeptD.arenotkeeping20.It'sthethirdtimeyou___lateforschoolthisweek.A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.areD.wereOnceyou___usedtotheweatherhere,youthisplace.A.hadgot;probablylikedB.willget;probablylikeC.get;probablylikedD.get;willprobablylikeTheyforlongwhenamessagecame.A.haddrunkB.drunkC.hadnotdrunkD.weredrinkingPerhapsseveralyearsbackfromabroad.A.Tomis;thathecomesB.itis;beforeTomwillcomeC.hewillbe;whenTomcomesD.itwillbe;beforeTomcomes---Well,hereIamatlast.---Good!I___worried___youcouldn'tbebackontime.A.got;aboutthatB.was;thatC.am;whetherD.am;why---Haveyoupostedmyletter?---Sorry,I___allaboutit.A.hadforgottenB.willforgetC.forgotD.forget---Jimhasbeeninhospital.---Oh,really?I___.visither.A.didn'tknow;I'llgoandB.don'tknow;IhaveintendedtoC.don'tknow;IintendedtoD.haven'tknown;Iwasgoingto27.Itwastwelveo'clock___theyfinishedthework.A.sinceB.atwhichC.thatD.when---Where___themap?---I___itrighthere.A.didyouput;haveputB.haveyouput;putC.hadyouput;wasputtingD.wereyouputting;haveput---Wheredoyouthink___he___thecomputer?---Sorry.Ihavenoidea.A.has;broughtB./;boughtC.did;buyD.had;bought---Areyouavisitorhere?---That'sright.I___roundtheworldandnowmydreamofcomingtoChina___true.A.havetraveled;hascomeB.wastraveling;hadbeencomeC.amtraveling;hascomeD.havetraveled;hasbeencome【高考沖刺題】1.Ididn'tlikeAuntLucy,whowithoutwarningandbringinguspresents.A.alwaysturnsupB.hasalwaysturnedupC.wasturnedupD.wasalwaysturningup2.---Didhenoticeyouentertheroom?---Idon'tthinkso.Hetotheradiowithhiseyesshut.A.listenedB.waslisteningC.haslistenedD.hadlistened3.---Wouldyouliketovisitthetemple?IfIaweekoff.A.willhaveB.hadC.havehadD.wouldhave---Look!Howlonglikethis?---Threeweeks!It'susualherethatrainwithoutstoppingthesedaysatsea.A.hasitrained;poursB.hasitbeenraining;poursC.isitraining;ispouringD.doesitrain;pours5.ItohelpyoubutIwasnotabletospareanytime.IapaperlastnightandI'llfinishittonight.A.wanted;havebeenwritingB.havewanted;wroteC.hadwanted;wroteD.hadwanted;waswriting6.Theprice,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.A.wentdownB.willgodownC.hasgonedownD.wasgoingdown7.Inthisexperiment,theyarewokenupseveraltimesduringthenight,andaskedtoreportwhatthey.A.hadjustbeendreamingB.arejustdreamingC.havejustbeendreamingD.hadjustdreamtIwanttobuythatkindofclothbecauseItheclothwell.A.havetold;washesB.havebeentold;washesC.wastold;washedD.havebeentold;iswashedThecarrandownthehill,andthedriver__,accordingtothenewspaper,tohavebeenkilled.A.saidB.wassayingC.wassaidD.hadbeensaid---Wasthatthefirsttimeyou___England'scoast.---Yes.Itwas.A../;leftB.when;haveleftC.when;hadleftD./hadleftIshouldhavewrittentoyouearlier,butratherbusyrecently.A.I'vebeenB.I'dbeenC.I'mbeingD.IwereHewillphonehehiswork.A.forthemoment;setsaboutB.themoment;setsaboutC.themoment;willsetaboutD.forthemoment;willsetabout---Katereturnedhomeyesterday.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z---Really?Where?A.hasshebeenB.hadshegoneC.hasshegoneD.hadshebeen14.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.A.havesurvivedB.aretosurviveC.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive15.TheTVsetsmadebyourfactorysellbest,but10yearsagonoonecouldhaveguessedtheplaceinthemarketsthatthey.A.werehavingB.weretohaveC.hadhadD.had16.---Canyougivemetherightanswer?---Sorry,I.Wouldyourepeatthatquestion?A.hadn'tlistenedB.haven'tlistenedC.don'tlistenD.wasn'tlisteningviolinlessonseverytwoweeks,butIthinkI'llmakeiteveryweekfromnextmonth.A.amhavingB.havehadC.haveD.havebeenhaving18.---WhatwereyoudoingwhenIphonedyouyesterdayevening?---Imyhomeworkandwasstartingtotakeabath.A.hadjustfinishedB.wasfinishingC.havealreadyfinishedD.wasgoingtofinish---Yourbabyistoothin.---Itcouldgainweight,butitmuch.A.doesn'teatB.didn'teatC.hadn'tbeenD.couldn'teatPleasecallagain.Jimabathjustnow.A.hashadB.washavingC.ishavingD.has---Whydidyoucomebytaxi?---MybikebrokedownlastnightandIitrepaired.A.didn'thaveB.don'thaveC.won'thaveD.haven'thadIdon'treallyworkhere.Iuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.A.justhelpoutB.havejusthelpedoutC.amjusthelpingoutD.willjusthelpoutYoutelevision.Whynotdosomethingmoreactive?A.alwayswatchB.arealwayswatchingC.havealwayswatchedD.havealwaysbeenwatching---Canyoudriveonthefreeway,Mr.Green?---Youcanwhenyouabitmoreskilled.A.willgetB.aregettingC.willhavegotD.getIatthestationhalfanhourago,butthetrain___yet.A.arrived;hadn'tcomeB.wasarriving;hadn'tcomeC.arrived;hasn'tcomeD.hadarrived;didn'tcomeWhydon'tyouputthemeatinthefridge?Itwill___freshforseveraldays.A.bestayedB.stayC.bestayingD.havestayed27.Thelittlegirlherheartoutbecauseshehertoybearandbelievedshewasn'tevergoingtofindit.A.hadcried;lostB.cried;hadlostC.hascried;haslostD.cries;haslostIfeelitisyourhusbandwhoforthespoiledchild.A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblameC.istobeblamedD.shouldblameHundredsofjobsifthefactorycloses.A.loseB.willbelostC.arelostD.willloseRainforestsandburnedatsuchagreatspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeenout動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)（解析）【基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)題】答案：Do解析：從第一句中可知，本題排除與過去時有關(guān)的B、C兩項，而see—般不用進行時，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。答案：co解析：ifonly在句中引導虛擬語氣，在含有ifonly虛擬句中，不能用情態(tài)動詞，根據(jù)語境這里是與過去事實相反的一種情況，所以要用過去完成時。Bo解析：第一句中有inthepasthour，故用現(xiàn)在完成時；第二句中eachtime顯然是過去的時間，故選Bo答案：Bo解析：先排除D項，然后從語境中可知，不在看（鏡頭）是指John給我拍照時的動作，故用過去進行時。答案：Do解析：此句中Mary是被留下來，而不是主動離開。答案：Co解析：A項中takeplace無被動語態(tài)，B項中主謂不一致，D項時態(tài)不對。答案：Ao解析：從本句意思來看,they應(yīng)指學生，與expect之間應(yīng)是被動關(guān)系。Beexpectedtodo意思是：被指望做o答案：Co解析：realize不是現(xiàn)在的動作，而是在你提醒我之前沒有意識到，故用C,主從句時態(tài)也一致。答案：Co解析：本句用的是將來時，故排除A、DoB項中afterhours一般用于過去時態(tài)，只有C正確。Within相當于in.答案：ao解析：breakout無被動語態(tài)。putout與fire之間應(yīng)體現(xiàn)被動關(guān)系。答案：C。解析：happen無被動語態(tài)，而A項時態(tài)與whileIwasasleep不符合。答案：A。解析：答句中說明“打破杯子的不是我，我沒做那事”，故用一般過去時。答案：D。解析：happentodo表示“正好，碰巧”，無被動語態(tài)，而thethief與notice之間是被動關(guān)系，故選D。答案：A。解析：本題考查狀語從句中時態(tài)，主句是將來時，故在once引導的條件狀語從句中用現(xiàn)在時表示將來時，而besettled指生活安頓下來，故選A。15．答案：C。解析：原句意思是“我壓根兒不曾想到你會給我?guī)ФY物來”?！皼]想到”當然是過去的動作，故排除B項，而D項的時態(tài)也不對；A項中didn'tthink表示“我并不認為---”與原句意思不符。第二空用weregoingto表示過去將來時，與主句時態(tài)一致。16．答案：A。解析：Itwillbe/wasalongtimebefore是個固定結(jié)構(gòu)。17．答案：D。解析：主句中用現(xiàn)在完成時，若選A，主從句中時態(tài)不一致。若選B、C項表示聽到Bob回來或聽到Bob回來了，D項表示我聽說Bob從非洲回來了，heard后省去了that，主從句時態(tài)一致。18．答案：C。解析：從句意來看，我到那兒時，她還沒離開，而是正要離開，故選Co19．答案：B。解析：一般情況下條件從句中用現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時。但本題中問句里有usually—詞，詢問的是通常的情況，故用Bo20.答案Do解析：從后半句wasmadetorepeatit可知，因為他沒有被聽懂，故用被動語態(tài)。21．答案：Do解析：本題中時間狀語everydayinthepastfourweeks表示從過去某一時間到現(xiàn)在的四周里每天進行的動作，故用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，而主語thepupil與keep之間是被動關(guān)系，故用bekeptbusydoing結(jié)構(gòu)。22．答案：Co解析：原句意思是“Tom來看我時我剛穿好衣服，正準備離開?！惫蔬xCo23．答案：Do解析：答句中用過去時表示在你征詢我的意見前我沒有及時說，故用Do24．答案：Co解析：從Ishouldn'thavebeensorudetoyou一句可看出，對方是為自己在過去某一時候的無禮舉動表示歉意，故發(fā)脾氣這一動作發(fā)生在過去，但不用過去完成時或進行時，C項中用didlose表示強調(diào)。25．答案：Co解析：由時間狀語bynextSaturday可知，時態(tài)應(yīng)用將來完成時，選Co26．答案：Co解析：答句中forawhile暗示要用完成時，此處顯然用過去完成時；第二空用過去進行時指媽媽進來時我正在看書。27．答案：Co解析：從答句beforemyarrival可知，本題問句應(yīng)用過去時，而第二空顯然是指過去的過去發(fā)生的動作，故選Co28.答案：Ao解析：用現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在的情況。我此時感到疼痛。29．答案：Ao解析：句中yet—詞暗示問句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。30．答案：Bo解析：Alice現(xiàn)已回來了，人不在外地，故不用have/has/hadgone;而本句第一分句講Alice是前天回來的，故問的該是在前天以前上哪兒了，因此選B,用過去完成時?！灸芰μ岣哳}】1．答案：Do解析：因為現(xiàn)在你身上的毛衣里外穿反了，由此推斷當時你很匆忙。2．答案：Ao解析：incase引導的是條件狀語從句，主句用將來時，從句用現(xiàn)在時，因為前邊有beupset，故用be動詞is，后面省略upseto3．答案：Bo解析：從后句可知，我手頭還有一點錢，但很快要用完了，故用B項，進行時表示將來時。4．答案：Do解析：untilthen表示到過去某一時候為止，故用過去完成時。5．答案：Ao解析：第一空應(yīng)填主句的謂語動詞，故排除B、C。第二空作介詞to的賓語；foreignfriends與showaround之間是被動關(guān)系，故選Ao6．答案：Do解析：本題考查的是主動語態(tài)表示被動語態(tài)的用法。動詞open表示主語的屬性特征，類似的動詞還有close,read,write,sell,wash,dry等，一般都用主動式表示被動含義。7．答案：Bo解析：mind后接動名詞，故排除C項。I與leave之間應(yīng)體現(xiàn)被動關(guān)系，故在B、D中選。第二空不定式作定語，因為句中有執(zhí)行read的主語I,故用主動式。8．答案：Co解析：dry指主語material的屬性特征，應(yīng)用主動形式表示被動含義。此時它是不及物動詞，故用副詞修飾；第二空prove是連系動詞，所以選Co9．答案：Co解析：“忘了為你寄信”是過去的動作，故用B、C。而B項中I'mgoingtop表示“打算去寄”不符合上句的語境。10．答案：Do解析：從時間狀語foralongtime可知到說話時為止很長時間郵遞員未被見到了。故用現(xiàn)在完成時。答案：B。解析：將來進行時will/shallbedoingsth.可用于表達預計即將發(fā)生或勢必要發(fā)生的動作，在一般情況下可和一般將來時換用，用將來時